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GENEALOGY COLLECTION
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i:i;\si:y coi'xty corRT iiorsio
HISTORY c
OF
GUERNSEY COUNTY
OHIO
By COL. CYRUS P. B. SARCHET
ILLUSTRATED
VOLUME I
1911
B. F. BOWEN & COMPANY
INDIANAPOLIS. INDIANA
DEDICATION.
This work is respectfully dedicated to
THE PIONEERS,
long since departed. May the memory of those who laid down their burdens
by the wayside ever be fragrant as the breath of summer
flowers, for their toils and sacrifices have made
Guernsey County a garden of sun-
shine and delights.
1470868
PREFACE
All life and achievement is evolution; present wisdom comes from past
experience, and present commercial prosperity has come only from past exer-
tion and suffering. The deeds and motives of the men that have gone before
have been instrumental' in shaping the destinies of later communities and
states. The development of a new country was at once a task and a privi-
lege. It required great courage, sacrifice and privation. Compare the pres-
ent conditions of the people of Guernsey county. Ohio, with what they were
one hundred years ago. From a trackless wilderness and virgin land,
it has come to be a center of prosperity and civilization, with millions of
wealth, systems of railways, grand educational institutions, splendid indus-
tries and immense agricultural and mineral productions. Can any thinking
person be insensible to the fascination of the study which discloses the
aspirations and efforts of the early pioneers who so strongly laid the founda-
tion upon which has been reared the magnificent prosperity of later days?
To perpetuate the story of these people and to trace and record the social,
political and industrial progress of the community from its first inception
is the function of the local historian. A sincere purpose to preserve facts
and personal memoirs that are deserving of perpetuation, and which unite
the present to the past, is the motive for the present publication. The work
has been in the hands of able writers, who have, after much patient studv
and research, produced here the most complete biographical memoirs of
Guernsey county. Ohio, ever offered to the public. A specially valuable and
interesting department is that one devoted to the sketches of representative
citizens of this county whose records deserve preservation bcause of their
worth, effort and accomplishment. The publishers desire to extend their
thanks to the gentlemen who have so faithfully labored to this end. Thanks
are also due to the citizens of Guernsey county for the uniform kindness with
which they have regarded this undertaking and for their many services ren-
dered in the gaining of necessary information.
In placing the "History of Guernsey County, Ohio," before the citizens,
the publishers can conscientiously claim that they have carried out the plan as
outlined in the prospectus. Every biographical sketch in the work has been
submitted to the party interested, for correction, and therefore any error of
fact, if there be any, is solely due to the person for whom the sketch was pre-
pared. Confident that our efforts to please will fully meet the approbation of
the public, we are.
Respectfully,
THE PUBLISHERS.
CONTENTS
CHAPTER I— TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY 25
Natural Features — Drainage — Forest Trees — Minerals — Landscape — The
Streams of the County — Settlement of the County — Zane Trac£— Wills Creek —
Origin of Some Geographical Names.
CHAPTER II— INDIAN OCCUPANCY 30
Territory Acquired by White Man — LaSalle's Explorations — British Acquire
Title from the French — Colonial Ohio Land Company — George Washington —
Boquet's Expedition — Indian Disturbances — Battle of Point Pleasant— North-
west Territory Acquired by United States — George Rogers Clark — Indian His-
tory— Last Tribes in Ohio — Indian Customs and Amusements — Anecdote of
Col. John McDonaTd.
CHAPTER III— ORGANIZATION OF THE COUNTY : . 38
Military Land District — Land Surveys Completed — Guernsey County Formed —
Civil Townships Organized — County-seat Question — Town Plats of the County
— Incorporated Towns — A Lost Town.
CHAPTER IV— EARLY SETTLEMENT OF THE COUNTY 46
V2 The First Settler — Pioneer Graham— Early Comers — Life of the Pioneers —
First Schools — A Wounded Deer — Indian Camps.
CHAPTER V— COUNTY GOVERNMENT 53
Official Record — First Officers — Commissioners Busy — Organization of Town-
ships—The County-Seat Question — The First Court House — The County Jail —
County Infirmary — The Children's Home1— A Five Year Record — Assessments
in 1835 — Assessments for 1910 — Treasury Defalcations — Resulting Trials.
CHAPTER VI— POLITICAL HISTORY OF THE COUNTY 65
Votes in 1824 — The Campaign of 1840 — Naphtali Luccock— Origin of Term
"Hard Cider and Log-Cabin Campaign"— Notes on the Campaign of 1844 — Old
Time Flag Poles— The Civil War Period— A Visit to McKinley— Different
Votes on Prohibition — Presidential Vote — Gubernatorial Vote^Congressmen
— State Senators — Representatives — County Treasurers — Sheriffs — Clerks of
the Court — Associate Judges from 1S10 to 1851' — County Auditors — County
Recorders — County Surveyors — County Commissioners — Infirmary Directors
— Prosecuting Attorneys — Probate Judges — Coroners.
CHAPTER VII— MILITARY HISTORY OF THE COUNTY S8
An Honorable Military Record — A Revolutionary Character — Soldiers of 1812
-^Captain Beymer's Company — Captain Martin's Company — Captain Beatty's
Company — Off to the Wars — Soldiers of the War of 1812 — The Mexican War —
The Civil War — The First Company of Cambridge Volunteers — Drafts — Mur-
der of Marshal Cook — Guernsey County Enlistments — Soldiers' Aid Societies
— A Regimental Printer — John Morgan's Raid — The Cambridge Scouts — The
Spanish-American War — The Cambridge Soldiers' Monument <— Soldiers'
Graves— Grand Army of the Republic.
CHAPTER VIII— EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTY 117
Early Efforts to Provide Schools — First Free School in Cambridge — Other
Early Schools — Spelling Classes — The Cambridge Academy — District School
Notice: — A Teacher Wanted — Other Educational Institutions — Cambridge
Schools— The High School — The First Commencement'— The Richland Town-
ship Free School — Pioneer School Discipline — Present School Statistics — Cam-
bridge Seminary — Madison College.
CHAPTER IX— CHURCH AND DENOMINATIONAL HISTORY 138
Early Religious Sentiment— The Methodist Episcopal Church— The First and
Second Churches at Cambridge— A Disastrous Fire— The Byesville Church,
and Societies at Cumberland, Salesville and Other Points — The Christian
Churches at Quaker City and Cambridge — The Friends Church — The Catho-
lic Church — Methodist Protestant Church at Cambridge and Byesville — The
Presbyterian Church at Cambridge! — Cumberland — Lore City — "Washington —
Senecaville — Cumberland Presbyterian Church — United Brethren Church —
Evangelical Lutheran Church — Pleasant City, Senecaville and Harmony Con-
gregations— St. John's Episcopal Church — United Presbyterian Churches —
Byesville, Washington, Pleasant Hill, Lebanon and Fairview — Baptist
Churches — Macedonia, Goshen, Cumberland and Byesville.
CHAPTER X— SECRET SOCIETIES OF THE COUNTY 167
The First Masonic Lodge — Guernsey Lodge No. 66 — Cambridge Chapter No.
53, Royal Arch Masons — Guernsey Council No. 74, Royal and Select Mas-
ters— Cambridge Commandery No. 47. Knights Templar' — Princes of Jerusa-
lem— Nobles of the Mystic Shrine — Guernsey Chapter No. 211, Order of the
Eastern Star — Cumberland Lodge No. 134 — Mount Pleasant Lodge No. 360 —
Quaker City Lodge No. 500 — Acorn Chapter No. 205. O. E. S. — Cumberland
Chapter No. 110, O. E. S— Quaker City Chapter No. 177, O. E. S.— Pleasant
City Chapter No. 227. O. E. S— The Masonic Temple — Masonic Calendar— In-
dependent Order of Odd Fellows — Cambridge Lodge No. 301 — Cambridge En-
campment No. 150. Patriarchs Militant— Other Lodges — Knights of Pythias
— Cambridge Lodge No. 53 — Pleasant City Lodge No. 595 — Rathbone Sisters,
Golden Rod Temple No. 128— Quaker City Lodge No. 310 — Seneca Lodge No.
727— Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks — Cambridge Lodge No. 448.
CHAPTER xr— EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS 17S
Hardships of Early Settlers — The Sheep Industry— Statistics of 1876 — Report
of 1907 — Good Fleeces — Agricultural Societies — First Premium List — The Fair
at Washington — A Peculiar Season.
CHAPTER Xir— RAILWAY. WATER NAVIGATION AND THE OLD PIKE ROAD.. 185
Early Importance of Transportation — Zane Trace — The Pike, or National
Road— The Old Wheeling Road— Survey of the Seven Ranges— New Wash-
ington—Early Roads— The Old Pike— Report of Travel1— Toll Gates— First
Flat or Keel Boat on Wills Creek — First Steamboat — Leaving the Country
with a Flatboat — An Early River Venture— The Railroad Era— The Centra!
Ohio (now the Baltimore & Ohio) Railroad— The Cleveland & Marietta Road
—Ohio River & Western Railroad.
CHAPTER XIII— THE BAR OF GUERNSEY COUNTY 197
Early Lawyers — First Colored Jury — Death Sentences — First Grand Jury in
CONTENTS.
Guernsey County — Present Justices of the Peace — Prominent Early Attor-
neys— Published Lists — Present Court Officers — Present Members of the
Guernsey County Bar.
CHAPTER XIV— THE MEDICAL PROFESSION 203
Efficiency of the Pioneer Doctors — Paper by Dr. C. A. Moore — Early Medical
Advertisements — Dr. Andrew Wall — Personal Mention of Members of the Fra-
ternity— List of Early Guernsey County Physicians — Present-Day Physicians
■ — Medical Societies — Keenan's Hospital.
CHAPTER XVI— NEWSPAPERS OF GUERNSEY COUNTY 215
The First Newspaper — The Guernsey Times — The Washington Republican, the
First Democratic Paper — The Jeffersonian — The (hiernsey 'limes — Joseryh
Sterling Thomas — People's Press — A Curious Editorial — The Cambridge Her-
ald— Other Cambridge Newspapers — Newspapers at Pleasant City — Byesville
Newspapers— Those at Cumberland— Quaker City Papers.
CHAPTER XVI— BANKS AND BANKING 221
Banks Established Early to Meet a Demand — Wild-cat Money — Discount on
Bank Notes — An Old Bank Detecter— Old Time Values— Value of Town Lots —
Guernsey County's First Bank — National Bank of Cambridge — Guernsey Na-
tional Bank — Citizens Savings Bank — Central National Bank1 — Cambridge Sav-
ings Bank — People's Bank — Guernsey Building and Loan Company — Byesville
Banking — Banking at Cumberland — Senecaville — Quaker City — Cambridge
Loan and Building Company — Bank Failures.
CHAPTER XVII— MINES AND MINING 239
Mineral Resources of Guernsey County — Development of Coal Mines — Statis-
tics— Description of the Large Mines — Smaller Mines of the County — Salt
Manufactory — Natural Gas.
CHAPTER XVIII— THE CITY OF CAMBRIDGE 245
Origin of Name — Location — The Oldest House in Town — Levi Morgan — Early
History — Settlers — The Whipping Post in Cambridge — Early Deeds Made^-
Early Business Prospects — The Old Market House — Cambridge Postoffice —
Early Stage Lines and Mail Service — A Postoffice "Primary" Incident— First
Telegraph in Cambridge — Municipal History— Present City Officers^The Pub-
lic Library — The City Cemeteries — Religious Worship — Temperance Move-
ments— Important Events — Gen. Tom Thumb — First Events — Lorenzo Dow in
Cambridge — William Henry Harrison Here — Long-ago Incidents — Old Wills
Creek Bridge — A Cambridge Newsboy — Boom the Town — Industrial Cam-
bridge^— Prominent Industries — A Cambridge Fire — A Midnight Fire — Fire of
1S95— A Terrible Death.
CHAPTER XIX— ADAMS TOWNSHIP 281
Boundaries — Old Settlers — Personal Mention of Pioneers Who Settled in the
Township.
CHAPTER XX— CAMBRIDGE TOWNSHIP 2S4
One of the Original Five Townships — Present Boundaries and Area — Streams
— Roads — Home of the First White Settler in Guernsey County.
CHAPTER XXI— CENTRE TOWNSHIP 285
Area and Boundaries — Early Settlement — Prominent Early Pioneers — Centre-
ville— Craig.
CHAPTER XXII— JEFFERSON TOWNSHIP 288
A Township Without a Village — Area — Aged Residents of the Township-
First Actual Settlers.
CHAPTER XXIII— JACKSON TOWNSHIP 291
Named in Honor of General Jackson — Organization — -Area — Pioneers Living
in 1882— Prominent Early Families — Byesville»— Incorporation History — Fac-
tories— Postofflce — Business Directory of 1910.
CHAPTER XXIV— KNOX TOWNSHIP 296
Boundary of the Township — An Agricultural Community — Old Settlers Sur-
viving in 18761— Sketches of Some of the Early Settlers.
CHAPTER XXV— OXFORD TOWNSHIP 298
Physical Description of the Township — Organization of the Township — The
Zane Trace — First Settlement in the Township— Platting of Fairview— Post-
office — Mayors — Business Interests.
CHAPTER XXVI— LIBERTY TOWNSHIP 303
Organization— A Good Agricultural Section — A Contented People — Old Resi-
dents— Towns and Villages — Kimbolton — Business Interests.
CHAPTER XXVII— RICHLAND TOWNSHIP 306
Description of Township — Early Settlers — Towns and Villages — Lore City —
Incorporation and Town Officers — Senecaville — Incorporation — Business Inter-
ests in 1910 — Early Conditions and Events.
CHAPTER XXVIII— MILLWOOD TOWNSHIP 311
Area — Rich in Agricultural and Mineral Resources — Aged Early Settlers Sur-
viving in 1S76 — Prominent Families — True Pioneer Hall^Shroud and Coffin-
Towns and Villages — Millwood, now Quaker City— Salesville — Its Inception
—Present History— Business Factors— Incorporation of Quaker City— Present
Business Interests — Town Officers.
CHAPTER XXIX— MONROE TOWNSHIP 320
Formerly a Part of Jefferson Township — Area — Drainage — New Birmingham
— Pioneers Surviving in 1876.
CHAPTER XXX— MADISON TOWNSHIP 322
Organization— First Election — List of Aged Pioneers in 1876 — Edward Bratton,
the First White Settler— Other Pioneers.
CHAPTER XXXI— SPENCER TOWNSHIP 324
Organization and First Election — Boundary — Irrigation and Drainage — Pio-
neer Names — First Settlers — Town of Cumberland — Facts of Interest — Busi-
ness Factors in 1910.
CHAPTER XXXII— WHEELING TOWNSHIP 329
Boundary and Area— Streams and Road3— First Settler— The Pioneer Band —
Town of Guernsey — Bird's Run — A Strange Natural Formation.
CHAPTER XXXIII— WESTLAND TOWNSHIP 332
One of the Original Townships — Physical Characteristics— Early Settlers^
survivors in 1876.
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER XXXIV— LONDONDERRY TOWNSHIP 335
Area and Boundary — Old Residents in 1S76 — Platting of Londonderry — Early
Organization of Quakers— Early-day School Facilities.
CHAPTER XXXV— WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP 337
Boundary— Drainage — A Good Agricultural Section— Its Early Settlers — Levi
Williams, the Pioneer — Towns and Villages — Antrim — Winchester.
CHAPTER XXXVI— WILLS TOWNSHIP 341
Location — Well Watered1— Prominent Early Settlers Surviving in the Centen-
nial Year — Woolen Factory — Pioneers — Towns and Villages of the Township —
Elizabethtown— Washington*— Present Officers and Population— Present Busi-
ness Interests — An Early Sketch — Originally Called Beymerstown— Frankfort
—Village of Derwent — Formerly a Sheep-Raising District.
CHAPTER XXXVIP— VALLEY TOWNSHIP 349
Organization and Location — A Rich Mineral Section— First Settlers — Pleasant
City— Its History, as Told by Ahe T. Secrest — Business Factors of 1910 — Mu-
nicipal History — Buffalo (old Hartford) — Old Mills — Fire— Present Interests.
CHAPTER XXXVIII— MISCELLANEOUS EVENTS OF INTEREST 357
Unique Advertisements — A Slave Case — The "Underground Railroad" — Some
Peculiar Notices — Siamese Twins — Cambridge Markets in 1837 and 1S54 — Mar-
ket Prices at Later Dates — Present Prices — California Gold Fever Here — The
Pennyroyal Reunion Society" — A Curious Old Paper — Early Highway Rob-
bery— Henry Clay in Cambridge — Colonel Sarchet's Birthday Banquet — Early
Guernsey County Marriages — A Human Team — Meteoric Shower of 1833 — Cy-
clones— Hail Storm in 1S20 — Cold Weather Statistics — Oldest Man in the
County — Grave Robbing — The First Mails — Daring Mail Robbery — Postoffices
in 1895 — Guernsey County's Man-Woman- — Days of Mourning — Death of Presi-
dent Harrison — President Lincoln's Assassination — Death of President Gar-
field— President Grant's Memorial Services — Death of President McKinley —
Sarchet Brothers and Their Bible — An Old Bridge.
CHAPTER XXXIX— GENERAL REMINISCENCES. 393
Pioneer Incidents— Salt for Wheat— The Old Mill— Flour and Salt— Pack Sad-
dle— An Indian Wedding*— Early Whiskey-dog Trial — County's Pioneers — Local
Historical Sketch — Early Days on Wills Creek — Sarchet Gives Some History
— General Jackson's Visit to Cambridge — "From Hen to Mouth" — The Old
i-'ike and Early Inns.
HISTORICAL INDEX
A
Academy, Cambridge 134
Acorn Chapter, O. E. S 171
A Curious Editorial 220
A Curious Old Paper 372
Adams Township 281
Agricultural Interests 17S
Agricultural Societies 180
Agricultural Statistics 179
Aid Societies, Soldiers' 98
A Lost Town 44
Anderson Lodge, I. O. O. F 174
Anecdote of John McDonald 35
An Old Bridge 392
Antrim 340
A Peculiar Season 1S4
A Revolutionary Character SO
A Slave Case 358
Assassination of President Lincoln. 389
Assessments for 1S35 GI
Assessments for 1910 61
Associate Judges $2
A Terrible Death 278
Attorneys, List of 202
Auditors, County 82
Austin, Dr. Charles R 210
B
Baltimore & Ohio Railroad 194
Bank Failures 238
Bank of Cumberland 235
Banks and Banking 224
Baptist Church 103
Bar of Guernsey County 197
Battle of Point Pleasant 32
Benevolent and Protective Order of
Elks 170
Beymerstown 340
Bible, Sarchet Brothers' 392
Birthday Banquet, Colonel Sarchet's 370
Black Hawk 2G4
Bolan, Dr. William K 208
Boom the Town 271
Boundaries of Guernsey County .... 25
Bouquet's Expedition 31
Bratton, Edward 323
British Acquire Ownership 3i>
Broadhead's Trail 27
Buffalo 350
Buffalo M. E. Church 145
Buffalo Presbyterian Church 152
Byesville 293
Byesville Banking 234
Byesville Baptist Church 105
Byesville, Business Directory 295
Byesville Catholic Church 147
Byesville Enterprise 222
Byesville, Incorporation of 293
Byesville Lodge, I. O. O. F 174
Byesville M. E. Church 142
Byesville M. P. Church 149
Byesville Postoffice 295
Byesville U. P. Church , 101
C
California Gold Fever 300
Cambridge Academy 134
Cambridge Baptist Church 103
Cambridge Catholic Church 140
Cambridge Cemeteries 2G0
Cambridge Chapter, R. A. M 109
Cambridge Commandery, K. T 109
Cambridge, Early History 247
Cambridge Encampment, P. M 173
Cambridge Episcopal Church 159
Cambridge E. L. Church 155
Cambridge Fire 276
Cambridge, First Settlers 247
Cambridge Herald 220
Cambridge, Industries of 273
Cambridge Loan and Building Com-
pany 237
Cambridge, Location of 245
Cambridge Lodge, B. P. O E 170
Cambridge Lodge, F. & A. M 16S
Cambridge Lodge, I. O O. F 173
HISTORICAL INDEX.
Cambridge Lodge, K. P 1'*
Cambridge Markets, 1837 305
Cambridge Markets, 1854 304
Cambridge, Mayors of 2o7
Cambridge M. E. Church 138
Cambridge M. P. Church 147
Cambridge, Municipal History 257
Cambridge Newsboy 271
Cambridge Postoffice 253
Cambridge Presbyterian Church 149
Cambridge Public Library 258
Cambridge Savings Bank 233
Cambridge Schools 120
Cambridge Scouts 101
Cambridge Seminary 134
Cambridge Soldiers' Monument 113
Cambridge Township 284
Cambridge U. B. Church 155
Cambridge U. P. Church 160
Campaign of 1S40 65
Campaign of 1844 68
Captain Beatty's Company 92
Captain Beymer's Company 90
Captain Martin's Company 91
Catholic Church 146
Cemeteries at Cambridge 2C0
Central National Bank 232
Central Ohio Railroad 194
Centre Township 285
Children's Home 59
Christian Church 145
Church History 138
Citizens Savings Bank 232
City of Cambridge 245
Civil "War 94
Civil War Vote 71
Clark, George Rogers 32
Claysville M. E. Church 144
Clerks of Court 82
Cleveland & Marietta Railroad 195
Coal Mines, Description of 241
Cold Weather Statistics 383
College, Madison 135
Colonial Ohio Land Company 30
Commencement, First 130
Commissioners, County 84
Congressmen 70
Cook, Murder of Marshal 97
Coroners 86
County Auditors 82
County Commissioners 84,
County Government 53
County Infirmary 58
County Jail 58
County Officers, First 53
County's Pioneers 397
County Recorders 83
County-seat Question 54
County Surveyors 83
County Treasurers 80
Court House, First 55
Court House, Present 50
Court Officers 202
Cumberland 327
Cumberland Baptist Church 105
Cumberland Chapter, O. E. S 172
Cumberland Echo 222
Cumberland Lodge, F. & A. M 170
Cumberland Lodge, I. O. O. F 174
Cumberland M. E. Church 143
Cumberland Presbyterian Church .. 152
Cumberland Presbyterian Church... 154
Cumberland Savings Bank 235
Cyclones 381
D
Daughters of Rebekah 174
Days of Mourning 389
Death of President Garfield 390
Death of President Harrison 389
Death of President McKinley 391
Death Sentences 198
Deeds, Early 249
Defalcation, Treasury 02
Derwent 347
Discipline, Pioneer School 132
Drafts for Military Service 97
Drainage of Guernsey County 25
E
Earliest Physicians 212
Early Business Prospects 250
Early Days on Wills Creek 415
Early Deeds 249
Early Guernsey County Physicians. . 210
Early Highway Robbery 373
Early Inns 419
Early Lawyers 199
Early Marriages 379
Early River Venture 193
Early Settlement of County 40
HISTORICAL INDEX.
Educational Development 117
Elizabethtown 344
Episcopal Church 159
Evangelical Lutheran Church 155
Expedition by Bouquet : . 31
F
Fairview 301
Farview, Business Interests of 302
Fairview, Mayors of 3(11
Fairview U. P. Church 102
Fire of 1S95 277
First Colored Jury 198
First Commencement 130
First County Officers 53
First Court House 55
First Flat Boat 190
First Free School 117
First Grand Jury 198
First Mails 386
First National Bank, Byesville 234
First National Bank, Senecaville ... 230
First Steamboat on Wills Creek.... 192
First Telegraph 250
First Volunteers 95
Flag Poles, Old-time 09
Flour and Salt 394
Frankfort 347
Free and Accepted Masons 107
Free School, First 117
French Assert Ownership 30
Friends Church 145
"From Hen to Mouth" 419
G
Garfield, President, Death of 390
Golden Rod Templef R. S 175
Gold Fever 300
Good Fleeces 180
Goshen Baptist Church 105
Government, County 53
Grand Army of the Republic 116
Grant. President, Memorial Services 390
Grave Robbing 3S5
Graves, Soldiers' 115
Gubernatorial Vote 75
Guernsey 330
Gurnsey Building and Loan Company 234
Guernsey Capter, O. E. S 170
Guernsey Council, R. & S. M 109
(2)
Guernsey County Agricultural So-
ciety 180
Guernsey County, Boundaries " 25
Guernsey County, Drainage of 20
Guernsey County, Organization of . . 38
Guernsey County's First Bank 228
Guernsey County Soldiers 97
Guernsey County, Topography of 25
Guernsey Lodge, F. & A. M 107
Guernsey National Bank 232
Guernsey Times 215
H
Hail Storm 383
Harmony E. L. Church 158
Harrison, President, Death of 389
Hartford 350
Henry Clay, Visit of 375
Highway Robbery 373
Hill, Dr. Noah 209
Historical Sketch 413
Holmes, Dr. Harry W 209
Home, Children's 59
Human Team 379
Hunt, Dr. Samuel 208
I
Important Events 204
Incorporated Towns 44
Independent Order of Odd Fellows . . 173
Indian Camp 33
Indian Disturbances 31
Indian History 32
Indian Occupancy 30
Indian Treaty 32
Indian Wedding 395
Indians, Removal of 32
Industrial Cambridge 273
Infirmary 5s
Infirmary Directors So
J
Jackson, General. Visit of 418
Jackson Township 291
Jail 58
Jefferson Township 288
Jim Lyons 35
Judges, Associate 82
Judges, Probate 86
Justices of the Peace 199
HISTORICAL INDEX.
K
Kackley, Dr. Jonathan A 209
Keenan's Hospital 214
Kimbolton 305
Kimbolton M. E. Church 144
Knights of Pythias 174
Knox Township 296
L
Lawyers. Present 202
Leaving County With Flat Boat 192
Lebanon U. P. Church 162
Liberty 305
Liberty Township 303
Life of the Pioneers 47
Lincoln, Assassination of 389
Londonderry Township 335
Long-ago Incidents 268
Lore City 307
Lore City Lodge, I. O. O. F 174
Lore City M. E. Church 144
Lore City Presbyterian Church 152
Lorenzo Dow 266
Luccock, Naphtali 66
Mc
McDonald, Anecdote of Col. John... 35
McKinley, President, Death of 391
McKinley, Visit to 72
McNeil, Archie 424
M
Macedonia Baptist Church 164
Madison College 135
Madison Township 322
Mail Robbery 387
Mails, The First 386
Man-Woman, Guernsey County's 387
Market House, The Old 251
Market Prices 365
Marriages. Early 379
Masonic Calendar 172
Masonic Order 167
Masonic Temple 172
Medical Advertising 205
Medical Profession 203
Medical Societies 213
Metcalf 's Tavern 2 46
Meteoric Shower .' 380
Methodist Episcopal Church 13S
Methodist Protestant Church 147
Mexican War 94
Midnight Fire 277
Military Drafts 97
Military History of County 88
Military Land District 38
Miller, Dr. Thomas J 209
Millwood Township 311
Mines and Mining 239
Mines, Description of 241
Mining Accidents 240
Mining Statistics 240
Miscellaneous Events 357
Monroe Township 320
Monument, Soldiers' 113
Morgan's Raid 98
Murder of Marshal Cook 97
Mystic Shrine 170
N
Names of Streams 26
Names, Origin of 28
National Bank of Cambridge 229
Natural Gas 244
National Road 185
Newspapers of the County 215
New Washington 18 7
O
Ohio River & Western Railroad 196
Old Bank Detector 225
Oldest House in Cambridge 245
Oldest Man in the County 385
Old Market House 251
Old-time Flag Poles 69
Old-Time Values 226
Old Wills Creek Bridge 270
Organization of County 38
Original Townships 39
Origin of Names 28
Otterbein U. B. Church 154
Oxford Township 298
P
Pack Saddle 395
Pennsylvania Railroad 195
Pennyroyal Reunion Society 369
People's Bank 234
Physicians, Present-day 212
Pioneer Doctors 204
Pioneer School Discipline 132
Pioneers, County's 397
HISTORICAL INDEX.
Pioneers, Life of the 47
Pleasant City 350
Pleasant City Chapter, O. E. S 172
Pleasant City B. L. Church 156
Pleasant City Lodge, K. P 175
Pleasant City M. E. Church 145
Pleasant City Recorder 222
Pleasant Hill U. P. Church 162
Point Pleasant, Battle of 32
Point Pleasant Lodge, F. & A. M... 171
Postoffice at Cambridge 25iJ
Postoffices 3S7
Presbyterian Church 149
Present Court House 56
Present Court Officers 202
Present-day Physicians 212
Present Lawyers 202
Presidential Vote 75
Princes of Jerusalem 170
Probate Judges 86
Prohibition, Vote on 74
Prosecuting Attorneys 86
Public Library 258
Q
Quaker City 317
Quaker City Chapter, O. E. S 172
Quaker City Christian Church 145
Quaker City Independent 223
Quaker City Lodge, F. & A. M 171
Quaker City Lodge, K. P 176
Quaker City M. E. Church 144
Quaker City National Bank 236
Quakers 145
R
Raid, Morgan's OS
Railroad Era 194
Railways 185
Rathbone Sisters 175
Recorders, County 83
Recorder's Record 60
Record of Recorder 60
Regimental Printer 98
Religious Worship 262
Reminiscences 393
Representatives 78
Richland Township 306
Robbery, Early Highway 373
St. Benedict's Catholic Church 146
Salesville 315
Salesville M. E. Church 143
Salt for Wheat 393
Salt Manufactory 243
Sarchet, Colonel, Birthday Banquet. 376
Sarchet Family Bible 392
Schools, Cambridge 126
School Discipline, Pioneer 132
School Statistics 133
Scott, Dr. Winfield 210
Second Baptist Church 163
Second U. B. Church 155
Second U. P. Church 16U
Secret Societies 167
Seminary, Cambridge 134
Senators, State 78
Seneca Lodge, K. P 176
Senecaville 308
Senecaville Lodge, I. O. O. F 174
Senecaville Lutheran Church 157
Senecaville M. E. Church 145
Senecaville Presbyterian Church 153
Settlement, Early 46
Seven Ranges ISO
Sheep Industry 179
Sheriffs 81
Shroud and Coffin 314
Siamese Twins 363
Simons, Dr. Charles P 208
Soldiers' Aid Societies 98
Soldiers from Guernsey County 97
Soldiers' Graves 115
Soldiers' Monument 113
Soldiers of 1812 90, 93
Some Peculiar Notices 361
Spanish-American War 112
Spencer's Station 315 ■
Spencer Township 324
State Senators 78
Streams, Names of 26, 29
Surveyors, County 83
T
Telegraph, First in Cambridge 256
Temperance Movements 262
The Jeffersonian 215
The Old Pike 185, 189, 419
HISTORICAL INDEX.
The Old Mill 393
The RepublicmirPress 219
Toll Gate Statistics 189
Tom Thumb 265
Topography of Guernsey County.... 25
Town Plats 41
Townships, Organization of 39, 54
Townships, Original 39
Treasurers, County Sti
Treasury Defalcation 62
U
Underground Railroad 358
Union School 127
Unique Advertisements 357
United Brethren Church 154
United Presbyterian Church 160
V
Valley Township 349
Visit to McKinley 72
Vote, Gubernatorial 75
Vote in 1824 65
Vote on Prohibition 74
Vote, Presidential 75
Volunteers, First 95
W
Wall, Dr. Andrew 206
Washington 344
Washington Fair 183
Washington, George 31
Washington M. E. Church 145
Washington Presbyterian Church... 153
Washington Republican 215
Washington Township 337
Washington U. P. Church 161
Water Navigation 185
Weather Statistics 383
Westland Township 332
Wheeling Road 1S6
Wheeling Township 329
Whipping Post 248
Whiskey-dog Trial 396
Whittier, Andrew 89
William Henry Harrison, Visit of.. 267
Wills Creek Bridge 270
Wills Creek, Early Days on 415
Wills Township 341
Winchester 34U
Wool Industry 179
Wounded Deer 49
Z
Zane's Trace 27, 186
BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX
Abels, James D old
Adair, William J 71':;
Albin, Perry M 531
Allison, Richard M 907
Amos, John M 544
Anderson, Charles M SIS
Anderson, John 813
Anderson, Matthias C S13
Arbuckle, Alexander W 725
Arndt, David 608
Arndt, Howard W 608
Atkins, Robert H 791
Atkins, Robert N 59a
Ault, Charles M 650
Austin, Charles R 7S3
B
Bair. James G 505
Banta, Charles Levi 517
Barber, Nathan H 894,
Barnes, John W 670
Barr, James R 926
Bayless, Osmond M 533
Beckett, John C 477
Bell, Oscar 0 604
Bell, William H 674
Bennett, Arthur J 625
Berry, John S 909
Berry, Oscar J 758
Bierly, William F 492
Bird, Frank E...' 852
Black, Archibald L 7S7
Blair, William H 839
Bond, John H 685
Bonnell, Thomas A 4S2
Bostwick, John A 554
Bostwick, Nathan 555
Bown, Herbert H 529
Braden, Daniel E S99
Bradford, William X 654
Bratton, John B 770
Bratton, Samuel, Jr 511
Brown, J. Marshall 550
Brown, Turner G 889
Brown, William H 648
Bruner, John L 600
Burgess, Samuel M 494
Burt, David S 72s
Burt, John M 762
C
Cain, Albert R 672
Cale, John W 801
Campbell, James W 468
Carnes, Samuel C 578
Carter, Samuel 610
Casey, Charles L 501
Catholic Church in Guernsey County. 480
Clark, John Bargar 945
Clark, Richard J 572
Clark, Stephen B 519
Clark, Thomas C 571
Cochran, Alexander 615
Coen, Alexander L 596
Combs, James G 822
Combs, John M Sll
Conner, Silas W 60S
Conroy, Dennis 967
Cowden, David L 919
Cowden. William N 919
Craig, Samuel A 662
Cubbison, James 588
Cuhbison, Pulaski 5S7
D
Davis, Carson B SOU
Davis, William H GSS
Davis, William H., Jr 776
Deselm, Wilbur D 7S6
Dickersou, George W 715
Dilley, Ephraim M \77
Dilley, James L S34
Dollison. Joseph B G27
Dowdall, William W «7:;
Druesedow. Anton E 097
Dyson, Joseph W 520
UOCKAPHICAL INDEX.
Eagleson, Alexander G bi9
Eagleson, Thomas 534
Eagleton, William 913
Eagleton, John 913
Eaton, James E 612
Eaton, Philip W 606
Enos, Benjamin F 515
Evans, William P 830
F
Fairchild, John T 861
Ferguson, Ira 503
Ferguson, Joseph B 629
Finley, John F 778
Finley, Samuel A 777
Fishel, John B 774
Forbes, Robert S 786
Forsythe, Homer A 901
Forsythe, William R 923
Fowler, Thomas W 951
Frame, Roland S 793
Frost, John W. . : 622
Frye, Charles W 771
Frye, George W 581
Frye, Henry F 760
Frye, William K 761
G
Gable, John E 496
Galbraith, Henry) <P -. S28i
Gander, David C 710
Gander, Homer S 707
Gibson, William H 619
Graham, Richard C 552
Grant, John Roland 961
Green, Elmer E 932
Green, Fred F 870
Green, James 931
Green, Willoughby B 937
Gregg. John B 537
Gregg, William D 589
Gregg, William J 590
Groves, Samuel C 773
H
Hall. Edward 911
Hall, Isaac W 58*
Hall. John R 5S5
Hartley, Leon C 929
Hartley, Milton L 929
Hawes, James F 779
Hawes, Joseph 78"
Hayman, Jacob H 6x2
Heade, Wilson S 521
Heaume, William E 528
Heiner, Charles A 722
Henderson, James C 790
Hilderbrand, Benjamin 1 858
Hoopman, Elijah B 750
Hoopman, James A 750
Hoopman. Parmer E 757
Hoopman. William H 512
Hunt, William A 789
Hutton, William A .874
Hyatt, John H 940
Hyatt, Noah 947
J
Jackson, Coleman B 881
Jackson, Samuel 740
Jenkins, David J 884
Johnson, Samuel M 042
Johnston, Andrew S. T 597
Johnston, Francis 597
Johnston, Willard B 024
Johnston, William F 921
Joyce, Benjamin B 558
K
Kaho, George S 095
Keenan, Isaac W 500
Koontz, Henry A 802
Koren, Joseph 812
L
Laughlin, James 854
Lawyer, William M 524
Lee, Benjamin F SS2
Lepage, Nathaniel 837
Linkhorn, L. S 70S
Linn, David 548.
Lofland, Gordon 480
Lowry, Orlando F 514
Luccock, Howard W 050
Lynch, Edward S45
Me
McBurney, James R 007
McConnell, John M 579
McCourt, James 737
McCracken, Alexander 8C8
McCreary, James H 090
McCreary, John L 781
BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX.
MeCulloeh, Allen R S9S
Mcllyar, Clyde R G59
McKim, Martin V 017
McKinley, Thomas W 717
McMillen, George A 700
M
Mahaffey, John P 498
Marsh, D. Dillon 640
Mathews, Edward W., Jr 500
Mathews, Edward W., Sr 405
Meek, Erastus F S24
Merry, Abraham M 908
Millhone, Elijah S71
Moore, Andrew Bines S32
Moore, Hiram K. '. S96
Moore, Isaac 70S
Moore, James W S7S
Moore, Robert B 798
Moore, Ross 527
Moore, Thomas 1 708
Moore, "Wiley 0 57(J
Moorhead, Joel 539
Moorhead. John S 843
Morgan, John H 484
Morton, Isaac 033
Moser, William M 831
Murray, Alexander R 031
Murray, James G31
N
Nash, John H 735
Neeland, Elijah 705
Nelson, Edwin M 680
Nichols, W. G 972
Nicholson, Andrew W 747
Nicholson, Jacob 800
Nicholson. John L S09
Nicholson, John R 755
Nicholson, Ulysses G 749
Nosset, David W 5G4
O
Orr, Charles A 508
Ogier, John, Jr 541
Oldham, Isaac. A S85
Oldham, Isaac J 609
Orr. James Clinton 507
P
Patton, James E 543
People's Bank, Pleasant City 493
Peters, James B 952
Pitt, Albert E M0
Potts, Benjamin 0 077
Pryor, James A 820
Purdum, U. C 540
Purdum, Zaehary 540
Pyles. Thomas 943
R
Ramsey, William T 784
Rankin, Daniel L 804
Reasoner, Lynn S 035
Reasoner, Thomas H 030
Reynolds, John 001
Riddle, Lincoln 0 759
Riggs, Eugene C *87
Ringer, Arthur G 607
Robins, James E 583
Robins, John, Sr 5S3
Robins, Martin L 584
Rogers, Lawson A 815
Rogers, Lilburn C 940
Rosemond Family 933
Rosemond, Fred L : 930
S
St. Benedict's Catholic Church 480
Salladay, George 507
Salladay, Jacob W 910
Salladay, Lewis F 573
Salladay, Warren 574
Sarchet, Cyrus P. B 403
Sarchet Family 457
Sarchet, Moses 46'2
Sarchet, Thomas, Sr 458
Schick Brothers 949
Schick, Frank L, Jr 950
Schick, Frank L, Sr 949
Schick, John B 951
Scott, Nathan B 733
Scott, Robert T 8G6
Secrest, George M 792
Secrest, Harrison 851
Secrest, Jacob F 591
Secrest, James M 850
Secrest, James W sos
Secrest, Noah E 739
Secrest, Noah E 713
Secrest, William 795
Shaw, George R 727
Shepler, Robert 1 705
Sheppard, Benjamin F 470
J-.KXiKAPIUCAL INDEX.
Sheppard, Charles S C02
Sheppard, William S 970
Sherby, Michael 5G2
Shriver, John W 692
Shriver, Mark Gordon 699
Shriver, Michael E (598
Siegfried, Jacob B 536
Siens, Milton H 557
Simpson, William L, G21
Skinner, James A G47
Smith, Ernest W 724
Smith, Frank R 509
Smith, George M 942
Smith, Jeremiah R 8G9
Spaid, Chaise J 971
Spaid, James E 859
Spaid, Thomas A 702
Stage, William M 827
Stage, William S S27
Stevens, Alpheus L 472
Stewart, James B 574
Stone, ^Elias D S4S
Stout, George H 924
Strauch, Matthew 719
Stubbs, Isaac E G52
Suitt, William C G65
T
Taylor, Alexander A 904
Taylor, David D 592
Taylor, Joseph D 953
Taylor, Orlamdo R S42
Temple. Edward 704
Temple, Lafayette 704
Temple, William 704
Thompson, Bert M 473
Thompson, Ebenezer F S29
Thompson, John A 864
Thompson, William 829
Trenner, Benjamin G93
Trenner, George S G44
Trenner, Obediah E 847
Trott, Elza D 752
True, Alfred J 565
Turner, George 488
Turner, William H 488
U
Upton, William H 47G
V
Vankirk, Samuel C 917
Veitch, Henry H S91
Vessels, John A 9G5
Vorhies, Elmer E 892
W
Wagner, Rev. J. H 480
Wall, Andrew 720
Warne, Clinton D G91
White, Isaac N 670
Williams, Henry L 523
Williams, Robert N 743
Wills, Theodore M 85G
Wilson, Henry H 638
Wilson, James M 963
Wilson, Samuel, Sr 638
Wilson, William C 964
Wilson, William H 5G9
Wires, John 731
Woodworth, Henry P 902
Wycoff, Albert E 714
Y
Yeo, William B 741
Young, Ora F 712
Z
Zahniser. Robert W 915
HISTORICAL.
CHAPTER I.
TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY NATURAL FEATURES.
Guernsey county is bounded on the north by Tuscarawas and Harrison
counties, on the east by Belmont county, on the south by Noble and on the
west by Muskingum and Coshocton counties. Its soil is derived chiefly from
the underlying rocks, which are mostly shales or sandstone. Except on the
eastern borders, where the limestone at the base of the upper coal measure is
reached, this applies where the soil is loose and thin. In some places it
affords barely enough hold for the growth of grasses on the steep hillsides.
A very small portion of the lands in the count}' were uncultivated later than
1880. It has every facility for a good dairy section, and to this many have,
of late years, turned their attention with much profit. Its many springs and
cooling streams make it an ideal country for this branch of farm industry.
Sheep also do well and long years since the county ranked third and fourth
of all the counties in Ohio in the production of sheep and wool.
The county, generally speaking, is very hilly and uneven in its topog-
raph)-. It has been rightly termed "up hill and down hill" in its make-up.
The highest ground is in the northwest and southwest portions. Four miles
out of this county — over in Muskingum county — west from Spencer town-
ship, Guernsey county, is situated High hill, the highest isolated point in
Ohio, though in Logan county the general altitude is greater. There is a
romantic appearance to the general topography here. Strange to say, there
are no valleys but those shut in and surrounded by other hills and valleys.
There are quiet dells, retiring far between the swelling hills, and this makes
the whole scene one of beauty and charm to the passer-by. The slopes afford
good pasture, and in many instances the hillsides are covered with fine vine-
yards. The best mines in the count}- are located in the southern part. The
southwestern section affords an excellent farming country, and many years
ago this was noted for its wealth of livestock and prosperous farmers.
2b GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
The drainage of the county is by the valley of Wills creek, a branch of
the Muskingum river. . The headwaters of Wills creek include the well-
known streams or creeks, Leathenvood, Crooked creek, Salt fork, Bushy
creek, and Sugar Tree fork, Leathenvood being the larger of these tributaries.
Wills creek flows from its headwaters in Noble county, through the entire
length of Guernsey, emptying into the Muskingum near the corners of Musk-
ingum and Coshocton counties. All other streams in this section of Ohio
How toward the south, but Wills creek flows north — away from the Ohio. It
is a sluggish stream, following a tortuous course, north and south, through
the western part of the county, with scarcely a foot fall per mile — hence its
sluggishness. Its numerous tributaries form a complete network throughout
the entire county. The soil through Which Wills creek flows is yellowish,
hence the yellow appearance of this stream everywhere it meanders.
The county abounds in a good grade of both lime and sandstone and
valuable clays; it also has an abundance of excellent timber, though much
of the original forests have been long ago cut and sawed, leaving, how-
ever, a good supply for the present and oncoming generations. Beech,
poplar, sycamore, oak, chestnut, maple, elm and ash are among the valua-
ble varieties of timber growing.
Coal, which is mentioned in the Mining chapter, underlies almost every
portion of the county and has come to be the most paying branch of Guern-
sey county's industries. Salt can be had by boring wells, which was done at
a very early date in the history of the county.
Nature, everywhere within the confines of this county, smiles on man
and yields up her treasures of soil and mineral wealth. The landscape
certainly is one "ever a feast to the eye." and is admired by resident and
stranger alike. Wlien the spring buds put forth, there is a sweetness in the
atmosphere one seldom finds elsewhere. When autumn puts on her robes
of beauty and silently glides winterward, no finer hues and brilliant com-
mingling of forest leaves can be seen on the continent. While there are
many countries with a deeper, richer soil, and where the raising of crops
can lie carried on with less work and more profit, there are few better coun-
tries for the general resources that go toward making man happy and con-
tented with what nature has given him.
The following interesting items concerning the streams of this county
and their names are from the pen of Hon. William M. Farrar: The streams
of Guernsey county come somewhat curiously by their names, as Leather-
wood, from a bush having a tough, leathery bark used by the pioneers for
many useful purposes; Yoker. from the yoker brush that grows along its
GUERNSEV COUNTYj OHIO. -'7
banks; Wills creek, from Wills river, Maryland; Crooked creek, from its
winding course; Little and Big Skull forks, from the fact that in early times
the Indians, having made one of their raids into the white settlements east
of the Ohio river, were returning" with their prisoners, among whom were
a mother and infant child; being pursued, they first killed the infant and
left the body to he devoured by the wolves, who left no remains hut the lit-
tle skull; farther on the mother was killed, and in like manner devoured by
the wolves, leaving only the skull. These skulls were found by the pursuing
whites on the hanks of the streams which thus received their respective
names. Another stream is named Indian Camp, from one of their camping
grounds.
The settlement of the county was curious, in that settlers from so many
different districts met here. The Virginians and Guernseymen met at Wills
creek; the Yankees, from Massachusetts, and western Pennsylvanians, in the
southwest; Quakers, from North Carolina and Chester county, Pennsylva-
nia, in the southeast; the Irish, in the northern and western townships. A
settlement from Xew Jersey extends into two townships, while there are
families, descendants of the Hessians, in the southern part of the county,
that came in through Virginia and Maryland settlements. The youngest
daughter of General Stark, of the Revolution, died in this county, aged
ninety-nine years.
The man who wields the second oar in the painting of "Perry's Vic-
tory." in the rotunda of the Ohio State House, was a Guernsey county man
known as "Fighting Bill" Reed. He was of Virginia or Pennsylvania
stock, who learned the hlacksmith trade of William McCracken, of Cam-
bridge.
General Broadhead's trail in his Coshocton campaign in 1781 against
the Indians is distinctly marked through the county. There were no Indian
villages in this region, it being the hunting ground of parties that hunted
and fished along the principal streams.
In 1798 "Zane's Trace" w^as cut through the county. When Zane's
party arrived at Wills creek crossing they found the government surveyors
busy surveying the United States military lands. They had a camp on its
banks. At this time the only dwelling between Wheeling and Lancaster was
at Zanesville. The Zanes were from the south branch of the Potomac, near
Wills river, Maryland, and hence gave the name Wills creek to the stream.
So far as known. Ebenezer Zane's party consisted of himself, his brother,
Jonathan Zane, John Mclntire, Joseph Worley, Levi Williams, and an
Indian guide named Tomepomehala.
28 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Wills creek is a sluggish stream with a clay bottom, and, choked up as
it was at that day with driftwood and rubbish, was a difficult crossing, and
the Zanes, in compliance with the requirements of the act to establish and
maintain ferries at the principal crossings, probably induced a man by the
name of Graham to establish one there. It was the first stream west of
Wheeling on the "Trace" over which they placed a ferry. Who this first
ferryman was or where from is not known. He remained about two years,
and was succeeded by George Beymer, from Somerset, Pennsylvania, a broth-
er-in-law of John Mclntire, of Zane's party. Mclntire was a brother-in-
law of Ebenezer Zane. Both of these persons kept a house of entertain-
ment and a ferry for travelers on their way to Kentucky and other parts
of the West. Mr. Beymer, in April, 1803. gave up his tavern to John Beatty,
who moved in from Loudoun county, Virginia. Beatty's family consisted
of eleven persons. Among these was Wyatt Hutchinson, who later kept a
tavern in the town. The Indians then hunted in this vicinity, and often en-
camped on the creek. In June, 1806, Cambridge was laid out. and on the
day the lots were first offered for sale, several families from the British
isle of Guernsey, near the coast of France, stopped here and purchased lands.
These were followed by other families, amounting in all to some fifteen or
twenty, from the same island, all of whom, settling in the county, gave origin
to its present name. Among the heads of these families were William Ogier,
Thomas Naftel, Thomas Lanfisty, James Bichard, Charles and John Mar-
quand, John Robbins, Daniel Ferbrache, Peter, Thomas and John Sarchet
and Daniel Hubert.
ORIGIN OF SOME GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES,
(From Col. C. P. B. Sarchet's Writings.)
There is a significance about names both historical and otherwise. We
know that Millwood township was first settled by Quakers, and that your
beautiful city was first called Millwood. The name now, Quaker City, is
appropriate, but because the W'ebsters built a mill on Leatherwood. didn't
give it the name of Millwood. The reason for the name is farther back in
history. Who knows? Coming down to Salesville, we know that the Brills
and Williams were first settlers there, and that Brillsburg and Williamstown
would have been appropriate names, but the name is farther back. Who
knows? There have been some stories written about the "Leatherwood God"
Dylks. We wrote one of these. We placed him as entering unseen into the
old loo "Temple" north of Salesville. Another writer says he made his ap-
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 20.
pearance at a camp meeting held near the "Miller meeting house." There
is no question but there was a Dylks, but where the "God" appeared ought to
be definitely located; whether on the mountain top or in the vale, who knows?
At the first Pennyroyal Reunion, the late Hon. Newell Kennon gave
some historical reminiscences. lie said that the contractor who built the
old stone church, tor the Reformed Associate Presbyterian church, in which
Dr. Samuel Lindsey ministered so long, placed a jug' of whisky, and that
when tlie church was torn down, the workmen found the jug and the whisky
in a high state of preservation. "They drank the whisky, hut 1 don't know
what became of the jug." Now it would not do to say Presbyterianism about
Fairview had for its cornerstone a jug" of whisk}', but it was put there for
some reason by the contractor. So it is sometimes with history. A part is
given and the other is lost.
Leatherwood creek was named from a peculiar bush that grew along its
hanks that was as pliable as leather, and was used as withes by the early set-
tlers, Beaver creek, because of the beavers and beayer dams along- it. Sen-
eca creek, from the oil that gathered on the salt water at the old Satter-
thwaite salt works (which was gathered by spreading clothes on the water
and then wringing out the oil, which was the same as the oil of Seneca Lake,
New York. This oil was used for medicinal purposes. In our boyhood we
took some dropped on loaf sugar, but would have preferred to mix the dose
ourself). Salt Fork creek, from the salt lick found at the covered bridge
on the National road, where the old Moore salt works were located. Buf-
falo creek, from the many evidences of buffalo trails and stamps found near
them. A legend is that the Indians had captured a woman and child, and
on being pursued, had first killed the child, and later the mother. The child's
skull was found near Little Skull fork and the mother's near Big Skull fork.
CHAPTER 11.
INDIAN OCCUPANCY TERRITORY ACQUIRED BY WHITE MEN.
La Salle, the famous adventurer and explorer, was beyond much doubt
the first white man to tread the soil of what we now call Ohio. With a feu-
followers and led by Indian guides, he penetrated the vast country then held
by that powerful tribe of North American Indians known as the Iroquois and
went down the Ohio as far as the "Falls," or where the city of Louisville
now stands. There his band abandoned him and he traced his steps back
north alone. This, it is believed, was in the winter of 1669-70 — two hundred
and forty years ago — and this was more than a hundred years before Mari-
etta, Ohio, was settled by the white race. This daring French explorer
doubtless camped at the mouth of the Muskingum river. In 1682 he reached
the Mississippi river, descended to its mouth, and there proclaimed possession
of the vast valley in the name of his king.
Prior to the middle of the eighteenth century, the French people re-
asserted their ownership of the Northwest and did actually take possession
of what is now the northern part of Ohio, building a fort and establishing
a trading station at Sandusky. Celeron de Bienville made a systematic ex-
ploration of the Ohio valley and formally declared by process verbal the
ownership of the soil. August 16, 1749. he was at the mouth of the Mus-
kingum river, which fact was revealed in 1798 by the discovery of a leaden
plate deposited by him and which set forth the exploration. The plate was
found protruding from a bank, after a freshet, by some boys, who cut away
a portion of its inscription, not knowing its great historic value. The same
was translated by William Woodbridge, later governor of Michigan. A
similar plate was found in 1846, at the mouth of the Kanawha. These were
to reassert the rights of the French government to this land. While the
French had a good title to this state, it was not long before it was wrested
from them by the British crown.
The Colonial Ohio Land Company was organized in Virginia in 1748.
by twelve associates, among whom were Thomas Lee and Lawrence Augus-
tine, brothers of George Washington. Under this company. Christopher
Gist explored the Ohio valley as far as the Falls. The company secured
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 3 1
a nival grant of half a million acres in the valley of the Ohio river. It was
intended to at once found a colony, but the French opposed it, and the royal
governor of Virginia sent George Washington, then a young man, to the
commander of the French forces to demand their reason for invasion of
British territory. Washington received an answer that was both haughty
and defiant. He returned and made his report to the governor, who aban-
doned the idea of making immediate settlement, but at once set about as-
serting the English claims by force of arms. The result was the union of the
■ colonies, the ultimate involvement of England in the war that ensued, the
defeat of the French, and the vesture in the British crown of the right and
title to Canada and of all the territory east of the Mississippi and south to
the Spanish possessions in the South. Ben Franklin had tried to effect a
union of the colonies, but was unsuccessful. He had proposed a plan of
settlement in 1754. and suggested that two colonies be located in the West —
one upon the Cuyahoga and the other on the Scioto, which tract he declared
had not its equal on the North American continent, having timber and coal
almost on the surface ready to mine.
But the English did little toward improving their title or effecting set-
tlement here in Ohio. George Washington made a journey down the Ohio
in 1770 with several others interested. He camped at Duck creek, as is shown
by his diary. Through his instrumentality, the western scheme was revived.
A large colony was formed, which included the old Ohio Company and the
Walpole scheme, as well as recognizing the bounty act of Virginia volunteers
in the French and Indian war. Had it not been for Indian troubles coming
on this would have been a wonderful success.
Col. Henry Bouquet had made the first English expedition into the
Ohio country in 1764. for the purpose of punishing the Indians and re-
covering from them the captives they had taken during the previous years
on the Pennsy+vania and Virginia borders. No blood was shed, the Indians
assenting to the terms offered them. The expedition was directed against
the Delawares upon the Tuscarawas and Muskingum. Bouquet obtained
two hundred captives at the hands of the savages, and returned to Fort
Pitt (Pittsburg) with an army of fifteen hundred men. For a time this
quieted the Indians of the Ohio country, and the next ten years passed peace-
fully.
But to resume the history first spoken of. The Shawnees had become
very hostile, on account of the prospect of their having to lose their lands
and because of the murder of Logan, the famous Mingo chief, who had
been dwelling with them at old Chillicothe. To quell the disturbance thus
2,2 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
arising. Lord Dunmore, royal governor of Virginia, organized an army of
invasion into the Indian country. He had command of one wing and en-
trusted the other wing to Gen. Andrew Lewis.
The forces of Lewis were attacked by the Indians, south of the Ohio
river, and the ensuing combat, known as the battle of Point Pleasant, was
one of the bloodiest in Indian border \varfare up to that date. Dunmore
did not get into a real engagement with his wing of the army. A treaty was
held at Camp Charlotte, in which all agreed but old Logan, the Mingo
chieftain, who there made the speech which all school boys used to delight
in reading and "speaking," being the most eloquent one ever coming from
the lips of an Indian, and equal, so Thomas Jefferson said, to any made by
classic scholars the world round.
The Revolution came on. and the West was no longer the scene of
military action. But a soldier who served under Dunmore, — George Rogers
Clark, — of whom the late lamented James A. Garfield remarked, "The
cession of that great territory, under the treaty of 1783, was due mainly to
his foresight and courage, and who has never received the adequate recogni-
tion due him for so great a service" — at the close of the Revolution was instru-
mental in making the Northwest territory a portion of the United States,
instead of leaving it to be possessed by the English, in the terms of peace
that were made. Had it not been for this, the Colonies would have been
owners only of the country east of the Alleghanies. unless the West should
be later conquered by them from the British. He sought out Governor
Patrick Henry, then governor of Virginia, who allowed him (Clark) to
raise seven companies of soldiers and to seize the British posts in the North-
west and this brought the territory rightfully into the territory agreed upon
when the treaty was finally effected between the Colonists and England. He
also made two other expeditions — both against Indians upon the Miamis — in
1780 and 1782.
Thus Ohio — a part of the. Northwest territory — became a part of the
United States and not held as a province of Great Britain.
INDIAN HISTORY.
In August. 1831, the first treaty for the removal of the Indians from
Ohio was made, and in September. 1832, the first removals were made by
David Robb and H. A. Workman. The tribes removed were Shawnees and
Senecas. David Robb had been a former prominent citizen and official of
Guernsey county, was sheriff and senator and representative in the Legisla-
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 33
hire and publisher and editor of The Washington Republican, the first Demo-
cratic paper of Guernsey county, published at Washington. He was appointed
Indian agent by President Jackson.
David Robb published a very interesting history of his connection with
the Indians as agent in The Belle Fountain Republican, and of his several
overland journeys with them to their new "hunting grounds" west of the
Mississippi river.
The last Indian tribe to be removed from Ohio was the Wyandottes.
Rev. James B. Finley, of the Methodist Episcopal church, was a missionary
among the Wyandottes, and gives in his autobiography many interesting
incidents of his connection with this tribe.
The Indians who lived in and fished in what are now the bounds of
Guernsey county were the Delawares, Shawnees, Senecas and Mingos.
These tribes had towns at the forks of the Muskingum. It is mistaken his-
tory when it is said that there were no Indian towns in Guernsey county.
There were at least five, Old Town, above Byesville, one at the Fish Basket,
north of Cambridge, one on Salt Fork creek, one on Indian Camp run, and
one on Bird's run. Many of the tribes referred to resorted to Guernsey
waters because of the fish they contained and of the riffles where they could
securely set their "fish baskets."
All of the Indians did not take kindly to the wish of General Jackson,
the then "Great Father." that they give up their hunting grounds in Ohio
in exchange for hunting grounds west of the Mississippi river, and roving
hands of the peaceful but dissatisfied red men moved about through the
state. In September, 1834, one of these bands visited Cambridge. The
Guernsey Times, then published by Hersh and McPherson, gives us a local
note, "that a band of Indians are in camp near this town." It is left for an
eye-witness, although then young, to complete that local of 1834.
The Indian camp was located south of Gaston avenue, on the site now
known as "Silver Cliff." At that time the ridge was covered with oak and
beech trees. The water for the use of the camp was gotten from a spring
in the old Asher-Williams lot. There were perhaps a hundred men. women
and children. They remained in camp there for ten days or more. They
wore, when they wore anything (for it was warm and pleasant weather),
the usual Indian dress of blankets and breech-clouts. The men were peaceful
and quiet, except when they had been presented too freely with "whisk."
They had no arms except bows and arrows and tomahawks. The
women had Indians' trinkets, which they peddled about the town. The
men put in the daytime mostly shooting with their bows and arrows at
(3)
34 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
"fips and levies," set up in split sticks driven in the ground. Their prin-
cipal shooting place was in the street west of the Hutchison tavern. The
distance was sixty feet. The "fips and levies" stuck in the splits were the
prizes to the shooters who hit the mark. The squaws, with their pappooses
tied to boards and hung on their backs, or set up against the houses, stood
around and enjoyed the sport and cheered the lucky Indian who took the
prize.
Those who took the most interest in the shooting contests and mingled
most with them were Edward Rogers and G. W. Mulholland. Rogers was
a silversmith, having a shop in the east room of the Ogier house. Mulhol-
land was a tailor, and had a shop in the Seneca Needham house, located on
the now Ofme Hardware Company corner. They were strong Jacksonians,
and would try to make the Indian chiefs understand that the "Great Father,"
at Washington City, would deal justly with the Indians. But these Indians
were on a strike against the "Great Father," and they only "ughed" at the
praise given by these Democratic followers of the "Great Father." These
Indians were a mixture of tribes, Delawares, Shawnees. Wyandottes and
Senecas. They came to Cambridge from the south, crossing Wills creek
below the old Gomber-Moore mill. They had a few old wagons and carts.
The tent poles and many of the trappings were tied around the necks of the
ponies and horses and dragged upon the ground. The squaws had charge
of the train, and, according to Indian custom, did most of the work, while
the big, lazy "bucks" rode horses and the children who were big enough
to ride rode the ponies. The older men and women and the small children
rode in the wagons and carts. Some of the women rode on ponies, two to
each, and some rode sidewise and some astride. It may have been that
these rovers were visiting their old hunting and fishing grounds on Wills
creek.
When they broke camp, they moved towards the north. To the writer
then, and in a backward view now, it was a better "wild west" parade than
"Buffalo Bill" ever made at Cambridge. It was a parade of the pure, una-
dulterated "Ingen," without spangles, feathers or paint. With the tribe were
two white women, who bad been captured in infancy, who had lost all trace
(if their white ancestry, and were the apparently happy wives of two big,
lazy "bucks."
There were in 1S05 five Indian families residing in this vicinity. Two
brothers, named Jim and Bill Lyons, who had their huts up the bottom
where William Tedrick's house now stands; Joseph Sky, who lived at the
mouth of Brushy fork, near where Lynn's mill now is; one Doughty, who
1470868
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 35
bail a luii between Mrs. Culbertson's and Newman Lake's, who had two
squaws; and one named Hunter, who didn't have any squaw.
Doughty's extra squaw was an incumbrance, however, being one of
Simon Girty's, which he and the Lyons brothers were under obligations to
support for some service Girty had rendered their fathers. She was ex-
ceedingly ill-favored and very intemperate.
These Indians hunted in that neighborhood during the summer, and
when winter came would pack up and move off to Big Stillwater, where they
had a sort of Indian town. They were, however, very friendly and not
troublesome.
Jim Lyons had a white wife, a girl that his father had taken prisoner
when a child: having adopted and raised her, his son married her. In her
dress, appearance and manner she was as much an Indian as any of them.
and could not have been distinguished had it not been for her hair, which
was fairer than that of the Indians and inclined to be wavy. She was very
reserved in her manner towards the whites; seemed to avoid their societv.
and was never known to speak to a white person, or in their presence. In
one respect the Lyons brothers were an exception among Indians — they
didn't like whisky; and as Girty's old squaw wouldn't do without it, she
lived most of her time at Doughty's hut. and would get drunk, whenever
she could get liquor enough, and swear and tear around, and quarrel, and
"take on" equal to any of the "white trash."
ANECDOTE OF COL. JOHN m'dOXALI).
(From "Howe's History of Ohio.) i
In the year 1791 or '92, the Indians having made frequent incursions
into the settlenTents along the Ohio river, between Wheeling and Mingo bot-
tom, sometimes killing or capturing whole families, at other times steal-
ing all the horses belonging to a station or fort, a company consisting of
seven men rendezvoused at a place called the Beech bottom, on the Ohio
river, a few miles below where Wellsburg has been erected. This company
were John Whetzel, 'William McCollough. John Hough. Thomas Biggs.
Joseph Hedges. Kinzie Dickerson and a Mr. Linn. Their avowed object was
to go to the Indian towns to steal horses. This was then considered a legal,
honorable business, as we were then at open war with the Indians. It would
only be retaliating upon them in their own way.
These seven men were all trained to Indian warfare and a life in the
36 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
woods from their youth. Perhaps the western frontier at no time could
furnish seven men whose souls were hetter fitted, and whose nerves and
sinews were better strung to perform any enterprise which required reso-
lution and firmness.
They crossed the Ohio, and proceeded, with cautious steps and vigilant
glances, on their way through the cheerless, dark and almost impervious for-
est, in the Indian country, till they came to an Indian town, near where the
headwaters of the Sandusky and Muskingum rivers interlock. Here they
made a fine haul, and set off homeward with fifteen horses. They traveled
rapidly, only making short halts to let their horses graze and breathe a short
time to recruit their energy and activity. In the evening of the second day
of their rapid retreat they arrived at Wills creek, not far from where the
town of Cambridge has since been erected.
Here Mr. Linn was taken violently sick, and they must stop their march
or leave him alone to perish in the dark and lonely woods. Our frontiers-
men, notwithstanding their rough and unpolished manners, had too much
of my Uncle Toby's "sympathy for suffering humanity," to forsake a com-
rade in distress. They halted, and placed sentinels on their back trail, who
remained there until late in the night, without seeing any signs of being
pursued. The sentinels on the back trail returned to the camp, Mr. Linn
still lying in excruciating pain. All the simple remedies in their power were
administered to the sick man, without producing any effect.
Being late in the night, they all lay down to rest, except one who was
placed as guard. Their camp was on the bank of a small branch. Just be-
fore daybreak the guard took a small bucket and dipped some water out of
the stream : on carrying it to the fire he discovered the water to be muddy.
The muddy water waked his suspicion that the enemy might be approaching
them, and were walking down in the stream, as their footsteps would be noise-
less in the water. He waked his companions and communicated his suspicion.
They arose, examined the branch a little distance, and listened attentively for
some time ; but neither saw nor heard anything, and then concluded it must
have been raccoons, or some other animals, puddling in the stream.
After this conclusion, the company all lay down to rest, except the sen-
tinel, who was stationed just outside of the light. Happily for them the fire
was burned down, and only a few coals afforded a dim light to point out
where they lay.
The enemy had come silently down the creek, as the sentinel suspected,
to within ten or twelve feet of the place where they lay, and fired several guns
over the bank.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 3/
Mr. Linn, the sick man, was lying; with his side towards the bank, and
received nearly all the balls which were at first fired. The Indians then, with
tremendous yells, mounted the bank with loaded rifles, war-clubs and toma-
hawks, rushed upon our men, who fled barefooted and without arms. Mr.
Linn, Thomas Biggs and Joseph Hedges were killed in and near the camp.
William McCullough had run but a short distance when he was fired at by the
enemy. At the instant the fire was given, he jumped into a quagmire and
fell; the Indians, supposing that they killed him, ran past in pursuit of others.
He soon extricated himself out of the mire, and so made his escape. He fell
in with John Hough, and came into Wheeling.
John Whetzel and Kinzie Dickerson met in their retreat, and returned
together. Those who made their escape were without arms, without cloth-
ing or provisions. Their sufferings were great, but this they bore with stoical
indifference, as it was the fortune of war.
Whether the Indians who defeated our heroes followed in pursuit from
their towns, or were a party of warriors who accidentally happened to fall in
with them, has never been ascertained. From the place they had stolen the
horses they had traveled two nights and almost two entire days, without halt-
ing, except just a few minutes at a time, to let the horses graze. From the
circumstances of their rapid retreat with the horses it was supposed that no
pursuit could possibly have overtaken them, but fate had decreed that this
party of Indians should meet and defeat them.
As soon as the stragglers arrived at Wheeling, Capt. John McCullough
collected a party of men, and went to Wills creek and buried the unfortunate
men who fell in and near the camp. The Indians had mangled . the dead
bodies at a most barbarous rate. Thus was closed the horse-stealing tragedy.
Of the four who survived this tragedy none are now living to tell the
storv of their suffering. They continued to hunt and to fight as long as the
war lasted. John Whetzel and Dickerson died in the county near Wheeling.
John Hough died a few years since, near Columbia, Hamilton county, Ohio.
The brave Capt. William McCullough fell in 1812, in the battle of Browns-
town, in the campaign with General Hull.
CHAPTER III.
ORGANIZATION OF THE COUNTY.
From the beginning Guernsey county territory had belonged to Wash-
ington county up to 1788, when it was included in what was organized as
Muskingum county, in 1804. Prior to the adoption of the state constitution
in 1 85 1, there was much agitation about a new county, to be formed out of
parts of Guernsey, Tuscarawas and Coshocton, with New Comerstown as the
county seat. But when the new constitution was adopted the issue was for-
ever removed from the minds of the projectors of that scheme.
A word concerning the term "Military Land District" may not be out of
place in this connection. The origin of this term is from the fact that in
1798 Congress appropriated certain lands to satisfy claims of the officers and
soldiers of the Revolutionary war. These lands were surveyed into town-
ships five miles square, and these again into quarter-townships, containing
four thousand acres, and some later into forty lots of one hundred acres each,
for the accommodation of soldiers and others holding warrants for that num-
ber of acres. What land was not required for the satisfaction of military
warrants was subsequently sold by act of Congress, and the designation of
"Congress Land" given to it. In 1903 Congress granted to the state one-
sixth of all the lands in the United States Military District for the use of
schools in the same. As the population of the townships warranted, they
were named, having previously been designated by numbers. In 1812 the
legislature provided for a road from Cambridge to Coshocton. The Marietta
and Cleveland road was completed at a later date.
The land district of which Guernsey count)- is a part was surveyed west
of the seventh range, into townships of five miles square, and a quarter town-
ship of two and a half miles square, between 1798 and 1804. Zaccheus Biggs,
as deputy surveyor, made a part of the survey, and George Metcalf. then a
young man. formed one of the surveying party. He was charmed with the
locality and enthused many at his home with the idea of effecting set-
tlement here, and he really prevailed upon Jacob Gomber, his father-in-law,
and Zaccheus A. Beatty, brother-in-law of Gomber, to purchase a quarter of
a township (four thousand acres), upon which the city of Cambridge is now
situated.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 39
The survey of the land district was completed in 1804 and the land sub-
ject to entry, from the land office at Zanesville, at two dollars per acre. Set-
tlements were soon made in different parts of the county, as will be seen in
the chapter on "Early Settlement," following this chapter.
By order of the Ohio State Legislature in 1809, a new county from por-
tions of Belmont and Muskingum counties was formed and by its provisions
it was called Guernsey in honor of the first emigrants from the isle of Guern-
sey. Prior to that time — March 10, 1810, the actual dating of the bill — all
territory which is now included in this county west of the eastern boundary
of what is now Wills township, Madison township and Washington township,
was a part of Muskingum county. East of the present townships of London-
derry, Oxford and Millwood formed a part of Belmont county. April 23d,
following, there was field a meeting at the house of George Beymer, at Cam-
bridge, and there and then the first county commissioners were sworn into
office for Guernsey county. They were James Dillon, William Dement and
Absalom Martin. Elijah Beall was appointed clerk and John Beatty, treas-
urer. Elijah Dyson was appointed lister of the residents of the newly made
county, as being subject to taxation. Thomas Knowles was the first sheriff,
George Metcalf, first surveyor, Peter Wirick, first auctioneer, and Joseph
Smith, first coroner.
It was ordered that the new county be divided off into five civil town-
ships to be called Oxford, Seneca, Wills, Cambridge and Westland. Much
difficulty was experienced by reason of there being no map of the territory
within the county just formed.
Tavern licenses were fixed at from four to ten dollars.
At the meeting of June 10, 1S10, a township, to be known as Buffalo,
was ordered to be set off, and a meeting held at Jacob Jordon's on June 23d,
that year, when township officers were duly elected.
Wheatland township was organized June 9, 1810. The same date An-
drew Marshalf was awarded the contract to construct a county gaol or jail.
On July 28, 1810, a meeting was called to elect officers for a township
to be called Richland and was held at the house of Samuel Leath; also one
the same day for election of officers for Madison township at the house of
Absalom Martin.
On September 15, 1810, Wheeling township was organized and two
justices of the peace and other officers elected at a meeting at the home of
William Gibson.
On September 4th of that year, there bad been held a meeting of the
board, at which the bounty for every wolf-scalp of wolves over six months
40 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
that had been killed within the county, was fixed at two and one-half dollars
and one dollar for those under six months.
On December 25. 1810, Robert Johnston became clerk. The Steuben-
ville road was completed from Cadiz to Cambridge in 181 1 and in June that
year Lloyd Talbott was awarded the contract to build, or rather superintend,
the construction of a county court house, while Z. A. Beatty and Jacob Gom-
ber were chosen as contractors to construct the same. The jail was com-
pleted September 3, 181 1.
In March, 1815, Valley township was incorporated, at a meeting held at
the house of William Thompson.
On June 3, 1816, it was ordered that a new township be made and
named Jefferson ; this was taken from the west of Madison township. It
was also, at that date, ordered that Londonderry township be formed from
parts of Madison and Oxford; that Beaver township should be formed from
parts of Seneca and Oxford townships ; also that Olive township should be
set off from Buffalo township.
Monroe township was incorporated from the north end of Jefferson
township, and township officials were elected at the house of Lawrence Tet-
rick in April, 1818.
Knox township was formed from the northern end of Westland and the
west end of Wheeling township.
On April 8, 18 19, it was ordered that the south row of sections in Wheel-
ing township be added to Cambridge township.
Spencer township was set off from the west end of Buffalo township in
March, 1819.
Liberty township was created in 1820; Centre township in 1822 and
Washington in 1823.
In June, 1824, Jackson township was organized, and in 1827 Adams
was taken off of Knox and Westland townships and named in honor of John
Ouincy Adams, then President of the United States.
In 1 85 1. Buffalo, Beaver, Olive and Seneca townships Avere detached
from Guernsey county, and since then have been included in Noble county.
. As soon as the townships were organized the county-seat question was
agitated. Both Washington and Cambridge wanted the seat of justice.
Messrs. Beatty and Gomber made a proposition to donate the public grounds
and furnish a suitable set of public buildings ready to roof if the county seat
should be located at Cambridge, and their offer was accepted. Several at-
tempts have been made since the location of the county seat, to remove it to
Washington, but of late years this talk has all ceased and with the present
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 41
city of Cambridge and the court house and jail so substantial, the question
will probably never be before the people again.
After the above preliminary steps had been taken, it remained for the
board of county commissioners to provide highways, bridges, and suitable
buildings for the county, as its settlement increased. The chapter on "County,
State and National Representation — Political" will inform the reader as to
who the men were at the helm during all of the formative period of the
county's development, and other chapters will show how well they laid the
foundations. The government of this county is treated in the next chapter
and there will be seen much of the county's building, its taxes and expend-
itures to the present time. As the platting of towns and villages comes with
the settlement of every new county organized, its surveyors and recorders have
to execute these records, this topic naturally comes under the bead of organ-
ization and will here follow the list of such town plattings :
TOWN PLATS OF THE COUNTY.
During the years of the county's history there have been many village,
or town plats, executed in the various townships. Some are still in existence,
but many have long since become defunct. The following is a complete list
of all that have ever been platted, with date, location and name of the pro-
prietors (township name at date of platting) :
Wheeling was platted by David Dull on the southwest quarter of the
southeast quarter of section 14, township 4, range 3, in Wheeling township.
It was surveyed April 24, 1874.
New Birmingham was platted in 1826, by William Carson, and was re-
platted for assessment purposes June 14, i860; it was located on section 11,
township 4, range 2.
Guernsey, in Cambridge township, in section 4, township 2, range 3, of
the United- States military lands, was laid out by John Fordyce, J. W. Robins
and Madison D. Robins, November 7, 1872.
New Gottengen, by Charles Heidelbach, on the "Clay Pike," in Richland
township, May 13, 1836.
Winchester, on section 14, township 3, range 1, August 18, 1836. Its
proprietor was Isaac Bonnell.
Elizabethtown, on the National turnpike, by Jacob Weller, in Wills town-
ship, March 7, 1832.
Londonderry, by Robert Wilkins, August 19, 1815, in Londonderry
township.
42 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Salesville was incorporated August 20, 1878. The original plat was
surveyed in 1835, with George Brill as its proprietor.
Antrim, by Alexander Alexander, March 1, 1830, on lot 12, in the first
quarter of township 3. range 1, of the United States military school lands.
Liberty, by William and John Gibson, on a part of the southeast quarter
.if section 23. township 4, range 3, August 2, 1828.
Fairview, on the southeast quarter of section 2, township 10, range 7,
by Hugh Gillaland, March 24, 1814.
Middleton, on the National pike, on the north half of section 31, town-
ship to. range 7, September 1, 1827, by Benjamin Masters.
Hartford, September 26, 1836, by David Johnston and John Secrest, on
the southeast quarter of section 4, township 8, range 9, in "Buffalo" town-
ship.
Senecaville, on the banks of Seneca creek, in Richland township, by
David Satterthwaite, July 18, 181 5.
Bridgewater, March 24, 1834, by William Orr, on the northwest quarter
of section 25, township 2, range 7.
Portugal, November 14, 1833, by Levi Engle on the northwest quarter
of section 3. township — , range 1.
Olivetown, on the southeast quarter of section 5, township 6, range 9,
by John Wiley and Isaac Hill, September 27, 1815.
Craigsborough, on the west bank of Duck creek in the northeast quarter
of section 4. township 6, range 9, by William Craig, February 26, 1818.
Zealand, on the northwest quarter of section 2J. township 9, range 10,
by Benjamin Bay, June 21. 1820.
Williamsburg, in "Beaver township." on the southwest quarter of the
south half lot 3, section 16, by William Finley, November 21, 1828.
Union, by Elijah Lowery and John Laughlin, May 4, 1812, on the south-
east quarter of section 9, township 1, range 2. A part of this was donated
to the county for court house purposes, should the seat of justice be located
at that point.
Paris was platted on the southeast and southwest quarters of section
22, township 1, range 4, by William Hunter, December 24, 1S27.
Point Pleasant, at the junction of the Beaver and Seneca forks of Wills
creek, on the northeast quarter of section 13. township — . range 8, by Benja-
min Wilson. July 24. 1829.
Newburn, on section 22. "Beaver township," by Thomas Walsh, No-
vember 27. 182S.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 43
New Liberty, on the southwest quarter of section 20, township I, range
3, by Richard Dickinson, October 17, 181 5.
Lexington, platted on the southeast quarter of section 24, and the north-
east quarter of section 25, township 7, range 8, by Jacob Young and Jacob
Myers, August 12, 1816.
Millwood, by Jonah Smith, on section 20, township 9, range 7, in "Beaver
township," February 18, 1835. It is now Quaker City.
West Barnesville, by Ford Barnes, December 23, 1825.
Martinsburg, by John Bickham and James Welsh, May 17, 1816, in
Madison township.
Kimbolton (same as old Liberty), in Liberty township, incorporated
November 5, 1884.
Byesville, by a number of persons. It is located in Jackson township
and was platted November 26, 1881 (as an incorporation), but the original
platting had been executed on section 6, township 1, range 2, July 1, 1856.
Quaker City, on section 20, of Millwood township, was platted as Mill-
wood by Jonah Smith in 1835.
Spencer Station is on sections 7 and 13, of Millwood township.
Mount Ephraim, in "Seneca township," platted June 29, 1838, by Eph-
raim Vorhees, on section 33, township 8, range 8.
Kennonburg, in township 8, range 8, and in the east half of section num-
ber 2. was platted by Daniel Rich and Arthur Vandyke, December 2, 1839.
West Boston, by Charles Phillis, December 3, 1836, on section 23, town-
ship 1, range 4.
Putneyville, on the southeast of the northwest quarter of section 10,
township 9, range 7, was platted by George W. Henderson, April 30, 1846.
Bailey's Mills, platted May 14, 1855. on section 1, township 9, range 7,
by Jesse W. Bailey.
Bridgeville, by Washington Shoff, February 5, 1848.
Cambridge (City), original platting, by Jacob Gomber and Zaccheus A.
Beatty. on June 2, 1806.
Washington, by George and Henry Beymer, September 28, 1805, at a
time when this county was still a part of Muskingum county.
New Salem, by William Hosack, April 21. 1845, on tne Grade Road
leading from Cambridge to the Ohio Canal.
Mantua, August 6, 1853, by Thomas P. Wilson and William P. Rose,
on the northwest quarter of section 3, township 2. range 4.
Centreville, on the southwest quarter of section 5, township 2, range 2,
by David Kinkead, August 31, 1842.
44 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Easton. in Washington township, by Alexander Frew, November 21,
H842.
Florence, by Samuel Arbuthnot, September 12, 1842. on the Steuben-
ville, Cadiz and Cambridge macadamized road.
Derwent, in Valley township, on a part of section 4, township 8, range
9, by Eliza Dickerson, August 10. 1898.
Rigby, on the northeast quarter of section 4, township 1. range 2, in
Centre township, by Henry Moss, December 20, 1898.
Kingston, in Centre township, on the northeast quarter of section 3,
township 1, range 2, by John H. Robins.
Lore City, June '8, 1903, in Centre township, on the Leatherwood creek.
Opperman, in Valley township, on the northeast quarter of the southeast
quarter of section 14, township 9, range 10, by Thomas Moore and wife, Aug-
ust 28. 1903.
Fletcher. November 5, 1908, by J. B. Hamilton, A. E. Fletcher and B.
V. Witten, on the west half of section 11. township 8. range 9.
Blacktop, on section 8, township 1, range 2, July 2, 1900, by M. L. Spaid.
Midway, on lot 35, township 1, range 3, in Jackson township, by Mike
Stifka, October 31, 1904.
Greenwood, by Thomas Taylor, June 12. 1848.
Cumberland, by James Bay, on the northeast of section 32, township 9,
range 10. April 24, 1828.
Claysville, on the west half of the southwest quarter of section 22, town-
ship 1, range 4, by Ford Barnes, June 7, 1828.
There have been numerous villages — a small collection of houses and
trading places with postoffices. besides the above, but were not regular plats.
These include Hopewell, Londonderry, Winchester, Indian Camp, etc.
INCORPORATED TOWNS.
The incorporated towns of the county are: Cambridge (City), Salesville,
Pleasant City, Cumberland, Quaker City, Byesville, Senecaville, Fairview,
Kimbolton, Lore City, Washington, Hartford.
A LOST TOWN.
The first town laid out in Guernsey county, rightfully speaking, was on
the old Zane trace, five miles to the east of Washington, on the northwest
half of section 19, township 2, range 1. The proprietor, Joseph Smith, called
the town Frank ford, but the records of Muskingum county, to which the
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 45
lands of this county then belonged, show the plat of a town named Frankby.
and Frankley, recorded September 13, 1805 ; this makes the place twenty-three
days older than Washington. Who Joseph Smith was and what became of
him, no one seems to know. There being no record of the patent, it cannot
be told Whether he entered or squatted on this land, but he evidently had
some notion of building a town at the point named in the platting, for lot No.
5 was designated as having been "reserved for court house purposes." Lot
No. 13 for gaol and "north spring, on lot No. 29, for the free use of the
public square and all the commons on the south side of the
same." But his hopes were soon to be blighted; the first cabin erected
there was for a tavern, and whisky was so cheap that the advantages of
the free spring water were not duly appreciated. All the pioneer townsite
man received was the name "Smithtown," by which the site was ever after
known. As late as 1870, a traveler named Cummings, who kept a diary, says
therein: "August 8 — The stage being only to go fifteen miles, I left Cam-
bridge on foot ; the first five miles were excellent road, over a long, very high
range of hills, without a house, to Beymertown — twelve cabins, four being
taverns, and one a blacksmith shop. Four and a half miles farther no in-
habitants; the road is still good, but is leading over several high, short and
steep ridges, which generally run from north to south. Then passing a cabin
and farm, in a half mile I came to Frankford or Smithtown, where I break-
fasted. This is a small village or hamlet of eight or ten cabins, some of
which, as well as several in the neighborhood, are inhabited by families from
Peekskill, New York.''
A record shows that in 1807 Smith and wife conveyed lot No. 20 to
John D. Seiman for twenty-seven dollars and fifty cents. Other lots sold at
forty dollars each.
In 1809. Andrew Moore, of New Castle, Delaware, became a resident of
Frankford and owned a tavern that became somewhat noted, and there, in 1819,
Gen. Robert B. Moore married the daughter of Jacob Gomber, took his bride
to her new home, accompanied by a large company of friends from Cam-
bridge, they going on horseback. William H. Farrar wrote of this many
years later and it is "good history" today. In 1814, Smith and wife sold,
for a consideration of two thousand dollars, the quarter section of land on
which Frankford was platted to Jacob Gomber.
In 1846, at the October term of court, this platting was vacated and its
history ended. Its once noted hostelry, that fed and rested many a wean-
traveler, has long since disappeared ; its streets and alleys have been con-
verted into a cow pasture, and its court house and jail sites appropriated to
the growing of corn and potatoes.
CHAPTER IV.
EARLY SETTLEMENT OF THE COUNTY.
To have been in the vanguard of civilization and among the first persons
to penetrate so goodly a domain as Guernsey county, Ohio, with the view of
making permanent settlement, is an honor, though possibly such honor was
never fully realized by Mr. Graham, who. it is believed now, was the first
white man to invade the territory with the view of remaining and building
for himself a permanent habitation, in what was then a great wilderness,
which had only been explored by the Indian race and possibly a few white
adventurers. The date of Mr. Graham's settlement was 1798 and he located
where afterwards the watertank of the railroad stood in Cambridge. Doubt-
less there were a few "squatters" who tarried for a short time within this
county, as early as 1796, as it is claimed that Levi Williams had a son John
born where Washington now stands. March 8, 1806, and that the father came
in 1796, but of their experiences and future whereabouts no record now ex-
ists. It should be remembered that Guernsey county now contains more than
five times as many people as did the entire state of Ohio in 1798. when the
Graham settlement was effected.
The southern part of Guernsey county was the first to be settled to any
considerable extent and the first township to have a permanent settler was
Cambridge. Pioneer Graham's cabin was the only house between Wheeling
and Zanesville. Two years later, or thereabouts, came George Beymer. from
Somerset, Pennsylvania, and these two persons kept a house of entertain-
ment, and also a ferry for travelers on their way to Kentucky. In 1803 came
John Beatty from Loudoun county, Virginia, and purchased the tavern which
was on the "Zane Trace," which was a blazed path through the wilderness
from Wheeling to Chillicothe, on the west bank of the Scioto river. Ebenezer
Zane marked the path, and for his services received three sections of land at
the crossing of the rivers — one on the Muskingum, one on the Hocking, and
one on the north bank of the Scioto — with the right to run a ferry and toll
bridge over the Ohio and Muskingum rivers. Zanesville was located on his
section, at the crossing of the Muskingum, and from him it derives its name.
The various township histories in this volume will relate much of interest
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 47
concerning the settlement in different parts of Guernsey county, hence need
not here be mentioned.
I luring the year 1805 the survey of the plat of Cambridge was executed
and the first house built on that platting; it stood on what came to be the
Shaw property, and was occupied by John Beatty. father of Zaccheus A.
Beatty. More concerning this family and its settlement will be found in the
city chapter of Cambridge. Also an account of many of the families, in-
cluding those who emigrated from the beautiful isle of Guernsey, from which
the county took its name, will lie given in detail in such chapter.
Wild animals abounded on every hand here when the pioneer band first
invaded these parts. Bears, wolves, deer, etc., were very plentiful, ami both
state and county paid a bounty of two dollars for wolf scalps.
The pioneering days in America are almost over, forever. The great
public domain is fast being settled and developed, the lands being divided and
sub-divided and prices steadily advancing, until ere long American real estate
will be as high priced as in the old European countries. The modern pioneer
disappears after the iron horse has made his way to the new, unsettled
countries, whereas the first pioneers of our republic went in long years in
advance of either steamboat or railroads, hewing their way through the dense
forests and there subduing land, covered with stumps and roots, raising
crops which, if there was a surplus, had to be drawn by oxen or horses many
miles to market. These conditions have all been reversed; now the husband-
man can raise his crops and sell at his very door and it is transported by
steam or electric cars to points near at hand, where good prices richly repay
him for his toil and investment — hence the happy, prosperous homes of the
twentieth century in this country.
The first settlers had to cook their venison and other wild meats without
salt, for there was none within many miles and cost much money when it
could be obtained. AYhen this necessary commodity was brought, it came by
way of pack-saddles over the mountains. It did not come by good highways
such as obtain now. but over roads unbridged and for the most part unworked
by man.
The first work of the pioneer was to clear away enough timber to make
room for his cabin and a garden patch. After his cabin was raised, he set
about cutting timber, hewing and splitting, while the good housewife busied
herself by spinning, weaving and knitting. Nearly all the clothes worn by the
4<S GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
first comers to Guernsey county were home-made — made by the industry and
genius of the mother, wife or daughters, while the "men folks" were busily
engaged in the hard task of clearing up a field and fencing it.
The axman was ever employed. The rude log cabin, illy furnished, pro-
vided their only shelter from summer's rain and winter's blasts. The fire-
place was used for both cooking and heating; the andiron and blackened crane
were then as essential as the modern heater or gas range is considered today.
Puncheon were used for floors and shakes for shingles. Post bedsteads, with
ropes for holding the straw or feather ticking, and the little trundle-bed at the
side, were used instead of the present-day iron gilded beds and children's
fancy cribs, with their silk and satin lined couches in which sleeps the twen-
tieth-century infant; yet Presidents and statesmen have come from both the
old fashioned and the new !
The log cabin has nearly become extinct, like the wild beast and bird that
roamed and winged their way through the forests of this county a hundred
years ago. In the place of the cabin of logs and the mud chimney at its end,
have come the modern mansions and elegant farm-houses, all provided with
suitable fixtures, even to steam heat and electric or gas lights.
Rude and homely was the cabin,
Beauty did not deck its hearth ;
But the kettle sung a home-song.
And the birch logs crackled mirth.
Its chambers were not high and spacious,
No marble stairway led to them,
But, O, for a night of boyhood,
To climb the ladder once again.
The cabin sleeps in ruins.
The ivy from the roof has fled,
The mould is its only monument.
All but memories sweet are dead.
And as the years around us gather,
At life's end and eventide,
We'll think then of the cabin
Down by the river's side.
The pioneers of this county desired an. education for their children, but
rude indeed were the earlv dav school houses. Thev were constructed, like
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 49
all buildings, of logs, and poorly finished. In place of glass windows, usually
an opening was left in the logs and over it was stretched a greased paper,
which admitted enough light to allow the pupils, with their young, bright
eyes, to see to study from the old United States Speller, Murray's Grammar
and now and then consult the Western Calculator.
While the children of early-day Guernsey county were rocked in sugar
troughs, fed on Johnny-cake, corn bread, and mush and milk, with wild meats,
yet they grew to manhood and womanhood and have furnished their full share
of brains and muscle for the carrying on of a county, state and nation, through
three wars, and had time and genius enough to develop one of the best sub-
divisions in the Buckeye state.
Clothing was made from buckskin, tow, linen or flax, manufactured at
home by their own hands, unaided by modern machinery. Sometimes, the
family being large, a traveling spinner might be engaged. He usually came
along with his little spinning wheel and would generally do the spinning act
at a "fipenny bit'' a dozen. Again, a journeyman tailor would call with his
press-board and '•goose" to make up the home-spun cloth. These days are
forever gone on this continent. A better era has come to mankind, but really
do we as a people generally appreciate the transformation? There are those
still among us — a very few — who remember those pioneer days and the scenes
of seventy and eighty odd years ago. These have seen the thick jungle and
denser forest fall and the sunlight allowed to strike full and brilliant on
fields ripe with an abundant harvest; the hillsides are the scene of orchard
and rich vintage, while the leaves are yet turning to amber and gold. These
have seen the last of the Indian, the last of the wild game, the last of the
log cabin. They have survived to see the wilderness blossom as the rose, with
dwelling and churches and school-houses on every hand. Verily, the pioneer
"builded better than he knew."
A WOUNDED DEER.
(From the Jeffersonian. Written by C. P. B. Sarchet, as told him by Joseph Culbert-
son.)
Two old pioneers, Jim McClurg and John Dixon, were the noted deer
hunters in the early history of Cambridge, and many were the thrilling and, at
times, dangerous incidents told of their deer hunting experiences. They
usually supplied venison saddles in the winter to the old taverns, and at
(4)
5'0 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Christmas and New Year's time to the citizens of Cambridge. .We will relate
one of McClurg's experiences with a large buck.
He started one December morning from their cabin west of Cambridge
on Crooked creek, on a deer hunt, with his trusty flintlock, smooth-bore gun,
that carried a half-ounce ball which on shooting match days never failed to
cut the centre of the "bull's eye." With hunting knife in his belt, he started
for the dividing ridges between Indian Camp and big Sarchet's run. This
would now be in Knox and Adams townships. After traveling through the
woods for some time he sighted, in the distance, a large buck with large
spreading antlers, but too distant for a shot. He followed it round and round
over the ridges and through the valleys, only to discover that the buck was
circling, making a circuit of five or six miles, and that when he would turn
back it would scent him and cut across the circle. After putting in the day in
fruitless pursuit, he returned home late at night, resolved to renew the chase
the following day, taking with him his brother Joe.
They started early the next morning, and near noon they sighted the
buck. They followed after it, and soon found it was playing the same game
as on the previous day. McClurg directed his brother to the top of one of the
hills, at a point where the buck, in cutting across the circle, would approach
near enough for him to get a shot, while he himself followed the trail.
After some time, the buck, in crossing, scented Joe on the top of the
ridge and turned back. It soon came in sight of McClurg. who secreted him-
self behind a large tree to await its nearer approach. At quite a distance away
it scented the hunter and for a moment it stopped. Although it was a long
shot. McClurg fired and the buck fell. He hurried to the spot and, setting
his gun against a tree, drew his knife and, seizing the buck by the antlers, was
making ready to cut its throat, when it opened its eyes and began struggling
to its feet. In the struggle the buck struck the hunter in such a way as to
knock the knife out of his hand. McClurg, during the struggle, was unable
to regain his knife, and a furious struggle for mastery began.
McClurg had a giant's strength, but was unable to hold the buck to
the ground, and it was tearing off his hunting shirt and lacerating his arms
and body. The buck finally got to its feet, but the hunter held on to its antlers,
hoping that he would be able to hold the animal till his brother could arrive,
who would hear the shot and hurry to him.
Hut Joe had a long distance to come. McClurg's strength was fast giv-
ing away, but, having the buck in bis clutch, he could not think of giving up.
It now seemed a life and death struggle. He concluded to let go. hoping that
after such a fight the animal would make off, and if not he would seek safety
in climbing a tree. So he let go, but the infuriated animal showed fight.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 5 1
McClurg ran for a tree, jumped to catch a limb, missed his hold, and the
buck was again upon him.
It was once more a life and death struggle. He seized the buck by the
horns, and by almost superhuman strength succeeded in throwing it to the
ground, and the struggle again went on.
Soon Joe came to the scene, but it was some time before he could get a
shot. He knew that if he shot and failed to kill the animal at once, it would
only cause it to fight with greater ferocity, and perhaps not only endanger the
life of his brother but his own life.
At last a favorable opportunity offered, and he sent a bullet through the
heart of the buck and the struggle was over. He at once removed its entrails
and hung the carcass upon a tree fork, out of the reach of wolves, and began
the difficult task of getting his brother to shelter, as the night was upon them.
With much difficulty, sometimes leading and sometimes carrying his
brother, he reached the home of Mr. Culbertson, where McClurg was kindly
cared for and the next morning their host brought them to their home on
Crooked creek.
Perhaps our long-time friend, Joseph Culbertson, of Adams township,
will remember hearing this story of McClurg and the buck, told around the
family fireside in the long ago.
McClurg kept the antlers of the buck nailed upon the wall of his cabin
for many years, as a trophy. The buck, on first scenting McClurg, had thrown
up its head and the shot, although penetrating the center of its forehead, had
passed between the antlers and through the skull above its brain.
There are now no persons living who ate this venison ; but there was a
large party who partook of it at a Christmas dinner at the Judge Metcalf tav-
ern. McClurg never fully recovered from the effects of the fearful conflict.
His nervous system had been overtaxed.
At the time of the first settlement there were several Indian camps, in
this county, of the Wyandotte and Seneca tribes, that remained until just
before the war of 1812.
It is related that one morning as Isaac Oldham was endeavoring to kindle
the fire in his cabin, whilst upon his knees blowing the few remaining embers,
an old Indian named Douty crept stealthily in upon him, caught him by the
neck and raised the deadly tomahawk, ready to deal the fatal blow, but after
holding Oldham in that position for some time, he released his hold, and re-
marked, "Ingen let white man go: white man no let Ingen go," and left the
cabin. This occurred just before the war of 1812. and after the larger por-
52 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
tion of the Indians had removed farther to the Northwest. It was always
supposed that Douty intended to kill Oldham, before he left, for the loss of
his hunting ground, which Oldham had entered and was occupying; but fear
of being caught before he could overtake the rest of his tribe, it was thought,
deterred him, and Douty came no more. Novelists have sought to portray
the magnanimity and generosity of the Indian character, but the history of
the attempt of the government to civilize, and of the missionary to enlighten,
prove the Indian character to be one of cunning, treachery and revenge. His-
tory points to them as being a part of the tribe of Ishmael, "whose hand is
against every man, and every man's against him."
CHAPTER V.
COUNTY GOVERNMENT PAST AND PRESENT.
Here in Guernsey county, as in all other parts of the state, the business
of the county has not at all times been conducted correctly. Here, as else-
where, designing men and "grafters" have sometimes been the betrayers of
tbe tax-paying people. Not always has value been received for the cash or
warrants issued, but, all in all, there has been less of dishonor and misappro-
priation of public funds here than in main- sections of the commonwealth of
Ohio, in common with other states. However, it will not be prudent, at this
late day, in a work of this character, to go into detail to any considerable
extent, to show up these irregularities among public officials. Many of the
officials elected here have proven to be men of great strength of integrity and
have been repeatedly re-elected to the same, or higher positions, thus showing
that the people had implicit confidence in them. In the main, business in the
county has been conducted with honesty and ability. The public buildings
have been erected, the hundreds of bridges have been built and repaired, or
rebuilt, with the least possible expense. The unfortunate poor have been
humanely cared for by the county authorities in the best manner and at the
least possible expense for doing so delicate an undertaking. Counties, like
nations and individual corporations, sometimes make mistakes and are the
losers thereby, but here the rule has been to elect good, worthy men and they
have succeeded in carrying on the finances of the county with a good degree
of business sagacity and manly integrity.
The first officers of Guernsey county were as follows: County commis-
sioners. James Dillon, ^Yilliam Dement and Absalom Martin; clerk, Elijah
Beall; treasurer, John Beatty; lister of property, Elijah Dyson; sheriff,
Thomas Knowles ; surveyor, George Metcalf ; coroner, Joseph Smith; auction-
eer. Peter Wirick.
It devolved upon the commissioners to set off and organize into civil
townships the county as it was made by the act of the Legislature, and this,
with the making of pioneer roads and bridges, kept the board fully busy, and
their work was well done, as a rule. The first township organizations had to
be re-organized as the settlement increased, and hence came new township
54 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
work. The following is a list of the several township changes, with date of
their organization :
ORGANIZATION OF TOWNSHIPS.
Bv an act of the Ohio Legislature, in the session of 1809-10. the follow-
ing townships were erected : Oxford, Seneca, Wills, Cambridge and West-
land. The county commissioners met April 23, 1810, to organize. Other
townships were organized as shown below:
Millwood was organized in about 1835.
Wheatland was organized June 9, 1810.
Buffalo set off and election had June 23, 1810.
Richland, named and election held July 18, 1810.
Madison, named and election held July 18, 1810.
Wheeling, organized September 15, 1810.
Valley, organized March 25, 181 5.
Jefferson, cut from west end of Madison, June 3, 1816.
Londonderry, from parts of Oxford and Madison, June 3, 1816.
Beaver, from parts of Oxford and Seneca, June 3, 1816.
Olive, from Buffalo, June 3. 1816.
Monroe, from Jefferson, April, 1818.
Knox, from the north end of Westland and a part of Wheeling, March,
1819.
Spencer, from the west end of Buffalo, March, 1819.
Liberty, organized 1820.
Centre, organized 1822.
Washington, organized 1823.
Jackson, organized June, 1824.
Adams, organized 1827.
In 1 85 1, Buffalo, Beaver. Olive and Seneca townships were detached
from Guernsey and made a part of Noble county.
THE COUNTY-SEAT QUESTION.
In 1872 the following appeared from the pen of a local historian, con-
cerning the agitation and settlement of the Guernsey county seat question :
The county seat question was then agitated for the first time ; and our Wash-
ington friends renew it occasionally yet, by building castles in the air. At the
formation of the county, Beymerstown. eight miles east, on the old Wheeling
road, aspired to lie the shire town. The location was to be made by a com-
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 55
mittee appointed by the Legislature. After much log-rolling and lobbying,
and a good deal of had blood engendered between the two rival towns, the
proposition of Beatty and Gomber, to donate the public grounds, and finish
the buildings ready for the roof, was accepted, and the following written upon
the records of the county :
"That, having paid due regard to the interest and convenience of the
inhabitants of said county, we do hereby declare that the town of Cambridge
is the most suitable place for the permanent seat of justice.
Isaac Cook,
James Armstrong,
William Robinson,
"April 20, 1810. Committee."
Jacob Gomber, Thomas B. Kirkpatrick and Robert Speers were appointed
associate judges by the Legislature, and on the 23rd of April met at Tingle's
tavern, and appointed the following county officers: Clerk of the court, Cyrus
P. Beatty; sheriff, Elijah Dyson; prosecuting attorney, S. Herrick ; surveyor,
George Metcalf; recorder, Robert Johnson; commissioners, Absolom Martin,
William Dement. James Dillon.
THE FIRST COURT HOUSE.
At the time of the erection of the first court house, there was a careful
selection of bright red brick for the south and east fronts. The entrance
doors on the south and north were large double doors. They were circular
top, and had circular transoms, with projecting hoods. The windows were
large, and all had slatted shutters. The cupola, or belfry, was large and cir-
cular, and had around it half-slatted panels, above which was the projecting
roof of the tall spire, which was surmounted by two wooden balls and the
weathercock in the shape of a fish. The pudlock holes, used in the scaffold-
ing, had not been filled up. Pudlock holes are not now seen in the erection
of brick buildings. A contract was let to John Blanpied to paint the spire,
balls and vane, to paint the cupola and the window shutters and doors and
repair the windows and fill up the pudlock holes. To do this work. Air. Blan-
pied. who was a sailor boy. constructed a rope ladder and attached it to the
top of the spire, and. suspended by it. he painted the balls, vane and spire.
How well the writer remembers this little chubby Guernseyman suspended on
the rope ladder as he moved around the tall spire ! The old court house was
eighty-seven feet from the ground to the top of the spire. There are but few
56 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
of the citizens of Cambridge today who remember the tall spire and balls and
vane of the old court house. This spire was struck by lightning April 22,
1854, and the court house, after it was repaired and remodeled, which would
be familiar to many of the citizens of today, was altogether unlike the court
house of 1 810.
This was the building that was built and donated (except the roofing)
by Messrs. Beatty and Gomber, as an inducement to locate the county seat at
Cambridge in 18 10. It served well its purpose until the building of the pres-
ent court house. The county, of course, expended much on remodeling the
first structure, as above indicated. The old building was the central scene of
starting the county machinery going, and a few of the older residents are
here who well remember the courts and interesting proceedings therein enacted.
Fortunately, no fires have ever destroyed the valuable books of the county,
yet many of the records have not been as carefully preserved as they might
and should have been. Today, the system of records is materially better than
in the olden days.
THE PRESENT COURT HOUSE.
The best account of the building and cost of the present court house is
found in the files of the Cambridge Jcffcrsonian of 1883, and was written at
the date the building was dedicated, reading as follows :
On Tuesday, September 11, 1883, the newly completed court house was
opened for public inspection. There was a large meeting in the square, and
many speeches were made and reports read. E. W. Mathews, chairman of the
executive committee, announced that Hon. William Lawrence had been ap-
pointed president of the day, and introduced him to the assembly. Mr. Law-
rence made a short, timely speech, and was followed by Auditor Becker, who
read the following statement of the cost of erecting the court house :
Cost of building $84,083.34
Furniture 4,557.00
Carpets 545-°°
Steam and gas fixtures 5,634.62
Bell 470.00
Plans and superintendence of building 4,313.00
Total for building and fixtures $99,602.96
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 57
Outside paving 1,586.16
Grading and improving lot 550-87
Cistern and sewer 770. 79
Total $102,510.78
Amount of bonds outstanding, the last of which
falls due July 15, 1887 $46,100.00
The court house was built by the board of county commissioners, whose
representative, J. O. Grimes, spoke next. Mr. Grimes presented the report of
the board, and recounted the preliminary steps toward building the new
court house. He then read the resolution, as presented by Commissioner
Roseman and adopted by the board on April 10, 1879. Messrs. Roseman
and Lochary, he explained, voted for it. Mr. Reed was absent, but afterward
endorsed the action. The Legislature, seeing the necessity of such a proceed-
ing, passed a supplementary act, increasing a former appropriation of fifty
thousand dollars to eighty-five thousand dollars.
The architect was J. W. Yost, of Bellaire, Ohio. The building com-
mittee were as follows: Clerk Mahaffey, Judge Kennon, Sheriff McKitrick
and Isaac Morton. Contracts were let, work commenced in the spring of
1881, and the structure was finished in September, 1883. During the entire
construction, Patrick Lochary was a member of the board. Messrs. Rose-
man and Reed were worthily succeeded by Messrs. Nicholson and Shipman.
The largest contract was awarded to Mr. Townsend, who. with his able
assistant, John Robinson, received public thanks.
Colonel Taylor, on behalf of the people of Guernsey county, made a
stirring speech of acceptance, with many thanks to the commissioners, the
contractors, the architects, to all who had in in any way assisted in or super-
intended its construction, and was loud in his praise of the magnificent court
house itselfr
In the afternoon, there were speeches by Capt. W. M. Farrar, who gave
a short historical sketch of the old court house and the difficulties encountered
in the building of the new. He was followed by Judge Ball, Judge Frazier
and Hon. W. M. Ramsay, a prominent lawyer of Cincinnati, formerly of
Guernsey county. The meeting concluded with a speech by Mr. Yost, the
architect, who met with loud acclaim.
It is believed that the recent years" improvements on this court house —
all needed, too — have made the structure and furnishings cost the county
about one hundred and fifty thousand dollars, and that no such building for
the outlay of public funds can be found in Ohio today.
t;8 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
THE COUNTY JAIL.
The first county jail was a rude log- building, that stood on the site of the
present building. Near it stood the "public whipping post," the last real evi-
dence of narrow-mindedness and uncivilized "civilization."
This log house stood and served until 1835, when a brick jail was erected
on the site of the old one. For its day, it was ample, but with the art of jail-
breaking and the better condition with which "boarders" at public expense
desired to be housed and fed, it was condemned.
The jail now in use was built in 1871, at a cost of twenty-six thousand
dollars, including the later additional iron work inside. It is forty feet square
and is twenty-two feet high, supposed to be safe, but has frequently proven
inefficient against the worst type of prisoners. Yet over fifteen hundred iron
and steel bars were used in its construction. The sheriff's residence is in con-
nection with the jail. The projecting towers, irregular walls and high tow-
ers overhead and the mansard roofing present a good architectural appearance.
COUNTY INFIRMARY.
Nothing speaks more potently of the refinement and Christian sentiment
of any community, than does its care for its unfortunate poor and demented
persons. The great Master declared, "The poor ye always have with you,"
and this has continued to be true even until the twentieth century after Christ
spoke these words. Ohio has never willingly neglected her poor, but. with
the advance of years, has adopted many new and better means for caring
for this unfortunate class. In 183 1, an act was passed creating what was
then named the "poor house." In 1850 this was changed to "infirmary." In
Guernsey county a county farm was purchased in September, 184 1, amounting
to one hundred and sixty acres, to which was subsequently added thirty-two
acres. This is the present county farm, and it is situated about two miles
south of Washington; two and a half miles from Gibson station; two and
three-quarters of a mile from Lore City. In 1841. on a beautiful knoll, there
was erected a brick building, then thought sufficient for many years, but by
[859 it had become too small to accommodate the poor of the county, and a
new, larger building was erected, in addition to the original one. Still later
more additions were made.
The last official report of this institution shows the following: The total
number of inmates was fifty, of whom twenty-eight were men and twenty-
two were women. Above what the farm itself produced, the cash cost to the
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 59
county For the maintenance of this infirmary was three thousand one hundred
and thirty .hilars.
In August, 1S71, at the county infirmary there was an insane man named
John W. Berry, of Liberty township, and because there was no jail in repair
at that time in the county, he was sent to the infirmary for safe keeping in
one of the cells intended for demented persons. The infirmary superintend-
ent, or director. Mr. McCormick, was away from home at the time and his
wife and son were in charge of the institution. The following morning he
hurst the cell door and escaped into the hall-way. and with a slat of wood
(sharp cornered) he killed Robert Richey, aged eighty years, a sound-minded
person, and Agmes Kimball, an insane person aged forty years. He was
finally overpowered and chained to the floor until he could he safely taken
charge of.
THE CHILDREN'S HOME.
Another humane institution of this county is the Children's Home. This
is now located in the city of Cambridge and cares for many of the county's
unfortunate children, especially orphans and those whose full parentage is
unknown to the world. Before the state made a provision for such institu-
tions. Rev. J. H. Nash established a home for such children. The old Met-
calf building, west of the city, was employed by him for a building, but as the
institution became a charge of the state and county under the new- provisions.
a more suitable, permanent home was sought out. The present site in the
very heart of the city, on the high, commanding hill to the east, on the point
or ridge extending between Highland and Wheeling avenues, was purchased
from a non-resident for the small sum of twenty-five hundred dollars
and within a few years would easily have sold for as many thousand dollars.
Here the county erected the present beautiful home in 1886. It fronts on
Highland avenue and is surrounded by large shade trees and a circling walk
and drive-way in front. The first building expense was seventeen thousand
dollars.
The report of the worthy superintendent. Airs. J. S. Prouse, for 1909-10,
shows the following: Total number of children cared for during the year,
sixty-two, forty-three boys and nineteen girls ; one absconding during the last
year from the home. The current expenses for the year was $6,633. The
condensed statement to the county authorities shows that the provisions pur-
chased cost the county. $1,271; groceries. $567; clothing, $160: light and
fuel, $551 ; feed, $516; shoes, $190; salaries, $2,526; schooling, $220; making
a total of $7,526.
60 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Rev. T- H. Nash, a United Presbyterian minister, was the first superin-
tendent and served both in the old and new quarters, resigning in October,
1887. He was followed by J. S. Prouse and he was succeeded by his wife,
the present superintendent, in March, 1906.
The present (1910) board of trustees are: D. M. Hawthorne, president,
Cambridge; C. S. Turnbaugh, Cambridge; Maj. J. W. Moore, Washington;
Samuel Carr. Guernsey.
The county visiting board is as follows : Mrs. E. W. Mathews, Mrs. T.
C. Clark, Mrs. Johnston, Lore City; Henry Wilson, Byesville; James Dyer.
A FIVE-YEAR RECORD.
When County Recorder Arnold left the office in 1909, he kindly left the
following record of instruments filed and the fees for same. He made an
efficient officer and turned over to Guernsey county one thousand two hundred
dollars in fees due the county. The list he gives covered a period of five years :
Deeds recorded 7*665
Total consideration $8,181,246
Acres transferred 141,879
Lots transferred 6,665
Leases recorded 665
Acres leased 31 ,609
Mortgages recorded 4,206
Total consideration $7,059,342
Mortgages released 3.204
Total consideration $2,963,026
Chattel mortgages filed !-576
Chattel mortgages refilecl 1,380
Mechanic's liens recorded 114
The following was the rate of taxation on each hundred dollars worth
of taxable property in Guernsey county, in 1837: State and canal tax. forty
cents; county school tax. fifty cents; road tax, twenty-five cents; township
and poor tax. thirty cents; total average on a hundred dollars of assessed
valuation, one dollar and thirty cents.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 01
AN ABSTRACT OF ASSESSMENT BY TOWNSHIPS FOR THE YEAR 1835.
Total Amt. Each
Twp. as Equalized.
Beaver $25,131
Oxford 33469
Londonderry 36,636
Washington 19,166
Madison 20,200
Wills 36,584
Richland 46,894
Buffalo 18,633
Jackson 18,392
Centre 18,498
Jefferson 14,612
Monroe 12,902
Wheeling 7,675
Liberty 13.515
Cambridge 33-434
Spencer 23,223
Westland 27,032
Adams 19,201
Knox 5.396
Total $430,593
ABSTRACT OF ASSESSMENT FOR I9IO.
Acres. Valuation. Personal. Total Tax.
Adams Township I5-9I6 $222,900 $91,126 $315,786
Cambridge Township 18,428 288,870 171.634 475,914
Centre Township 15,212 303,720 183,334 504,049
Jackson Township 10.083 3°5-4I5 95-333 400,784
Jefferson Township 16,083 177,600 56,070 233,670
Knox Township J5.854 186,480 59.483 245,963
Liberty Township 13,662 i53-l85 89,474 244,279
Londonderry Township .... 22,586 328,835 94.926 462,846
Madison Township J5-359 J83.685 77-195 27I>575
Millwood Township 15.058 189.685 134,271 236,381
62 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Monroe Township !5.942
Oxford Township i'8-I93
Richland Township I5»545
Spencer Township '7-43-
Valley Township T 3-762
Washington Township 1 5,335
Westland Township J 5.978
Wheeling Township J9o77
Wills Township 22,199
Byesville
City of Cambridge
Fairview
Kimbolton
Lore City '
Pleasant City
Quaker City
Salesville
Senecaville
Washington
185,890
55420
252,410
222,085
71.498
300,028
319,830
110.450
431.415
235410
53.986
290,550
290,105
180,163
549483
170,100
25.635
193.735
197-595
116,956
3 1 7,000
422.400
138,884
303.654
275,960
100,176
777-000
125,570
500,000
859.112
3,449,972
27-930
57.535
23.741
52,901
4.981
17.761
43.700
126.000
94.486
290,301
20,743
33413
36,988
"5.573
36.136
71.051
Total 328,200 $5,707,055 $3,747,959 $12,687,324
TREASURY DEFALCATION.
The files of the Teffer sonian, in 1879. give the following paragraphs,
with much more, on the defalcation of County Treasurer Patterson, and his
final conviction and sentence :
"The bondsmen of ex-Treasurer Patterson had a meeting in Adams
township, on last Thursday, to consider, amongst other things, what course
should be pursued as to persons 'who received public money from Patterson
while he was treasurer. At this meeting committees were' appointed to wait
upon those persons who are known to have received public monies from Pat-
terson and ask that the sums be repaid to the bondsmen, to reduce the sum to
be paid by them on the judgment against them in the common pleas court.
Each committee consists of three persons, but we have been unable to get the
names of those selected for this duty."
MORE ON THE TREASURY DEFALCATION.
"The committees appointed at a recent meeting of the bondsmen of late
Treasurer Patterson, in Adams township, have performed the duties placed
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 63
upon them and have called upon the several persons who received public
money from Patterson, and requested its repayment. The sums thus de-
manded to be returned aggregate, so far as we have learned, about three thou-
sand six hundred dollars. Each of the persons to whom application was made
took the matter under advisement, but paid nothing. The conclusion with
some of them was that they would pay hack if they had to do so, or if they
discovered it was just and right to pay they would do it. At this writing the
matter is still under advisement by the parties interested. A committee from
the bondsmen also waited upon the county commissioners at their recent meet-
ing and asked to be released from the interest and penalty on the judgment
rendered against them at the May term of the common pleas court. Their
petition was placed on file for consideration." — Jeffersonian, August 14, 1879.
PATTERSON PLEADS GUILTY !
"After the conclusion of the civil business and some minor criminal mat-
ters at the adjourned term of court on the 14th inst., the case of Ohio vs. John
D. Patterson was called. The prosecuting attorney said to the court that the
defendant waived arraignment and plead guilty. The counsel for Patterson,
Messrs. White and Campbell, confirmed the statement. To the question as
to what did he have to say why the sentence of the law should not be passed
on him, he replied nothing.
"Mr. White said that the court had full knowledge of the facts and cir-
cumstances surrounding the whole case, and that upon his mercy and judg-
ment defendant relied.
"Prosecuting Attorney Steele then said to the court that this was a case
which did not, in his opinion, require the full sentence of the law; that the
defendant had plead guilty and also was not guilty of the other crime —
perjury — arjd that he was not in any of the transactions seeking" to make
money. He had nothing. He and his family had given up everything fully.
He was not charged with maliciously and feloniously appropriating money
and he had furnished the facts necessary to the administration of justice, in
the conviction of another, and he would be glad to see the court exercise the
leniency which the defendant was entitled to under these considerations. He
owed this to justice in the discharge of his official duties.
"The court, in a long and stirring summing up of the case, pronounced
sentence as follows :
" 'It is the sentence of this court that you ( Patterson) be taken hence to
the penitentiary and there confined at hard labor for the term of three years;
64 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
that you pay double the sum named in the indictment and the costs of this
prosecution. The taking of public money is a moral crime.' " — Jeffersonian,
August 21, 1879.
Treasurer J. A. La Follette's defalcation was another spot of official cor-
ruption on the pages of this county's history. He was found guilty of em-
bezzling funds to the amount of about four thousand dollars, and was sen-
tenced to a term in the state penitentiary. Fifty days were allowed for an ap-
peal and he was allowed bonds and moved to Gary. Later, he was denied a
new trial in November, 1910, by the circuit court. The sentence given him
was five years in the penitentiary and to pay the costs of the case and twice
the amount of his embezzlement. Verily, the way of the transgressor is hard.
LAFAYETTE TEMPLE.
ELIAS D. STONE.
I
WILLARD B. JOHNSTON.
#
CARSON B. DAVIS.
CHAPTER VI.
TOLITICAL COUNTY, STATIC AND NATIONAL REPRESENTATION.
While it is not the province of this work to go into any great detail as to
the various political movements within Guernsey county and the many heated
campaigns that have exercised the minds of the voters, it may not be without
profit, for the present and future, to make some plain statements regarding the
votes at important dates, speak of the more exciting political campaigns, and
especially to give as complete a list of the county, state and national repre-
sentation for Guernsey county as the illy-kept election records will permit.
In 1824, Henry Clay received three hundred and forty-six votes, Andrew
Jackson, two hundred and forty-five votes, and John Ouincy Adams, fifteen
votes for President of the United States, in the thinly settled county of Guern-
sey.
THE CAMPAIGN OF 184O.
The campaign of 1840 was the first in which the two opposing parties
were united in their choice of partisan candidates. This campaign will be
handed down as the traditional one in the political history of this nation. The
first Whig national convention at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, was held in
December, 1839. Before this convention were presented as candidates Gen.
William Henry Harrison, Gen. Winfield Scott and Hon. Henry Clay. After
a session of three days, General Harrison was chosen as the candidate. Gen-
eral Scott and Henry Clay pledged themselves to give earnest support to the
candidates nominated. This great uprising of the people at once began to
shape the course of events that were to give to the country a campaign un-
equaled for monster meetings, doggerel verse and carnival pomp. Webster
said in his great speech before the convention, "Every breeze says change."
The Democrats charged Harrison with having been born in a log cabin, living
on corn bread and hard cider, and being an "old granny." The Whigs made
use of all these charges to stir up the people. Harrison became the log-cabin
candidate and the cider-barrel, the coon skin and the cabin door latch-string
and cabins adorned every procession, and the songs of "Tippecanoe and Tyler
CO
66 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Too" were heard throughout the length and breadth of the land. The great
ball rolled on, getting bigger and bigger, with the chorus :
" 'Tis the ball a rolling on,
For Tippecanoe and Tyler too.
With them we'll beat little Van."
The Whig central committee stirred up the woods of old Guernsey as
never before nor since, making the great mass meeting at Cambridge on the
12th of September, 1840, the largest ever gathered by any party, taking into
consideration the country population at that time. They came from east and
west, north and south, and returned to their homes singing:
"What has caused this great commotion,
Motion, motion, our country through ?
It is the ball a rolling on, for
Tippecanoe and Tyler too."
We copy from the Guernsey Times, of January 4, 1840, the following
as a part of the proceedings, issued under a call of the central committee, for
the organization of a county "Tippecanoe club." The meeting was organized
by calling Naphtali Luccock to the chair, and appointing Richard Hatton and
Lambert Thomas secretaries. This meeting was held on the first day of
January, 1840, at which delegates were appointed to the Whig convention,
to be held in Columbus, Ohio, February 22, 1840.
Naphtali Luccock, who is second on the list of the Whig central com-
mittee of 1840, was born in England, and received an education at Cambridge
College, and was apprenticed to John Blacket, grocer and iron monger, Cheap-
side, London. After serving out his apprenticeship he emigrated to America
in 1 82 1, stopping for a time in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Where he engaged
in the commission business. In 1824 he joined the moving tide that was
pressing out into the new west, and settled in Wooster, Wayne county, Ohio,
and later at Coshocton and Plainfield, where he opened a general country store.
In 1830 he removed to Liberty, Guernsey county, where he continued as a
country merchant and farmer until he turned his large business over to his
two sons, Thomas S. and Samuel W., in i860. Naphtali Luccock was a
typical Englishman, of good family, and had rubbed against the squalor and
slum in Cheapside and other marts of the city of London, so that as a natural-
ized citizen of this republic, he was active in all that tended to advance the
people in morals, religion and politics. During his long business life at Lib-
erty, he stood before the public as a model business man, honored and re-
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. C)~
spected by all. He was twelve years a justice of the peace, and the first post-
master at Kimbolton. When the office was established, Liberty was proposed
as the name for the postoffice, but the department ordered that another name
be chosen, there being at the time too many Libertys in Ohio. Mr. Luccock
gave it the name of Kimbolton, after his ancestral home in Huntingdonshire,
England. He took a first and active part in the formation of the Methodist
Episcopal church at Liberty, which was an off-shoot from the Cambridge
church, through the labors of Christian Wyrick and Hamilton Robb, local
preachers. Naphtali Luccock was the first class leader and continued a leading
member throughout his life. Two of his grandsons are preachers of the
Methodist Episcopal church and one a preacher of the Presbyterian church,
and his son, Hon. T. S. Luccock, is a retired minister of the Methodist Epis-
copal church. In the family there is a copy of Fox's "Book of Martyrs,"
handed down from 1537. This is evidence of their religious training.
Naphtali Luccock was the Whig candidate for representative in 1849 anc^
was defeated by Matthew Gaston, Democrat. This was the year of the new
county craze which passed over Ohio, defacing the heretofore county bound-
aries that were made with some little regard to symmetry and parallel lines.
into the present zig-zags of many counties ; notably among these are Guern-
sey, Monroe, Morgan and Washington, sliced up and sawed up to form that
monstrosity of a county that was to be called Noble. In this craze, Guernsey
was to be fleeced on every side, and every little town, north, south, east and
west, wanted to be the county seat of a new county. There was Cumberland
county on the east, with Fairview as the county seat. On the strength of this
new county, a paper was started at Fairview by the late John Morton, Esq.
On the south, Hon. Isaac Parrish wanted Orange, with Sharon as the county
seat. On the west, New Concord was to be the county seat of a new county,
and Bloomfield and Otsego vied with each other as to which should unfurl
the flag of shirehood. On the north, old Senator William Scott wanted a
county of Chester. And "On, Stanley, on ! Charge, Chester, charge !" went
this battle of new counties. This was the time of "roorbacks." "Look out
for roorbacks !" was the cry in every paper. Charges were made in one sec-
tion, and counter-charges in another, but there seemed to be nothing at issue
except new counties. Mr. Luccock, too honest to be an intriguer, making no
pledges to either quarter, was defeated. The county at that time was very
close. Another question came into this campaign that had its effect in the
defeat of Mr. Luccock, the slavery question. The Sheppard family, with
which Mr. Luccock was connected as a relative, had removed from England
to South Carolina, and became the owners of slaves. Upon this question he
68 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
was known as a very conservative man. In 1848, General Taylor, in his
celebrated Captain Allison letter, had said: "I am a Whig, but not an ultra
Whig!" So Mr. Luccock was a conservative Whig, and had at one time ex-
pressed himself, that if he were in the South, he would be the owner of slaves.
This, no doubt, came from the relationship existing between himself and the
Sheppard family in South Carolina, and was drawn, perhaps, from their paint-
ing the beauties of slavery.
This came to the ear of John B. Mitchell, of Liberty township, then a
leading free-soiler and a man of veracity, who published the statement over
his own signature, and the Free-soilers and Democrats used it with great effect
against Mr. Luccock, who would not or did not deny the statement. Tom
Corwin had but a few years before made the mistake of his life, when he said,
"Were I a Mexican," etc. So this, from a Northern standpoint, was a mis-
take. But who among us can say that if born and reared under the influences
of slavery, that we would not have been its zealous advocates? Naphtali
Luccock died in 1868.
ORIGIN OF TERM "HARD CIDER AND LOG CABIN CAMPAIGN."
In 1840, the Baltimore Republican, a prominent Van Buren paper, speak-
ing sneeringly of Gen. William Henry Harrison, said : "Give him a barrel of
hard cider, and settle a pension of two thousand a year, and our word for it,
he will sit the remainder of his days contented in a log cabin." Hence has
come the much-used and well-known term "Log Cabin and Hard Cider Cam-
paign of 1840."
NOTES ON THE CAMPAIGN OF 1 844.
The following, written by the author in 1894, in the Jeffersonian, is con-
sidered good history in this connection :
After the result of the election in 1844 was known to be Democratic in
the election of James K. Polk, President, the Democratic leaders in Cambridge
fixed a day for a general demonstration of joy over the victory of Polk and
Dallas. The headquarters were still at the United States Hotel, kept by John
A. Scott. There were at that time an old six-pound cannon, that had been
used during the militia muster days by an artillery company at Cambridge.
This cannon was common property, and was used on public occasions of re-
joicing by the citizens. At a jollification by the Democrats in 1842, over the
election of Wilson Shannon as governor, some Whig succeeded during the
excitement in spiking the cannon, which stopped that part of the program.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 69
This spike, a rat-tail file, was afterward drilled out by A. W. Beatty, Esq.,
who claimed that a war with England was in the air, and that the cannon
must be made ready for the defense of our frontier from northern invasion.
At the demonstration in 1844, the cannon had been kept under guard for
several days by the Democrats, for fear the Whigs would play the 1842 game
again. It was hauled into the field, now Gaston addition, and unlimbered
and made ready for use. Its boom, reverberating up and down Wills creek,
announced the Democratic victory. As the firing went on, the enthusiastic
cannoneer became more jubilant, and kept increasing the charges as the num-
ber of Democratic states were one by one counted in the victor's boom. When
it came the time to give the boom for Tennessee, the home of the President-
elect, the cannoneer put in an extra heavy charge, ramming it down well with
wads of dog fennel. Just before the match was to be. applied, a cry of "fight"
was heard, and the crowd hurried to the fight, leaving the cannoneer in charge.
The match was applied, and the old cannon gave its last boom. The frag-
ments of the cannon and carriage filled the air, flying in every direction. Alvin
Maxfield, the cannoneer, reaching over one of the wheels to apply the torch,
was unhurt, although the wheels were torn to splinters and the tire thrown
hundreds of feet away. The fight drew the crowd away from the cannon,
and no doubt saved many from being killed or wounded. The fight was not a
political one, although the parties were a Whig and a Democrat. Walter Carr
and John Clark were the belligerents. Carr was a shoemaker, and Clark
charged him with taking some of his leather he had left at his shop. The
fight Was one of advance and retreat, chasing each other up and down the
alley, consuming a good deal of time and creating a good deal of fun for the
onlookers, but there was no blood drawn, or blows struck, except beating the
air. It was a war of words and feints.
OLD-TIME FLAG POLES.
The author published in the Cambridge Times in 1896, the following
concerning early flag-poles in this county, and the same will be here repro-
duced :
The first political flag pole raised within the memory of the writer was
in 1838 by the Democratic party. From the top of this pole floated to the
breeze a banner inscribed, "Wilson Shannon and Bank Reform." This pole
was a hickory, and the top branches were left on it. It was perhaps fifty or
sixty feet high. It was located in the public square, east of the present
Shaffner block. The pole raising was fixed for Saturday, and a general call
7°
crKRXSEV COUNTY, OHIO.
was issued for the Democrats of the county to be present and give a lift for
Democracy and "sound money." After the pole was raised the crowd was
addressed by the Hon. Isaac Parrish, candidate for Congress, and Doctor
Drake, an Irish stump orator from Zanesville, Ohio. He was known as the
progressive Democrat, as one of his chosen sentences in all his speeches was,
"Democracy is Progressin'." Somebody had attempted to paint on the flag
an eagle in flight. The Whigs pronounced it a turkey buzzard, the carrion
bird, fit to represent the rottenness of Wilson Shannon and "Bank Reform."
These were the days of bitter political battles, and neither party was very
choice in words. When the Democrats of Cambridge arose on Sunday morn-
ing, expecting to see their proud banner of reform floating on the quiet
zephyrs of the day of rest, their dismay was unbounded when they beheld their
pole bored down, and their banner trailing against the side of the Shaffner
house opposite. Some Whigs in stealth and darkness, beyond the "wee sma'
hours ayont the twath," had laid low the buzzard and reform.
The next pole raising was by the Whigs in 1840. A large poplar pole,
more than one hundred feet high, was prepared, and a call issued for the
Whigs of the county to assemble at Cambridge, Ohio, on the day fixed, to
give a "lift at the Tippecanoe pole raising." The place selected was in front
of the old court house. The hole in "which the pole was to be planted was dug
the night before by Alfred H. Tingle, father of Alfred H., the McKinley
Club chairman of Cambridge. This hole was guarded through the night for
fear some Democrats would fill it up, and the pole was under like guard for
fear the Democrats would cut it up. When morning came, load after load
of Whigs came in, singing the old rally song of the 22d of February -con-
vention :
"We marched through the streets of Columbus,
And bravely we trod the mud through,
But none of us cared for the weather,
True soldiers of Tippecanoe."
At the appointed hour the pole began to rise. A block and tackle was
made secure to a strong beam across the north door, and another was secured
to the south door, to carry the rope when the latter was properly adjusted to
the pole, the slack being to the south. At the word of command, given by
Gen. James M. Bell, the hundreds of stalwart Whigs, arranged two and two
along the rope, moved toward the south, and with the aid of pike poles, forks
and guy ropes, the pole soon stood erect. With pulleys and cord, the banner,
with the names of Harrison and Tyler, was soon flapping to the breeze, and
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 7 I
above all, from a long streamer made out of American silk, floated, "Protec-
tion to American Manufacturers." Speeches were made by General Bell,
Major Evans, Samuel and John Lindsey, William Lindsey, St., Moses Sar-
chet, Colonel Lofland, Matthew Thompson, and others sang:
"What has caused this great commotion,
Motion our country through?
Is it the ball a rolling on
For Tippecanoe and Tyler too ?
And with them we'll beat little Van,
Van, Van, is a used up man."
John Lindsey had charge of the flag, and on nice days the flag was flung
to the breeze. And when September came, and Vermont voted, the banner
went up. When "Maine went h — 1 bent for Governor Kent," the banner went
up. But there came a time before the November election when the banner
didn't go up. Some Democrats, in retaliation on the Whigs of 1838, cut the
flag rope and stole it away. And "Tippecanoe and Tyler too" went up no
more. But Harrison and protection triumphed at the election just the same.
THE CIVIL WAR PERIOD.
The political complexion in Guernsey during the Civil war period is best
told by the following Republican majorities:
In 1862. the state ticket of this party was carried by 156 majority; in
1863, by 597; in 1864, by 706; in 1865, by 650, and in 1866, by a majority
of 790.
In 1859, the vote on governor in Guernsey county stood: Rufus P.
Ranney (Democratic candidate), 1.663; William Dennison (Republican),
2,103; totai< 3./66.
In 1861, David Tod (Republican) was the recipient of 2.262 votes as
against Hugh J. Jewett, 1.968.
In 1863, C. L. Vallandigham (Democratic) was the defeated in this county
by more than one thousand votes, John Brough being the Republican nominee.
In 1865, Jacob D. Cox (Republican) received 2,503 votes, as against
George W. Morgan (Democratic nominee for governor), 1,853.
In 1867, Allen G. Thurman (Democrat) received 2,052 votes, while
Rutherford Hayes (Republican) received 2,549 votes.
In 1868, U. S. Grant received 2,743 votes as against 1,949 for Horatio
Sevmour for President, Grant beina: elected.
■J2 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
A VISIT TO m'kINI.EY.
The following is extracted from the Cambridge Times of August 6.
1896:
Friday, July 31, 1896, was the day set by the Grand Army of the Repub-
lic post of Cambridge to pay a visit to ex-Governor McKinley at his home in
Canton. The day dawned bright and clear, and about two hundred and
twenty-five ladies and gentlemen boarded the train, and others joined them
throughout the county. The visitors were met at the depot by a reception
committee, a squad of Canton troops, members of George D. Harter and Can-
ton Posts, and the McKinley Drum Corps, and were escorted to the McKin-
ley home. After well-rendered selections by the United Order of American
Musicians, Band of Cambridge, H. S. Moses, commander of George D. Har-
ter Post of Canton, introduced Col. J. D. Taylor to Major McKinley as the
spokesman for the delegation.
After an appropriate and stirring speech by Colonel Taylor, Rev. W. H.
McFarland, chaplain of the Ninety-seventh Regiment Ohio Volunteer In-
fantry, spoke briefly. There was vociferous and hearty cheering as Mr. Mc-
Kinley rose and spoke as follows :
"Col. Taylor, Doctor McFarland, My Comrades and Fellow Citizens :
It gives me great gratification to receive this call from my old friends and
neighbors and fellow citizens of Guernsey county. I have made many visits
to your county in years gone by, and know most of you personally. I know
something of the quality of your population. I know something of the spirit
of your people. I know something of your loyalty and devotion to the Union
in war, and I know much of your loyalty and devotion to patriotism and good
government in peace [cheers] and knowing you as well as I do know you, I
am certain that neither flood nor fire would stop you from doing what you
proposed to do. [Laughter and applause.]
"I am glad to meet the representatives of labor who are assembled here
this morning. I congratulate them upon the advance that has been made in
the tin-plate industry, to which Colonel Taylor has referred. I am glad to
know that Republican legislation gave to this country an industry that gives
work and wages to American workingmen. and brings happiness to American
homes. [Great cheers and applause.]
"I am glad, my fellow-citizens, to meet my old comrades of the Grand
Army of the Republic [applause], my comrades of thirty-five years ago, for
the war commenced thirty-five years ago, and it is nearly thirty-two years
since its close. It seems not so long, nor so far away, but as I look into the
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. JT,
faces of the old soldiers before me today, I see that age is stamping its lines
of care upon them. Their step is no longer as firm and as steady as it was
thirty-five years ago, but their hearts are just as loyal to the old flag of the
Union. [Tremendous cheering.] And they are just as loyal to national
honor today, as they were loyal to national unity then. [Applause.] When
the war closed, there were two great debts resting upon this government.
One was the debt due to the men who had loaned the government money with
which to carry on its military operations. The other debt was due to the men
who had willingly offered their lives for the preservation of the American
union. [Cheers.] The old soldiers waited on their pensions until this great
debt of the government was well out of the way. They waited patiently until
the government of the United States had reduced nearly two-thirds of that
great money debt. The old soldiers were never in favor of repudiating that
debt. [Applause.] They wanted every dollar of the debt paid in the best
coin known to the commercial world [great applause] and every dollar of
that debt up to this hour has been paid in gold or its equivalent, the best recog-
nized money in the world [cheers], and every dollar of that debt, my com-
rades, yet to be paid, will be paid in the same unquestioned coin. [Tremen-
dous cheering.] Most of that debt is out of the way. The great debt of this
government now is to the surviving soldiers of the republic. [Applause.]
There are nine hundred and seventy thousand pensioners on the honored pen-
sion roll of this government today, and the government pays out of its public
treasury in pensions over one hundred and forty million dollars every year to
the soldiers and sailors, their widows and their orphans. Every dollar of that
debt must be paid in the best currency and coin of the world. [Great cheers,
and cries of "The Republican party will see to that."] There is nobody more
interested in maintaining a sound and stable currency than the old soldiers of
the Republic [applause, and cries of "You are right, Major"], their widows
and their orphans. Your old commander, General Grant [applause], whose
memory is cherished by all of you, performed two great and conspicuous acts
while President of the United States, one vetoing the inflation bill, that would
have cast us upon a sea of depreciated currency, and the other was the sign-
ing of the act for the resumption of specie payments that placed every dollar
of money upon the sound foundation of financial honor and unquestioned na-
tional honesty."
The applause following these remarks was overpowering. Imbued with
emotion, his hearers cheered lustily, and broke into cries of "You are right,
you are right !"
74
CI'EKXSEY ail'XTV, OHIO.
In conclusion. Mr. McKinley said :
"I thank you. my fellow-citizens, for this call, so expressive of your
good will and congratulations, and assure you that it will afford me much
pleasure to meet each one of you personally." [Applause and cheers.]
The train arrived in Cambridge at 8.30 P. M., every one delighted with
the pleasant visit.
DIFFERENT VOTES ON PROHIBITION.
With the passing of the decades, the voters of Guernsey county have fre-
quently been called upon to express their views at the polls regarding the
question of selling or allowing the sale of intoxicating liquors within the
county. Among such elections may be named the following: In 1851, a
vote was taken to determine whether a state constitutional amendment should
be added, prohibiting the sale of liquors. In Guernsey county the vote was,
for license, one thousand two hundred and ninety-eight; against license, one
thousand seven hundred and twelve. The majority in all the townships was
one hundred and nineteen for license; five hundred and thirty-three against
license. Temperance was not popular then.
In 1883 the sentiment had materially changed and there was a total vote
of four thousand two hundred and three for prohibition in the county. In
1894 there were four hundred and sixteen votes cast for the temperance candi-
date for President of the United States, out of a grand total of six thousand
votes cast in the county.
The issue was up again throughout the state in 1908, when Guernsey
county voted "dry" by a vote in October that year, of two thousand one hun-
dred and forty-five to one thousand three hundred seventy-five "wet," since
which time the county has been practically saloonless.
Ohio has furnished her share of Presidents of the United States. From
this commonwealth have come the following men who were born here and
finally elected to the highest office within the gift of the people: William
Henry Harrison, Benjamin Harrison (grandson). William McKinley, Jr.,
Rutherford B. Hayes, James A. Garfield and General U. S. Grant. All but
Grant and Harrison were citizens of Ohio at the time thev were elected.
Of the delegates who helped frame the various state constitutions of
Ohio, William Lawrence and Robert Leech came from Guernsey county and
assisted in the making of the 1850-51 constitution, while Hon. Charles J. Al-
bright was a delegate to the convention forming the third Ohio constitution
of 1872.
(ii Kk.xsKV riii'Mv, oino.
75
i -k ]■:-! i >i: x riAi. \<>i k.
1832 — Andrew Jackson
.1,356
William Wirt. Ant
-
-?-?
1836 — William H. Harrison. .
.2,074
Martin Van Buren
.1,652
1840 — Martin Van Buren . . .
.2,186
William H. Harrison. .
.2,606
J. G. Birney (Abol.) . .
• 13
1844 — (No vote found)
1848 — (No vote found)
1852 — (No vote found)
1856 — (No vote found)
i860 — (No vote found)
1864 — (No vote found)
1868— U. S. Grant (R)
•2.743
Horatio Seymour (D) .
.1,949
1872— U. S. Grant (R)
.2,629
Horace Greeley (D) . .
.1,901
Jeremiah Black
. 11
1876— R. B. Hayes (R) 3,106
Samuel J. Tildcn (D) . .2,460
1880— James A. Garfield (R) . .3,118
W. S. Hancock (D). ..2,568
J. B. Weaver (Gbk.) . . . 26
Neal Dow (Temp.) 36
1884 — James G. Blaine
Grover Cleveland (elected)
1888 — Benjamin Harrison (elected)
Grover Cleveland
1892 — Grover Cleveland (elected)
Benjamin Harrison
1890 — William McKinley (elected)
William J. Bryan
1900 — William McKinley (elected)
William J. Bryan
1904 — Theodore Roosevelt (elected)
Alton J. Parker
1908— William H. Taft (elected)
William J. Bryan
CrilKkXAniRIAL VOTE.
1810 — Return J. Meigs 204
Thomas Worthington . . 31
1812 — Return J. Meigs 183
Thomas Scott 143
1814 — Thomas Worthington . . 329
O. Looker 19
1 816 — Thomas Worthington . . 483
James Dunlap 179
1818 — Eathan A. Brown 574
James Dunlap 186
1820 — Eathan A. Brown 364
Jeremiah Morrow 382
1822 — Jeremiah Morrow 765
Allen Trimble 244
824 — Jeremiah Morrow ....
719
Allen Trimble
713
826— Allen Trimble
1.704
24
6
Alexander Campbell . .
828— Allen Trimble
973
John W. Campbell ....
925
830 — Duncan McArthur (Wl
igO
923
762
Robert Lucas (D) . . . .
834 — Robert Lucas (D)
1.344
James Findley (Whig)
1-259
838— Wilson Shannon (D) . .
2,090
Joseph Vance (Whig) .
1.938
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
1840 — Wilson Shannon (D)..2,326
Thomas Corwin (Whig) 2,6 17
1842 — Wilson Shannon (D) . . 2,387
Leicester Kink (Abol) . . 85
Thomas Corwin (Whig) 2,388
1844 — Mordecai Bartley (Whig)
2,700
David Tod (D) 2,651
L. King (Abol) 277
1846— William Bebb (Whig) . .2,414
David Tod (D) 2,421
Samuel Lewis (Abol) . . 378
1848— John B. Weller (D) . . . .2,569
Seabury Ford (Whig) . .2,525
1850 — Reuben Wood (D) 2,269
William Johnson (Whig)
2,286
Edward Smith (Abol).. 299
1851— R. Wood (D) 1,671
Sam F. Vinton (Whig) . 1,796
Sam Lewis (Abol) 238
1853— William Medill (D) . . . . 1,500
Nelson Barere (Whig) . 1,4 14
Sam Lewis (Abol) 633
1855— William Medill (D) .. . . 1,361
Salmon P. Chase (R) . . 1,893
Allen Trimble ( Know-
nothing) 130
1857 — Henry B. Payne (D) ... 1,793
Salmon P. Chase (R) .. 1,911
P. Van Trump (Know-
nothing) 65
1859— R. P. Raney (D) 1,663
William Dennison (R). 2,103
1861— Hugh J. Jewett (D) . . . 1,968
David Tod (R) 2,262
1863— C. L. Vallandigham (D)
1.952
John Brough (R) 2,929
1865— George W. Morgan (D) . 1,853
Jacob D. Cox (R) 2,503
1867— Allen G. Thurman (D). 2,052
R. B. Hayes (R) 2,549
1869— George H. Pendelton (D)
1,836
R. B. Hayes (R) 2,380
1 87 1— George W. McCook (0)1,831
Edward F. Noyes (R) . .2,417
1873 — William Allen (D) 1,799
Edward F. Noyes (R) . .2,156
( Xo returns for balance of governors)
1874— William Allen
1876 — Rutherford B. Hayes
1878— T. L. Young
1880 — Charles Foster
1884 — George Hoadley
1886— J. B. Foraker
1890 — William McKinley, Jr.
1896 — Asa Bushnell
1900 — G. K. Nash
1904— M. T. Herrick
1906 — J. M. Patterson
1908 — Judson Harmon
19 10 — Judson Harmon
CONGRESSMEN.
From 1803 to 181 3 Ohio was represented in the Congressional House
of Representatives by Jeremiah Morrow, of Warren county, who from 1813
to 1819 was one of the senators of the state in Congress; from 1822 to 1824
he was governor of Ohio. The members of Congress representing Guern-
sey county from 1810 are shown by the subjoined table:
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. yj
1809-13, Jeremiah Morrow, of Warren county.
1813-17, James Caldwell, of Belmont county.
1817-21, Samuel Herrick, of Muskingum county.
1821-23, John C. Wright, of Jefferson county.
1823-25, John Patterson, of Belmont county.
1825-27, David Jennings, of Belmont county.
1827-29, John Davenport, of Belmont county.
1829-33, William Kennon, of Belmont county.
1833-35, James M. Bell, of Guernsey county.
1835-37, William Kennon, of Belmont county.
1837-39, Alexander Harper, of Muskingum county.
1839-41, Isaac Parrish, of Guernsey county.
1841-43, Benjamin S. Cowen, of Belmont county.
1843-45, Alexander Harper, of Muskingum county.
1845-47, Alexander Harper, of Muskingum county.
1847-51, Nathan Evans, of Guernsey county.
1851-53, Alexander Harper, of Muskingum county.
1853-55, Wilson Shannon, of Belmont county.
1855-57, Charles J. Albright, of Guernsey county.
1857-59, William Lawrence, of Guernsey county.
1859-61, Thomas C. Theaker, of Belmont county.
1861-63, James R. Morris, of Monroe county.
1863-65, Joseph W. White, of Guernsey county.
1865-73, John A. Bingham, of Harrison county.
1873-77, Lorenzo Danford, of Belmont county.
1877-79. Gibson Atherton, of Licking county.
1879-81, Jonathan T. Updegraff, of Jefferson county.
1881-83, J. D. Taylor, of Guernsey county.
1883-85. J. T. Updegraff.
1885-87, J. D. Taylor, of Guernsey county.
1887-89, J. D. Taylor, of Guernsey county.
1889-91, H. C. Van Voorhis.
1(891-93, H. C. Van Voorhis.
1893-95. H. C. Van Voorhis.
1895-97, H. C. Van Voorhis.
1897-99, H. C. Van Voorhis.
1899-1901. H. C. Van Voorhis.
1901-03, H. C. Van Voorhis.
1903-05, H. C. Van Voorhis.
j8 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
1905-07 — B. G. Davis.
1907-09, James Joyce.
1909-11, James Joyce.
From the eleventh to the twenty-second General Assembly, inclusive,
Guernsey, Tuscarawas and Coshocton counties composed a senatorial district.
From the twenty-third to the forty-third General Assembly, Guernsey and
Monroe counties constituted a senatorial district. To the forty-fourth, forty-
fifth, forty-sixth, forty-seventh, forty-eighth and forty-ninth General As-
semblies, Guernsey and Coshocton joined in electing senators. From the
fiftieth General Assembly, the first under the 185 1 constitution, Guernsey and
Monroe have composed a senatorial district.
Guernsey county first obtained a separate representation in the lower
House in 181 2. At present Guernsey county is within the nineteenth senator-
ial district, while it is within the fifteenth congressional district of Ohio.
STATE SENATORS AND REPRESENTATIVES.
Under the constitution of 1802, representatives to the Ohio General As-
sembly were chosen annually, at the October election. Senators were elected
for the term of two years. The present (1851) constitution provides for an
election of members of the Legislature every two years, senators and repre-
sentatives being elected at the same time and for the same length of term.
In the ninth General Assembly of Ohio, which convened at Zanesville in
December, 1810, being the first session held after the organization of Guern-
sey county, it was represented, with Muskingum and Tuscarawas, by Robert
McConnell in the Senate, and George Jackson and David J. Marple, in the
House of Representatives.
Senators. Representatives.
181 1 — Robert McConnell George Jackson
William Frame
1 81 2 — Ephraim Sears Zaccheus A. Beatty
18 1 3 — Joseph Wampler Thomas Henderson
1 8 14 — Joseph Wampler Thomas Henderson
1 81 5 — Abraham Shane Thomas Henderson
1816 — Abraham Shane Cyrus P. Beatty
1(817— David Robb Cyrus P. Beatty
1818 — David Robb Thomas Hanna
18 19 — David Robb Isaac Grummond
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 79
1820 — David Robb Isaac Griimmond
182 1 — Wilson, McGowan Lloyd Talbott
1822 — Wilson McGowan Isaac Grummond
1823 — Zaccheus A. Beatty Isaac Grummond
1824 — Zaccheus A. Beatty Thomas Hanna
1825 — Thomas Hanna William Thompson
1 826— Thomas Hanna James M. Bell
1827— David Robb James M. Bell
1828— David M. Robb James M. Bell
1829 — Thomas Weston James M. Bell
183a— Thomas Weston James M. Bell
183 1 — Robert Thompson David Tullis
1832 — Robert Thompson Samuel Bigger
1833 — Isaac Atkinson Samuel Bigger
1834 — Isaac Atkinson John Craig
1835— William Scott Joel F. Martin
1836 — William Scott Samuel Bigger
1837 — William C. Walton Isaac Parrish
1838— William C. Walton Joel F. Martin
1839— William Scott Robert B. Moore
1840 — William Scott William Israel
1 84 1 — William C. Walton Turner G. Brown
1842 — William C. Walton William Douglas
1843 — William Armstrong William Lawrence
1844 — William Armstrong William Skinner
Jesse Meredith
1845 — French W. Thornhill Thomas W. Tipton
1846 — French W. Thornhill Xewell Kennon
1847;;— Peter B. Ankeny William Morrow
1848 — Peter B. Ankeny William Morrow
1849 — Andrew Ferguson Mathew Gaston
Hugh McNeely
1850 — Andrew Ferguson Alexander Mitchell
James J. Grimes
1852 — John Ferguson Andrew Patterson
1854 — Western C. Sinclair Thomas Oldham
1856 — William Lawrence Robert Campbell
Abraham Simmons
1858 — Marshall Morrow Hugh Broom
Francis Rea
8o GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
i860 — Stephen Potts James W. Watt
1862 — John D. O'Connor Joseph Ferrill
1864 — John D. O'Connor Joseph Ferrill
1866 — Robert Savage John T. Clark
1868 — William Lawrence Ross W. Anderson
1870 — James O. Amos Ross W. Anderson
1872 — James O. Amos Abraham Armstrong
1874 — John W. Laughlin Abraham Armstrong
1876 — J. B. Williams Thomas S. Luccock
1878 — J. B. Williams Thomas S. Luccock
1880 — Frank Atkinson Roland S. Frame
1882 — Charles P. Simons Roland S. Frame
il886 — William Lawrence William E. Bowden
1888— D. H. Mortly D. D. Taylor
1890— J. L. Meyers D. D. Taylor
1898 — David H. Mortly James Joyce
1900 — J. L. Meyers W. L. Simpson
1902 — J. E. Hurst W. L. Simpson
1904 — Alex. Smith F. T. Eagelson
1906 — J. P. Mahaffey F. T. Eagelson
1908 — J. P. Mahaffey John McCreary
1910 Thomas A. Bonnell
COUNTY TREASURERS.
The first county treasurer was John Beatty. The records show the fol-
lowing to have been elected in the years following 1818:
1 819 — John Beatty 1845 — William Abell
1822— George R. Tingle 1847— William Abell
1824— L. Talbott 1849— T. Arneel
1827 — Ebenezer Smith 185 1 — T. Arneel
1829 — George Metcalf 1853 — Stephen Potts
1 83 1— Hamilton Robb 1855— Stephen Potts
1833 — Hamilton Robb 1857 — William Borton
1837 — Hamilton Robb i860 — Joshua Gregg
1839 — William Ferguson 1865 — T. M. Johnson
1841 — N. Kennon 1866 — T. M. Johnson
1843 — N. Kennon 1867 — W. A. Lawrence
CI KKNSI-'V ( "I 1 1 • N I Y
1869 — W. A. Lawrence
1871 — James H. Hatton
1872— John Gregg
1873 — James H. Hatton
1875 — John D. Patterson
1877 — John D. Patterson
1878— J. S. Wilkins
1880— J. S. Wilkins
1882— John E. Sankey
1884— John E. Sankey
1886— Milton Turner
1888— John O. Couplin
1890 — John O. Couplin
1892 — John A. Bliss
1894 — John A. Bliss
1896— T. M. Bond
1898— T. M. Bond
1900 — R. B. Acheson
1902 — R. B. Acheson
1904 — Jacob A. LaFollett
190S — L. S. Linkhorn
1910 — L. S. Linkhorn
1 810— Thomas Knowles
1825— William Allison
1826— Adam Clarke
1828— Adam Clarke
1830 — Andrew Metcalf
1832 — Andrew Metcalf
1834 — John Beymer
1838 — Joseph Bute
1840 — -John Beymer
1842 — John Beymer
1 844 Needham
1846
1848
1 850— L. Birch
1852— L. Burns
1854 — L. Burris
1856 — Mathew B. Casey
1858— Mathew B. Casey
i860 — Alexander Johnston
1862 — Alexander Johnston
1864 — William Stewart
1868— William B. Barnett
1870 — William B. Barnett
1 S72— William H. Hanna
1874— William P. Hartley
1876— William McKitrick
1878— William McKitrick
1880— John N. McGill
1882— John McGill
1884— Hugh McDonald
1886— Hugh McDonald
1888— William H. C. Hanna
1890— William H. C. Hanna
1892 Mason
1894 — John C. McMillen
1896— John C. McMillen
1898— J. B. Dollison
1900 — J. B. Dollison
1902 — Ira H. Watson
1904 — Ira H. Watson
1906 — H. K. Moore
1908 — H. K. Moore
19 10 — J. S. Berry
(6)
82 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
CLERKS OF THE COURT.
From imperfect records of elections the following is as near a list of
clerks as can now be clearly given (C. P. Beatty was first) :
1851— W. M. Farrar 1890— Alfred Weeden
1854 — W. M. Farrar 1893 — Henry M. Dungan
1857— Thomas Lanfesty 1895— A. B. Hall
1875 — Robert Hammond 1898 — A. B. Hall
1878— J. P. Mahaffey 1901— Andrew J. Linn
1 88 1 — James R. Barr 1904 — Andrew J. Linn
1884 — James R. Barr 1907 — Elza D. Trott
1887— Alfred Weeden 1910— Elza D. Trott
Cyrus P. Beatty. Zaccheus P. Beatty, Cyrus P. Beatty, Moses Sarchet,
Thomas W. Peacock and George McLaran, served up to 185 1, in this order
of succession.
In the olden days in this county, the following was the court crier's an-
nouncement :
"Hear ye, hear ye, hear ye, all manner of persons who sue or implead,
or stand bound by recognizance, or have otherwise to do before the honor-
able court of common pleas of Guernsey county, let them draw near, give
their attendance and they shall be heard, for this court is now open. God
save the state!"
ASSOCIATE JUDGES FROM l8lO TO 1851.
Jacob Gomber, Robert Spears, Thomas B. Kirkpatrick, William Frame,
James Leeper, Thomas Henderson, Elijah Bealle, George Metcalf, David
Tullis, William Skinner, Turner G. Brown, William Thompson, Stewart
Speer, Joseph D. Tingle, Robert Marshall, Robert Reed, Zadock Davis.
These associate judges were elected for a term of seven years.
COUNTY AUDITORS.
Beginning with 1824, the auditors of Guernsey county have been as fol-
lows :
1824 — Robert A. Moore 1832 — Robert B. Moore
1826 — Robert B. Moore 1834 — Robert B. Moore
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
83
1838— John Hersh
1840— John Hersh
1842 — John Hersh
1844 — A. Armstrong
1846 — A. Armstrong
1848— William Endley
1850 Ruth
1852 Ruth
1854 — William Endley
1856 — Joseph D. Tingle
1859 — J. M. Carson
1862 — Francis Hammond
1864 — Francis Hammond
1866 — Francis Hammond
1 868— A. A. Taylor
1870 — Francis Hammond
1872 — Francis Hammond
1874 — J. K. Brown
1 876— J. K. Brown
1877— W. E. Bowden
1878— W. E. Bowden
1880— John C. Beckett
1882— John C. Beckett
1884— John C. Beckett
1886 — Thomas Smith
1888— Thomas Smith
1890— J. E. McClelland
1896— William P. De Hart
1899— William P. De Hart
1902 — William P. De Hart
1902 — Daniel A. Wallace
1908 — Daniel A. Wallace
1906 — Daniel A. Wallace
1908— W. D. Deselm
19 10 — W. D. Deselm
COUNTY RKCOKDKKS.
The first recorder was Robert Johnson.
1834 — John Ferguson
1837— Jacob G. Metcalf
1840 — William Smith
1843— William Smith
1846 — C. Armor
1849 — C. Armor
1852 — Moses Marsh
1856 — Moses Marsh
1864— Moses Marsh
1867— P. T. Suitt
1870— P. T. Suitt
1873— H. B. Huffman
1876— H. B. Huffman
1879 — Rodolf Thomas
1882— Rodolf Thomas
1885— J. K. Casey
1888— J. K. Casey
1 89 1— William F. Pagett
1894— William F. Pagett
1897 — John C. Crossen
1900 — John C. Crossen
1903 — F. P. Arnold
1906— F. P. Arnold
1908— C. S. Stock-dale
19 10 — C. S. Stockdale
COUNTY SURYKYoRS.
The only election record found of county surveyors in this countv is the
following, but several others have evidentlv served :
84
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
1810 — George Metcalf, by appoint-
ment.
1838 — John Kennon
1840 — Charles Carroll
1850 — Mr. Dougherty
1852 — Mr. Morton
1862 — J. Cosgrove
1865 — J. Cosgrove
1868 — David Thompson
1 87 1 — Robert McKahan
1877 — Robert McKahan
1880 — Jonathan W. Garber
1883 — Jonathan W. Garber
1886— Mr. Hester
1889— O. M. Hoge
1892— O. M. Hoge
1895— William B. Webster
1898— William B. Webster
1904 — C. B. Davis
1910 — C. B. Davis
COUNTY COMMISSIONERS.
1826— William Scott
1827 — William Lowry
1830 — William Lowry
183 1 — William Robinson
1832 — Isaac Parish
1834 — Robert Campbell
1837 — Robert Reed
1838 — Samuel Lawrence
1839 — A. Laughlin
1840 — James Wharton
1 84 1 — Samuel Lawrence
1842 — Alex Laughlin
1843 McMahon
1844 Mitchell
1845 Bell
1849 — J. Lyons
1850 — Danford, Stranathon
1 85 1 Sankey
1852 Spear
1853 Robins
1854— Robert Wilkins
1856— Ben j. L. Mead
1857 — Alexander McCoy
1 861 — Henry McCartney
1862 — M. Morton
1864 — Henry McCartney
1865— M. Morton
1867 — Henry McCartney
1868 — Jonathan Rose
1869 — William Brown
1870 McCleary
1873 McCleary
1874 — Jonathan Rose
1875 — Thomas C. Mackey
1876 Reed
1877 — Pat Lochary
1878 Roseman
1880 — Pat Lochary
1 88 1— A. M. Nicholson
1882 — John Shipman
1883— J. B. Hartley
1884— A. W. Nicholson
1885 — John Shipman
1886— J. B. Hartley
1887 — George Watson
1888 — John Thompson
1S89— John T. Beggs
1890 — George Watson
1 89 1 — John A. Thompson
1892 — John W. Graves
1893 — James Kaho
1894 — Samuel R. Smith
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
85
1896 — James Kaho
1897 — Samuel R. Smith
1898— Jed Williams
1900 — Samuel Smith
1902 — John T. Beggs
1904 — L. P. Moore
1905 — James C. Orr
1908 — Elias D. Stone
1910 — Elias D. Stone
— Willard B. Johnston
— Lafayette Temple
The ahove is not a complete list, but as nearly so as records of this date
disclose.
INFIRMARY DIRECTORS.
For many years this office was known as the poorhouse director.
1842 — John Barton
1843 Smith
1844 Sproat
1845 Barton
1849 — J. Hastings
1850 Leeper
1 85 1 — M. Frame
1852 Withrow
1853 ■ Leeper
1854 — M. Frame
Samuel Dunn
1856 — Samuel Dunn
1857 — Moses Frame
(To 1862 no record)
1862— M. Zahnizer
1864 — John R. Forsythe
1867 — E. Finley
1868— S. Brown
1869 — William H. Hoover
1870 — E. Finley
1871 Cunningham
1873 — E- Finley
1874 — George A. Mooney
1875 — J. S. Gander
1876 Kester
1877 — James McClanahan
1878— J. S. Gander
1 880 — James McClanahan
1 88 1— J. S. Gander
1882 — James B. Gibson
1883— Alfred Skinner
1884— David L. Mackey
1885 — James B. Gibson
1886 Spencer
1887 — Isaac McCullom
1888— Alex. Speer
1889 Spencer
1890 — John H. Robinson
1 89 1 — Alex. Speer
1892— H. M. Beymer
1893 — James H. Robinson
1894 — James Shaw
1896— R. W. Lowry
1898 — Samuel L. Johnson
1899— R. W. Lowry
1900 — Robert Bums
1902 — John C. Anker
1904 — W. C. Leonard
1905 McCleary
1908 — A. G. Ringer
1910 — J. H. Bond
S(,
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
I'KnSECUTIXG ATTORNEYS.
The first prosecuting attorney was Samuel Herricks, at organizati
1833 — Isaac Parrish
1837— William W. Tracy
1839 Gaston
1 84 1 — Nathan Evans
1843 Ferguson
1845 White
1849 — J- O- Grimes
185 1 Skinner
J853 Buchanan
1856— John M. Bashfield
1857 — Francis Creighton
1 86 1 — Francis Creighton
1865 Taylor
1867— M. Barnes
1 87 1 — J. O. Grimes
IS73-
"J-
O.
Grimes
1875-
-J-
C.
Steele
1877-
"J-
C.
Steele
1881-
-M
. F
'. Patterson
1884-
-John
M. Locke
1887-
"J-
H.
Mackey
1890-
-J-
H.
Mackey
1893-
-J-
II.
Mackey
1 896 — John
H. Locke
1S99-
-A.
L.
Stevens
1902-
-A.
L.
Stevens
1905-
-C.
S.
Sheppard
1908— C.
s.
Sheppard
1910-
-B.
F.
Enos
JUDGES.
Among the probate judges of this county are these :
1 85 1 — James De Long
1854 — James De Long
1857 — J. C. Ford
1869— W. H. Dougherty
l&75 Buchanan
1878 Kennon
1 88 1— L. P. Hossick
1886— John H. Weger
1890— N. H. Barber
1895— W. H. Gregg
1900 — W. H. Gregg
1905 — H. W. Luccock
1910 — H. W. Luccock
CORONERS.
The first coroner of Guernsey county Was Joseph Smith, by appointment,
when the first officers were selected at organization. From 1822 they have
been these :
1822 — Thomas Lenington
1825 — Thomas Lenington
1827 — Otho Brashear
1830 — John Dixon
1832 — William Israel
1834 — Thomas McCullough
GUERNSEY COUNTY. OHIO.
1838 — Samuel Marshall
1840 — Edward Daugherty
1842 — David Needham
1844 Scott
1850 Burris
1852 Johnson
1854 — Ben. Cole
1856 — George B. Leeper
1860— L. T. Bonnell
1862 — Alexander H. Milligan
1864 — John Leeper
1 87 1 — Isaac A. Oldham
1873 — William B. Rosemond
1875 — William B. Rosemond
1877 Forsythe
1878— J. H. Sarchet
1881— J. H. Sarchet
1885— J. H. Sarchet
1887— J. H. Sarchet
1889— J. H. Sarchet
1 89 1— J. H. Sarchet
1893— J- H. Sarchet.
1895 — Ed. M. Dougherty
1897 — Ed. M. Dougherty
1899 — Doctor Vorhies
1901 — Doctor Vorhies
1903 — W. B. Yeo
1905 — W. B. Yeo
1907 — W. B. Yeo
1909 — A. G. Ringer
1910 — A. G. Ringer
CHAPTER VII.
MILITARY HISTORY OF THE COUNTY.
Xo generation will look back with shame at the military record of the
loyal old Buckeye state. Her early pioneers were men of undaunted courage
and bravery ; they were the people who saw the receding forms of the savage
red men as they bid a long farewell to their vast and beautiful hunting grounds
and wended their way toward the setting sun, to far beyond the "Father of
Waters." They were descendants of the brave and patriotic men who de-
clared and finally gained their independence over the mother country. Then
it is not strange that, when assailed by traitors at home and outlaws on our
southern borders, the people of Guernsey county rallied around the flag,
which by their devotion and sacrifice has come to be revered as no emblem on
the earth, save the cross of Christ alone, is honored in this the close of the
first decade in the twentieth century.
Guernsey county, however, was settled but little in the days of the last
war with Great Britain (that of 1812-14) and not even explored when the
Revolutionary war was being "fought, hence the part it took in these struggles
was almost entirely precluded. Yet, there were numerous soldiers of the war
of 1812, who afterward became sturdy pioneers here on Guernsey soil and
assisted in opening up the county. Also, there Were some who had served
in the great war for independence who found their way to these green, glad
solitudes, when but few white men had looked upon these fair and fertile hills
and dales.
Thus the conflicts in which the brave men of this county took an active
part may be stated as being the war with Mexico, the great Rebellion, from
1861 to 1865, and the Spanish-American war of 1898, when, over the sinking
of the warship "Maine," and the inhuman treatment given to her subjects on
the isle of Cuba, Spain was humbled from her once proud throne and given to
understand that America stood for justice and liberty, cost what it might.
Before passing to the military history, proper, of this county, the reader
is invited to read the following history of a Revolutionary soldier, who at one
time resided in this county and whose bones are now entombed within this
soil.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 8c>
A REVOLUTIONARY CHARACTER.
In the Guernsey Weekly Times of January 21, 1904, there appeared a
sketch by Col. C. P. B. Sarchet, of a Guernsey county boy, James Rimer Wil-
liams, of Salina, Kansas, who died on January 2, 1904. There is some history
connected with this family that we will give. His grandfather, David Wil-
liams, came to Cambridge, when a young man, from Scotland, with his
brother-in-law, Robert Nicholson, in 1817. He was by trade a weaver, but
for some years he was a bar-keeper at the old Tingle tavern in Cambridge.
There he became acquainted with Catherine Brown, who was a working girl
at the same tavern, and they were married in Cambridge, January 13, 1825.
Her father was a keeper in the old log-gaol, the first county jail. After their
marriage they settled on a farm in Jackson township. James P. Williams,
father of James Rimer Williams, was the oldest son of David Williams. He
married, in Jackson township, Sarah Peodvin, daughter of Nicholas Peodvin
and Sarah O'Harer. She was their only child. Nicholas Peodvin was a
cousin of James Bichard, grandfather of the writer, and came to Cambridge
along with the French Guernsey settlers in 1807. After the death of Nicholas
Peodvin, James P. Williams and his wife came into the possession of the
Nicholas Peodvin farm in Jackson township, which he afterward sold, about
1864, to Hon. J. W. White, and purchased the William Rainey, Sr., farm in
the same township. From this farm he moved to Kansas. White sold the
farm to Jonathan Gander, and it became known for many years as the Gander
farm. The Rainey-Williams farm is now in the possession of the heirs of
E. R. Nyce. Connected with the William Rainey family was Andrew Whit-
tier. He died at the remarkable age of one hundred and twenty-four years,
being born in Germany in 1716, dying in 1840. He was buried in a grave
yard located on the banks of Wills creek below Byesville. He was a soldier
in the Revolutionary war. The last we have heard of his place of interment
was that the creek was undermining the bank of the graveyard, and that the
bones of this old hero, whose foreign blood he was ready to shed that this
great free republic might live and become what it is, the greatest nation of
the world, were about to be washed down Wills creek.
About the time of the report referred to by Colonel Sarchet, the patriotic
people of Jackson township and Byesville village removed the bones of Whit-
tier to the old Cambridge Baptist cemetery, where they are duly marked with
a monument, inscribed with his wonderful age of one hundred and twenty-
four years.
9o
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
SOLDIERS OF l8l2.
Guernsey county was represented in the war of 1812 by three companies
of militia, commanded respectively by Capt. Simon Beymer, Capt. Absalom
Martin and Capt. C. P. Beatty. We have recently come into possession of
the names of the members of these companies, which we publish below, as a
contribution to the history of the county. Few, if any, of the present genera-
tion know anything- about the experiences of their ancestors in eastern Ohio,
during that war. Few know that Guernsey county, sparsely settled at it was
in 1 81 2, sent so many soldiers into the field. The following two companies
were in the detachment commanded by Col. Robert Bay :
CAPTAIN BEYMERS COMPANY.
Simon Beymer, captain
Stewart Speer, first lieutenant
Henry Beymer, second lieutenant
David Slater, sergeant
Andrew Dougherty, sergeant
George Wines, sergeant
Robert Ewings, sergeant
William Beymer, corporal
David Moore, corporal
Nicholas Baumgardner, corporal
Frederic Beymer, corporal
William Englehart, corporal
Alex. Barton, corporal
John Bickham
Daniel Bates
Findly Collins
David Dougherty
George Dye
James Hawkins
Levin Lewis
Andrew McGowan
Joseph Reed
Frederick Saltsgayer
John Sickman
Henry Steers
Jacob Thomas
Nehemiah Williams
Argus Morris
Thomas Brannon
Ezekiel Bates
William Cook
Ichabod Dilley
Elisha Evans
Henry Llewellyn
James Lard
James McConnell
Samuel Shevel
William Satterfield
William Smith
William Sherman
John Vanpelt
Charles Birch
Ford Barnes
William Chance
Joshua Clark
Abraham Dilley
Peter P"ry
Joseph Lyn
Robert Lancing
John Rainey
cckuvm-.i t in .\ i v, oiiio.
9i
Moses Steppenson
Thomas Smith
Andrew Sickman
Presley Sickman
Moses Wright
CAPTAIN MARTIN S COMPANY.
Absalom Martin, captain
Wyatt Hutchinson, first lieutenant
James Sherman, second lieutenant
John Bratton, sergeant
George Sudden, sergeant
Thomas Mullen, sergeant
William Israel, sergeant
Thos. De Britner, corporal
Edward Milner, corporal
C. Donover, corporal
James Edwards, corporal
Edw. Davis, corporal
Henry Wolford, corporal
Josiah Barron
Moses Beard
Thomas Read
Henry Carrel
Bernard Duwit
Jacob Hart
Aaron Hedges
James Miles
Philip McWilliam
Thomas Merritt
John Read'
Jonathan Stull
Jacob Dedrick
David Wilson
Thomas Wilkins
James Warnock
Atkinson Mitchell
David Burns
Joseph Bowers
William Kerns
Henry Davis
James Everett
William Hanna
Lewis Lambert
John Mealman
William Moore
John McGiven
Joshua Reaves
George Shipley
John Dedrick
Jonathan Warne
John Woodbeck
Peter Wirick
David Brown
Thomas Barron
Joseph Bell
Joseph Coyle
David Delong
William Kirk
Henry Hite
George Launce
William McGiven
William Maple
Samuel Poke
Philip Shoaf
John Sealer
Michael Dedrick
Andrew Wirick
Robert Warnock
David Delong
92
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
CAPTAIN BEATTY'S COMPANY.
Cyrus P. Beatty, captain
David Burt, lieutenant
Nicholas Stoner, ensign
John Leverick
Henry Whetstone
Joseph Archer
James Delong
James Thomas
William Linn (absent)
Samuel Beymer (absent)
William Gibson
James Shipley
James Fuller
John McKee
Robt. Atkinson
Elijah Williams
William Talbutt
James Noble
David Clark
James Parkhill
Jonathan Eastman
William Stewart
Samuel Styers
Isaac Styles
Joseph Ward
James Waddle
James *Bigham
James McMullen (absent)
Joseph Wilkey
John Shipley
Michael Wirick
George Warne
Alexander Harper
George Miller
Eli Bingham
John Wiley (absent)
William Roak
William Van Horn
Garret Reasoner
Richard Scott
William Gibson, Jr.
Robert Lowery
John Beymer
Arthur Adair
George Shivel
William Anderson
Ezekiel Shipley
Andrew Henderson
Thomas Dennis
William Oyler
Hugh McCoy
Rodney Talbutt
Robert Lansing
Ford Barnes
John Bollen (absent)
William Morehead (absent)
Tohn Conner
On the hack of the muster roll of the above company, Lieut. -Col. Z. A.
Beatty writes that he has inspected the ammunition, arms, etc., of the detach-
ment, and finds them to be as follows : Powder in horns, two and one-half
pounds; balls in pouches, ninety; pouches and horns, eleven; rifles, thirteen;
muskets, one. By a note on the muster roll we learn that Lieutenant-colonel
Beatty forwarded this report to Colonel Bay on August nth, Beatty being
then at Zanesville. He explains in this note why no non-commissioned offi-
i.l IJRiXSIC (in NTS , nil 111. <;3
cers have been appointed, the officer desiring to become better acquainted
with the men before making those appointments.
OFF TO THE WARS.
Iii the early days of Cambridge, the only blacksmith shop in town was
that of William McCracken, father of Alexander McCracken. Day after
day, the sound of the hammer was heard in his place, and trade was busy.
But then came the war of 1812, and all the able-bodied men of the place en-
listed for active service. William McCracken quenched the fire in his forge,
put down his hammer, locked the door, and set off with a musket. But to
this the worthy people of Cambridge could not agree. Some one must shoe
their horses, and there was none in the land of Guernsey who approached
McCracken in skill and capacity. So a collection was taken up, to which the
interested ones gladly contributed, a substitute was hired to shoulder the
musket, and William McCracken perforce returned to his forge, kindled the
fires and once more the blacksmith shop rang with the sound of the hammer.
SOLDIERS OF THE WAR OF l8l2.
At a meeting of the soldiers of the war of 1812, held in the court house
square September 3, 1869, the following registered their names for the pur-
pose of petitioning the general government for pensions :
Elijah Grimes, aged eighty years, residing at Cambridge.
George Macomber, aged seventy-five years, of Cambridge.
Peter Klingman, aged eighty-one years, of Cambridge.
Joseph Waller, aged seventy-eight years, of Cambridge.
George- McGannon, aged eighty-three years, of Cambridge.
William Phillips, aged seventy-eight years, of Cambridge.
William Turnbaugh, aged eighty-one years, of Cambridge.
John McGiffin, aged eighty-five years, of Cambridge.
Adam Rankin, aged seventy-five years, of Midway.
Thomas Brown, aged seventy-six years, of Washington.
Andrew Bay, aged seventy-one years, Leatherwood.
Thomas N. Muzzy, aged eighty years, of Cumberland.
George McCormick, aged eighty-one years, of Antrim.
Adam Bucher, aged eighty-two years, of Rochester.
Edward Milliner, aged eighty-four years, of Millinersville.
94 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Others who reported later were: Samuel F. McKinnie, aged eighty-
seven years, of Washington township; Joseph McKinnie, aged seventy-six
years, of the county, and also Robert Richey.
Governor R. B. Hayes and Col. John Ferguson spoke on the occasion of
the meeting above referred to.
THE MEXICAN WAR.
The part taken in the war with Mexico, from 1846 to 1848, by the citi-
zens of Guernsey county was not great. The reason was that the county was
thinly settled at that date, and for the reason that Ohio was only called upon
for three regiments of troops. While many from this county intended to go,
the quota for the state was made up before the companies could be raised here.
Some, however, did enlist in other counties and served through the war. It
was supposed that a large parade of soldiers would be held here on the drill
grounds of the home militia company, the same to be made up from several
companies from Columbus and other points, and at which time many here
in Cambridge intended to offer their services, but a change was made by a
sudden military order, and the parade did not come off, hence no chance was
given here to enlist. There have, however, resided many soldiers Who be-
came settlers of Guernsey county, after having served from other Ohio
counties.
The following is to be found in the Times for August 6, 183 1 :
BRIGADE ORDERS.
"The Commissioned and Staff Officers of the Second Brigade, and the
15th Division of Ohio Militia, will parade in the town of Washington, on
Tuesday, the 30th day of August next, at 10 o'clock A. M. — and continue
under the command of the Brigadier-General, until 3 o'clock P. M., on the
succeeding day — armed, uniformed and equipt as the law directs.
"By order of the Brigadier-General,
"William Skinner,
"Brigade Inspector.
"All officers will appear in white pantaloons.
"July 25th, 1831."
THE CIVIL WAR.
Without attempting to give the causes that led up to the breaking out of
the Civil war — that terrible conflict between the North and South — the writer
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 95
will hasten on to the pleasing task of setting forth in record form the deeds
of sacrifice and valor performed by the soldiery of Guernsey county, between
1861 and 1866, that future generations may read with a just pride of the
loyalty displayed by their forefathers. Considering her population and size,
during that- conflict, no county sent forth more men in defense of the flag than
Guernsey, and Ohio, as is well known, outrivaled most states in the Union.
So frequent were her regiments going to the front, that at one time, late in
the struggle, the governor took exceptions to the letter President Lincoln
wrote to New Jersey, when that state sent a regiment out. Mr. Lincoln wrote
the governor of that state, and kindly thanked its people for the regiment.
Ohio's war governor had never once been thanked by a personal letter from
the good President, and yet the troops \vere constantly going" forth, at his
bidding, to do battle. Then Lincoln, after receiving the reprimand from the
governor here, sent him one of his characteristic communications, in which he
said that he no more thought of sending a letter of thanks to Ohio than he
did every- morning when Mrs. Lincoln passed him a fresh cup of coffee— that
he always knew he was welcome to it and that it was coming, too. This was
the greatest compliment the state of Ohio could expect and was satisfied, as
was her governor.
As the first soldiers were about to leave Cambridge, in 1861, the follow-
ing appeared in the Jcffersonian and will, by their kindness and permission,
here be quoted, for its intrinsic value in this war chapter of the county's
history.
OFF TO THE WAR.
"The first company of Cambridge volunteers left this place on Tuesday
morning for Columbus, there to await the orders of the President. They are
a fine looking body of men, and they will no doubt 'stand by their colors'
through 'thick and thin.'
"We shall watch the destiny of the Cambridge Volunteers, with all the
solicitude which high regard and affection can inspire, and while we shall ever
hope to hear that victory and honor have perched upon their ensign, yet our
highest happiness, under providence, will be to take them by the hand once
more,
" 'When wild war's deadly blast has blown.'
"God bless the brave boys is the heartfelt prayer of every citizen of our
town.
"Officers — Captain, James Watt Moore; first lieutenant, Charles H.
Moore; second lieutenant, John T. Rainey; first sergeant, Walter Barnett;
96
CI'KKXSKV COUNTY, OHIO.
second sergeant, Alfred H. Evans; third sergeant, James Johnson; fourth
sergeant, J. C. Wiser; first corporal, Moses Stockdale; second corporal, George
\Y. Hutchison ; third corporal, Dr. James Anderson.
"The following is as complete a list of names with places of residence
as is now obtainable, of this volunteer company that left this place Tuesday
morning. It should be carefully preserved :
Henry H. Mercer, Cambridge
David Frazier, Cambridge
John Frazier, Cambridge
John Nelson, Cambridge
John W. Meek, Cambridge
Thomas Kilburn, Knox township
James W. Moore, Guernsey county
Chas. H. Moore, Guernsey county
James Johnson, Guernsey county
William Armstrong, Cambridge
H. S. Hyatt, Zanesville
J. D. Meek, Byesville
Josiah Scott, Cambridge
John Beabout, Center township
Robert E. Stiers, Senecaville
Samuel Beadling, Cambridge
Joshua McPeek, Cambridge
Thomas Carr, Cambridge
John McKim, Guernsey county
Moses Stockdale, Antrim
W. A. Arnold, Hartford
Thomas Lindsey, Cumberland
Perry Singer, Claysville
Thomas McManaway, Cambridge
Elijah Bell, Cambridge
Andrew Waller, Washington
Isaac McBirney, Washington
W. F. Nicholson, Cumberland
Harrison Danifer, Cambridge
W. T. Frazier.
C. F. Camp, Claysville
James Delong, Cambridge
John Bately, Cumberland
E. M. Morrison, Kennonsburg
Joshua M. Stiers, Se'welsville
J. E. Gillett, Winchester
J. M. Anderson, Birmingham
F. M. McDowell, Cambridge
James Davis.
Thompson Rose, Liberty
Samuel Shreeves, Cambridge
Thomas Temple, Liberty
Samuel Gregg, Senecaville
M. D. Starr, Claysville
R. A. Cusac, Cumberland
Isaac J. Murphy, Claysville
W. Landy, Cambridge
J. B. Barnet, Claysville
J. T. Rainey, Cambridge
W. Stewart, Gallaghers
A. H. Evans, Cambridge
George W. McKim, Cambridge
John Carter, Cambridge township
Daniel J. Buckstone, Cambridge
Nathan Downer, Cambridge
John B. Meyer, Cambridge
Alonzo Miller, Cambridge
Andrew G. Beabout, Center township
Simon Sines, Center township
James Gray, Center township
George W. Stult, Salesville
G. W. Davis, Bridgeville
Ebenezer Williams, Bridgeville
John C. Meagher, Guernsey county
GUERNSEY COUNTY., OHIO. 97
George W. Hutchison, Cambridge John H. Murphy, Cumberland
James McConehay, Cambridge Charles Osborn, Salesville
William Johnson, Jackson township George Klingman, Cambridge
James Turner, Center township John Clark Wiser, Cambridge
Richard Bucey, Center township Stout P. Wallace, Cambridge
William Murphy, Westland township William C. Crawford, New Concord
Joseph Allen, Cumberland William Beadling, Cambridge
Samuel Conner, Cumberland
During the Civil war there were three regular drafts for the tilling up
of Guernsey count)- quota, under the various calls for men by President Lin-
coln. The first was dated May 17. 1864; the second was June 14th. the same
year, and another June 21st. From three hundred dollars to one thousand
dollars was paid as a bounty for substitutes. The following shows the
drafted men by townships, the same being compiled January 31, 1865:
Wheeling township, 10; Monroe township, 16; Londonderry township.
21; Washington township, 18; Oxford township, 19; Millwood township
15; Centre township, 6: Wills township. 21 ; Madison township, 8; Jefferson
township, 8; Cambridge township, 1; Liberty township, 12; Adams tow-nship,
0 ; Knox township, 10; Spencer township, 14; Westland township, 6; Rich-
land township, 7; Valley township, 15; Jackson township, 3; total, 219.
Deputy Provost Marshal John B. Cook was shot dead in his back yard
in [865, by persons supposed to have had trouble with him over a proposed
draft, which they were evading. John W. Hartup and Hiram Oliver were
arrested, tried before a court martial under General Ord. The trial lasted
three months and the result was that the men were hung for the crime, one
having confessed.
Over two thousand men entered the Union army from Guernsey county,
a record to be proud of by the citizens of the county.
The principal commands in which soldiers served from Guernsey county
were these: The Fifteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Twenty-sixth Ohio
Volunteer Infantry. Sixty-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Seventy-eighth
Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Ninety-seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Eighty-
eighth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, One Hundred and Twenty-second Ohio Vol-
unteer Infantry, One Hundred and Seventy-second Ohio Volunteer Infantry,
First Ohio Cavalry Regiment.
(7)
<,l KKXSKY COUNTY, OHIO.
SOLDIERS AID SOCIETIES.
Not alone did the men of Guernsey county show their patriotism in
suppressing the Rebellion from 1861 to 1865, but the work of the ladies was
potent and duly appreciated by the soldiers in tent, hospital and field. In
every township in this county there were societies doing their best to provide
things of necessity and comfort for the men in the field. At Cambridge, the
Times files of April 9, 1863, have the following item, worth preserving in this
connection :
"Our society was organized February 23, 1863, and though we have
been cramped for means and by reason of the high prices that prevail, yet
we will struggle on and not let this society go down so long as this dreadful
war continues. YYe wish all who have promised to contribute and have not
sent their contribution in would do so at once.
"During the winter the ladies have made the following articles : Eight
shirts, eight pads, four slings, forty towels, eight rolls of bandages, six eye-
shades, four pair of slippers, five sheets. On March 21st we sent to the Cin-
cinnati branch of the United States Sanitary Commission, one barrel and one
box of fruits, dried fruits, jellies, wines and a half barrel of onions.
"(Signed) Sallie G. Lyons,
"Secretary."
A REGIMENTAL PRINTER.
Tn the Cambridge Times of April, 1864, an item appears as follows:
"The Eighty-eighth Regiment, having purchased a press and the necessary
type for printing general orders, requisitions, reports, etc., has appointed
Francis M. Sarchet, of the regiment, as regimental printer. He formerly
served an apprenticeship in this office. Though he is a young man, we feel
warranted in saying that he is a good printer and will do good work. Suc-
cess to Frank !"
JOHN MORGAN'S RAID IN GUERNSEY COUNTY.
We take this account of Morgan's raiders in this county, from the Cam-
bridge Times of July 30, 1863 :
"John Morgan, with the remnant of a band composed of the most villain-
ous cut-throats and scoundrels, the sweepings and accumulations of two years
of murdering and plundering among helpless people, amounting in number to
probably six hundred, found his way into this county on Thursday, the 22nd
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 99
inst., and entered the town of Cumberland about three o'clock in the after-
noon of the same day. As usual, his pickets were thrown out, and the work
of insult and plunder commenced.
"The stores of Colonel Squier and Mr. Holmes, respected citizens of that
place, were plundered of clothing and such articles as they seemed to need.
Colonel Squier lost about four hundred dollars worth of goods, and Mr.
Holmes about three hundred dollars worth. From Mr. Thomas Lindsey one
dirt}' thief stole, or forcibly took, twenty-five dollars. After robbing Lindsey.
the Butternut asked him if he was a Vallandigham man. Lindsey replied
that he was not, but instead was a good Union man. Butternut then pro-
ceeded to electioneer for his friend Val., by telling Lindsey that no better man
lived anywhere than Vallandigham; that he ought to support him — using a
considerable number of arguments to convince Lindsey that it was his duty to
vote for that glorious friend of the South and its cause, Vallandigham.
"In and about Cumberland they succeeded in stealing about one hundred
good horses. While in town they quartered upon the inhabitants, from whom
they insolently demanded food or whatever else they wished. They left
Cumberland about eight o'clock in the evening, after perpetrating all the devil-
ment they could, except burning the town and murdering the inhabitants.
"The next place they turned up was at Hartford, in Valley township,
which place they retired from without doing any material damage. We did
learn that they robbed Mr. George Miller, of Hartford, of one thousand five
hundred dollars, but as we have not heard it confirmed, presume it is not so.
"At Senecaville they made a short stay, stole numerous horses, and took
the road to Campbell's station. While at Senecaville, we learn that one of the
thieves entered a stable belonging to a gentleman of that place, and, with
drawn revolver, demanded a horse. The owner, instead of giving him a
horse, gave him a blow alongside of his head with a club, which caused Mr.
Secesh to give up all intention of dealing in horseflesh for the time being.
Said Butternut is now lodged in our jail.
"When the celebrated John was sojourning in Cumberland, a certain
Doctor, formerly hailing- from the Hoskinsville region, and of Hoskinsville
proclivities, had a horse confiscated by the Morgan thieves. The Doctor re-
monstrated against the proceeding, and in the bill of exceptions set forth that
he had a patient that he must see and that was the only animal he had to ride.
Butternut sets forth in his answer that if the said Doctor would give him
seventy-five dollars, he would surrender the horse. Whereupon the Doctor
forked over the amount, and when John and his thieves retired, the Doctor's
horse also retired with a Butternut on his back, and left the Doctor with a
IOO GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
feeling of goneness in the pocket and to mourn the untimely departure of his
trusty pill packer.
"Query, wasn't the Doctor a little verdant?
"At Campbell's Station, they burned the warehouse and its contents, be-
longing to Mr. John Fordyce, after robbing his safe, containing, we learn,
about four thousand dollars in money, two thousand dollars of which be-
longed tn Air. Thomas Frame; also the railroad bridge convenient, and three
freight cars loaded with tobacco, cut the telegraph wires and started for
Washington. Here they made a grand stand ; threw out their pickets, and
prepared for war. We believe they did no damage in Washington, at least
we have heard of none, except eating up what provisions the people had on
hand, and relieving them of a few horses. At this place, General Shackleton
came upon the thief with one thousand Union cavalry, which caused him to
skedaddle in doublequick. A smart skirmish ensued at the edge of the town,
the rebels firing one volley and running, as usual. In this skirmish, three
rebels were wounded, two of whom are since dead and the other expected to
die. On the road from Washington to Winchester the rebels made two more
stands, each for a few minutes, when they fled. During one of these skir-
mishes, three rebels were captured. Near Winchester, Colonel Wallace, with
a few troops and one piece of artillery, joined General Shackleford.
''The rebels, after the last skirmish, succeeded in getting some distance
ahead of our forces, we failing to get in sight of them again in this county.
"It appears, from conversations with eight of Morgan's men, who were
captured, ami are now in the county jail here, that the scoundrels despaired of
reaching home many days ago, and that they roamed about without any defi-
nite object beyond a very slight hope that they might find an unguarded cross-
ing on the Ohio river. They claim to have had plenty to eat, and but little
time to eat it, so hard were they constantly pressed by our troops. They made
it a point to take every horse they met with that was of any value, and when
they stole a horse they generally turned loose some poor tired-out animal.
How many horses they stole in this county we cannot possibly say, but as they
stole all along the route, they must have picked up a considerable number.
"As John Morgan and his band are now captured, the people can settle
down and content themselves with at least a hope that one horse-thieving
scoundrel and disturber of the peace of the country, will get his just deserts.
1 f our people don't shoot him for the raid, the rebel authorities will be sure
to. if they ever lay hands on him. He has wasted and destroyed, on a fool's
errand, the best body of cavalry they had in their service, and all to no pur-
pose in the world. Such a senseless expedition never started since the world
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. IOI
began. He has failed to perform a single achievement that is worth thinking
of a second time.
"Rebel raids into loyal states — whether on a great or a small scale — have
but one ending, the defeat and utter route of those attempting them. John
Morgan ventured this time something out of his usually safe line, and, in
crossing the Ohio river, marked his track with foul murders — the killing of
peaceful and unoffending citizens. It was but a little while until he found
the spirit he had aroused, — the great mistake he had made, — and his fate will
be the fate of all such scoundrels who undertake similar expeditions. They
are the disgrace of civilization, and the villains will in future be hunted down
as men hunt down wild beasts, and when caught, a 'short shrift and a long
rope' will be all the compensation these blood-stained wretches will receive at
the hands of a justly outraged people. We are told that in one section of this
countv they were so very urbane and polite that they quite charmed our people.
We, for one, are sick of this accursed cant about 'politeness,' 'chivalry,' etc.,
this trifling with murder and every black crime. And when we look at the
horrors so long carried on with impunity by this vile, black-hearted cut-throat
and his land-pirate gang, we cannot say that we would object should the result
of the whole matter be a "short shrift and a long rope,' from the friends and
relatives of the persons he and his band have so foully murdered, and whose
property he has so wantonly destroyed."
"CAMBRIDGE SCOUTS" AFTER MORGAN'S RAIDERS.
(Published in the Jeffersonian in January, 1891, by Col. C. P. B. Sarchet, who took part
in the campaign.)
Before the raider, Gen. John Morgan, with his rough raiders, reached
Ohio, at Harrison, near Cincinnati, on July 14, 1863, Governor Tod had pro-
claimed martial law in Ohio, and called out the militia. To this call more
than fifty thousand responded. These militia were minute men, who were
ready to leave their offices, shops and farms at a moment's notice. The militia
of the state had been enrolled and officered by companies. The writer had
been commissioned a captain, by Governor Tod, to enroll three regiments in
Guernsey county. This had been done and the writer was elected colonel
of the First Regiment of Guernsey county, and as we remember now, the
then editor of The Jeffersonian, McClelland, late of the Barnesville Enter-
prise, and the present editor of the Guernsey Times, D. D. Taylor, mustered
in this regiment, and each carried a cornstalk as well as anybody. We want
to record the part that the "Cambridge Scouts,'' a company composed of
102 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
colonels, captains, lieutenants and high privates, under the immediate com-
mand of Col. John Ferguson, late from the seat of war, took in the chase after
"Morgan's Rough Raiders," July 15, 1863.
The "Cambridge Scouts," in command of Col. John Ferguson, under
orders of Governor Tod, left Cambridge for Chillicothe, taking, at Zanesville,
the Cincinnati & Wilmington railroad for Circleville. This company of
seventy-five or eighty men reached Circleville sometime after dark, and slept
on the soft side of the pavement until morning, experiencing at the outset a
taste of grim-visaged war. Here we were breakfasted in squads, at the
several hotels. Transportation by wagon was to have been ready here to take
us to Chillicothe, but this had not been provided, nor could it be obtained
now. for fear Morgan would capture the horses. He was reported near Chilli-
cothe. with three thousand men, heading north, closely pursued by General
Hobson, With the Union 'forces and militia. Our place of rendezvous was
Chillicothe, where we were to be armed and equipped for war. A heavily-
loaded canal boat, bound south, came along, the captain was coerced, and the
company took the upper deck. All day long, amid the hot July sun, we
boarded the perils of "the raging canal," as the ciy ever and anon was heard,
"low bridge," when we had to flatten out to keep from being scraped off, and
drowned in the green scum of the Ohio canal. Arriving at Chillicothe a little
after nightfall, we found the men, women and children fleeing for their lives.
We were told that Morgan was coming, and that Paint creek bridge had been
burned to stop his progress. We debarked from the boat and formed com-
pany on the towpath, and marched in quick step through the city, to the rail-
road running south to Hampden, where the militia had formed in line to re-
ceive arms, and fell into the line. All was darkness and confusion, not a
light shone from any house, all places of business were closed, valuables were
being carried away or secreted. The arms 'were being slowly given out. and,
to make "confusion worse confounded," a report came that Morgan had cut
the railroad near Hampden and was sweeping everything before him. Hun-
dreds of men took arms, and strapped their cartridge boxes around them, who
perhaps never before had had a gun in their hands, and moved off down the
railroad, falling over the crossties and themselves, and on every hand was
heard the cry. "You fool, you keep off my heels." By the time our com-
pany moved down to the place of armament, the arms were exhausted, and
we were given the freedom of the city, with orders to report at the place of
armament in the morning, as more arms were to be sent down from Columbus.
We had had no supper, and the quarters assigned was the market house, which
was already jammed. As we were marching up through the city, we had
GUERNSEY COUNTY, (II I Id. I OJ$
seen a small show tent pitched on a vacant lot. We marched to it, determined
to make it our quarters for the night. After some parley with the proprietor,
we were allowed to march in, and for one night we "tented on the old camp
ground," but not to sleep, as the boys kept up the rallying song, "We'll Rally
'round the Flag" and "Way Down in Dixie Land."
In the morning we were marched to the market house, where rations had
been provided of sandwiches and coffee, to which we did ample justice, not
having had anything to eat since the previous morning. Anxious to see Paint
creek, and the remains of the bridge destroyed to prevent Morgan's crossing
into the city, we walked down and found a good ford, which was traveled at
low tide, and in summer preferred to crossing the bridge. Its destruction
was one of the exciting freaks of the war, and the alarm that gave rise to its
destruction was the coming of a funeral procession, with solemn tramp, all
oblivious of the threatened danger of the beleaguered city. For years this
bridge was not rebuilt, the commissioners of Ross county claiming that the
state or the person in command, whose foolhardiness caused its destruction,
should rebuild it. All day long we moved about the doomed city, awaiting
arms and further orders. By even-one came rumors, that Morgan had cut
his way through the main force and was pushing northward. The streets
were deserted, except by the militia and a few of the citizens. No women were
to be seen, the blinds of the windows were down, and death-like solemnity
reigned supreme. Late in the afternoon a dispatch came that Morgan was at
Portland above Pomeroy, making for Buffington's Island, where he would
make an effort to cross the Ohio. We were ordered home, and late at night,
we boarded a canal boat, loaded with baled hay, which we took for Circleville,
making our beds on the bales of hay. The boys improvised songs with a
chorus, "As We go Sailing on the Raging Canal." When we arrived at Cir-
cleville the next day. the siege of Chillicothe being raised, and the imminent
danger being passed, we were not so hospitably treated as we were going to
the front, but had to forage for our dinners as best we could. Again taking
the cars for Cambridge, we arrived late at night, after four days' service in
"grim visaged war." As we marched up street, the boys sang. "Johnny's
Come Home from the War."
We give below some extracts from Bazil W. Duke's article in the January
Century, entitled, "A Romance of Morgan's Rough Raiders" :
"The Ohio militia were more numerous and aggressive than those of
Indiana. We had frequent skirmishes with them daily, and although hun-
dreds were captured, they assumed operations as soon as turned loose. What
104 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
excited in us more astonishment than all else we saw were the crowds of able-
bodied men. The contrast with the South, drained of adult males to recruit
her armies, was striking and suggestive of anything but confidence on our
part in the result of the struggle.
"When a thirsty cavalryman rode up to a house to inquire for buttermilk,
he was generally met by a buxom dame with a half dozen or more children
'peeping out from the voluminous skirts, who, in response to a question about
the 'old man' would say : 'The men have all gone to a rally; you'll see them
soon enough.'
"In Ohio, on more than one occasion, we found pies in deserted houses,
hot from the oven, displayed on tables conveniently spread. The first time
I witnessed this kind of hospitality was when I rode up to a house where a
party of men were standing around a table furnished as I have described,
eying the pies hungrily, but showing no disposition to trouble them. I asked
in astonishment why they were so abstinent. One of them replied that they
feared the pies were poisoned. I was quite sure, to the contrary, that they
were intended as a propitiatory offering. I have always been fond of pies —
these were of luscious apples, Swank orchard, so I bade the spokesman hand
me one of the largest and proceeded to eat it. The men watched vigilantly
for two or three minutes, and then, as I seemed much better after my repast,
they took hold ravenously.
"Morgan had thoroughly planned the raid before he marched from Ten-
nessee. He proposed at no time to be far from the Ohio river, so that he
might avail himself of an opportunity to recross. On reaching the borders
of Pennsylvania, he intended, if General Lee should be in the state, to make
every effort to join him ; failing in that, to make his escape through West
Virginia.
"At Piketown we learned that Vicksburg had fallen, and that General
Lee, having been repulsed at Gettysburg, had returned across the Potomac.
Under the circumstances this information was peculiarly disheartening."
(From the Jeffersonian of January 29, 1891.)
The following dispatch was sent to the military committee of Cambridge :
"Columbus, Ohio, July 22, 1863.
"I think Morgan crossed the Muskingum this morning, near the south
line of Noble county. Send messengers into Noble county to call out the peo-
ple to obstruct the roads to the Ohio river. Be on the alert yourselves, for he
may take north. "D. Tod, Governor."
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 105
A company was quickly raised and mounted, armed with rifles, pistols,
shotguns and old muskets, and placed under the command of Col. John
Ferguson, in the evening on the scout into Noble county. The company num-
bered sixty or seventy, and was increased on the march to perhaps one hun-
dred men. We arrived at Cumberland, Guernsey county, about ten o'clock
at night, and after a stop for a short time, pushed on into Noble county, to
lliramsburgh and Hoskinsville. Here a halt was made until daylight. A
squad of four men in charge of the writer was ordered to McConnelsville to
learn of Morgan's whereabouts. As near as we now remember, this squad
was Elza Turner, J. R. Downar, George Frazier and another not remembered.
We arrived at McConnelsville about noon. But long before we got there, we
met men, women ami children fleeing from the town, giving us the informa-
tion that Morgan was crossing at Eaglesport, and that "we had better turn
back, or he would take us." We told them that "we were hunting for Mor-
gan, and were going to take him dead or alive."
We galloped on into the town, and found all excitement and confusion
and the citizens in a state of terror. There seemed to be no organization of
militia, or anything that looked like fight, but some women scraping lint and
preparing bandages. We stayed long enough to learn that Morgan was pass-
ing around the town, then we started back to report to the command. On
our way back we could hear of Morgan on another road, and we were, in fact,
in his front for some time. When we got back to the command it had moved
off without leaving word where. We determined to go to Cumberland.
It was now very dark, and after nightfall we pushed on as best we could,
often taking the wrong road, having to dismount and examine for the road.
After a time we came upon the command, which had halted on account of the
darkness. We gave them our news, the first they had had concerning Mor-
gan. We were now near Cumberland, and not knowing Morgan's direction,
we parleyed for a time as to what course we should take. It was finally de-
cided that a squad of picked men, under Lieutenant Squiers, should go for-
ward to learn more of Morgan. The writer was one of the number. We
moved on with caution in the darkness toward Cumberland. After advanc-
ing a few miles, we met some men carrying bridles and saddles. They told
us that Morgan's raiders were in Cumberland, that their horses had been
taken, and they themselves detained as prisoners for a time. They said that
Morgan's pickets were down at the bridge, but a short distance back. Our
lieutenant proposed to the squad that we hide our arms and go down to the
pickets, claiming to be farmers on our way to Cumberland to see Morgan,
but the squad did not propose to give up their horses to Morgan, but pro-
I06 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
posed to go forward and run in the pickets. This the lieutenant objected to.
and standing on our arms, sent back for the command to come up. Whilst
waiting, we could hear Morgan's raiders reveling on the good things of the
people. The town was well sacked. The pickets were soon called in. and,
the command coming up. we galloped into the town by one road, Hobson and
Shackleford on another. The command of Morgan were not yet all through
with their pillage. We managed to take two prisoners, whom we sent under
guard to Cambridge. Morgan pushed on toward Hartford, trying to burn
the bridge over the creek behind him. But the pursuers were too close, and
the fire was soon extinguished. One hundred well-armed men in Morgan's
front, anywhere between Eaglesport and the Central Ohio railroad could have
held him in check long enough to have been taken by the pursuing forces.
This day, July 24th. was spent between Cumberland and Winchester, passing
through Hartford, Senecaville, and at Campbell's Station checked for a time
by the burning of the bridge by Morgan over Leatherwood creek and the
station house. Morgan halted at Washington long enough to dine off its
citizens. The town was picketed on the east and west. How well it was
done the "heroes of Hyde's Hill" may in the future write up its history. Mor-
gan's pickets on the south were driven in by Hobson's advance, and the whole
column of raiders got out of Washington, helter-skelter, toward the north,
making a stand over the hill, which is known in the history of this raid as the
"battle of Washington." In this battle four of Morgan's men were killed or
mortally wounded, and several prisoners taken. Another stand \vas made at
Saltfork bridge, where the entire pursuing force was checked until dark, reach-
ing Winchester in the night, where a long halt was made, as Morgan made
a feint of going toward Birmingham, with a part of his command, but took
again the Antrim road, the whole column joining again at Antrim. There
had been a heavy rain in the afternoon, and it was still raining. All was
darkness and confusion. The fanners were coming in to hear the news, and
a general exchange of horses was going on. A detachment of troops sent
down from Cambridge by wagon were being mounted as fast as horses could
be conscripted. This night's ride from Winchester to Moorefield told upon
pursued and pursuers. The men were drenched to the skin, saddles and
blankets wet and heavy, road muddy and slippery, horses jaded and hungry,
many fell by the wayside and the troopers left to plod along carrying saddle
and bridle, until a horse could be captured. The pursuing forces moved on
slowly through Antrim, Londonderry, and on to Smyrna. Here a halt was
made to examine the road, as it was reported that Morgan's forces had taken
the Freeport road. At Londonderry, the Writer was suffering severe pain in
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. IQJ
stomach and bowels. He roused up an old friend and former fellow-citizen,
Doctor John McCall, who prepared us medicine that relieved our pain and
sent us on our way rejoicing. And this ought to be a good enough record,
when in the future a grateful state shall pension her gallant sons, who threw
down the implement of peace and flew to amis and horses to chase the maraud-
ers from her sacred soil. Before reaching Stillwater creek, we could see the
flashes of light that told that Morgan had burned the bridge behind him. It
was now two o'clock — rain pouring down, thunder and lightning adding their
dashing light and rumbling roaring as on we galloped.
"Through dub and mire
Despising wind and rain and fire."
He fore coming to the burning bridge, a part of the command, having a
battery of two guns, made a detour up the creek to a bridge to cross over.
The rest moved on down the bottom and began crossing below the burning
bridge. To make this ford was dangerous and at the same time amusing.
Crossing by twos, plouting into the mud and water up to the saddle skirts,
plunging through, and hallooing back to those in the rear, "over" : then a
steep, slippery bank had to be climbed to reach the road. This being gained,
the word came back, "up." After all were over a halt was made to await the
action of the party that made the crossing farther up the creek, and the entire
command laid down to rest on the roadside. Here for the first time we lay
down to sleep since leaving Cambridge, having confidence enough in our tired,
jaded horses, that they would stand by and not tramp on the tired, water-
soaked troopers.
When the bugle sounded the march, the sun was just peeping out clear
and bright in the eastern horizon, and as we felt the warm, drying rays, men
and horses seemed to make obeisance to the "God of Day." Our horses had
nipped the grass in the fence corners and barked the rails, and were ready to
gallop on. Of this day's ride of seventy-two miles from sun-up to sun-down,
and the capture on the next, it is our purpose to tell in the following account.
So far the pursuit was a chase. The pursued had the advantage of the
fresh horses on the line, but now Morgan was to meet opposing forces in front
and flank and rear, and to use a fox-chase term, the pursuers had come to the
"last straw line," and the fox is in the square.
Rev. W. M. Ferguson, of Washington, wrote of Morgan and his raiders
at the time as follows :
"On Friday last, 24th, six hundred and seventy of the marauders took
possession of this town. The writer conversed freely with Morgan himself
IOS GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
and with several members of his staff. They said that the Unionists were far
more cruel and destructive than they, and that one object in coming across
Ohio was to give us a taste of what the South had for years seen and suffered
from our armies. Such a raid has never been known before. It is more than
a thousand miles long from its first start in Tennessee, marked by a line of
green graves — and the grandest horse exchange ever witnessed. Morgan's
band stole (so Lieut. Thomas J. Morgan, John's cousin, told me) on an aver-
age three hundred horses a day."
(From the Jeffersonian of February 5, 1891.)
This day, Saturday, July 25, 1863, Morgan began to play the leading
card on the military board. To make a crossing of the Ohio river was the
desired goal. As we passed through Moorefield in the early morning, the
hogs and chickens were feasting on the remains of corn and oats left by Mor-
gan's horses, where they had been fed in a long line on Main street. The men
had breakfasted off the citizens. So that our inquiry for something to eat
was answered by, "Morgan has just eat us out." Morgan usually halted
twice during the day to feed men and horses, choosing generally the small
towns. The pursuing forces got what they could in feed and provisions at
points between where Morgan had made his stops. These halts were made
when the Union forces were farthest in the rear. The time for rest at Moore-
field was gained by the burning of the bridge already detailed. Before reach-
ing Cadiz, the pursued left the grade road, passing south of Cadiz through
Harrisville. Here the rear guard made for a time a very determined stand,
and General Hobson brought to bear upon them a light field battery, which
had the effect of breaking their lines. All along as 'we neared the high river
bluffs we could see the column winding up the hills or coursing along the
ridges, headed by Morgan in his buggy drawn by two spirited Kentucky
horses. At Georgetown another stand was made by the whole column, under
the direction of Morgan himself. The different moves made for a position
seemed to indicate to the writer that here the final battle and capture was to
take place.
Morgan's forces were partly protected in a stretch of woods. Hobson
opened fire from the field battery and endeavored to flank him on his course to
the river, but again Morgan moved off with the main column, leaving the rear
guard to hold in check the Union forces. This rear guard was in command of
Captain Himes, mounted upon the best horses that could be picked up along
the line of the raid, its object being not only to hold in check the pursuers, but
to prevent any straggling of the main column and their capture. Morgan
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. I Of)
made three desperate attempts to gain the river during the day, and being
headed off, dashed back again in the hills, [n these dashes he passed through
New Athens and Smithfield. It was an up-and-down-hill chase from valley
to valley, which told severely on both men and horses. The citizens were now
fully aroused, Morgan's raiders were in their midst, and the pursuing forces
were being increased by mounted militiamen joining the column. As we
galloped down Short creek, we passed a lone militiaman, carrying an old flint-
lock musket at "right shoulder shift." lie had on his old military suit, bear-
ing the old white braided herring-bone chevron of the old army of long ago,
in which he had paraded, no doubt, as a member of Captain Beebe's company.
lie mined along with a light, elastic step, thinking of the long past training
days, when he fought the "mimic fray." But he was soon lost to sight. It
was this spirit of patriotic devotion, this readiness to fly to arms that made
the raid of Morgan, hold as it was, fruitless in the result.
Morgan's force struck the Steubenville grade road at right angle, west of
Winterville. Here, in order to get north around Steubenville, as he was
making for Smith's Ferry, there being no direct road north, without turning
west or to the east through Winterville, lie parleyed for a time and was over-
taken by Hobson's advance and a sharp skirmish ensued. It was said that
several were killed, but we saw no dead but horses.
A young lady. Miss Dougherty, at the Maxwell house, in the line of
direction of fire, was struck by a ball which passed around her body, passing
out and into the wall, making a large indenture. It was reported that she was
killed, but she recovered. Mrs. Arnold, of this place, was well acquainted
with this young lady, and verifies these statements. The report given in the
January ( 1891 ) Century is not correct as to. the killed, or as to the time of
the skirmish. A Michigan soldier was wounded and afterward died.
Morgan took the road east through Winterville, his rear guard holding
the Union forces in check long enough for the advance to do some pillaging.
At Winterville there was a company of mounted militia, who fled helter-
skelter through the town, crying, "Morgan is coming, he's down at Hanna's,"
and whether they were stopped by the Ohio river or fled over into West Vir-
ginia we don't know". It was evident they had met Morgan and were satis-
fied. The women of Winterville fled to the minister's home, and held a
prayer meeting, and the men who had all the day long marched and counter-
marched through the streets with "plumes and banners gay," when the cry-
was heard that Morgan was coming, "marched, marched away," and took
refuge in an oat field nearby. When Morgan was well on his way to Ham-
monsville, and the Union forces came up, the sun sinking behind the western
hills, there was a resurrection from the oat field, "nor lost a single man."
IIO GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Colonel Collier, of Steubenville, gathered up enough of the frightened militia
to man and plant a cannon on the hill, and let drive at the Union forces. Gen-
eral Shackle ford sent up an officer to learn who "them fools were
shooting at." The fleeing mounted militia, "when they got to Steubenville,
said they had met and turned Morgan, and that he was "on to Richmond,"
and the city was saved. We took the road to Hammonsville and Richmond.
a night's ride in the darkness. Some time in the night we were cut off from
the main forces by taking the wrong road, but we pushed on, not knowing
where. We were lost, and our situation became more perilous as we ad-
vanced, as we might encounter Morgan or we might meet the Union forces.
We called a halt until daylight. Then we went forward again, finding that
we had passed west of both Hammonsville and Richmond, and were some
miles from the main forces. Between nine and ten o'clock we learned that
Morgan was captured and his men prisoners. This we accepted as true, and,
after resting a while on the roadside, we "about faced" for home, and struck
the grade road west of Winterville, and went into camp in a grove, where we
quietly rested, as it was the Sabbath.
The first report of the capture proved to be only a part. Morgan was
rot himself captured until that afternoon. Here we rested, rejoicing that
the battle had been fought, and the capture made. This Sabbath's rest was
enjoyed by both men and horses. We had plenty of sheaf oats for the horses,
and plenty of food for the men, procured either by buying or by forage. So
we quietly feasted and rested, until well in the day on Monday, when we
broke camp, and took the road for Cadiz. In conclusion, let us sum up the
events of the raid.
(The Jeffersonian. February 12, 1891.)
At the Maxwell House, "the cross roads hotel," we went in to see the
young lady, Miss Dougherty, who was a victim of the raid, as described in the
preceding account. Here we could more clearly see the evidence of the
skirmish of Saturday. The fences were torn down, where the cavalry had
charged through the fields, disabled and abandoned horses were nipping the
grass by the roadside, and the dead horses remained unburied. From the
Maxwell House to Cadiz, no signs of the raid were to be seen. But many of
the citizens had taken time by the forelock, and hid away their horses, which
they were now bringing in, all rejoicing that Morgan was captured and the
raid at an end. At Cadiz we were entertained by the citizens in a very hos-
pitable manner. The writer, with others from Cambridge, was entertained
by our old school teacher and former citizen of Cambridge, and editor of the
Guernsey Times, Richard Hatton, father of the Hon. Frank Hatton. Here
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. I 1 I
we all enjoyed the pleasure of a "bivouac" on the parlor carpet, and slept the
"sleep of the brave." Mrs. Hatton afforded us the best supper and breakfast
that could be set up on the unexpected coming of a hungry squad, to which we
did ample justice, and now at this late day we feel, as then, thankful for her
generous hospitality. The people of Cadiz did not feel at all snubbed that
Morgan had passed them by on the other side. A few miles west of Cadi/
we again struck the line of the raid, and on every hand we saw its effect, and
heard the tales of wanton destruction of property, not only by Morgan's
forces, but the Union forces as well. War means extravagance and destruc-
tion.
Near to Londonderry we met Moses Sarchet and Stephen Potts, Esq.,
who, under appointment of Governor Tod, were out on the line of the raid,
in Guernsey county, looking up the abandoned property, and having it cared
for, as well as assuring the people that their damages, of whatever character,
would lie paid. Governor Tod, while a war governor, looked well after the
interests of the state and her citizens. YVe arrived home on Tuesday even-
ing, and were received with joyous enthusiasm by the citizens of Cambridge.
The disposition of Morgan's raiders and plunderers is described as fol-
lows, in the Century, by Basil \Y. Duke:
"There were very good' reasons, independent of the provost guard, why
the men should not straggle far from the line of march ; but the w^ell filled
stores and gaudy shop windows of the Indiana and Ohio towns seemed to
stimulate, in men accustomed to impoverished and unpretentious Dixie, the
propensitv to appropriate without limit or restraint. I had never before seen
anything like this disposition to plunder. Our perilous situation only seemed
to make the men more reckless. At the same time, anything more ludicrous
than the manner in which they indulged their predatory tasks can scarcely be
imagined. The weather was intensely warm, yet one man rode for three days
with seven pairs of skates slung about his neck; another loaded himself with
sleigh-bells. A large chafing dish, a Dutch clock, a chandelier and a bird cage,
containing three canaries, were some of the articles I saw borne off and
jealously fondled. Baby shoes and calico were, however, staple articles. A
fellow would procure a bolt of calico, carry it carefully for a day or two, then
cast it aside and get another."
The result, as summed up by General Duke :
"The expedition was of immediate benefit, since a part of the forces
which would otherwise have harassed Bragg's retreat and swollen Rosecrans'
muster roll at Chickamauga. were carried by the pursuit of Morgan so far
northward that they were kept from participating in that battle."
112 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Orlando B. Wilson sums up from a Union standpoint in the Century,
thus:
"And thus ended the greatest of Morgan's raids. By it, Bragg lost a
fine large division of cavalry, that, if added to Buckner's forces, might have
defeated Burnside; or, if thrown across Rosecrans' flank, or long line of sup-
plv and communication, might have baffled Rosecrans altogether."
The immediate result of the raid was further to fire the Northern heart.
The President had just issued a call for three hundred thousand more troops
and an enrollment had been made for a draft, if quotas were not filled by
volunteers. This raid stimulated volunteering, and by the time the draft was
ordered in Ohio, most of the counties had filled their quotas. We have never
seen a report of the full loss sustained by the citizens of Guernsey county, by
this raid, as reported from time to time to the commission having the different
classes of claims for adjustment, but they are now all paid.
Almost a new generation of people have come upon the stage of ac-
tion since Morgan's rough raiders galloped through Guernsey, and the most
of the "Cambridge Scouts" have passed their three score years, and "one
by one are falling away, like leaves before the autumn wind."
"Ah, never shall the land forget
How gushed the life blood of her brave,
Gushed warm with hope and courage yet.
Upon the soil they sought to save.
"Now all is calm and fresh and still ;
Alone the chirp of fleeting bird,
And talk of children on the hill,
And bell of wandering kine are heard.
. "No solemn host goes trailing by
The black -mouthed gun and staggering wain;
Men start not at the battle cry —
Oh, lie it never heard again."
THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR.
When war was declared against Spain, by President McKinley. in
the spring of 1898, after the sinking of the battleship "Maine," men were
wanted to enter the government's service for that war. As a rule, the state
militia companies were largely used for that purpose.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 11}
The local newspapers of Cambridge had several stirring articles on the
war and one item, throwing light on the first real action here, reads as follows :
"The first patriotic demonstration for war against Spain was made by
the citizens of Cambridge on last Friday evening. About seven o'clock Adam
Broom's drum corps, headed by the United States flag, and followed by an
enthusiastic crowd, inarched up street to the Mc. and Mc. store, where young
men recruit under H. F. McDonald. Stirring war speeches were made by
Mayor Luccock and others to a large crowd of interested citizens, after which
a number of young men signed the recruiting pledge. The recruits, old vet-
erans and citizens, then marched down street to blood-stirring martial music."
Owing to the fact that there was no regular National Guard company
within Guernsey county when this last war broke out. there were but few
men who went from the county, save a few who served as members of the
regular army.
THE CAMBRIDGE SOLDIERS' MONUMENT.
Perhaps no better history can be given of this monument than the one
written, at the time, by the editor of the Times, which follows:
Tuesday, June 9, 1903, will be remembered as an eventful day in the
history of Guernsey county as long as any now living shall survive, and it
will be a tradition as long as the monument of granite endures. The weather
clerk had promised fair weather, and came very near to filling the bill, except
that during the noon recess there were showers, which cooled the atmos-
phere and gave an enjoyable after part of the day and a glorious evening.
Early in the morning all Cambridge was astir, and soon the crowd came
from every quarter of the county as for a holiday of great sacredness of
interest.
There was no parade on the program, nor band show. The Electric Park
or Consolidated Band and the Winchester Drum Corps, with Superintendent
Cronebaugh and Professor LaChat's High School Glee Club, gave the best
of music, timed as directed, alternating .with the addresses.
A little after nine thirty o'clock Editor David D. Taylor, chairman of the
board of trustees of the Guernsey County Monumental Association, called the
crowd at the Public Square to order and asked the people to stand silently while
Rev. Dr. McFarland made the invocation. Mr. Taylor also presented Hon.
Milton Turner to preside over the further exercises of the day, as chairman
of the building trustees appointed by the county commissioners. Mr. Turner
was greeted with applause, and spoke as follows :
"The history of this soldiers' monument is briefly this : About ten years
(8)
114 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
ago a movement was started to build a soldiers' monument by subscription.
A charter was taken out, and an association formed under the name of the
Guernsey County Monumental Association. Fifteen thousand fine litho-
graphed life membership certificates were procured and a regular campaign
opened up by holding meetings in each township of the county. The con-
stitution provided that any man, woman or child, white or colored, could
become a lifetime voting member upon the payment of one dollar. A vice-
president was appointed in each township, and a book of blank certificates
left in his hands to be sold to all who wished to become members. After the
expiration of two years the books were called in, and did not show sufficient
receipts to pay the expenses of the campaigns, so the project was abandoned
and we went into the show business. A hall was fitted up in one of Colonel
Taylor's buildings, and a series of entertainments were given during the win-
ter by the ladies and gentlemen of the association. Star actors appeared on
the stage in the persons of Hon. D. D. Taylor, Alfred Weedon, A. K. Broom,
Capt. A. A. Taylor, J. C. Carver, and H. F. McDonald, supported by a strong
coterie of the best ladies of the town. The public was entertained once or
twice a week with a good performance for the sum of ten cents. Money
accumulated slowly but surely, and the property man reported an accumula-
tion of over four hundred dollars in paraphernalia, pictures, etc. But, alas,
the dread fire fiend in the dead hours of the night stole upon us, and reduced
the amphitheater to ashes. For six long years the movement lay dormant,
until the monumental association again arose, Phoenix-like, and applied to
the Legislature for a special act authorizing the county commissioners to
levy a tax in the sum of fifteen thousand dollars. The bill was pushed
through the House by the Hon. W. L. Simpson, and Hon. J. E. Hurst did
not let it stick in the Senate. The county commissioners acted promptly un-
der its provisions and appointed three members of a building committee and
the monumental trustees appointed three, as was also provided for in the
act."
The building committee are, in addition to Milton Turner, president ;
I. A. Oldham, secretary; A. A. Taylor, treasurer; J. O. Mcllyar, A. K.
Broom and Thomas Smith, and their names are carved on the monument in
the rear of the figure of the cavalryman, underneath the "Erected by the
Monumental Association and Commissioners of Guernsey County, 1903."
In the midst of the reading by Mr. Turner, the monument was unveiled
by himself and little granddaughter, Ruth McMahon, amidst the plaudits
of the people. There was a hitch in the proceeding, but the veil yielded to
some stout pulling, and the Glee Club sang the "Soldiers' Chorus."
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 1 IS
The response of the county commissioners accepting the monument
was by II. W. Luccock, in his usual neat and eloquent manner. There fol-
lowed a beautiful medley of national airs by the band, after which Gen. R.
B. Brown, of Zanesville, made an impressive address. After further singing
and music by the band and drum corps, there was a recess until two o'clock.
The following is a brief account of the afternoon exercises:
Hon. Ralph D. Cole, of Findlay, the star orator of the last two Legisla-
tures, made the oration of the afternoon. Senator Hurst telegraphed from
Xew Philadelphia that he could not come. Freeman T. Eagleson was in-
troduced by Mr. Turner as the next representative -from Guernsey county.
This sentiment, as well as his magnificent speech, was cheered to the echo.
There followed speeches by Hon. W. L. Simpson, John L. Locke, and, in
closing. Editor D. D. Taylor made an address. After more music, and
a few remarks by Chairman Turner, Rev. Pope pronounced the benediction.
soldiers' graves.
(From Colonel Sarchet's Writings.)
The soldiers buried in the old graveyard, as near as we can now remem-
ber, are : Of the Revolutionary war, Capt. Thomas Cook, Capt. James Jack,
Thomas Lawrence, John Linn, Robert Moffett, Christopher Donover, Sr.,
and Robert Chambers; of the war of 1812, Maj. James Dunlap, Capt. James
Harding, Capt. Cyrus P. Beatty, Lieut. Wyatt Hutchison, Lieut. David Burt,
Privates John Hutchison, James Turner, Andrew McConehay, Andrew Mar-
shall, James Kelley, Joseph Lofland, William Talbott, Rodney Talbott, Peter
Stears, Peter Torode, John Bollen, John McKee, James Thomas and Christo-
pher Donover, Jr., and of the Mexican war-, John Clark.
Joseph Lofland was a soldier in the regiment of Col. Jonathan Meigs and
was with the army of the Northwest when it was surrendered to the British at
Detroit by Gen. Joseph Hull.
From the number of names we have given as buried in the old graveyard,
which is perhaps imperfect, it will be seen that that neglected two acres con-
tain as many soldiers' graves in proportion to area as does the city cemetery.
It is a graveyard filled with the graves of heroes, heroes of the wars that
gave liberty to the struggling colonies and the heroes who endured all the dan-
gers incident to the pioneer settlement; heroes all; let the dust of their shrines
be the Mecca of the future city of Cambridge.
And besides the soldiers we have named there are buried in it : John
Ferguson, one of the Irish Rebels of 1790; Francis Donsouchett, a soldier
110 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
of the French arm}' of the First Napoleon, and all of the pioneer settlers,
the Gombers, Beattys, Sarchets, Tingles, Hollers, Bichards, Lenfestys, Hu-
berts, McClenahans, Talbotts, Bells, Hutchinsons, Halleys, Stewarts and
others.
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC.
The Grand Army of the Republic, which was formed all over the
Northern states a few years after the Civil war, was early in the field
in Guernsey county, and had various posts organized, but with the passing
of these more than forty-five years since that conflict closed, the soldiers
have died in such great numbers that only a few posts are in existence today,
and the most of the fraternal interest is now centered at Cambridge, where
the Cambridge Post was formed in the late seventies, went down and was
reorganized in February', 1884, as Post No. 343. It now has a membership
of about one hundred and fifty, but of this number only ninety-seven are in
good standing.
The 1910 officers are: Commander, Alfred Weeden; senior vice-com-
mander, D. T. Jeffries; junior vice-commander, George H. Stottlemire; chap-
lain, Dr. F. A. Brown; quartermaster, D. W. Nossett; surgeon, Stewart
Harris; officer of the day, Joseph McGill; officer of the guard, James Al-
ba'ugh; adjutant, John Hamilton; quartermaster sergeant, C. F. Camp;
sergeant-major, William Priaulx.
The past commanders include these : Charles L. Campbell, Hugh Mc-
Donald, A. A. Taylor, Alfred Weeden, Henry Coffman, Robert Hammond,
W. H. C. Hanna, J. C. Carver, R. H. Dilley, D. T. Jeffries and B. S.
Herring. The deceased of this number are Messrs. Taylor, Coffman, Ham-
mond and Herring.
At the old Cambridge cemetery there is a soldiers' square in which
the annual Memorial services are held. In 1905 the Woman's Relief Corps
caused to be erected a handsome monument dedicated to the "Unknown
Dead." It is about twenty feet in height and properly inscribed.
William Reed was one of the soldiers from Guernsey county who par-
ticipated in the famous battle on Lake Erie, in which Commodore Perry
was hero, and in the fine oil painting of that lake engagement, now gracing
the rotunda of the State House, at Columbus, the figure of the man manfully
plying an oar, while his face was tied up with a handkerchief, with blood
running down over him. is none other than this man, William Reed, of this
county.
CHAPTER VIII.
EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF COUNTY.
Guernsey, in common with almost every county in Ohio, from the
earliest settlement, sought to provide good schools, both of a private and
public character. Liberality has been the rule from the days when lands
were given for such purpose, even to the present time, when none but mod-
ern buildings and the best of instructors are furnished to the people, cost
what it does, and the taxpayers, as a rule, are not complainers of the amount
of money thus expended.
Up to 1836. when the public school system was enacted by the Ohio
Legislature, there had been no regular educational system, or regular public
school building erected within the county. Private schools were taught in
the various settlements. Anybody who desired to teach school got up a
subscription paper proposing to teach a school for thirteen weeks, and the
branches taught were the alphabet, spelling, reading, writing and arithmetic.
There were eight school districts formed before Cambridge was set off as
No. 9 in 1836. The first school taught in the town, however, was in the
winter of 1809-10. by John Beatty, a Virginian, and the brother of Zac-
cheus Beatty. one of the town's founders.
The author of this work wrote the following concerning the first free
school in Cambridge, for the columns of the Herald, in the autumn of 1902,
and the same is the best authority now at hand on this subject:
FIRST FREE SCHOOL IN CAMBRIDGE.
Professor John McBumey handed to us an article of agreement, dated
February 25. 1833, between Joseph Bute, John B. Thompson and John
Hersh, Jr., directors of school district No. 7, in Cambridge township, Guern-
sey county, Ohio, of one part, and Andrew Magee, teacher, of the other part,
to-wit :
"The said directors agree to employ Andrew Magee, teacher of a com-
mon school, in said district, for a period of three months, commencing the
first day of February, and ending on the 12th day of May. free for all chil-
I iS GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
dren between the ages of four and twenty-one years, agreeable to the thirty-
fourth section of the Ohio school law, passed March 2, 1831, and in con-
sideration of his services as teacher, they do hereby engage to pay over to
said teacher, at the close of such quarter, the sum of seventy-five dollars,
out of the school funds belonging to said district. And the said Andrew
Magee agrees with the directors that he will teach the several branches of
an English education specified in the certificate of qualification granted by
the board of school examiners of Guernsey county, according to the best
of his abilities — to keep the same open for school exercises from eight to
twelve o'clock in the forenoon, and from one to four o'clock on the "after-
noon of each day of the week. Saturday afternoon excepted, from the twelfth
dav of February to the first day of April next, and from eight to twelve
o'clock in forenoon, and from half-past one o'clock to five o'clock in the
afternoon of each day thereafter, to provide at his costs for use of said
school, the room, desks and fuel necessary, and moreover to use all reason-
able diligence and attention toward the improvement of those attending
school."
School district Xo. 7 comprised all of the town of Cambridge west of
the public square, extending north to Wills creek, and west and north of
the National road to the Adams township line. Moses Sarchet was the
clerk of the district, and Ebenezer Smith treasurer. At that time Joseph Bute
resided in the old David Burt house, which covered the front of the lot now
occupied by the Burgess, Schaser and Zanhiser properties. John B. Thompson
resided in a small frame house on the lot now occupied by the Hutchison
block. John Hersh was then editor and proprietor of the Guernsey Times,
and resided in a frame house, corner of Steubenville avenue and Seventh
street, on the lot now the residences of Dr. C. A. Moore and Rev. Dr. Milli-
gan. The Guernsey Times office was in a small frame house on the same
lot. The school was in the old Masonic building on North Seventh street.
Moses Sarchet resided in the Burgess house, corner of North Eighth street
and Steubenville avenue, and Ebenezer Smith resided on North Sixth street,
in what was known as the Hersh house, and later the site of the Gooderl
house.
This quarter of three months' free school was the first altogether free
school in Cambridge township, and at the same time there was a school in
District Xo. 6, which comprised the east of the township for a considerable
distance east. At all the schools, heretofore, the state school fund was ap-
plied for the payment of teachers, but was not sufficient, and the residue was
made up by levying a percentage on each scholar in attendance, which had
to be collected by the teacher.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. I Hi
The paper cm which the article of agreement is written is well preserved,
and should he kept in the school library, as a record of the first free school in
Cambridge. The writer was a scholar in the school taught by Andrew
Magee, and twenty-two years later was married by Rev. Andrew Magee,
so thai with him he began a school life and matrimonial life.
OUR SCHOOLS.
Continuing, the same writer says of the schools in general:
Charles Marquand in early days taught a school in a house on the Kirk-
patrick lot, on Wheeling avenue and South Ninth street. He was a good
scholar and a first-class penman. Some of the scholars of this school after-
ward filled some of the county offices. One of these. Jacob G. Metcalf, was
an ambidexter, writing a good legible hand, as the records of the county
will show. Judge Joseph D. Tingle and Moses Sarchet, Esq., were, per-
haps, the last living scholars of the Campbell school. Mrs. Nancy B. Noble,
Mrs. Nancy P.. Albright, Mrs. Samuel H. Oldham and Mrs. Margaret
Thompson were scholars of the Marquand school. These schools were all
subscription schools. After these, there was a school taught by John W.
Kipi>. in a part of the Ogier house on Wheeling avenue. This school was
party paid by the state school funds and partly by assessment per scholar.
Kipp was the compiler of a spelling hook, called "Kipp's Speller." This book
and tuition could be paid for in trade: bees-wax. gentian, furs and snake root
were regarded as cash, and were the staple articles at that time. A file of
the first volume of the Guernsey Times. 1824, will show an advertisement of
the "Cambridge Academy." William Sedgwick, teacher. This academy was
located on the brow of the hill on the Harris lot. Wheeling avenue, in a
small frame building. An eccentric old German, Elias Entz, had a saddle
and harness shop in the front room, and the academy was in the rear. Entz
was a teacher, as well as Sedgwick, and while Sedgwick, in the rear, was
teaching the young idea how to shoot. Entz, in the front, was teaching the
ravens how to talk, and notably one "Bony." whose fame as a talker was known
from east to west along the old Wheeling road, afterward the National road.
It may he that this academy was of great advantage to "Bony," and that his
ravenship when on his perch in the saddler-shop gathered in the A I! C's
and T O U's as the groundwork for his afterward successful raven scholar-
ship. "Bony." when out on his perch in front of the shop, would help the
teamsters drive up the hill by clucking. "Get up there,'' "Whoa haw." "Go
120 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
up." etc. He would whistle up the dogs, and then cry, "Go home, you
whelps." He would cry out to pedestrians, "Stop!" and then laugh at their
surprise. And while all this was going on, the old German would be stitching
away, enjoying the fun as prompter behind the scenes.
In 1825 the Legislature passed a law requiring a tax to be levied for
the support of schools. But it was eight or ten years after before even this
fund came to be available for the payment of teachers, and then for not
more than three or four months during the winter season. As we have said,
the Kipp school had the advantage of this fund, but the law then only granted
the power to levy, and levies were only made by the school boards to afford
a sum for the part payment of teachers, leaving the parents who were con-
sidered able to make up the balance. William Sedgwick was one of the
early Baptist ministers of this section of Ohio, and often preached in Cam-
bridge, and at the time of his academy taught a Bible-reading school on Sun-
dav in the grand jury room of the old court house, which was attended by
old and young of all denominations, and as these were the days of contro-
versy, as to election and reprobation, sprinkling and dipping, there were
often some very spirited and angry discussions.
The first altogether free school began, within the knowledge of the
writer, about the year 1834-35. Andrew Magee, afterward a preacher of
the Methodist Episcopal church in the Pittsburg conference, was the first
teacher. This school was in the lower room of the old Freemason lodge,
now a part of the McConehey building on North Seventh street. The floor
was of brick, and the benches were of the primitive style, slabs with pins for
support, and the desks for writing were rough boards pinned up around the
wall on one side, at which those who were advanced to writing took turns.
The teacher meanwhile mended the goose-quill pens, and set the copies,
"Command you may your mind from play, every moment of the day." The
ink. often made out of polkberry juice or copperas, was hung to the wall
in a bottle. The day of ink-stands was not yet. The boy or girl who had a
slate, or a real slate pencil, belonged to the "upper ten" of that day, and even
the boy who had a piece of slate handed down from away back, and a soap-
stone pencil, was a subject of some envy by those who had only a multipli-
cation table roughly prepared on a piece of paper. This was the first step
toward the slate, and when the slate came, how soon the average boy or
girl became an artist, and horses, dogs, houses and kites often took the place
of figures and brought to the back of the busy artist the ever-indispensable
hickory, for it was by might and power the master reigned, his right no one
to dispute.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 121
Prior to 1838, Richard Hatton taught several terms of three months'
school. In the winter of 1837 or 1838 the town was divided, and there were
two free schools, called the up-town and down-town. The down-town school
was taught by a Mr. Lowry; the up-town by an Irishman, William Latimore.
At Christmas came the bar-out ; this custom followed the free school. The
day before- Christmas the terms of the treat, usually gingerbread, cider and
apples, were written out and laid before the teacher for his approval or re-
jection. If rejected, the next morning found the schoolroom in possession
of the larger boys, the doors and windows well barricaded, and supplies of
fuel and provisions laid up for a long siege. The demand to open the door
by the teacher or directors was answered by a demand to sign the protocol.
Sometimes the teacher succeeded in entering the house, and subduing the
rebellion, but most generally the boys succeeded in holding the house until
the besiegers surrendered. This was reversing the order of warfare; but
sometimes some moat or breastwork was left poorly guarded, and a daring
sally forced through an entrance, and the fort was taken and the boys led
away to be beaten afterward with many stripes, and the little fellows on the
outside, whose mouths had been watering for gingerbread and cider, looked
on with hope deferred to some other day. On the day before Christmas,
Lowry, whose school was in the basement of the old Methodist Protestant
church, found the door barricaded and the boys in possession. He had re-
fused to agree to the terms. He soon found an unprotected point, by an
entrance through a trap door, from the church above, which he opened and
bounded down into the room, and demanded surrender in terms as imperious
as old Ethan Allen at Ticonderoga, when he demanded the surrender of
the fort in the name of the "Great Jehovah and the Continental Congress,"
but the besieged didn't surrender. They pounced onto Lowry, and, opening
the door, took him down the hill, overlooking the stone quarry, and, taking
him by the arms and legs, they proposed to swing him over, counting "one,
two, three," and then, if no cry of surrender was heard, to let him flicker, but
he cried "Cavy." The school was resumed, and the gingerbread, cider and
apples passed around. At the up-town school, the old Irishman, Latimore, met
with the same resistance. This school was in a log cabin that stood on the
Milner lot, Wheeling avenue. Latimore soon decided that he would scale
the fort and smoke the boys out. He got a ladder, and was soon on the roof,
covering the chimney with clapboards off the roof. The boys did not long
stand the smoke within, but bounded out and secured the ladder before
Latimore could get to it, and they had him treed. After they had marched
around less than seven times, he demanded that he be let down and he would
122 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
comply with their terms, and the gingerbread, cider and apples were passed
around. This was a custom of barbarous days, and is happily now no more,
but it was no more barbarous than is the custom of hazing, now practiced
in the best colleges of the land.
We have now passed over the schools of Cambridge from the first
in iSnj to the beginning of the free schools in 1836. We have not given
all the schools, having named only those that seemed to be of the most note.
During these years there were schools taught by Reverend Mills, a Presby-
terian preacher, John McGuire, William Walker, C. J. Albright, Joshua
Hunt. A. W. Beatty, J. D. Tingle, Mrs. Rhoda Needham. Miss Mary
Hersh, Miss La Baire, Miss Gibbs and perhaps others. These were all the
ungraded scholars, and they brought such books as they had, the "English
Reader," "Introduction to the English Reader," and the Testament. These
were the general reading books. Dillworth's and the "United States" were
the spelling books. Arithmetics were the "Western Calculator," Smith's
and Parke's. Uriah Parke lived at Zanesville, and his arithmetic was pub-
lished, we believe, by himself, he being a printer. Owley's Geography was
just coming into use. The Dillworth Speller was a partial geography, giv-
ing a description of the earth and its grand divisions, and a more general
description of the United States.
The one main feature of these schools was the spelling class, which
formed in a line on one side of the schoolroom, and the graduation was
from foot to head. The lesson was first spelled by use of the book, then
the book was closed, and the strife for head began. If a word was mis-
spelled, it passed to the next until spelled, then the speller went up, and
the strife was more animated when the lucky speller, if a boy, would chance
to lie placed between two girls that he liked, and in those days the boys liked
the girls, for in the fly-leaves of the spelling-books might have been found
this stanza :
"The rose is red, the violet blue,
Sugar is sweet, and so are you."
The rod of correction had a more general use then than now, and the
idle fool got whipped at school, and the dunce wore the "dunce-cap."
In 1838, William Sedgwick, on the part of the Cambridge lodge of
Free and Accepted Masons, deeded to the "Cambridge Academy" lot 82
in Steubenville avenue, now the McConehey lot. This was a corporation
under the laws of Ohio. Dr. Thomas Miller, Gordon Lofland, Jacob G.
Metcalf, James M. Bell and Moses Sarchet were the incorporators and
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. I 23
directors. This academy was opened in the fall of [838, William Ellis,
principal and teacher. The academy sessions were for live months, and the
tuition eight dollars per session. Tt was expected that the scholarship would
pay all expenses, if not, the corporation guaranteed the payment. This
school or .academy was the first attempt toward a graded school in Cam-
bridge, and the hoys and girls of this school were supposed to be higher up
than the common herd, ami were called by way of derision "upper crust,"
or "college bred." This academy was carried on with varied success, under
the principalship of William FJlis, Mitchell Miller and Thomas Brown,
until 1844. Thomas Brown, the last principal, brother of Turner G. Brown,
of Cambridge, is said to have been the first common school teacher of
Guernsey county who received twenty dollars per month for teaching. The
writer of this passed out of this academy at the age of fourteen years, with
a grade above ninety-five, in algebra, mensuration, geometry, trigonometry,
surveying and history, which was the curriculum of the last session, having,
as was then supposed, an education high enough for all practical purposes,
and has regretted so far in his life that he failed to continue through the
years from fourteen to twenty, which are the years of life, whether of boy or
girl, that will tell if improved, in the manhood or womanhood of those who
are so fortunate as to have the opportunity. A man or woman may educate
himself, and this self-education may be of more practical advantage than that
of the school, but its acquirement after entering upon the active duties of
life means self-sacrifice and labor that but few are read)* to make.
The "old lodge." as this academy was called, was embellished with paper
on the walls, representing Chinese towers and scenery, grand marches and
imposing burials of orders, going back, perhaps, to the days of Confucius,
and the border round the ceiling consisted of the pictures of Washington
and Lafayette, as the two representative Masons. In this old room was held
our Philomathean society, where we orated, declaimed and essayed, as young
Ciceros: but 'following, as this did, the great Morgan anti-Masonic wave,
we sometimes sat in awe and trembling, thinking that the ghost of some re-
vealer of the "mysterious glorious science" might troop through the room
headless, or shackled with clanking chains, as the representative of the dark
mysteries which seemed to attach themselves to the order that was then
thought to have abducted William Morgan. Morgan lived in the town of
Batavia, Xew York. and. it was said, was about to publish an exposure of
the secrets of Masonry in connection with the editor of the Republican
Adz'ocatc, who, as well as Morgan, had been a member of the Masonic
order. While this rumor of the exposure of Masonry, about to be made,
124 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
spread through the country, the community was startled by tidings that
Morgan had been seized and carried off, no one knew where. The greatest
excitement spread throughout the community, committees of vigilance were
formed, and an investigation initiated, which resulted in tracing the ab-
ductors and their victims out upon Lake Ontario, and led to the belief that
Morgan had been consigned to its depths, as no trace of him was further
heard. This gave rise to the anti-Masonic party, which sprang up in New
York and Pennsylvania in 1827, and later in Ohio. Joseph Ritner was
chosen governor of Pennsylvania in 1835 as an anti-Mason. The abduction
of Morgan did not prevent the publication of the proposed exposure. Mor-
gan's book was published and others that claimed to give the regulations,
signs, ceremonies and passwords of the order and its traditional secrets.
However true these books may have been, and the political opposition which
was the outgrowth of the times, Masonry, for awhile, was under a ban,
and it was ten years or more before a lodge could be reinstituted, here in
Cambridge, and we know from past experience that the average boy of
twelve years of age, at that day, after hearing the wonderful tales about
the "Morgan killers," had to whistle up a good deal of courage to sit in a
deserted lodge room, dimly lighted with tallow candles, where once the tra-
ditional goat bounded from cliff to cliff and the clanking chains were heard
that bound the victim to unbrotherly servitude, and no flash of the mystic
light shone on his way as he traveled toward the ineffable.
DISTRICT SCHOOL NOTICE.
(Published in the Guernsey Times. January 12, 1S38-9.)
"Notice is hereby given to all persons residing within the corporate limits
of the town of Cambridge, that a district school will be taught by Mr. Hatton
in the Academy for a period of three months, commencing on Monday, the
fifth day of November inst. And also that a district school will be taught
by Miss Haft in Mrs. McCleary's house immediately east of the court house
for the same time, and commencing on the same day. For the present, the
male scholars are directed to attend the school to be taught by Mr. Hatton.
and the females the school taught by Miss Haft. Said schools will be
entirely free to all children residing within the corporate limits of said
town, who are by law entitled to attend a district school. No part of the
teacher's compensation will be assessed upon the scholars who may attend.
"By orders of the Directors.
"Cambridge, November 3. 1838. J. G. Metcalf, D. C."
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 125
Nowadays, when the position of teacher in the schools is open, there
are countless applicants, but in the earlier days a competent teacher was by
no means easy to secure, as the following advertisement from the Guernsey
limes of December 7, 1839, testifies:
"a teacher wanted.
"A person who can come recommended, as to character and qualifica-
tion as a common school teacher, can get employment by inquiring of the
directors of the Tenth school district in Londonderry township.
"Jas. McCollough,
"Jno. Miller,
"T. G. Brown,
"November 23, 1839. School Directors."
more on the schools.
Rev. "William Wallace, Thomas Beahan, William Allison, John K. Fes-
ler, Moses Oldham and William Morton were teachers of free schools in
the old lodge before the adoption by the school district of the union school
law, known as the Akron school law. There were also women teachers, in
connection with these, Mrs. Martha Carnes, Miss Dorcas Reed, Miss Sarah
Metcalf, Miss Anna M. Beatty and others.
The union school was organized in 1850 with Robert B. Moore, C. L.
Madison, Thomas W. Peacock, Samuel Craig, James Hunter and Matthew
Gaston as directors. The school building, the old lodge, was enlarged to
four rooms. William M. Lyons was principal, Miss Dorcas Reed, Miss Lou
Hill and Miss Kate McCluskey, teachers. William M. Lyons was a brother
of Lord Lyons, once a minister from England to the United States. He
took great pride in his high connection, and never tired in letting everybody
know that he was the brother of a lord.
"A king can made a belted knight,
A marquis, duke or squire.
But an honest man's above his might,
He's prince of men, and a' that."
Lyons came here as a portrait painter, and it may be that some of his
work is yet extant in Cambridge.
126 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
The Methodist Protestant church located a college here in 1850, and
began its erection. Its site was the present site of the new school building
on Wheeling avenue. This building was three stories in height, but was
never completed. It was badly demolished by a cyclone which visited Cam-
bridge in May. 1852. This so crippled the enterprise, which was in a critical
financial state, that the project was abandoned. The building was bought
for school purposes by the directors, raised to a two-story building containing
five rooms, and was occupied for school purposes in i860, John McClen-
ahan, principal. He resigned in 1861, entering the army as captain of a com-
pany in the Fifteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry. This building was enlarged
in 1865-66 by two additional rooms, and was destroyed by fire in September,
1*871, the school being continued in rented rooms in different parts of the
town, until the building and completion of the present central school build-
ing, first occupied in February, 1874.
After the burning of the school building, a public meeting of the voters
of the district was held in the court house, with a view of instructing the
directors as to rebuilding. The question submitted was whether two build-
ings, one in the east and one in the west, should be built, or one central
building, and a majority favored one central building. The directors bought
a hole, the present site, and began to fill it up with earth and stone, but never
succeeded, as the present elevation very plainly shows. Of the first directors
named, all are dead but C. L. Madison. They were not connected with the
last building, and only a part of them with the second. Professor Lyons was
followed by James McClain, J. C. Douglass, Levi C. Brown, W. K. Gooderl,
C. C. B. Duncan, John McClenahan and Samuel Kirkwood, now professor
in Wooster University at Wooster, Ohio. Kirkwood resigned, and his term
was finished out by John S. Speer.
John S. Speer was followed by Thomas Smith, and he by Prof. John
McBurney. This brings the history of the schools down to a time with
which almost everyone is familiar. Great and wise is the provision of the
United States setting aside one-thirty-sixth part of all the lands to the state
to afford a free education of its youth, with the hope that all the youth of the
state may avail themselves of this gratuitous education, that knowledge
may abound and truth and righteousness reign supreme in the land, and that
intelligence and sobriety shall measure the advancing step toward universal
brotherhood.
CAMBRIDGE SCHOOLS.
The following history of the Cambridge schools was written by Wilson
McMahon, a pupil in them, and read as an essay in his room. It was pub-
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 127
lished in the Jeffersonian in June, 1880, and is so complete an account of
important facts in the educational history of the county that it is worthy
of preservation in the public press:
In the winter of 1809-10, the first school in Cambridge was taught by
John Beatty, a Virginian, and a brother of Col. Zaccheus Beatty, one of the
founders and original proprietors of the town. It was held in one of the
several small cabins which stood on the north bank of Wills creek, near where
the old bridge crossed that stream. He was succeeded by his sister, Mrs.
Sarah McClenahan, who taught a school in one of the rooms of her father's
dwelling-house, which stood on Lot No. 62. The next schools were held
in a log building, that stood on Lot No. 21, and were taught by John W.
Kipp, who afterward compiled a speller that was published; Elijah Dyson,
the first sheriff of Guernsey county, and a man by the name of Acheson.
During the winter of 181 3- 14, a school "was taught in the same place
by Thomas Campbell, the father of the late Rev. Alexander Campbell, of
Bethany, West Virginia. From this time until the organization of the public
schools under the act of 1836, there was no regular school building or any
system of education established. Anybody who desired to teach got up a
subscription paper proposing to teach a school upon certain terms — these
usually being fifty cents per scholar for thirteen weeks — and the branches
taught were the alphabet, spelling, reading, writing and arithmetic. The
parents gave little attention to the schools. The teachers, generally, were
not very profound scholars; they went in on their muscle, and if they suc-
ceeded in maintaining their authority no one complained.
Upon the organization of the public schools in 1836, Cambridge became
school district No. 9. Andrew Magee was the first district school teacher.
In 1843, Thomas and William Brown taught what they called the Academy.
William Morton, who taught in the school building now the McConehay
property on Steubenville and Pine streets, from 1847 to I§49' 's entitled to
notice as the best mathematician and most thorough grammarian in the
state of Ohio. He taught the boys, and Mrs. Karnes the girls. Mr. Morton
had about ninety boys in his classes, the names of most of whom were after-
ward borne upon the honorable rolls of the volunteers in the war of 1861.
On the original rolls of the school appear the names of Moore, Rainey,
Lofland, Metcalf, Grimes, Salmon, Jefferson, Logan, Evans, Tingle, Brown,
Bonnell, Hirsch, etc. Lemuel Bonnell was assistant teacher for some time.
The Union school was organized in 1850. and William M. Lyons, a
younger brother of Lord Lyons, the late minister from England to the
United States, became the first principal, at a salary of thirty-five dollars
per month. Mr. Lyons is now living in Zanesville. Ohio, on a pension which
128 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
he receives from his brother. Then the school had but four rooms, the
fourth room being taught by the principal. Under Principal Lyons the
teachers were Miss Lou Hill, Miss Kate McCluskey and Miss Dorcas Reed.
The principals from 1850 to 1853 were William M. Lyons, James Mc-
Clain, Miss Dorcas Reed and Joseph D. Tingle; salary, thirty-five dollars per
month; from 1853 to 1857, J. C. Douglass, Levi C. Brown, W. K. Gooderl and
C. C. B. Duncan; salary, forty dollars per month; from 1858 to 1861, John
McClenahan was principal at sixty dollars per month. In 1861 he resigned
his position to recruit a company for the Fifteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry,
of which he afterward became colonel. In August, 1861, Samuel Kirkwood,
now professor of mathematics at Wooster University, Wooster, Ohio, be-
came the first superintendent at a salary of four hundred and fifty dollars
a year; but Mr. Kirkwood leaving before the year was out, John Speer
finished the term. He was succeeded by Thomas H. Smith, at a salary of six
hundred dollars a year. In August, 1866, Prof. John McBurney, now pro-
fessor of natural science in Muskingum College at New Concord, was elected
superintendent, at a salary of five hundred and forty dollars a year, which
was afterward increased to one thousand two hundred dollars a year. In
1880 he was succeeded by Prof. J. E. Williams, at a salary of one thousand
dollars a year.
The high school was organized in 1869. The following are the names
of the teachers, with the time they taught: Prof. John McBurney, four years;
T. H. Anderson, one term; Rev. W. V. Milligan, three years; William
Fleming, one month; Miss Means, three years; J. H. Mackey, two terms; I.
A. Tannehill, one year; E. L. Abbey, one year.
In 1872, the first class, composed of four girls, was graduated. After
the loss of the former school building, and while the present building was in
process of erection, the schools occupied such rooms as could be procured
for them, and were subjected to every inconvenience. As a result, there were
no classes graduated in 1873-74, but afterward they were graduated as
follows :
Boys. Girls.
1875 " 8
1876 2 7
1877 3 2
1878 5 6
1879 3 8
1880 5 11
Total 18 46
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. I Ji)
In all. sixty-four. This year's graduating class was composed of four
boys and seven girls, which, added to the above, will make twenty-two boys
and fifty-three girls, making the total number of graduates seventy-five.
Changes in classification, grading, course of study and methods of in-
struction and of examining have been made from time to time, as the interests
of the school seemed to require. The present course of study embraces all
branches of a thorough and complete English education, together with Ger-
man and Latin.
In iSdo a building in the east end of town was purchased for one thou-
sand two hundred and one dollars, and finished for school purposes for
five thousand dollars, making a total cost of six thousand two hundred and
one dollars. It contained five rooms, to which two more were added in 1866.
This building was destroyed by fire September 27, 1871. In January, 1872,
lots Nos. 126, 127 and 128, on Steubenville street, were purchased and the
present building erected, at a total cost of fifty-four thousand dollars. It
was first occupied February 16, 1874. There were nine teachers when they
first went into the present building, but in a few days another room was
fitted up, and another teacher engaged. Xow, twelve well-trained and expe-
rienced teachers are engaged nine months in the year, in the instruction of
six hundred and thirty children, at a cost, for 1876. of four thousand eight
hundred and forty dollars ; this year, four thousand nine hundred and seventy-
two dollars. The present building contains eleven large rooms, besides the
superintendent's office, and his recitation room. Part of the basement is
used as a storeroom, and one room is fitted up as a dining room. The build-
ing has a seating capacity of about seven hundred, but it has not the capacity
for as careful and accurate a system of grading as it should have. However,
it is one of the best in the state, and reflects much credit upon the enterprise
of the people of Cambridge. The school taxes us at a rate of nine mills, but
is worthy of jts costly support. The only things it seems to need at present
are a small library of the commonest books of reference and apparatus for
philosophical and scientific explanation.
With the further growth of the city, other school houses were demanded
and were built in about the following order of construction : The Lofland
school was erected in 1895, at a cost of fifteen thousand dollars, the same
being located on Fourth street, and is in an excellent condition.
The South Side school was erected in 1893, costing twenty-eight thou-
sand dollars.
(9)
I3O GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Orchard Place school building was erected in 1906 and opened January
1, 1907. Its cost was twenty-three thousand dollars, and two thousand more
for grounds.
The same date last mentioned the Glass Plant addition school building
was opened ; it is a fine brick structure, costing ten thousand dollars.
The latest and by all odds the finest school building in all this section
of Ohio was the present Brown high school, containing twenty rooms, all
modern throughout, as to heating, lighting and sanitary equipment. It is
located on Steubenville avenue, between Eighth and Ninth streets. Its cost
was sixty thousand dollars, besides ten thousand dollars for grounds and im-
provements of same. It is built of flinty vitralized brick. The building was
first occupied for school purposes January 1, 19 10. The total valuation of
school property in Cambridge is one hundred and sixty thousand dollars.
The schools of Cambridge have been under the charge of the following
principals and superintendents since 1850: William M. Lyons, John Mc-
Clanahan, James McClain. J. C. Douglass, L. C. Brown. W. K. Goderel,
C. C. B. Duncan, John McClanahan, Samuel Kirkwood. John Speer, Thomas
Smith, Prof. John McBurney. Prof. Williams. Prof. Yarnell. Prof. Abbe,
Prof. O. T. Caron. Prof. H. B. Williams, Prof. C. L. Cronebaugh, Prof.
J. M. Carr, Prof. H. Z. Hobson, who came in 1905
According to the 1908 state school reports, Cambridge had an enumera-
tion of 3.210 pupils and an enrollment of 2,276. Daily average attendance,
1.935. I'1 tne high school there were at that date 76 boys and 88 girls.
The population was then fixed at 8,241. The expenditures for that year
were $51,807.
THE FIRST COMMENCEMENT.
[The following- article was written by request especially for the Guern-
sey Times. The author is the venerable Doctor John McBurney. who for
many years was connected with the local schools. He was superintendent
at the time of the first commencement in 1872.]
The first commencement of the Cambridge high school, held in the old
town hall, June 7, 1872, was, viewed from our present standpoint, a very
modest affair, though at that time it created quite an interest.
All that was needed to prepare the place in which it was held was to
turn the benches in the west half of the hall to face the east and the stage.
This was made necessary because at that time the hall accommodated two
schools, separated from each other by having the pupils of the first grammar
school face the east and those of the second face the west. At one o'clock
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. I .i I
on the —tli day of June, thirty-four years ago, the hall was well filled with an
interested audience and the stage occupied by the members of the board, the
teachers and perhaps some others. These four young girls, in their neat-
fitting and tidy calico dresses, occupying the center of the platform, made a
pleasant impression, and modestly received the generous and well-earned ap-
plause of their friends.
After the usual introductory exercises, Miss Nannie E. Morton came
forward without any announcement and delivered the salutatory, '['hen came
Miss Sadie Jackson, with her essay, subject, "Silent Voices." Miss Dolly
I\. Suite followed with her essay on "Sunshine," and Miss Maggie McCall
had the valedictory. All the exercises were well rendered, and received hearty
applause. By authority of the hoard, the superintendent delivered the diplo-
mas. The exercises closed with music and the benediction, and these four
young ladies, followed by the well wishes of their friends, stepped forth the
first of the long line of bright, happy, hopeful high school graduates who are
still going out in ever-increasing numbers from our schools and under much
more favorable conditions than existed June 7. 1872.
And now, in closing this brief account of the days long gone by, allow
us to step over the intervening years and extend to the large class of splendid
young people who received their well-earned diplomas on the thirty-fourth
anniversary of the first commencement of the Cambridge high school, a
hearty greeting with the earnest wish that success may. crown every right
effort of every member through all the coming years.
Among the earliest "free schools" known in this county was the one
established in Richland township in 1814. It came in this way: While
pioneer William Thompson was in Philadelphia buying goods for the first
store in his township, and paying eleven dollars a hundred freight on same,
he employed a school teacher there, named Isaac Woodard — a lame man —
to come here and teach school for twelve months. 'William and Robert
Thompson agreed to pay the teacher in full for his services. The salt works
were then running day and night and many men were employed to cut wood
for the running of the same. These men. many of them, had children and
with others in the settlement made quite a respectable little school. The
men were told to send their children to this school free of cost. Joseph and
Abraham Dillv, having large families each, had small means with which to
pav. but said they were willing to do what they could, as they disliked the
burden to fall on two men. Later they did each pay their share. This is
one of the earliest free schools on record in this country.
I32 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
From the primitive settlement of Byesville, the children attended school
at Oak Grove school house, in Riddle Grove, near the White Ash mine.
Later it was moved to Lucasburg, and some years later the Byesville settle-
ment had a school of their own, the date of the latter being about 1881.
The Byesville school occupied a two-room building that stood on the site
of the Beckett's livery barn. This cost one thousand dollars. John A.
Bliss was the first principal. In 1886 two more rooms were added to the
vest side of this building at a cost of one thousand two hundred dollars. In
1892 more room was needed and after renting awhile, in 1894, when two more
rooms completed the T-shaped building; this last cost one thousand five hun-
dred dollars. It was soon found that the growth of the town was so great
that still better accommodations must be had, and the present site was
chosen and the present fine school building was erected at a cost of twenty
thousand dollars. It stands on a sightly hill overlooking the place. It was
first used in January, 1903. But not yet did the place have sufficient room,
and in 1906, at a cost of one thousand two hundred dollars, the North Side
school of the Ideal addition was built and still rooms had to be leased for
the accommodation of the pupils.
A township high school was first organized out of the village graded
school in 1890, then in 1893 it was made a special district, and in 1894 was
raised to a second grade, and finally under the new classification of high
schools was made first grade in 1904.
In 1907 there were eight hundred pupils enrolled out of the one thou-
sand two hundred school population.
PIONEER SCHOOL DISCIPLINE.
In the early days in Guernsey county the whipping of children at school
was a common practice, and one case in point will illustrate the effect it
sometimes produced upon teacher, pupil and parents :
In Liberty township the first school was taught by a New Englander
named Austin Hunt, who believed the rod was to be freely used when needed
to correct children. The late venerable James Gibson relates this concerning
this practice and was his own experience in "tannin' " :
"I went to keeping school, and kept school here in Liberty. Some of
the boys from over the creek began to run off and stay around the creek to
hunt mussels and crawfish. I found it out and brought them back and gave
them a tannin'. They went home and told their parents that I had whipped
them. The next day their fathers rode up to the school house, called me out
i COUNTY, OHIO.
133
tie tn give me a tannin' foi
• whipping their
e you going to tan me? I
£ you haw any
, but ii" you come into tin's school house I
no tannin' done. 1 think
a good tannin'
GUERNS
to the door and said they had c
hoys. I replied: 'What color
business you can attend to it ni
will do the tannin'.' There w;
never hurt a hoy when he needed it
PRESENT SCHOOL STATISTICS.
The official report made to the secretary of state for the year just ending
(1910) has the following- figures concerning Guernsey county schools:
The elementary teachers of the county have cost $40,911; high school
teachers, $9,905 ; supervision exclusive of teachers, $2,700.
The huildings and grounds purchased in the county are valued at $28,-
149-47-
There are 19 elementary buildings, two high school buildings erected in
the year; 101 elementary school rooms and 29 high school rooms. The value
of the school property is placed at $347,250. The average term taught
throughout the year is 33.35 weeks, with an average daily attendance of
86.91. The largest number of pupils was those taking arithmetic, 4,463 being
enrolled in this study during the year.
In 1908 the reports show the following: Guernsey county contained 19
township districts and 133 sub-districts; 12 separate districts; total number
of members of boards of education, 155; cost of new- buildings, $2,890.
There were at that date, in the county, 253 separate school rooms. The value
of school property was estimated by the authorities at $123,300 in township
districts; $263,650 in separate districts; total of $386,950. The total num-
ber of teachers was 256; average wages paid to men, $41 in the elementary
schools, and $40 to women. The wages paid to high school instructors was,
for men, $50, and about the same for women. The total number of teach-
ers was 267, of which number 121 were men.
The county at the last report had the following village, special and town-
ship district high schools :
Byesville, salary $1,000 for the superintendent, $560 for high school
principal.
Cumberland, salary for principal, $765.
Pleasant City, salary of principal, $520.
Quaker City, salary for principal, $720.
Senecaville, salary for superintendent, $050 : for principal, $480.
Washington, salary for superintendent, $400.
134 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Westland township, salary for principal, $400.
The count)- examiners in Guernsey county are as follows : Worthy
Dyson, clerk, Kimbolton, term expires August 31, 1910; W. O. Moore,
Senecaville. term expired August 31, 1909; T. A. Bonnell, Cambridge, term
expires August 31, 191 1.
OTHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS.
One of the earliest educational institutions in Guernsey county was the
Cambridge Seminary, and the Guernsey Times of May 21, 1825, has the fol-
lowing advertisement of the school :
CAMBRIDGE SEMINARY.
"The subscriber has the pleasure of informing his friends and the public
that he has procured the best books, globes, maps, charts, etc., and has com-
menced a regular course of Geography and Astronomy, which is taught upon
the interrogative plan.
"The English grammar is taught agreeably by 'Hull's System' (by lec-
tures), which is acknowledged to be the best in use, and for which from two
to five dollars has generally been paid to teachers of that plan for forty-eight
hours' services.
"After ten years' experience, the subscriber can with confidence assure
the public, that he is fully prepared to teach all the useful branches of an
English education correctly, and with as much speed as the nature of the
branches, and the capacity of the pupils will admit.
"He pledges himself that no exertions on his part will be wanting, to
render his institution as respectable and useful as any of the kind in the state.
The terms are very moderate.
"William Sedgwick, Teacher.
"Cambridge. April 16, 1825.
"N. B. — A few female boarders would be taken on moderate terms."
THE OLD CAMBRIDGE ACADEMY.
The old Cambridge Academy was incorporated by the Legislature in its
session of 1837-38. with a capital stock of five thousand dollars, divided into
five hundred shares of ten dollars each. Of this stock, seven hundred and
forty dollars was subscribed by the citizens of Cambridge. The old Masonic
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. [35
lodge building on North Seventh street was purchased by the trustees for the
academy building. This public announcement was made September 22, 1838.
The board of trustees were William \V. Tracer, Esq., president; Moses Sar-
chet, secretary; Ebenezer Smith, Esq., Dr. Thomas Miller, Dr. Samuel P.
Hunt. Nathan Evans, Esq., Hamilton Robb and William McCracken. The
institution was conducted under the general management of Rev. James Mc-
Gill. The students were under the immediate care and instruction of William
T. Ellis. The course of instruction embraced all those branches of a thorough
and extensive English education, usually taught in the best high schools and
academies, and the Latin and Greek languages. The academic year was
divided into two sessions of twenty-two weeks each, with a vacation of four
weeks at the close of each session. Terms were : Tuition in all branches of
instruction at eight dollars per session, one-half to be paid in advance, the bal-
ance at the close of the session.
Another scholastic' advertisement appeared in the Times, in October,
1842. It was concerning the college at Antrim and reads as follows:
MADISON COLLEGE.
"The ensuing session will commence on the first Monday in November.
Alexander Clark. A. B.. and Thomas Palmer, Esq., will continue to conduct
the interior operations of the college. Boarding can be had at a very low
rate in respectable families in town and country. Tuition, ten dollars per
session. As a report has gone abroad that Antrim and neighborhood are
unhealthy, the trustees feel it their duty to say that such is not the fact, that
we are not subject to any prevailing diseases, more than the most healthy
neighborhoods.
"By order of the Board.
"M. Green, Secretary.
"Antrim, September 17, 1842."
The history of this college, in short, is as follows : When Madison town-
ship was organized, there were four sections of land reserved by the state and
set apart for public school purposes, numbers 1, 2, 9 and 10, situated in the
northwest part of the township. These lands were directed by law to be
leased to suitable persons for a certain period : they were to be built upon and
improved that the value thereof might be increased and that a revenue might
in time be derived to meet the object intended. The lands were leased and
settled upon and the improvements made. When the term of the leases ex-
pired the Legislature passed an act ordering the lands to be appraised and sold
I36 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
to the highest bidder at not less than the appraisement. Under this arrange-
ment the lands were sold, and were bought principally by the lease-holders.
The proceeds of these sales went into the general state fund for schools. The
same rule held good in the other townships of Guernsey county, too. The
northwest quarter of section 10 was purchased by A. Alexander. The old
road from Cambridge to Steubenville passed through this quarter section.
Alexander was a man of much enterprise and conceived the idea of platting
a town site on this land. Accordingly he surveyed out twenty-four lots,
twelve on each side of this road. This was the beginning of Antrim. Sub-
sequently, James Welch platted and laid off six lots as an addition to the
place.
Doctor Findley bought the quarter lying west of Alexander's land and
took up his residence in a log cabin there. When he was fairly well
settled he began to make arrangements to start a school at the new place.
Either in May, 1835, or 1836, he succeeded in enrolling the names of eight
boys and young men of the vicinity as students. He used his cabin as a reci-
tation room, and thus it was that Madison College had its establishment.
The people around Antrim gave their hearty support, and the students
increased in numbers rapidly, so it was resolved, at a meeting of the town,
that a united effort be made to provide suitable buildings for the embryo col-
lege. Subscriptions were made in money and material, as well as in work,
many giving far beyond their means, so much were they interested. A site
was chosen for the building at the east of the village, on the most elevated
ground about it. David White, a resident, was the contractor. The building
completed was a respectable two-story brick structure, containing two rooms
on the first story, and one large room or hall on the second floor. The name
given the new born institution was "Madison College." The board of trustees
appointed under the laws of Ohio chose Doctor Findley as president, and
Milton Green, M. D., secretary, who was the father of Mrs. Samuel J. Mc-
Mahon. The institution prospered wonderfully. In 1846 Rev. Samuel
Mehaffey, pastor of the Old-School Presbyterian church here, became pres-
ident and this, possibly, became the means of the downfall of the institution.
His successors were A. D. Clark, D. D., Rev. W. Doal, Rev. Thomas Palmer,
and others who were employed as tutors. Then new members were added to
the board of trustees and a college charter was obtained. Rev. Samuel Find-
lex-. Jr. (son of Doctor Findley), was chosen and installed president of the
newly planned school. At this time the school was opened for both sexes,
and seemed to prosper until the plan of erecting a large, costly building was
adopted. There was much opposition to this move, but the new building was
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. [37
erected, completed and occupied. Rev. II. Wilson succeeded Doctor Findley
as president, and his successor was Rev. William Lorimer, during whose term
the crisis was reached. The creditors of the college were beginning to press
their claims hard, the mutterings of the great Civil war cloud were heard, and
finally, when that storm burst, Madison College and its plans for a future
existence were carried down, never more to rise, like the slavery question,
over which the war was so successfully fought out.
CHAPTER IX.
CHURCH AND DENOMINATIONAL HISTORY.
The first settlers in Guernsey county were not all Christians, or members
of any religious organization, but it is quite certain tliat a majority of the
pioneer band were of some special religious faith and adhered to some particu-
lar church creed. The Methodist and Presbyterian churches had the greater
majority of those who first came here to make for themselves homes. The
Methodist Episcopal church, of all others, had a peculiar origin here, especially
at Cambridge, where first it existed in the county. Like the good old Pilgrim
church, it was transplanted from beyond the big seas to the wild forests of
this county. It was in 1806 and 1807 that there came from the beautiful
island of Guernsey, Europe, Thomas Sarchet, William Ogier, James Bichard,
Thomas Lenfestey, Daniel Ferbrache and Thomas Naftel, with their wives and
children, who settled in Cambridge and immediate vicinity. All these parents
were members of the Methodist society, when they left Guernsey, in the old
country, from which this county took its name. They came into the wilder-
ness, indeed. In the year 1808 these emigrants and their wives organized
themselves into the Methodist Episcopal church of Cambridge, Ohio, being as-
sisted by Rev. James Watts, a preacher of the Western conference. As far as
is now known, this was the first attempt at church organization within the ter-
ritory now known as Guernsey county. This being the case, very naturally the
history of this denomination in the county will take the first place in this chap-
ter, and here follows :
THE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.
The church at Cambridge, formed in 1808, held its services for the first
few years in the house of one of its founders — Thomas Sarchet — on the cor-
ner of Main and Pine streets ; later at the court house, and in the lower room
of the old Masonic Hall, a building then occupying the lot opposite the Presby-
terian church. Late in 1831, the trustees, Jacob Shaffner, James Bichard,
John Blancipied, Nicholas Martel, Joseph Neelands, Joseph Wood, Joseph
Cockerel, Joseph W. White and Isaiah Mclllyar, purchased a piece of ground
sixty feet square. It was located on Turner avenue, west of where the Ham-
»r hist.
iry of this pioneer
pen oi
the author of this
i [899
. and reads as fol-
n [832
!-33, and was dedi-
for h
is text, "The Lord
ifuge."
The church had
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. iy>
mond opera house stood many years later. No betl
house of worship can be given than was given by tin
work, and which was published in the Jeffersonion
lows:
The first Methodist Episcopal church was built
cated in [835 by Rev. Joseph Rl. Trimble. He too
nl" ] lusts is with us, and the God of Jacob is our r
been occupied for some time before being dedicated. The church was located
on what is now Turner avenue, of Cambridge, on the smith side and west of
the Hammond Opera House. The lot was sixty feet square, the church a
frame thirty-six by forty feet, costing four hundred dollars. We look back
at this old church. It stands before us in all its simplicity. The front, mi
the north, had two doors and two windows, and a quarter circular window in
the gable. On the east and west sides, three windows, and on the south side
three, one being in the centre above the pulpit. The lot was enclosed with a
board fence, with two gates opposite the doors. The females entered at the
west gate, and the males at the east. In the church there were two centre
aisles and a cross aisle in front of the altar rail and pulpit. The seats to be
right and left of the pulpit ran north and south. These corners were desig-
nated as the "Amen corners." and were occupied by the older men and women,
who often responded "Amen" and "God grant it" when the preacher was
preaching. To the right of the west entrance door were the seats for the
women, and to the left of the east entrance door were the seats for the men.
The sheep and goats were separated. Between the aisles were short seats,
where old men and women, with their children, could sit, but there was no
general indiscriminate sitting. If a stranger took a seat on the women's side,
he was politely notified that he was "in the wrong pew."
The pulpit was five or six feet above the main floor, and was reached by
a flight of steps and entered through a door. The preacher, when seated, was
out of view of the congregation. On the front of the pulpit was a circular
sounding board, for the preacher to pound on to awake his drowsy hearers.
There was a book board in the centre, and a foot board for the short preach-
ers, and when one of these missed the footing he was out of sight until he re-
gained his footing. The hymns were lined out. a stanza at a time, by the
preacher. The congregation singing at the last stanza, all turned around to
kneel in prayer. Some of the preachers often sang alone a favorite hymn.
Dr. James Drummond, who preached in the church, had two which he often
sang: "The Chariot, the Chariot, its Wheels Roll in Fire," and "Turn, Sin-
ners, Turn, for the Tide is Receding, and the Saviour will Soon and Forever
I4O GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Cease Pleading." The church was at first heated with a large tin-plate stove,
in which was burned corchvood, and was lighted by candles suspended around
the walls. There were movable ones on the pulpit for the convenience of the
preacher. There were no young people's meetings or Sunday school until
1835. and then it was only a summer school. Most of the scholars came from
the country barefooted, the boys with straw hats and in their shirt sleeves, the
girls with sunbonnets and cottonade dresses. It was a day of small things.
There were no Sunday school books nor Berean leaves. The John Rogers
primer and the Testament were the text-books. This is but a meagre descrip-
tion of the first church and the manner of worship. We close with this pioneer
verse :
"We felt that we were fellow men ;
We felt that we were a band.
Sustained here in the wilderness
By Heaven's upholding hand.
Yet while we linger we may all
A backward glance still throw,
To the days when we were pioneers.
Sixty years ago."
The preachers that preached in this first church were Revs. James Mc-
Mahon, Samuel Harvey, Cyrus Brooks, David Young, Henry Whiteman, Gil-
bert Blue, Moses A. Milligan, B. F. Meyers. Andrew Carroll, Harvey Camp,
Jeremiah Hill, Luman H. Allen, John M. Reed, I. N. Baird, James Drum-
mond, John Grimm, Thomas Winstanley, Thomas R. Ruckle, J. D. Rich,
Ludwell Petty, R. Stephenson, David Cross, J. Phillips, E. G. Nicholson,
David Trueman, Isaac N. Baird, Robert Boyd, A. J. Blake, J. A. Swaney, J.
D. Knox. S. P. Woolf, James McGinnis, Andrew Magee, T. J. Taylor, Wil-
liam Gamble. Presiding Elders: Robert O. Spencer, Edward H. Taylor, S.
R. Brockunier. James C. Taylor, James G. Sansom.
The second church was built in 1852 and 1853, a two-story brick located
in Gaston's addition, on the lot now owned by J. F. Salmon. This church
was dedicated January 2, 1854, by Rev. James G. Sansom, Andrew Magee, the
preacher, in charge of the Cambridge circuit, Pittsburgh conference. The
preachers who preached in this church were. Andrew Magee, T. J. Taylor,
John Huston, W. Devinney, F. W. Yirtican. James L. Deens, W. B. Watkins,
Tertnllis Davidson, James Henderson, Edward Ellison, A. L. Petty, J. D.
Vail, Samuel Crouse, J. H. Conkle, James H. Hollingshead, Ezra Hingeley.
W. H. Locke. T. R. Mills.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 141
Presiding elders: John Moffit, W. F. l.auck, W. A. Davidson, James
Henderson, S. F. Minor, A. L. Petty, John Williams. Allen II. Norcross,
James R. Mills, \Y. L. Dixon. The third church, located on North Seventh
street and Steubemille avenue, was erected during the pastorates on Cam-
bridge Station, East ( >hio conference, of W. II. Locke and James K. Mills.
The edifice, costing thirty-two thousand dollars, was finished in 1885, and
was dedicated January 9, [886, b) Bishop Edward G. Andrews, assisted by
Dr. Joseph M. Trimble and Dr. C. II. Payne, James R. Mills being the pas-
tor. The preachers who were on the station were J. R. Mills. John Brown,
Sylvester Burt, J. M. Carr, and R. B. Pope. Presiding Elders: W. L. Dixon.
John 1. Wilson, John R. Keyes. The trustees and building committee were
G. J. Albright, Joseph 1). Taylor. T. II. Anderson, John C. Beckett, C. P. B.
Sarchet, Alfred P. Shaffner, J. 0. Mcllyar, B. F. Fleming and W. M. Scott.
On Thanksgiving day, November 25, 1890, the union services were held
in this building. Saturday afternoon. November 27th, it was discovered that
the structure was afire. The flames had been at work for some time before
discovery, and continued their destructive course with great rapidity. In
spite of the fire department, which responded very quickly, in the course of
half an hour portions of the roof began to fall in. and it became apparent that
the building was doomed. Doctor Pope, the pastor, also lost much of his
household goods, which were not protected by insurance in the burning of the
pastorage, but managed to save a rare library of books, the accumulation of
a lifetime. In the end nothing was left but the main tower and belfry, com-
paratively uninjured, and the stone walls. Insurance on the church and its
contents amounted to twelve thousand three hundred dollars. For some time
the dispossessed congregation was accommodated by other churches of the city,
and later services were held in the opera house, and in the assembly room in
the Taylor block, the free use of which was given by the late Col. J. D. Taylor.
At a meeting on December 6, 1896, less than ten days after the fire, the
officials of the church, without a dissenting voice, formally resolved to re-
build the church, upon an improved and enlarged plan. December 10, 1897,
Architect S. R. Badgley, of Cleveland, was employed, at once viewed the site.
and submitted a rough outline of a plan for its reconstruction. On February
4, 1S97, the plans were finally approved. The contract was let to Vansickle
Brothers, of Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, April 14th. to be completed by November
1st, following. This firm began work the last week in April, and on the even-
ing of May 7th, without any previous warning, abandoned the undertaking,
and the member of the firm who was on the work left town in the night, and
never returned. The work was continued under new contracts made for
142 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
separate parts of the work, the carpentry and joiner work being done by the
day. W. C. Carlisle, of Cleveland, was superintendent on behalf of the build-
ing committee.
In April, 1898. the building committee took up also the matter of build-
ing a new parsonage, a work which was in contemplation when the church
burned. The contract was let to Hoyle & Scott, of Cambridge, and the work
progressed rapidly. The entire cost of construction of the church and parson-
age is in round numbers, thirty-six thousand five hundred dollars. The former
church building cost about thirty-five thousand dollars, including site. The
first meeting held in the new church was Sunday. November 26, 1899, when a
long and impressive service was held, at which spoke many of Cambridge's
foremost pastors.
The pastors of this church since the list above mentioned have been:'
Revs. R. B. Pope, from 1897 to I9°3< si-x years ; W. B. Winters, 1903 to 1905 ;
Edwin Jester, from 1905 to 1908; C. N. Church from 1908 to the present
time (fall of 1910), to serve under present appointment to close of conference
year of 191 1.
The present membership of the church is twelve hundred and forty-six;
number in Sunday school, thirteen hundred and fifty. The church is in a
prosperous condition and will soon be aided by an assistant to the pastor in
way of a lady who has been employed for special work in the community, the
time of her coming being fixed at January. 191 1. The present pastor receives
one thousand eight hundred dollars per year and house rent, four hundred dol-
lars. The estimated value of the church property of this church is sixty
thousand dollars.
Besides this church in Cambridge, there is the Second Methodist Epis-
copal church, in the Glass-plant addition, which was formed a few years since.
It has a neat frame building and is laboring hard to free itself from debt. It
is supplied by the present pastor at Lore City, Rev. Bevington.
The African Methodist Episcopal church is now under the charge of
Rev. Beck, recently appointed to this charge. They have a modest, but well
arranged edifice in the city and a good congregation of colored people of the
Methodist faith.
THE BYESVILLE CHURCH.
The Methodist Episcopal church of Byesville. Ohio, had its beginning in
the year 1870, in the organization of a church at Rainey's Chapel, which was
located about two miles from Byesville, and was organized in 1870 with eleven
charter members by the Reverend Fotrtz. Byesville being the most central
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 143
point, it was thought best to move the church to that place: so accordingly in
[879, the church at Rainey's Chapel was torn down and moved to Byesville
and erected on the site where the new church now stands.
Since its organization the following ministers have served as pastors:
Reverends Foutz, Webster, Timberlake, Waters and Stewart, while the church
remained at Rainey's Chapel. Since the church was moved to Byesville, Rev-
erend Stewart was its first pastor. He was followed by Reverends Dennis,
Ream, Gruber, J. K. Crimes, Forsythe, Davidson, Neeley, Bowers, Collier, M.
C. Crimes, Petty and \\". (). Hawkins.
In June, 1907, a new church was projected and the money subscribed.
At a meeting held in August. 1907. a contract was let to F. Wentz & Company
for the sum of twelve thousand eight hundred and seventy-five dollars. The
corner-stone was laid October joth, that year, and it was completed the follow-
ing season.
Since the building of this fine church, which is valued at twenty-five thou-
sand dollars, the membership has increased to three hundred and sixty, with a
Sunday school of five hundred pupils. The present pastor is Rev. W. O.
Hawkins.
THE CHURCH AT CUMBERLAND.
The Cumberland Methodist Episcopal church was organized in 1852. It
now enjoys a membership of three hundred and twenty-five. The records are
not now at hand and cannot he obtained, hence no further detail concerning
this branch of the church in the county. The minutes of the last conference
show the church to have a membership of three hundred and twenty-three, with
a Sunday school of two hundred and twenty ; the church property is valued
at five thousand five hundred dollars. The present pastor is Rev. T. H.
Taylor.
THE SALESVH.LE CHURCH.
The Salesville Methodist Episcopal church, located in the village of this
name, was organized in the summer of 1837, with the following charter mem-
bers: Francis Linn and wife, William Crouse and wife, Thomas Wolford and
wife, James Foreacre and wife, John Rimmer and wife. James Bell and wife,
Mrs. Elizabeth Thompson. Francis Linn was elected class leader, which office
he faithfully filled until called to his home above in 1890.
The first church was built in 1840. the class having worshiped in a build-
ing located on the hill north of the village : it was known as the '■Temple" and
was free to all denominations to hold services in. The building of the first
I4_( GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
church was done chiefly by the members and the material was also donated,
so the cost is not known. It was located just east of the present school build-
ing. The present edifice, which took its place in 1873. is located west of the
school building. The material is frame and its cost was one thousand eight
hundred dollars. It has been improved and repaired much since then and is
now said to be worth two thousand five hundred dollars. It is lighted by a
gasoline plant.
The present membership is eighty. The Salesville and Millers church,
and also the Quaker City church, were on the same circuit for sixty years,
hence the history of one is the same as the other. Recently the Millers church
has been dropped from the circuit and is now a part of Washington circuit,
also with Salesville.
Among the pastors now recalled are these : Revs. Bishop, Boyd, Butts.
Phillips, Rich, Hollister, Hamilton, Rogers, Olp, Baird, Cartwright. Fouts,
Webster, Grimes, Robbins, Armstrong, Taylor, Hollett, Strahl, Petty, West-
wood, Wilson, Lepage, Wycoff, Merrill, Romic and Dunn, the present pastor.
OTHER METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCHES.
Rev. W. Reeves organized a class in the township of Spencer, as
early as 181 5 and erected a house of worship on land owned by Col. Thomas
Bay, Sr., one of the first pioneers of the valley. It was a frame building,
twenty by twenty-eight feet in dimension. In 1852 the class had so grown that
more room was demanded and they sold to the Presbyterian church and in 1853
built again. Rev. Hamilton was pastor when this change was effected.
Quaker City church is in the Barnesville district. The church here was
formed at a very early date, and the present building was erected in 1871, on
the corner of Pike and Main streets. The property of the church and parson-
age is estimated at six thousand dollars. The present pastor is Rev. E. R.
Romig. The membership is now six hundred and ten, while the Sunday
school is six hundred and forty-six.
The Claysville church has a membership of two hundred and nineteen ;
Sunday school of one hundred and eighteen; church property valued at seven
thousand dollars. The pastor is Rev. J. W. Rich.
At Kimbolton the church has a membership of five hundred and seventy-
five, with a Sunday school of three hundred and thirty-five. The church
property is valued at sixteen thousand dollars; the present pastor is Rev. M.
W. Bevington.
The Lore City church has a membership of three hundred and thirty-
GUERNSEY COUNTY, 0 145
five, with a Sunday school numbering- four hundred and twenty. Church
property valued at twelve thousand eight hundred dollars. The pastor is
Rev. C. R. Poulson.
The Senecaville Methodist Episcopal church has a membership of four
hundred and six, with a Sunday school numbering four hundred and twenty.
The present value of the church property is thirteen thousand eight hundred
dollars. The present pastor is Rev. F. G. Fowler.
Pleasant City has a church property valued at fifteen thousand dollars
and a membership of five hundred and sixty. Its Sunday school has a mem-
bership of six hundred. The present pastor is Rev. R. J. Xorris.
The church at Washington has a membership of nine hundred and eighty-
five and its property is valued at nine thousand five hundred dollars. The
present pastor is Rev. W. H. Stewart.
At Buffalo the membership is about one hundred and fifty and the value
of church property is estimated at six thousand five hundred dollars. The
present pastor is Rev. J. F. Cash.
There are other Methodist Episcopal churches in the county that have not
been properly reported to the editor of this work. Among these are preach-
ing places at Hopewell, Birds Run, Antrim, Londonderry, Wesley Chapel, etc.
THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH.
The Christian church of Quaker City is an old organization. In 1859
they had a good building in the eastern part of the village. This was aban-
doned in March, 1875, for the new brick building on the corner of South street
and Broadway.
There is also a society in Cambridge, but they own no building. They
hold services over a business house on the north side of Wheeling avenue.
Another church society is the Associaters, — a branch of the Methodist
Episcopal church, — who by some are termed "Holiness People." They believe
in a much higher life than that taught by the church generally. Some of the
best citizens in Cambridge unite with this sect in their weekly worship.
THE FRIENDS CHURCH (QUAKERS).
Among the early settlers in various part of Guernsey county the Friends
predominated, especially in the vicinity of what is now Quaker City, where
the Hall family planted a church of this faith. A meeting house, as they call
churches, has always been maintained near the village, and a prosperous soci-
(10)
I46 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
ety of Friends has had much to do with the morals and religion of the com-
munity. At an early day the Friends had a much harder time than at present.
Just before the opening of the war of 1812-14, with England, the Friends,
carrying out their belief that war was always wrong, aggressive or defensive,
refused to engage in that war and were badly dealt with by the authorities.
They had heavy fines imposed upon them and in cases sacrificed much of their
property. In cases, the fine collectors were cold, hard-hearted officials who
feathered their own nest, as well as causing this sect any amount of trouble
and loss of valuable property. One Elijah Dyson, then sheriff of Guernsey
county, took it upon himself to enforce the law as against these people and
through his arrests made bad work among them and worked incalculable
injury to them. Among these people are found some of the "salt of the earth"
and today the members of this sect are honored for the carrying out of their
religious convictions.
THE CATHOLIC CHURCH.
The first Catholic church in Guernsey county was probably erected about
1840 at Washington, where some years previous a number of Catholic families
had settled. They continued to worship there until about 1865, under priests
from various parts of the state, especially those from Beaver township, Noble
count}- (then within Guernsey). About 1867 Father Jacket, pastor at Tem-
peranceville, Belmont county, built the church at Gibson Station. He used
some of the rrtaterial of the church at Washington in the construction of this
church. Father Jacket came to Temperanceville in 1854, from Tennessee,
serving this congregation and others in this vicinity, traveling on horseback
over Guernsey, Belmont and Noble counties. In 1868 he was transferred to
Coshocton, Ohio. Fathers O'Brien, Laughlin and Hall succeeded Father
Jacket in the order named, each remaining but a short time. About 1870,
Rev. Father Heary, now of Dennison, Ohio, came to Temperanceville, and at-
tended to the wants of the Catholic people of Guernsey county. He said mass
and held services part of the time at the residence of Steve Ouinn. at the cor-
ner of Second street and Gomber avenue, Cambridge, and part of the time
at Michael Slaymons. at Guernsey Mines. At that date there were not more
than a dozen families near Cambridge.
Father Heary was followed by Father Montag, who for a long time held
services at Slaymon's, Guernsey Mines, then at Adam's hall, near the court
house, which building was leased by the Catholic people. Later the Carlisle
Hall, on Wheeling avenue. Cambridge, was rented. Following Father Heary
came Rev. Nathaniel McCaffrey in 1897, Nvn0 was trie ^rst priest to regularly
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 147
reside at Cambridge. Shortly after his coming, the Catholics bought the
Shultz property, at the corner of Gomber and North Ninth streets, and while
they were erecting a small church on the rear of the lot, he said mass and held
services at William Armbuster's, on West Wheeling avenue.
Then let it be recorded that the first Catholic church in Cambridge was on
Gomber avenue, between Seventh and Eighth streets, and it was dedicated by
Bishop Watterson in December, 1897. The Bishop being of national reputa-
tion, and many never having seen a bishop, the attendance was very large.
This good bishop was noted for his zeal in the cause of temperance.
The first parish formed in Cambridge was organized by Father McCaff-
rey, who was succeeded by Father James Slevin, who remained only eight
months, retiring on account of his extreme old age. Then came Rev. C. H. A.
Watterson as pastor, beginning his labors in July. 1901. The congregation
grew and flourished spiritually, under his administration. In June, 1904, he
was selected to organize a parish in East Newark, Ohio. The same year and
month he was succeeded by the present able pastor. Rev. J. H. Wagner. Under
his guidance, the congregation has almost, if not quite, doubled its member-
ship.
In 1910 (present year) there is being completed a magnificent brick
church, with a parochial school building on the lots above described, on the
corner of Gomber and North Seventh streets. This is known as St. Benedict's
church. The church will easily seat seven hundred persons. The interior
finish of this building is indeed elegant; its altars are works of high art, the
main one costing in excess of eight hundred dollars. This church building
is considered one of the finest in this section of the country. Its dedication
was on Sunday. November 20, 1910, when Bishop Hartley, of Columbus,
officiated, being assisted by Father Waterson and Father O'Boylan, of New-
ark, and Father Mattingly of Lancaster.
The Slavish Roman Catholic church at Byesville was begun in June,
1905, and completed in November of the same year. It was erected at an
expense of seven thousand dollars, and its location is on Fifth street, south of
Main. The congregation in 1907 was over seven hundred. A nine-room
parsonage was provided south from the church, at a cost of five thousand dol-
lars. Rev. E. F. Rahtarsik, pastor, was the man who put this church on its
present standing.
METHODIST PROTESTANT CHURCH.
The Methodist Protestant church at Cambridge was formed by Rev.
Cornelius Springer, in 1830. with seven members, Thomas Mcllyar and wife.
I48 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Peter Corbet and wife. Zephima C. Suitt and wife and Thomas Sarchet. Mr.
Sarchet did not become a full member until 1832.
Services were held in the lower room of the old Masonic building, on
Seventh street. A small brick church was built in 1832, Thomas Sarchet
having donated the lot and built the church. In 1832 the society was reor-
ganized and Thomas Sarchet, Solomon Tomolson and wife, Sarah Tingle and
others, became members in full communion. The local church at this time be-
longed to Cambridge circuit. Rev. William Reeves and wife and Rev. George
Broure served as evangelists before any regular pastor -was appointed. Rev.
Jacob Meyers and Rev. A. H. Basset seem to have been on the Cambridge
circuit at this time and preached at Cambridge, as Rev. Springer lived at Zanes-
ville. The first pastor in charge was Rev. Jacob Ragan, he having been ap-
pointed by the Pittsburg conference in the autumn of 1832. Rev. Ragan died
here October 3, 1834, and his body rests in the old cemetery here. Singular
enough to relate, it appears that with the passing of all these years only two
pastors died in Cambridge from this church. Revs. Ragan and John Rowcliff.
Rev. Dobbins filled out Rev. Ragan's time. The records show that Revs. J.
Burns and George Claney were appointed pastors of Cambridge circuit in 1834
and supplied Cambridge. Rev. John Herbert came in 1836; Revs. Israel
Thrapp and A. H. Basset, in 1838 and 1840. Following came pastors, Jacob
Nichols and John Rowcliff, the latter dying in 1846. Then came Rev. Wil-
liam Munhall and Rev. Washington Mannard in 1849. These were succeeded
by George Caney and Joel Thrapp. This brings it to 1851, when Cambridge
became a station and Rev. Springer became pastor in 1852. In 1853 came
William Ross; Rev. Washington Mannard, 1855; Rev- J°hn Burns, i860.
Then Cambridge was attached to Cambridge circuit again and Rev. C. L.
Sears and Rev. J. W. Case were appointed pastors in 1863. In 1865 came
Revs. J. M. Woodward and T. H. Scott. In 1866, Revs. E. S. Hoagland
and Rev. Walter Moore served. In 1871 came Revs. J. W. Woodward and
O. V. W. Chandler. 1872, came Rev. K. M. Woodward. At that date Cam-
bridge again became a station and Rev. S. A. Fisher was appointed pastor in
1873-
During the latter's pastorate the second church was erected, the same
costing seven thousand dollars, and was dedicated November 26, 1876, Revs.
J. J. Murray and Alexander Clark officiating, assisted by clergymen from the
Methodist Episcopal church. In 1879 Rev. S. S. Fleming became pastor.
Then came Revs. E. H. Scott, 1880; A. Sarchet, 188 1 ; J. W. Thompson,
1882: M. L. Jennings, 1883; J. A. Thrapp, 1887; F. A. Brown, 1890; G. E.
McManiman, 1895; J. A. Selby, 1896; S. A. Fisher, 1901 ; C. E. Sheppard,
1904; W. E. Harrison, 1910, and still serving as pastor.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO, i-l<)
During the seventy-five year,- history of this church there seems to have
been thirty-one regular pastors. Of these only twelve are now living. It was
during the pastorate of Rev. Selby that the third church building was erected
' at a cost of thirteen thousand and ten dollars. It was dedicated June i<;. [898,
by Doctors F. T. Tagg. of Baltimore, and M. L Jennings, of Pittsburg, as-
sisted by Doctors D. C. Coburn, W. L. Wells, J. A. Selby and F. A. Brown.
During Rev. Sheppard's time as pastor here, the heating plant system was
installed and a beautiful pipe organ was secured and other improvements made
upon the church, which is indeed a model house of worship.
BYESVILLE.
The Byesville Methodist Protestant church was organized about 1873,
Rev. John Burns, D. D., of the Cambridge Methodist Protestant church, offici-
ating. The organization took place in the home of Liburn B. Rodgers. then
living at Old Town, just east from Enon Baptist church. The following is a
list of charter members: L. B. Rodgers and wife, Isaac Hoopman and wife.
Weslev Gorsuch and wife, Mary (Kaufman) Cummings.
At first they met at private houses and in a log building at the forks- of
the road near Trail run, where they worshiped until the fall of 1853, when a
church known as Bethlehem, was dedicated. Rev. Joel Thrapp, D. D., officiat-
ing. This served until 1880 when the society bought a lot and erected a new
church at the corner of Main and Depot streets in Byesville, which served
until 1903, when the present commodious edifice was erected, at the corner
of Main and North High streets.
The pastors who have faithfully served this people include these: Rev.
William Ross. Rev. Joel Thrapp. D. D.. Rev. Orr, Rev. Israel Thrapp. Rev.
William Sears, Rev. Case, Rev. John Burns, D. D., Rev. E. S. Hoagland,
Rev. J. C. Ogle, Rev. Thomas Scott. Rev. A. Harrison, Rev. J. P. King, Rev.
J. My Woodward, Rev. O. V. W. Chandler, D. D., Rev. S. A. Tisher, D. D..
Rev. W. L. Wells, D. D., Rev. J. B. McCormick. D. D., Rev. W. H. Guy. Rev.
S. S. Fisher. D. D.. Sc. D.. Rev. G. E. McManiman, D. D„ Rev. Joseph Gray,
Rev. W. S. Cairns, D. D., Rev. D. C. Weese, Rev. C. R. Blades. Rev. C. S.
McGrath, Rev. C. E. Stockdale.
THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.
Presbyterianism has always been a strong factor in the county — both the
regular and United Presbyterian bodies. The following facts have been fur-
nished by the present pastor of the Presbyterian church at Cambridge, at the
request of the publishers of this work :
I5O GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
In the year 1827 Rev. 'William Wallace was authorized by some presby-
tery to visit the village of Cambridge and establish a Presbyterian church
organization. In accordance with directions he effected such an organization
in April of that year. Three elders were elected, viz: Thomas Oldham,
James Wilson and Jesse Johnston. Their meetings for preaching services
were held in the court house, and for some time Rev. William Wallace min-
istered to the congregation, preaching for them at stated intervals. In the
year 1834 the names of John B. Thompson, M. D., David Burt and Ehenezer
Smith were added to the roll of sessions, and the names of Silas Burt and
Michael Rogers were added in the year 1837.
About the year 1837 Rev. James Black supplied the church for some little
time ; he was followed by Rev. John Arthur, who supplied the congregation
for two or three years. After this Rev. William Wallace furnished whatever
preaching service they had until the year 1850.
At a congregational meeting held in 1845 tne following elders were
elected : Samuel Wilson. Hugh Wilson, Thomas Oldham, Jr. Later the name
of John McFarland was added to the roll of eldership. The church records
will show that these men were of the strictest sect, and administered the law
accordingly.
The congregation of Cambridge was a part of the presbytery of Zanes-
ville and when the union of the Old-School and New-School Presbyterian
churches was formed it was transferred to the presbytery of St. Clairsville.
Al out the first of October, 1853, Rev. William V. Milligan, a young man
who had been licensed by the presbytery of St. Clairsville in April, 1853, went
out to Uniontown, Muskingum county, Ohio, to preach for Rev. William
Ferguson, while Rev. Ferguson would fill an appointment that he had made
at Cambridge, Ohio. The young man suggested that Rev. Ferguson let him
fill the appointment at Cambridge, the request was granted and on the first
Sunday of November, 1853. Rev. Milligan preached his first sermon for the
congregation that he was to serve for forty-five years. He agreed to preach
as supply until the first of April, 1854. During the winter his work was very
successful, and the records show that there were two meetings of the session
held that winter for the purpose of receiving new members. As the pastor in
charge was not an ordained minister. Rev. William Ferguson moderated one
meeting and Rev. Jacob Milligan the other. The congregation was so well
pleased with the ministrations of Rev. Milligan that in the spring of 1854 they
gave him a call to become their pastor, and in the little brick church which oc-
cupied the site of the present commodious structure, he was ordained by the
presbytery of Zanesville, May 10, 1854.
i;ri-:u\si-;v corxTV, o
The history of the congregation is practically the history of the work of
Rev. W. V. Milligan, D. I)., for the next forty-five years. The work begun
on the first Sabbath of November,. [853, was continued without intermission
or a single vacation, missing but two Sundays appointment till the last Sab-
hath of November, 1898. The last service of Doctor Milligan was Sabbath
evening and a large congregation was present. At the close of the service
Doctor Milligan announced that the pulpit of the Presbyterian church would
be vacant that night at twelve o'clock. Doctor Milligan retired from the active
work of the ministry with the good will of not only the members of his own
congregation, but of the entire community. Coming to the congregation
fresh from the seminary, he had given to the congregation a life of faithful
service: the strung, vigorous church that he left as a monument is a fitting
testimonial to the character of that service rendered, not as unto man but as
unto God. Since Doctor Milligan resigned he has seen three pastors called
to the pulpit. The present pastor attributes much of his success to the help-
ful counsel and cheerful advice given by him. who, as a father in Israel, is loved
and respected by all who know him. He has already passed the mark of four-
score years, yet is his natural force not abated, nor his interest in the congre-
gation which he served so long lessened.
When Doctor Milligan took charge of the work in 1853 there were eighty-
three names on the church roll. The village of Cambridge had a population
of less than a thousand, and had at least four other congregations at work in
this limited territory, viz : Methodist Episcopal. Methodist Protestant. Bap-
tist, and Associate, afterward the United Presbyterian. The growth of the
Presbyterian organization was a steady one. about twenty names being added
each year, and when Doctor Milligan closed his pastorate in 1898 the church
had a membership of two hundred and fifty.
Doctor Milligan was quite a builder in more senses than one. In 1857
the congregation, under his direction, erected a building costing over four
thousand dollars, and in 1893 the present modern structure was erected at a
cost of twenty thousand dollars.
In 1876 Rev. William Bryant was elected elder. In 1892 the following
were selected elders: Samuel J. McMahon, Alexander Fulton, Jonathan F.
Oldham, W. B. Green and Howard W. Luccock. In the year 1900 William
F. Dollison, Samuel W. Luccock, Oscar Dougherty, Robert H. Mills and Sam-
uel E. Boden were elected to the eldership, and in 1906 the following were
elected and installed as elders: C. C. Laughlin, George M. Williams. Chester
Lloyd. J. M. Carr. Edward B. Milligan, E. A. Scott and J. M. Wood.
Rev. W. F. W'eir, D. D., was elected to the pastorate of the congregation,
Ig2 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
May 24. 1899, and was installed August 6th of the same year. Doctor Weir
came to the congregation just at a time when an active, aggressive man was
needed. Cambridge had begun to grow very rapidly. He proved to be just
the man tor the place. In a short pastorate of less than four years he added
over two hundred members to the church and when he left the congregation,
to accept a call to Ashtabula, he left a strong, vigorous congregation of over
four hundred members.
On July 15, 1903, Rev. Ken C. Hayes was called to the pulpit made vacant
by the resignation of Doctor Weir. Rev. Hayes was installed September 28,
1903. Doctor Hayes was a very forcible preacher, a man of most pleasing
persi iriality, and had a quiet but successful pastorate of six years, when he
resigned to accept a call to another congregation.
The present pastor, Rev. William L. McCormick, was installed Septem-
ber 21, 1909. Since the beginning of the present pastorate there have been
ninety accessions to the church and the congregation is in a most prosperous
condition financially, and on every hand there is evidence of the presence and
blessing of the Holy Spirit. At present the congregation has a membership
of almost five hundred, and the prospect for future growth were never more
promising.
CUMBERLAND.
The Buffalo Presbyterian church, at Cumberland, was organized in 1816.
It now has a membership of three hundred and fifty. It is one of the oldest
and most substantial churches in Guernsey county, and of the entire state, in
the list of country churches.
Three church buildings have served this people, the first being situated
just to the north of the village of Cumberland, the second in the western end
of the village and the present one about the center. The last named was
erected in 1894, is of brick, and cost eighteen thousand dollars.
The pastors who have served this congregation have been : Revs. Bald-
ridge, 1817-23; William Wallace, 1824-38; Thomas P. Gordon, 1840-42; M.
M. Brown, 1843-1853: William R. Fulton, 1853-55; J°hn R- Duncan, 1857-
1864; Henry C. Foulke, 1867-78; F. M. Kumler, 1880-89; H. C. Morledge,
1890-1909; David C. Whitemarsh, 1909, the present pastor.
LORE CITY.
The Lore City Presbyterian church is midway between Washington and
Senecaville. The people erected a neat little church here and effected an
GUERNSEY COIXTV, OHIO. 153
organization in 1884, with forty-seven members. This church has been min-
istered to by the pastors of Washington and Senecaville.
WASHINGTON.
Washington Presbyterian church was formed by early settlers from out
the sturdy Scotch-Irish people. They first met at the village hotel and they
depended on traveling ministers. The first house of worship was erected in
181 _', and was a small log house built by the people. It stood just outside the
village, near the old graveyard. Ten years later an addition was made to
this log church and in 1827 a new brick church was provided in the town.
This was almost totally destroyed in 1834 by a wind storm, was rebuilt and
enlarged, and served until i860, when, in a year later, the present church was
erected.
This church was organized in 181 1, under the name of Leatherwood,
which was changed to Washington in 1822. Rev. John Boyd was instru-
mental in founding this congregation. The pastors serving for many years
are found in the Lore City and Senecaville church histories of this denom-
ination. This church has experienced many great revivals, the largest prob-
ably in its entire history being that of 1839, under Rev. Samuel Hair. Other
revival seasons were in 1858 and 1885.
SENECAVILLE.
The Senecaville Presbyterian church was organized in 1810 by Rev. John
Royd, whose labors were divided between this point and Leatherwood. In
1815 Rev. James Smith accepted a call, and he died in 1819. The next pastor
was Rev. Thomas B. Clark, who began in 1821 and continued nine years.
The church then remained vacant a number of years, during which time a
great revival broke out. But without a pastor, the congregation became scat-
tered again, and a Cumberland Presbyterian society was formed which almost
absorbed the original mother Presbyterian church. In 1835 came Rev. David
Polk, who brought the fragments of the church together again and their prop-
erty was restored to them and much good done. Following him came Rev.
John Arthur for eighteen months, then came Rev. John Alexander in 1842,
continuing until 1853. During this period the congregation flourished and
grew in numbers greatly. In 1854 came Rev. William Ferguson, and gave
the church one-fourth of his time until 1862, after which all of his time was
devoted to the church at Washington. During his labors a church was built
154 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
and a great revival followed. Then the churches of Senecaville and Washing-
ton were dissolved and separate congregations formed. Then was built the
church of Bulah. at Claysville : Rev. W. R. Miller took charge of this and con-
tinued until 1867. In 1 868 Rev. Courtw right became pastor and he resigned
in 1870. In 1874, Rev. R. B. Porter was made pastor, continuing until 1876.
After the resignation of this man took place the former relationship with the
church at Washington was resumed, and Rev. A. G. Eagleson became pastor
iif the Washington church, supplying this church two years. In 1879 Rev. J.
P. Stafford, D. D., began his labors as stated supply, continuing a year and a
half. Doctor Miller also supplied for a short season. In 1883 Rev. Newton
Donaldson, a pastor of the Washington church, became pastor at Senecaville,
remaining for five years. Soon after his coming a new church was formed at
Lore City, composed of members from both Senecaville and Washington.
These three churches constituted the charge of Mr. Donaldson, and his min-
istry was very successful. Rev. Charles McCracken succeeded Mr. Donald-
son, continuing three years. The next pastor was Rev. McMaster, who re-
mained three years. (No further data was sent to the author of this work.)
THE CUMBERLAND PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.
A church of this denomination was organized in Spencer township, in
1835, by a number of Presbyterians who were dissatisfied with the creed and
teachings of the mother church ; hence they, in connection with Rev. Isaac
Shook, of Tennessee, formed what they desired and finally were permitted to
call it the "Cumberland Presbyterian church." It was made up largely from
members of the old Buffalo Presbyterian church. The first membership
(August, 1835) was forty-two. It has flourished well and had many strong
pastors, including Revs. Shook, Thomas Thomas, Ezra K. Squire, D. D.,
A. D. Hail, D. D.. W. G. Archer and others of later days. In 1895 they oc-
cupied their second church building, a fine brick church.
UNITED BRETHREN CHURCH.
There are now. in this county, the following United Brethren churches :
The Cambridge churches, the Four Mile Hill church, the one at Gibson, the
one at Senecaville and one at Chestnut Hill.
The Otterbein United Brethren church, near Four Mile Hill, east of
Cambridge, in Centre township, was formed many years ago. It now has a
membership of fifty-four. Its house of worship consists of a frame structure,
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. I 5 5
thirty by fifty feet, now valued at two thousand five hundred dollars. Tin's is
served by the pastor of the Second church of Cambridge, at present, and has
been for three years.
The Madison avenue United Brethren church, at Cambridge, was organ-
ized in August, [891, by Rev. I. Dennis, pastor. The charter members were
Peter Grudier and wife, Mrs. Naff, Mis. R. Evans, Miss Anna Bailey and
Joseph Moore. The following winter seventy-five members were received into
the church from a revival conducted by Reverend Dennis. The present num-
ber of active members is two hundred and seventy-six.
The following; have served as pastors: Rev. W. S. Coder. [893; Rev.
A. M. Shepherd. 1K94: Rev. J. S. Jones, from [895 to i<k>4: Rev. W. S.
White, from 11)04 to 1906; Rev. \Y. O. Siffert, 1906 to 1911.
The society purchased the Madison avenue school property in [892 for
one thousand five hundred and ten dollars and have remodeled the building and
built a good parsonage. The present value of the church property is fixed at
seven thousand five hundred dollars and free from dehts.
The Second United Brethren church, located in East Cambridge, on the
road leading- to Byesville, was organized by Rev. \Y. O. Siffert. of the First
United Brethren church of Cambridge, September 6, lgc'S. The charter mem-
bers were as follows: James H. Barrow, Mrs. J. II. Barrow, Mrs. J. H. Buck-
ingham. Cecil Buckingham, Mr. and Mrs. Landman, Charles Landman,
Martha Landman. Ernest Landman, J. H. Hollett. Mrs. J. H. Hollett. II. W.
Thatcher. Mrs. H. \Y. Thatcher. Mabel Thatcher, Mrs. Jane Willis, Maud
Willis, Mrs. Maud Biggs, Mrs. Lizzie Bebout. J. D. Olliver.
Rev. C. C. Slater began his pastorate — the church's first — October 4,
[908. A frame church was erected, twenty-eight by forty feet in size, costing
one thousand two hundred dollars. The present membership of this society
is one hundred and four.
EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH.
Christ's Evangelical Lutheran church, at the corner of South Ninth street
and Madison avenue, Cambridge, was organized September 9, 1901. There
were twenty-two charter members and at present the church enjoys a member-
ship of one hundred.
The pastors who have served this society are as follows: Rev. O. Z.
Horshman, 1901 to 1904; Rev. W. J. Kratz, 1904 to date, 1910. A neat
church, built of tile, was erected so that it was dedicated December 21, 1902.
Its cost was four thousand dollars.
I56 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
PLEASANT CITY.
St. Paul's Evangelical Lutheran church, of Pleasant City (formerly Point
Pleasant), was organized April 1, 1864, by the following charter membership:
Isaac Secrest, Mary Secrest, Elizabeth Albin, John W. Spaid, Elizabeth Spaid,
Thomas Albin, Thomas A. Dyson, Christina M. Dyson, Sarah M. Dyson,
Eliza A. Savely, Sarah Dyson, Martha J. Albin, Elizabeth A. Kackley, Levi
Secrest, Elizabeth Secrest, Timothy Hickle, Hannah Hickle, Elizabeth Jordan,
John Sinter, Barbara Secrest, Baylis D. Kackley and Mahala Secrest. These
persons were also nearly all charter members of the Harmony Evangelical
Lutheran church, organized at Hartford, Ohio, in 1848. The organization
of the church now being treated was effected in the old school house in Pleas-
ant City, under direction of Rev. Reuben Smith. The Methodist Episcopal
church building was used by the Lutherans until in 1869, when the Lutherans
decided to build for themselves a house of worship. During the remaining
months of 1869 and into the early months of 1870, while the new building was
being completed, the congregation held services and Sunday school in the brick
building now owned by John Stranathan, on the northwest corner of the pub-
lic square.
Early in 1869, the building committee purchased from Jonas D. and
Sarah A. Arnold, for one hundred and fifty dollars, the southeast corner lot
from the public square. The building committee consisted of Abraham
Thompson, Dr. William Teeter, John W. Spaid, John H. Finley and Thomas
Albin.
A substantial frame structure, forty by fifty feet, was erected at a cost of
two thousand dollars. Early in June, 1870, this building was dedicated to the
worship of God.
The first officers were : Thomas Dyson and Timothy Hickle, elders ; John
W. Spaid and Thomas Albin, deacons. Mr. Albin is still living and has served
his church in an official capacity since 1864. The congregation worshiped
here from 1870 until 1898, when the house was removed and a new church
building erected. The old building was moved to the north side of Main
street, and is now used as a business room and dwelling apartments. When
the new church was built the building committee was as follows : W. F. Bierly,
Samuel Finley, T. S. Nicholson, C. F. Floto and J. A. Kackley. The corner-
stone was laid July 3, 1898, and the house was dedicated on New Year's day.
1899, Rev. S. A. Orl. D. D., of Springfield, Ohio, delivering the dedicatory
sermon. The new structure cost about four thousand dollars, but the build-
ing and furniture could not be furnished today, at the going prices for labor
GUERNSEY ColXTY. OHIO. I.V
and material, for less than six thousand dollars. It is a very comfortable,
commodious and churchly structure.
The present membership of the church is one hundred and three com-
municants and one hundred and forty-one baptized members. It now enjoys
its largest membership. It has a Sunday school of two hundred and fifteen
scholars, with \Y. F. Bierly as its efficient superintendent.
The charter members of this prosperous church still surviving are:
Thomas Albin, Eliza A. Savely, Elizabeth A. Kackley, Martha J. Dyson and
Levi Secrest.
The i<)io officers are: Dr. J. A. Kackley, A. C. Flanagan and Thomas
Albin, elders; T. A. Spaid. Robert M. Shields and O. E. Trenner, deacons.
The church society is free from debt and has a good working balance in its
treasury. Harmony and good will mark the work of this church.
The parsonage, which is the joint property of Harmony, St. Taul and
Mt. Zion congregations, is a comfortable, commodious eight-room dwelling,
located on the same street and lot of the church.
The following pastors have served this people: Reuben Smith. 1864 to
1866; James Shrieves, 1867 to 1873: A. R. Smith, 1873 to 1876; D. M.
Harme, 1878 to 1880: J. Steck, 1880 to close of; A. C. Martin, 1881 to close
of; L. S. Jones, 1881 to 1882; A. Sell, 1882 to 1883; J. R. Booher, 1883 to
1884; S. B. Hyman, 1885 to 1887; S. E. Slater, 1888 to 1890; A. J. Hauk.
1890 to 1892; A. R. Felton, 1893 to 1895; C. F. Floto, 1895 to 1900; Wil-
liam Hesse, 1900 to 1902 ; C. F. Floto, 1902 to 1905 ; J. F. Hershiser, 1905 to
1908; H. A. Richardson, 1908, April 15, and is still serving as pastor.
SENECAVILLE.
The Lutheran church at Senecaville was founded in 1827 by Rev. Wil-
liam G. Keil. born at Strasburg, Virginia, in 1799 and died at Senecaville in
1892. His labors were great and extended over much of the territory in
southern Ohio. This faithful man preached here more than forty years. The
church has never been strong since his labors ceased. The greatest revival in
the history of this church was in the winter of 1833-34, when many prominent
citizens were converted.
A call was extended to Rev. William G. Keil to become pastor. Henry
Secrest and Henry F. Frye, elders, and Peter D. Robins and James L. Gil-
breath were the first regularly elected officials of the congregation. Peter D.
Robins was elected clerk and Robertson Rose and Casper Lurrick were chosen
choir-masters.
I58 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
During the first year of this church's existence the membership was in-
creased to sixty-nine. But one of the church members, Miss Elizabeth R.
Frye, of Dei-went, is still living. The old church building served its purpose
and was replaced by the present structure. It was in 1896 that a new house
was built on the site of the old one. W. H. Spaid, E. E. Nulund and J. R.
Miley were chosen to serve as a building committee. The contract was let
to J. W. Spaid. The corner-stone was laid June 14, 1896, and the church was
dedicated to the worship of God December 27, 1896, Rev. H. L. Wiles, D. D.,
of Mansfield, Ohio, officiating. The estimated cost of the building was about
three thousand dollars, and at a time when wages and material were much
cheaper than at present. Recent improvements amount to additional expense
of about seven hundred dollars.
THE HARMONY CHURCH.
The Harmony Evangelical Lutheran congregation has a very beautiful,
comfortable and churchly edifice in which to worship. Rededicatory services
were held November 6, 19 10, the present pastor, Rev. H. A. Richardson, de-
livering the sermon and Rev. W. J. Krutz, of Cambridge, delivering the even-
ing discourse. This church now has one hundred and thirteen communicants
and one hundred and fifty-one baptized members. It is out of debt and has a
neat sum to its credit in the treasury. There is no internal strife, and a general
good feeling and spirit prevails. It has a flourishing Sunday school, an inter-
esting prayer meeting, a well attended Christian Endeavor society and an
active, helpful Ladies' Aid Society. The prospects for the future are very
bright. May Almighty God continue to bless and favor this congregation in
the future as He has during the past sixty-two years of its existence.
The following have served as the pastors of this church: Revs. W. G.
Keil, 1848 to 1860, twelve years; George Sinsabaugh, i860 to 1862, two years;
A. C. Felker, 1862 to 1864, two years; Reuben Smith, 1864 to 1866, two
years; James Shrivers, 1867 to 1873, six years; A. R. Smith, 1873 to 1876,
three years; D. M. Harmer, 1878 to 1880, two years; J. Steck, 1880 to 1881
(supply), three months; A. C. Martin, 1881 (supply), three months; L. S.
Jones, 1881 to 1882, one year; A. Sell, 1S82 to 1883, one year; J. K. Boolur,
1883 to 1884, one year; S. B. Hyman. 1885 to 1887, two years; S. E. Slater,
1888 to 1890, two years; A. J. Hank, 1890 to 1892, two years; A. K. Floto,
1895 to tqoo, four years and nine months; William Hesse, 1900 to 1902, two
years; C. F. Floto, 1902 to 1905, three years; J. F. Hieshiser, 1905 to 1908,
two years, two months; H. A. Richardson. 1908, present pastor.
i,i ERNSEV COUNTY, OHIO. 159
Harmony Evangelical church, of Hartford, was organized and lias had
the following history, as written by the present pasti >r. Rev. 1 1. A. Richardson :
Preliminary steps leading to the founding of a Lutheran church at Hart-
ford, Guernsey county, Ohio, were taken about three years before a permanent
organization was effected and a church edifice built.
On the 30th day of January. 1845, at a special meeting of the under-
signed held in Hartford, for the purpose of considering the erection of a house
of worship and effecting a church organization, it was resolved:
"First — That it be and is herein- recommended that the contemplated
building be thirty-four feet by forty-four feet, a good substantial frame struc-
ture, weather-boarded with planed poplar hoards, four windows in each side
and two in one end and opposite the doors in the other end, windows to have
twenty-four lights each, ten inches by twelve, and one row of same size above
each door.
"Second — That the trustees invariably belong to the Lutheran church.
"Third — That we proceed to the election of three trustees. The election
resulted in the choice of Henry Secrest, Henry F. Frye and Peter D. Robins.
"Fourth — That the said trustees proceed forthwith to carry the above pur-
pose into execution."
Signed by Henry F. Frye, Henry Secrest and Peter D. Robins, John
Hickle, John Birkhammer, William Spaid, Abraham Alhin. Michael Spaid,
Henry Trumer and Jacob Cale.
The above specifications do not seem to be very explicit for the building
of a house of worship, but it is presumed that they were amply sufficient for
those days of simple and honest dealing. With a few minor changes the house
was erected according to these plans, sometime within the next three years.
Oil the 22nd day of January, 1848, a permament organization was effected.
The names of the following persons appear as church members: John Stins,
Henry Secrest. Elizaheth Secrest, Henry Trumer, Sarah Trumer, Abraham
Albin, John Hickle. Robertson Rose, James L. Gilhreath. Henry F. Frye.
Timothy Hickle. Margaret Spaid, Casper Lurrick, Peter D. Robins, Deborah
M. Robins, Mahala Moore. Christina Dyson, Mary Dyson, Elizaheth R. Frye
and Mary Frye. twenty in all.
st. John's church ("episcopal).
St. John's Mission. Cambridge, Ohio, was organized by the Rev. J. M.
Kendrick, D. D.. general missionarv of the diocese of Southern Ohio. The
exact date of the organization is unknown, but it is certain that it took place
l6o GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
in the fore part of the eighties. Services were first held in the old Methodist
church on Gaston avenue and Ninth street. Before long the place of holding
services was changed, and the congregation worshipped in the hall above Haw-
thorne's drug store on Wheeling avenue. The present church building on
Steubenville avenue, near Sixth street, was opened for services on November
15. 1891. The church was consecrated by the bishop coadjutor of the diocese
of Southern Ohio, our present Bishop, the Rt. Rev. Boyd Vincent. D. D., on
October 26, 1897.
When the mission was organized Dr. William T. Ramsey was appointed
lay reader. The first clergyman in charge was the Rev. C. B. Mee. 1886-
1888. During a vacancy of two years the Rev. R. K. Nash officiated oc-
casionally. After this the following clergymen served at St. John's: Rev. C.
E. Butler. 1890-93: Dr. William T. Ramsey, 1893-95: Rev. R. McCutcheon,
1895-96: Rev. Geo. P. Torrence, 1897-1899; Rev. C. E. Byrer, 1901-1903;
Ven. John R. Matthews, 1903-1904; Rev. Smith, 1904; Rev. A. Ramsey,
1904-1907: Ven. J. H. Dodshon, 1907-1910; Rev. Alexander J. J. Gruetter,
1910. The present rector is the arch-deacon of Columbus, the Ven. J. H.
Dodshon. and his assistant is the minister in charge, the Rev. A. J. J. Gruetter.
UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCHES.
The First United Presbyterian church of Cambridge was organized in
1814, hence is one of the oldest religious societies in the county. Its pastors
have been as follows: Revs. James McClain, 1824-1839; James McGill, 1S39-
1850: Thomas Brown, 1850-60; William H. McFarland, i860 to 1900;
Thomas D. Edgar, October 4, 1900. to April 30, 1905 : J. W. Ashwood. No-
vember 5, 1905, and still serving. The present membership of this church is
seven hundred and fifty-seven.
Their various places for worship since 1814 have been, first, a tent on the
hill above the "fish-basket'' on Wills creek; second, a small brick church on
the lot where is now located the J. E. Sankey house, on East Steubenville
avenue ; third, a frame church on the present site of the church now in use ;
fourth, the present church edifice, a large brick structure erected about i860,
located on Steubenville avenue, between Seventh and Eighth streets.
The Second United Presbyterian church, Cambridge, was organized May
20, 1897, with a membership of seventy. The following named persons were
elected the first ruling elders in the congregation : W. S. Heade. Esq., W. W.
Hawthorne, David P. Wilson, W. E. Boden and A. N. Thompson. The fol-
lowing named persons constituted the first board of trustees of the congrega-
tion: J. X. McCartney, W. N. Patterson, R. D. Hood, \\ . L. Boden, \\ . \ .
( ran in, ami James Kevin 'Id-.
The congregation worshipped in a hall for some time until the present
church building, located on West Eighth street, was completed in June, 1900.
The congregation has had three pastors. The Rev. Thomas C. Pollock was
chosen as the firsl pastor, and began his work August I. 1897, and served the
congregation as pastor until November 4, 1901. The Rev. Gilbert O. Miller
was selected as the second pastor, commencing his labors July 1, 1902, and
served in this capacity for live years. The Rev. R. A. Elliott was the third
pastor chosen, and commenced his labors October 1, 1907. and is still serving
this congregation as pastor. During the thirteen years of the church's exist-
ence eight hundred and fifty-one persons have been added to the church roll.
There is now a membership of more than five hundred.
THE CHURCH AT BYESVHXE.
The First United Preshyterian church of Byesville was formed Septemher
7. 1904. The following were the charter members: Dr. W. T. Long, Mrs.
\Y. T. Long, Miss Gail Long, Mr. M. S. Guthrie, Mrs. M. S. Guthrie, Mrs.
Xettie A. Fulton, Mrs. J. S. McMunn, Miss D. Rata McMunn, Master J. I.
McMunn. Mr. J. L. Patterson, Mrs. J. L. Patterson, Mr. J. R. Duff, Mrs. J.
R. Duff, R. B. Henderson. Mr. C. J. White, Mrs. C. J. White.
The present membership is about forty-five. The pastors have been as
follows: Revs. J. S. McMunn, April to October, 1904; R. R. Caldwell, Janu-
ary 1, 1905, to August 1, 1906; A. P. Duncan, July 1, 1907. to June 30, 1910;
L. A. Kerr. August 7, 1910, and still the pastor.
A church edifice, located on West Main street. Byesville, was dedicated
on April 18. 1909, which cost five thousand dollars. It is a frame structure.
WASHINGTON.
The United Presbyterian church at Washington. Wills township, tin's
county, was organized in 1824 and none of the charter members are now liv-
ing. The present membership of this church is seventy-three. The following
pastors have served here: Revs. Samuel Findley, 1824-36; Alexander Miller.
1838-40; Hugh Forsythe, 1842-52; William Johnston, 1856-66; S. M. Hutch-
man, 1867-74: T. X. White, 1875-1904; E. G. McKibben, 1905, to present
time.
(n) ;
1 62 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
PLEASANT HILL.
Pleasant Hill United Presbyterian church was formed in Jefferson town-
ship, November 5, 1867, by the following persons: T. C. Kirkwood, Mrs.
Sydney , Mrs. Mary Maxwell and possibly others. The pastors
have been: Rev. Rufus Johnston, Rev. J. W. Martin, 1874-82; Rev. J. H.
Nash, 1883-1902; E. G. McKibben, who commenced his pastorate in 1905.
The present membership is one hundred and nine.
THE LEBANON CHURCH.
The Lebanon United Presbyterian church in Adams township was formed
April 24, 1824. David Proudfit was transferred from Laurel Hill, Pennsyl-
vania, to Crooked Creek, Muskingum county, Ohio, and Lebanon was made a
connection. He died June n, 1830.
In 1834 Reverend Welsh, a young man, came, and was installed April
22. 1835, over Crooked Creek and Lebanon. He lived only one year and in
1836 Rev. Benjamin 'Waddle, D. D., took charge. By 1838 Lebanon had
increased to seventy-three families and was organized as a separate charge
by electing William Proudfit, John Duff, Samuel McKnight and Robert
Wagstaff as ruling elders. In 1842 Doctor Waddle was released and in
1843 Rev- Samuel Wallace was installed and released in 1849. I" April,
1850, Rev. James Duncan, D. D., took charge and served until 1874, being
followed by Rev. R. C. Criswell in April, 1S78, serving until October, 1885.
Then came Rev. E. E. White in 1886, being released in 1894. In 1908
Rev. H. B. McElree took charge for one year. The present membership
is one hundred and ten. In 1905 a church was erected at a cost of three
thousand five hundred dollars. The present officers are: W. L. Simpson.
T. C. Cowden, Elmer Duff and James Stewart, ruling elders. The trustees
are Clark Trimble. Mathew Wells and Fred McCleary.
THE CHURCH AT FAIRVIEW.
The United Presbyterian church of Fairview was formed about 1823.
Among the pastors who have served this people may be recalled now : Revs.
Samuel Findley, D. D. ; Hugh Forsythe. 1842 to 1861 ; G. W. Goudy,
[862-66; S. M. Hutchison. 1868-74: I. N. White. D. D., 1875-1904: E. L.
Eagleson, 1905-08, and the pastorate has been vacant since that date.
The first church building was a stone structure at the cemetery south-
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. [63
west of Fairvieu. The second one was a large frame building west of the
village and the third in the village, a frame costing three thousand five hun-
dred dollars.
The present membership is seventy. For main years this was a strong
church, but by removals, the erection of ether churches and other causes
the society had dwindled to its present number.
There are other churches of this denomination in the county, but they
have failed to furnish data for a historical sketch. Among these may be
named the churches at Ml. Harmon. Nbrthfield, The Ridge, Salem. Clear
Fork, Londonderry and Sand Hill meeting places.
BAPTIST CHURCHES.
The First Baptist church of Cambridge was organized June 4, 1851,
by the following constituent members : David A. Meeks, Matilda Meeks,
Wyatt Hutchison. Mary Hutchison, Mordecai McPeek and wife, Nancy
Deets. Mary O'Haven. John S. Suitt, Helen Suitt, Philo Stoddart, Nancy
Stoddart, John 1!. Ambler. Sarah A. Ambler. Nancy Ambler, Jacob O'Haner,
Rebecca O'Haner, Lewis Ambler, Mary Ann Ambler, Batsheba Ambler.
Jane Ambler Waves, Margaret Jackson, Hannah Jane Sarchet, Clarissa
Alters, Levi Clark, A. S. Dennison, Mary Gillett, Julia Ann Sigman, Elder
James Murray, Isabel! Murray. Ellen Mcllyar, Sarah Laird Gudgeon, Al-
bright McPeek.
The following have served as pastors in this church : Revs. W. Mears.
June, 1851, to September, 1853; B. Y. Siegfried. 1853-59: C. H. Gunther.
1860-62; G. W. Churchill. 1867; Allen Darrow, 1875; Rev. Pendler; B. Y.
Siegfried, second term; L. B. Moore. 1887 to 1899; Fred A. Boyng-ton,
1899-1903; David S. Cannon, T904-09; Rolle E. Brown, 1910 and the
present pastor.
A frame church was erected in i860 at a cost of two thousand dol-
lars. Preparations are being made to erect a handsome church on the site
of the old one. on the corner of Steubenville avenue and Eighth street. The
present membership of this church is four hundred and twenty-five.
In the Cambridge Baptist Association are the following points : Adams-
ville. Beaver, Brushy Fork, Byesville. First and Second Cambridge churches.
Old Centre church. Clear Fork, Mt. Zion, Xewcomerstown. Otsego. Pleasant
View, Salem. Salt Fork, White Eyes Plains, Wills Creek.
The Second Baptist church of Cambridge was organized as a mission
Sunday school in January, 1897, under the auspices of the Young People's
164 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Union of the First Baptist church. The three persons most active in the
organization were Airs. J. M. Amos, Rev. L. B. Moore and Charles L.
McCollum. The school was organized in a little store room at No. 514
North Second street. February 18, 1899. a new church edifice, valued at
one thousand two hundred dollars, was dedicated free of debt. The building
was twenty-four by forty feet and erected on a lot between Second and
Third streets, on Woodworth avenue. The lot was given to the school by
Mrs. Lucy Broom. Two additions have been made to this building. The
present value of the property is three thousand dollars. October 24. 1902, the
West End. as it was called, became a branch of the First church of Cam-
bridge, with Rev. L. F. Taylor as assistant pastor. July 10, 1907, the branch
became an independent church organization. Thirty-three members from
the First Baptist church of Cambridge formed the new society. Rev. H. H.
Bawden organized the church and became its first pastor. Those who have
served as pastors since the Sunday school was organized are Revs. L. B.
Moore, F. C. Boughton, L. F. Taylor, D. E. Cannon. George Phillips,
Justin Nixon, H. H. Bawden and the present pastor, Rev. E. E. Barnhart.
The first deacon was B. F. Johnson. With the exception of sixteen months,
Charles L. McCollum has been the superintendent since the school was organ-
ized. The present membership of the church is ninety-five.
The charter members of this church were as follows : Rev. H. Ff.
Bawden and wife, Charles L. McCollum, Clarence C. Way, B. F. Johnson,
Carrie Johnson, Wilbur Johnson, Elsie Eaton. Willa Maple. Man' E. Hall,
Martha Freeman, Mrs. Jane Mitchell, W. A. Wilson, Mrs. Esther Wilson,
Mrs. Mabel Walters, Mrs. Nellie Gibson, Lester E. Mitchell, Mrs. Lucinda
Aiken, Mrs. Bertha Beany, Mrs. Anna Ogle, Mrs. Emma Shriver, Floyd
A. Lower. George F. Hodder. Augusta Hodder, H. J. Freas, H. J. Freas, Jr.,
Mrs. Jennie Wiltshire. Mrs. Julia Maple. Mrs. Ninnie Shatto, Mrs. Nora
Gallagher, Mrs. Myrtle Gallagher, Mrs. Luetta Willis, Mrs. Laura Sherrard.
Paul J. Williams. Mrs. Sarah Williams. Mrs. Mary Larrison. Cora Clark,
George M. Wilson, Mrs. Carrie Wilson.
THE MACEDONIA CHURCH.
The Macedonia Baptist church, of Cambridge, was formed in 1875,
by Revs. Mason and James and now enjoys a membership of sixty-one. The
charter members are : Rev. William Flowery and Missonia Flowery,
Henry Cavender. Martha Turner, Frank Clark. Maria Thomas. Martha
Buries, William T. Loggan, Neb Isaac, Eli Turner, Hannah Turner and
Lewi- Lacy.
GUERNSEV COUNTY, OHIO. 1 1 ■;
The pastors who have served here are: Revs. William Howery, Moses
Pickett, W. II. Beasley, II. B. Brown, — — Peevey, M. Allen. P. P. Hol-
land, I.. S. Holies and |. K. Green.
The Goshen Baptist church records show that in October, 1822, seven-
teen persons were organized into a Baptist church, by Elders William Reese
and W. K. McGowan. Elder Reese was chosen pastor. For two years
services were held at private houses, but in 1824 they erected a church
building on Flat run. which shows that this body of "baptized believers"
built the first church in the township. Reverend Reese remained ten years,
up to 1842. He received but little pay, but kept on laboring among- the poor
and lowly of the community in the name of the Master. Elder McGowan
was the second pastor. He remained four years. Elder J. Sperry came in
[836, remaining ten years, when Elder Brown served one year. In 1848
Elder Peter Ogan was called and served until 1852. He was converted under
the preaching of the first pastor. Reverend Reese.
In 1849 trns church sold its property in this township, and erected a
house of worship a short distance west in Rich Hill township, Muskingum
county, where they still hold fast to the "faith once delivered to the saints.*'
CUMBERLAND CHURCH.
The Cumberland Baptist church was formed April 5, 1865. by the fol-
lowing members : J. R. Knowlton, Sarah B. Knowlton, Edmond R. Muzzy,
Elizabeth Muzzy. John H. Daniel, Caroline F. Daniel, Thomas C. Downey,
Lucinda Muzzy, Mary A. Erskine, William B. McElroy, Mary J. Harper,
Mary A. Muzzy, Mrs. Lorinda Muzzy.
The first pastor was Rev. G. W. Churchill and at the end of four years
the membership had increased to fifty-two. By removals and deaths this
society went down, after having performed a good work.
BYESVILLE.
The First Baptist church of Byesville began its history in the summer
of 1891, when Rev. J. R. Campbell, of the old Cambridge Baptist church,
began preaching to a few faithful Baptists. After two months the services
were held in the old school building, having used the United Brethren church
1 66 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
for a few months. The present church was dedicated February 22, 1903,
Rev. G. E. Leonard officiating and raising the debt from the society. Au-
gust 9th the church separated itself from the old Cambridge church, freeing
itself from the relation of a mission church and was admitted into the Cam-
bridge Baptist Association August 24. 1905. Rev. W. H. Wilson, the first
pastor, was called to the work December 6, 1903. In 1907 the reports show
a membership of one hundred and seventy-five. For three or four years
this young church carried off the banner awarded to the churches in Ohio.
for strength and efficiency of systematic work, and two years for Christian
culture work. Its benevolences in 1907 Were five hundred and fifty dollars.
CHAPTER X.
ski kin sm'ii riF.s in- i ii i tin xtv.
The following- chapter treats upon the fraternal orders of Guernsey
county, anil especially on the three great societies known as the Masons, the
Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights of Pythias.
THE FIRST MASONIC LODGE.
Among the early settlers in Guernsey county there was a fraternal
feeling that is sadly lacking in some ways today. That this feeling might
he cultivated the more, as soon as there were enough Masons in the country
convenient to any one locality, they sought the organization of a lodge. The
first meeting in Guernsey county was held for this purpose at the house of
George R. Tingle, in Cambridge, June 22, 1S22, or as Masons count datings,
A. L. ^22. There were present, Zaccheus Beatty, Lloyd Talbott. Fran-
cis Dusconchett, Benjamin F. Bill, Andrew Metcalf, James M. Bell, George
H. Sinclair and William Taylor, all Masons of the Ancient York Rite.
Beatty, Talbott and Bell \vere appointed a committee to establish a lodge.
At the second meeting, held at the same place on July 1st, the committee
was authorized to borrow sixty dollars on the joint note of the persons named.
That sum, then comparatively large, was thought sufficient to pav the ex-
penses of procuring a dispensation and ultimately a charter. It was then
agreed that it should be called Guernsey Lodge, and J. M. Bell was chosen
for its master, A. Metcalf for senior warden, and B. F. Bill for junior war-
den. The other officers were appointed. The petition to the grand lodge
was signed by the persons before named, and John Connelly, Henry H.
Evans, Thomas Lenfesty, John Barton. Hans Weaver and John Dickson.
The sixty dollars to procure the charter was borrowed from Thomas W'itten.
The committee procured a large room upstairs in the court house for the
meeting of the lodge, and the north small room, as stipulated, "for such
purposes as they might desire."
Tuesday. August 20, 1822. A. L. 5822. Guernsey Lodge No. 66 was
opened. By-laws were adopted, and the fee for degrees was fixed at three
dollars. Robert B. Moore, of Frankfort, Guernsey countv. Ohio, was the
1 68 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
first man to be made a Mason in this county; William Slinner, the second;
William Clark, the third; Daniel D'Yarmett, the fourth, and Amrah Day.
the fifth. The first meetings were held under dispensation issued by John
Snow, grand master of Ohio, but after the next meeting of the grand lodge
a charter was received signed by John Snow, grand master, and Thomas
Corwin, deputy grand master. The old officers were re-elected, and the
lodge began work February i, 1823, by initiating William Findley. of Sen-
ecaville. A brick lodge room was erected on North Seventh street and was
long known as "the old Free-Masons Lodge."
Notwithstanding the anti-secret element that at an early day. in this
and many other states, sought to thwart the plans of Masonry, including the
church and clergy of different denominations, the order, after about ten
years, grew rapidly and has continued to grow and has now become popular.
Today there are strong Masonic lodges at Cambridge, Quaker City, Pleasant
City and Cumberland.
CAMBRIDGE LODGE NO. 66.
Cambridge Lodge No. 66, Free and Accepted Masons, was chartered
in 1822 and its charter members Were as follows: John Entz, W. Maynard,
John King, Mathew Gaston, I. Nisswander, Jeremiah Jefferson. D. K. Wise,
Z. C. Suitt, Wyatt Hutchison, Zadock Davis. These men are all deceased.
The past masters, of this lodge have been as follows: R. H. Sedgwick,
1849; Jonn Entz, 1850-51; John Mehaffey, 1852; Mathew Gaston, 1853-59,
1861-65-67; Charles L. Madison, i860; E. W. Mathews, Sr., 1862, 1874-
jz,; K. H. Van Rensselaer, 1863-64; Samuel J. McMahou, 1866; William
McK. Scott. 1868-70, 1872. 1879-81; John Meyer, 1871; J. P. McClelland,
1873: J. K. Brown, 1876-78: John S. Prouse. 1882-85: A. R. Murray, 1886;
William Hoyle, 1887-88; Louis Miller, 1889: Dr. J. C. Warne. 1890; S. M.
Burgess, 1801-92; J. L. Locke, 1893; W. T. Ramsey, 1894; O. M. Hoge,
[896; J. W. Borton. 1898; J. G Bair, 1899; J. F. Orr, 1900; W. S. Campbell.
1901; F. L Schick, 1902; Sumner Gary. 1903-04; R. I. Shultz. 1905; L. R.
Campbell, 1906; S. M. Hyde, 1907; Thomas Davis, 1908; James B. Peters,
1909.
Cambridge Lodge No. 66. in the summer of 1910, enjoyed a member-
ship of three hundred and eight, including non-resident members — one hun-
dred and ninety-two residents. The officers at this date are : J. W. Scott,
worshipful master: C. A. Barber, senior warden; J. A. Bell, junior warden;
S. M. Burgess, treasurer; T. C. Purkey, secretary; L. S. Reasoner, senior
GUERNSEY COUN n . OHIO. 1 1 " I
deacon ; C. II. Willis, junior deacon: J. S. Nichols, tylcr ; F. I'.. Amos and
W. J. Hood, stewards; Rev. F. A. Brown, chaplain.
CAMBRIDGE CHAPTER NO. 5.}. ROYAL ARCH MASONS.
This chapter was granted a charter in [853. The following composed
the charter membership: Kinsey Maxfield; Joshua Hunt. Isaac Parish,
Phineas Inskip, F. 11. Jennings, Mathew Gaston, William Morrison, John
Lawrence. S. B. McMillen, Thomas Maxfield.
The present membership of this chapter is one hundred and seventy-
eight. The past high priests have been: Mathew Gaston, 1853-60, [862-
63; K. II. Van Rensselear, 1861, 1864-65; E. W. Mathews, 1866, 1869-72;
1875-78; John Meyer. 1867-68, 1873-74. 1879-84: William Hoyle, 1885-89;
J. M. Amos, 1890; S. M. Burgess, [891 : J. C. Warne, 1892; J. L. Locke.
1893; O. M. HoSe. 1894; J. G. Bair, 1895; J. W. Borton, 1896; W. T. Lam
sey, 1897; F. L. Rosemond, 1898: A. B. Hall, 1899; J. A. Weyer. 1900; Louis
Miller. 1901-02-03; S. M. Hyde, 1904; A. F. Ritter, 1905; Charles S. Turn-
baugh, 1906; Maurice R. Potter, 1907: Robert Harris, 1908; Robert Shaw.
1909.
GUERNSEY COUNCIL NO. 74, ROYAL AND SELECT MASTERS.
Guernsey Council No. 74. Royal and Select Masters, was granted a
charter in 1891 and the charter memhers were: John M. Amos. J. G. Bair,
W. S. Campbell, J. L. Locke. Roger Kirkpatrick. S. M. Burgess, O. M. Hoge.
J. C. Warne, R. D. Williams.
The council now has a membership of about one hundred and fifteen.
The past thrice illustrious masters of this council have been: J. M. Amos.
1S01-92; A. L. Neeremer. 1893; Roger Kirkpatrick. 1894; Otto Thalheimer.
[895; S. M. Burgess, 1896: O. M. Hoge. 1897; W. T. Ramsey. [898; J. W.
Borton, [899, 1904-05 ; J. (',. Bair. 1900; John L. Locke. 1901 ; W. S. Camp-
hell. [902-03; J. M. Wood, [906; S. M. Hyde. [907; D. L. Rankin. 1908;
J. \\*. Scott. 1909.
CAMBRIDGE COMMANDERY NO. 47, KNIGHTS TEllPI.AR.
Cambridge Commandery was granted a charter in 1888. Its charter
members were as follows: W. S. Campbell. S. A. Lafferty, J. C. Webb,
R. W. Zahniser, C S. Carr, Thomas Padden, William Ouinn. A. C. Cochran,
Thomas Greenland, A. J. Hutchinson, S. F. Storer, George W. Miskimin.
M. R. Patterson. W. G. Van Buskirk.
I JO GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
This commandery now has a resident and non-resident membership of
one hundred and eighty. Its eminent commanders have been as follows:
A. C. Cochran, 1888; William Quinn, 1889; W. S. Campbell, 1890; J. C.
Webb. 1891"; J. S. Prouse, 1892: John L. Locke. 1893; S. M. Burgess, 1894;
( ). M. Hoge. 1895; Otto Thalheimer. 1896; A. F. Ritter, 1897; A. B. Hall,
[898; J. W. Borton, 1899; Wr. T. Ramsey. 1900: C. S. Turnbaugh, 1901-
2-3-4; J. O. Couplin, 1905; S. M. Hyde, 1906; M. R. Potter, 1907; J. M.
Wood, 1908; D. L. Rankin, 1909.
PRINCES OF JERUSALEM.
Cambridge Council of Princes of Jerusalem, Ancient Accepted Scot-
tish Rite Masons (sixteenth degree), was chartered May 14, 1857. The
first members were : C. L. Madison. A. J. Hutchison, Mathew Gaston, J. H.
Eaton. E. W. Mathews, K. H. Van Rensselaer.
Cambridge Grand Chapter, Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite Masons
(eighteenth degree), received its charter September 10, 1880. Its charter
members were: W. A. Campbell. A. J. Hutchison, John Meyer, William
M. Scott, A. C. Cochran. C. L. Madison, Asher Williams, K. H. Van Rens-
selaer, E. R. Van Rensselaer.
The total membership of this order is eighty -nine.
NOBLES OF THE MYSTIC SHRINE.
There are now twenty-two members of the Masonic fraternity who
belong to the Ancient Arabic Order of Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, holding
membership at either one or the other of these cities. Wheeling. Columbus,
Cleveland or Erie, Pennsylvania.
GUERNSEY CHAPTER NO. 211, ORDER OF THE EASTERN STAR.
The charter was granted to this chapter in 1905 and it now has a member-
ship of seventy-two. The past worthy matrons have been Mrs. Julia B. Haw-
thorne, Mrs. Dora I. Hartley, Mrs. Ida Carlisle. Mrs. Adrianna Barr. Past
worthy patrons : J. G. Stewart. C. R. Potter, J. W. Scott. R. C. Shaw.
CUMBERLAND LODGE NO. 1 34, FREE AND ACCEPTED MASONS.
Cumberland Lodge No. 134. Free and Accepted Masons, was chartered
in 1846. The charter members were: I. Y. Hopkins. William Stevens, J.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. IJI
Lyman Kurd, Peter K. McLaughlin, L. T. Ballou, Wilson Cosgrove, Wil-
liam Dolman.
The lodge now has a membership of ninety-seven. The present (1910)
officers are: W. S. Kingston, worshipful master; II. T. St. Clair, senior
warden: C. S. runner, junior warden; J. M. Hunter, secretary; W. X. Petty,
treasurer; G. E. Bell, senior deacon; R. W. Watson, junior deacon; E. F.
( ireen, tyler.
POINT PLEASANT LODGE NO. 360, FREE AND ACCEPTED MASONS.
This lodge was granted a charter October 17. 1866, and is now located
at Pleasant City and enjoys a membership (including non-residents) of
one hundred and twenty-one. Its past masters are as follows: Elihab
Metheny, 1866-67; Ephraim Metheny, 1868; Jacob Secrest, 1869-7 1-2-3-4-
5-0-7. [880-1-2; A. J. Heinlein, 1870: J. R. Kackley, 1878-79; W. J. Adair,
1883-4-5-6-7-8-9, 1892-3-4, 1900-2-4; J. W. Wilson. 1890-1; S. A. Bird,
1895-6-7-8-9; G. F. Trott, 1901; W. B. Secrest. 1903-6-7; G. N. Stewart,
1905 ; W. F. Trott. 1908.
The officers for 1910 are: George Gillespie, worshipful master: C. J.
Fackiner, senior warden; J. T. Flanagan, junior warden; H. W. Spaid,
secretary; John Bauer, treasurer: J. W. Wilson, senior deacon; Charles Cor-
bin, junior deacon; J. J. A. Secrest, tyler.
QUAKER CITY LODGE NO. 5OO, FREE AND ACCEPTED MASONS.
Quaker City Lodge was chartered in 1875 and its charter members were
these: T. D. Petty. J. A. McEwen, P. Lochary, S. P. Rogers. Alexander
Cochran. S. C. Gephart. C. T. Gibson. John B. Lydick, I. T. Rigel. John
Webster. G. H. Brown.
'I"he officers for 1910 are as follows: Fred J. Hall, worshipful master;
W. II. Tope, senior warden; W. P. Johnson, junior warden; Enoch Perego,
treasurer; T. P. Steele, secretary; Carl Deal, senior deacon; Ross D. Bundy,
junior deacon; W. W. Dowdell. tyler.
The present membership of this lodge is one hundred and six.
ACORN CHAPTER NO. 205. ORDER OF THE EASTERN STAR.
The charter was granted to the Eastern Star chapter at Byesville, Ohio,
in 1905 and the following constitutes its list of past worthy matrons and
I~2 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
past worthy patrons : Worthy matrons, Mrs. Martha Porter. Mrs. Lulu
Patton, Mrs. Mary Tuck, Rilla M. Gage, Jennie Barnes. Past worthy pa-
trons. E. D. Trott, Harry C. Porter, J. A. Hoopman.
The total membership is now forty-one.
CUMBERLAND CHAPTER NO. I IO, ORDER OF THE EASTERN STAR.
Cumberland Chapter Xo. no was chartered October 19, 1899. It now
has a membership of sixty-four. Its past worthy matrons have been Laura
McClelland, Mary McCortle, Lida McClelland, Margaret Waller, Louella
M. St. Clair, and the past worthy patrons have been Henry F. St. Clair,
Albert White, W. G. Nichols.
QUAKER CITY CHAPTER NO. IJJ, ORDER OF THE EASTERN STAR.
Quaker City Chapter No. 177 was chartered in recent years and now
has a membership of fifty-six.
PLEASANT CITY CHAPTER NO. 227, ORDER OF THE EASTERN STAR.
Pleasant City Chapter No. 227 was chartered in 1890 and now has a
membership of thirty-nine. The past worthy matrons are Minnie Secrest,
Lizzie Trott, Ida Secrest. Past worthy patrons are W. F. Trott and Jonas
Larrick.
THE MASONIC TEMPLE.
The Masonic Temple at Cambridge, this county, had its corner stone
dedicated, when laid, July 4, 1905. It is an imposing brick structure, cost-
ing, exclusive of grounds, twenty-three thousand dollars. Its location is
at No. 726 Wheeling avenue, where social rooms are kept open for visiting
members.
MASONIC CALENDAR.
It may be of interest to those who are not connected with this ancient
and honorable fraternity to know of its calendar and dates. Ancient-craft
Masons commence their era with the creation of the world, calling it Anno
Lncis, "in the year of light."
The Scottish Rite calculates same as the Ancient-craft, except that they
call it Anno Mundi. "in the year of the world."
GUERNSEV COUNTY, OHIO. 1 73
Royal Arch Masons date Erom the year the second temple was com-
menced by Zerubbabel, Anno [nventionis, "in the year of the discovery."
Royal and Select Masons date from the year in which the temple of
Solomon was completed. Anno Depositions, "in the year of the deposit."
Knights Templar commence their era with the organization of their
order. Anno Ordinis, "in the year of the order."
The Order of High Priesthood dates from the year id" the blessing of
Abraham by the Highpriest Melchizedek, Anno Benefacio, "in the year
of the blessing."
INDEPENDENT ORDER op odd FELLOWS.
Cambridge Lodge No. 301. Independent Order of Odd Fellows, was
organized or regularly instituted. Thursday, May 15. [856, by special Dep-
uty Grand Master Alexander E. Glenn in their lodge room, located in the
east half of the second story of the Wells block, owned by Samuel Wells,
and situated on the site now occupied by the Carnes block, on the southeast
corner of Wheeling avenue and Seventh street. The charter members were
R. F. Burt. Washington Maynard, R. 1'.. Graham, B. S. Herring and William
McKemion. The first officers installed were: Washington Maynard, noble
grand; R. F. Bnrt, vice-grand; Richard B. Graham, secretary; Benjamin
S. Herring, treasurer.
The lodge had a membership of one hundred and ninety-eight in 1905
and now has ahout two hundred and ten members. It meets in its own mag-
nificent hall on Wheeling avenue, which building was erected in 1896-97 and
is known as the Temple. It is a handsome structure with stone trimmings
and is fifty by one hundred feet in size. In this building the postoffice is
kepi at present under lease. The building and site cost twenty thousand dol-
lars and its furnishings are the best in Ohio. The present officers are: No-
ble grand, Clarence Murphy; vice-grand. J. W. Berry; recording secretary,
L. R. Campbell; financial secretary. W. R. Sprague ; treasurer, C. W. Forney;
trustees. W. B. Green. H. W. Luccock and M. Fordyce.
CAM BRIDGE ENCAMPMENT, PATRIARCHS MILITANT.
Cambridge Encampment No. 150 was instituted June 3. 1872. It had
a membership of ninety-seven in 1907 and is in a prosperous condition to-
day, fits present ( 1910) officers are: Chief patriarch, Fred A. Linn: senior
warden. S. F. Porter; junior warden. Harry Maffet; high priest, H. A.
Hammond : scribe. W. R. Sprague ; treasurer, T. \Y. Ogier.
1/4 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
The other encampment in Guernsey county is located at Pleasant City.
It was instituted November 15. 1892, and in 1907 had sixty-six members. It
is known as Foster Encampment No. 270.
The subordinate lodge at Pleasant City, known as Dyson Lodge, was
instituted in 1894 and bears the state number of 816. It now has a member-
ship of two hundred and meets in a leased Hall.
OTHER LODGES.
Anderson Lodge No. 366, at Quaker City, was instituted June 13. 1861,
and in 1907 had a membership of one hundred and forty-five.
Cumberland Lodge No. 200, of the Odd Fellows order, was instituted
June 2. 1852, with charter members as follows: B. Thomas, R. B. Graham.
Joseph Gamble, M. B. Casey. S. Rae and S. Agnew. The lodge meets in
its own hall. Its original officers were: B. Thomas, noble grand; M. B.
Casey, vice-grand; R. B. Graham, secretary: S. Rea, treasurer. The 1910
officers are: Noble grand, E. J. West ; vice-grand, S. V. Spinner; recording-
secretary, S. F. Moorhead ; financial secretary. George H. David ; treasurer,
J. M. Bracken.
Senecaville Lodge No. 663 was instituted June 11, 1877, and in 1907
had a membership of ninety-two and is now in good condition.
Byesville Lodge No. 765 was instituted .August 21, 1888, and in 1907
hid a membership of one hundred and fifty-five.
Lore City Lodge No. 878 was instituted July 29, 1904. and in 1907
enjoyed a membership of sixty.
Lodges of the Daughters of Rebekah are maintained at Pleasant City.
Cumberland. Lore City. Cambridge. Byesville. Quaker City.
KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS.
This modern organization has made rapid strides in this county and now
Ins lodges at various points as will be seen below.
Cambridge Lodge No. 53 was organized May 2j, 1873. by these gen-
tlemen : G. L. Arnold. T. C. Marsh, C. F. Hunter! W. H. H. Mcllyar, John
N. Trotte, R. E. Brown, John N. Fordyce, C. C. Mclllyar, George A. Houk.
C. J. Bonnell, D. P. Wooten, C. P. Simons, John M. Ogier, J. P. Mahaffy.
I). A. Criswell and others. These charter members are now all deceased,
except J. P. Mahaffy.
The lodge now has a membership of one hundred and fifty-six. The
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 1/5
present officers are: Chancellor, William Bramhall; prelate, Fred L. Sears;
master of work, Charles S. Rainey; keeper of records and seal, Fred W.
Arnold: master of finance, Charles Y. Graham; master of exchequer, Theo-
dore Doselm : master at arms, Frank S. Dollison; inner guard, J. O, Dun-
iver; outer guard, William C. Duff.
The lodge meets each Tuesday evening at the corner of Wheeling ave-
nue and South Seventh street, in I. B. Colley's business block, where, on the
third Hour, they have a well equipped hall and lodge rooms.
At one time the Uniform Rank degree was represented here by aboul
sixty-five members, but of late it has not been active.
Lodge No. 595, at Pleasant City, was formed in September, [892, and
now has a membership of about two hundred.
Golden Rod Temple No. [28, Rathbone Sisters, was instituted on Sep-
tember <>. 1898. The charter members were as follows: John Allison. J. II.
Buckingham, A. O. Duffey, Alice Duffey, Will Bramhall, Ed Cale, Charles
Duffey, \ddie Duffey, E. S. Gallup, James Jones, Will Reiser, Arthur Linn,
Thomas Pritchard, Frank Scott. E. J. Secrest, Hannah Allison, Anna Alli-
son Scott. Mrs. J. II. Buckingham, Mrs. Ed Cale, Cora Cornelius, Sadie
Duffey Boyd. Mrs. R. II. Dilley, Sadie Finley, Emma Greenwald, Mrs. A. J.
Hall, Mrs. J. Jones. Anna Linn, Maggie Linn, Ollie McElroy, June Nichol-
son, l.etitia Pritchard, Mary E. Linn, Lanra Stewart Austin, Mary Secrest,
Grace Sills, Elizabeth Thurlo, E. E. Coburn, Harry Claggett, W. S. Campbell.
R. II. Dilley, Linas Finley, A. J. Hall, James Lawrence, Charles Nicholson
W. G. Scott, S. C. Scott. J. C. Scott. A. O. Sills, C. H. Tingle. M. Thorla,
and George Warner.
The officers at the time of its institution were as follows: Past chief,
Hannah Allison: most excellent chief, Cora Cornelius: excellent senior, Alice
Duffey; excellent junior, June Nicholson; manager, Lutitia Pritchard: mis-
tress of records and correspondence, Anna Linn: mistress of finance, Laura
Austin: protector, Lizzie Hall; outer guard, Sadie Boyd.
The present officers of Golden Rod Temple are as follows: Past chief.
Clara Clagett ; -most excellent chief, Mamie Greenwald: excellent senior,
Essie Curby; excellent junior, Beulah Nichols; manager. Laura Jackson:
mistress of records and correspondence, Clara Linn: mistress of finance.
Delia Geary; protector, Sadie Finley; outer guard. Anna Smith: pianist,
Grace Sills; assistant pianist. Janey Remer.
I76 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Number of members at present: Knights, ninety-one; Sisters, seventy-
two ; total, one hundred and sixty-three.
QUAKER CITY LODGE NO. 3IO.
Quaker City Lodge No. 310, Knights of Pythias, was instituted October
19, 1888, with the following, members: C. E. Likes, R. H. Dilley, F. V.
Loventy. J. W. Hill, George Boyd, Albert Addison, T. H. Johnson, A. W.
Smoots, Alva B. Hall, W. W. Dowdell, F. H. Wendell, G. S. Hastings, John
H. Kelsey, R. R. Faulkner, J. H. Dollison, G. C. Dotson, Harry Wright,
Charles L. Johnson. Robert Boyd, Dent L. Lydick, Elmer E. Gibson, Wal-
ter C. Atkinson, Emmett Keenan, George W. Galligher.
The original officers were: A. B. Hall, chancellor commander; D. L.
Lydick, past chancellor ; R. H. Dilley, vice-chancellor ; J. W. Hill, prelate ;
R. R. Faulkner, master of exchequer; I. H. Kelsey, Robert Boyd, keepers
of records and seal.
The lodge has a membership of forty-nine. They meet in their own hall,
formerly the property of the Masons.
The present officers are as follows : William Wilcox, past chancellor ;
J. L. Geary, chancellor commander; C. E. Floyd, vice-chancellor; George
Boyd, prelate : J. W. Hill, master of work; C. A. Bowles, keeper of records
and seal ; W. L. Nace, master of finance; M. E. Hartley, master of exchequer;
William Wilcox, master at arms.
SENECA LODGE NO. */2J.
Seneca Lodge No. yij. Knights of Pythias, at Senecaville, Ohio, was
instituted June 25, 1902, by Pleasant City Lodge. The first members included
these, with officers: C. W. Steele, chancellor commander; A. W. Watson,
vice-chancellor ; J. T. Day, N. Lapage, J. W. Steele and C. A. Lapage. The
present officers are : C. W. Moorehead, chancellor commander; F. W. Secrest,
vice-chancellor. The present membership of this lodge is forty-five. They
meet in Odd Fellows hall. The keeper of records and seal is J. W. Daniel.
There is also a lodge at Byesville.
BENEVOLENT AND PROTECTIVE ORDER OF ELKS.
Cambridge Lodge No. 448, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks.
was instituted August 3, 1898, with thirty-seven charter members, as follows:
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. I 77
( ). M. 1 lover. James Joyce. C. B. Mcllyar, Charles T. Osier. A. \Y. Brown,
J. W. Burney, E. M. Hyatt. A. M. Sarchet. Otto Tholheumer, F. C. Rankin,
T. A. Bortwick. James A. Barr, YY. N. Bradford. Charles L. Casey. E. M.
Treat, Fred P. Mcllyar, Theodore Myers, \V. M. Sherrard, L. E. Carlisle..
A. Wentwood, J. P. Mahaffy, John 1'. Ryan. J. C. Robbins, W. P. Devore,
A. T. Jones. Charles A. Rech, A. P.. Clark. Fred K. Potter, J. F. Morton,
C. F. Hanime. Frank S. Casey. Alva I'.. Hall, John F. Stockdale, R. W.
Eahmier, Alike Cosgrove, T. W. Scott, W. P. Guild.
The first secretary was J. P. Mahaffy, who is still serving; the first
treasurer was F. C. Rankin.
This order meets in the Reck building, on Wheeling avenue. Twelve
of the Flks have died since the fraternity was first formed in Cambridge.
The present membership is over two hundred. The present (iqio) offi-
cers are: H. C. Shuyer. exalted ruler; S. J. McCulley. leading knight; Carl
M. Asher, loyal knight; T. W. Ogier, lecturing knight; J. P. Mahaffey, sec-
retary: A. M. Sarchet. treasurer: Esquire C. H. Gibson, tiler; R. H. Dilley,
chaplain; F. C. Rankin, innner guard; David Lucas, organist.
(12)
CHAPTER XI.
AGRICULTURAL INTERESTS SOCIETIES, ETC.
Agriculture lias in all ages been considered one of the most useful and
honorable callings permitted to be followed by the sons of men. Indeed, all
animal life, including the human race, must needs subsist on the products of
the soil, in one way or another. Then be it remembered, that "whoever
causes two blades of grass to grow where one grew before is a benefactor
to mankind." Some sections of the country are more suited to the tilling of
the soil than others, but that man must ever draw from the earth that upon
which he exists is well understood. Some countries are blessed with a deep,
rich soil, while many other portions are obliged to cultivate a soil more
barren and less fruitful. But on the other hand, some countries have no
other resource to subsist on. while others, like Guernsey county, strike in
a happy medium — a country where the soil produces most all the common
crops that are needed for man's food, and at the same time it possesses a
wealth of minerals in way of its vast coal fields, which yield a large return
to their fortunate owners. Guernsey, then, is well situated, having soil that
produces beautiful pastures, prolific fields of grain, fruits in abundance and,
at the same time, has her coal, clays and stone in almost endless quantities.
The once heavily timbered portions of this county have now been converted
into well tilled fields that yield forth their bounties annually to the thrifty
husbandman. The early pioneers settled here on account of the soil and
timber, for most of the pioneers were intending to cultivate the soil and
raise stock, and in this selection they were indeed wise. But they knew not of
the wealth stored away by the hand of the Creator in the bowels of the
earth — the rich coal deposits which now make manufacturing the chief in-
dustry.
The first settlers, it is true, had hardships not experienced by those who
settled on the great domain of western prairie lands, in the way of clearing
up a farm from out the dense forests found here in Guernsey county. But
these sturdy men were equal to the task, as the appearance of the country
now shows. After a few decades, the farmers here saw it to their advantage
to seed down land, to raise more stock, including sheep, in which the county
i.i ERNSE^ < OUNTYj OHIO. 179
is third in Ohio, and has been many years. Then the growing of fruits
has come to be of great profit. While it is not a first-class corn-producing
section, yet the annual crop of this cereal amounts to a considerable sum.
When compared to much of New England, this soil is indeed fertile, but when
measured by the alluvial soils of some parts of Ohio and the Mississippi
\alle\ of the wonderful productive West, it is short. Guernsey county may
be said to prosper by reason of its three leading features — agriculture, stock
raising and mining, including, of course, its manufacturing enterprises grow-
ing out of the cheap fuel found here.
Of the one branch of farming and stock raising, that of sheep, the
following is extracted from the reports away back in 1876:
The report of the state showed the following concerning the sheep and
wool industry in this and other counties. Guernsey being one of the large
sheep raising counties in the state. The large sheep counties are here named:
Licking county. 214.000; Harrison county, 170,000; Guernsey county. 136,-
000: Knox county, 134,000; Belmont county, 128,000; Muskingum county,
127,000; Coshocton county, 102,000. This gives Guernsey the third place
in rank of sheep counties in Ohio, as far back as the year 1876, thirty-four
years ago.
In 1885 there were under cultivation in this county 67,000 acres; in
pasture lands, 133,700; in woodland, 48,400; in waste lands, 1,134; in wheat
there was grown 68,318 bushels; oats, 206,490 bushels; corn, 671,961 bush-
els; tobacco, 231,000 pounds; wool, 686,000 pounds; gallons of sorghum.
32,000; number of sheep owned, 162,460; tons of coal mined, 433,800; the
school census showed for 1886, 9,690 of school age, and number of teachers
employed, 180.
The following appeared in the Jeffcrsoniaii in July, 1907, as touching
the subject now being written about:
"Guernsey county has always been famed for the great variety of her
products, as "well as the quantity of them, considering that it is more of a
manufacturing than an agricultural community. That the farmers are still
maintaining the reputation of the county may be gathered from the following
figures :
"While not as great a wheat country since the development of the West
as it once was. there were planted in wheat, in 1906, 11.929 acres and 180.-
838 bushels produced. And there will be planted in 1907. 11,068 acres. Of
rye, 135 acres were planted in 1006, and 1,651 bushels produced. Twenty-
six acres in buckwheat produced 303 bushels, and 6,311 acres in oats yield-
ing 146.758 bushels; 155 bushels of barley were reaped from 41 acres and
l8o GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
662,665 bushels of corn from 16,125 acres; 614 acres produced 62,970 bush-
els of potatoes; 348,840 acres of meadow land yielded 34,560 tons of hay,
and forty-three acres yielded 545 tons of clover hay.
"In the eastern townships 179 acres planted in tobacco produced 219,965
pounds of the weed; 168,193 gallons of milk were sold during 1906 for
family use. Home dairies produced 480,487 pounds of butter, and factories
16,650 pounds.
"That the hens have done their full duty in 1906 may be seen by the fact
that 596,066 dozen eggs were sold; 196,616 bushels of apples and 757 bushels
of pears were produced.
"In 1906 there were 30,465 acres of woodland, 132,877 acres used as
pasture, 74.772, acres under cultivation, and 2,715 lying waste."
"In the eighties, there were 25,000 sheep kept in Valley township, alone.
The wool industry has fallen off wonderfully since, however, for it is said
that in 19 10 there are not over fifteen hundred in the same township.
"In many parts of the southern portion of Guernsey county, in the days
after the Civil war, there was a large tonnage of tobacco raised, but as it
proved hard on the soil and was less profitable, it was almost entirely aban-
doned, save in a few localities, where some is still produced for home con-
sumption as smoking tobacco. It was once a great source of revenue to the
county."
GOOD FLEECES.
From the Times of June, 1854, the following is taken:
"Alexander Sproat, one of the good farmers of Wills township, sent
us the following weights of fleeces of wool shorn from some of his sheep
on the 29th ultimate : From a French Merino buck, ten and one-half pounds ;
from a Long Wooled half Saxony sheep, twelve pounds ; from a Spanish
buck, seven and one-half pounds; from a yearling Merino buck, nine pounds
and six ounces.
"Now, if there are any heavier fleeces than these in Guernsey, we
should be pleased to know it. Wool growers, let us hear from you. Beat
our friend Sproat, if you can."
AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES.
On the subject of agricultural societies, the author wrote in the Jeffer-
sonian in June, 1895, the following on the first county fair here :
The Guernsey County Agricultural Society was formed in 1846, with
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. l8l
Matthew Gaston, president: C. J. Albright, secretary, and Moses Sarchet,
treasurer. After its formation, it became a rule of the society to hold the
fairs alternately at Cambridge and Washington. The officers of the fair,
elected for the year, on the last day of the fair, were selected from the place
of holding the next fair. This alternating soon began to work a wrangle.
It was charged by the west side of the county that the east end did not give
Cambridge fairs a hearty support. It should he remembered that Washing-
ton was then a greater husiness place than Cambridge. Whether the charge
of unfairness was true or false, there was kept up a contention that had an
effect on the fairs, and as the old county-seat question, handed down from
the origin of the county, was not yet finally settled, the wrangle went on.
and it was Cambridge against Washington, and Washington against Cam-
bridge.
The feeling was further augmented at the fair of [853. A premium had
been offered for the best lady horseback rider; first premium, a gold watch,
thirty dollars; second, watch, twenty dollars; third, breastpin, ten dollars.
There were eight contestants: Miss Nancy Dunn and Miss R. Dunn, 'of
the east, near Washington; and Miss Melinda Cowen, Miss Sarah J. Mason,
and others, of the west, near Cambridge. The committee awarded first
premium to Nancy Dunn, second to Melinda Cowen, third to Miss R. Dunn.
This was not satisfactory to the west-end people, who claimed that Miss
Mason should have been awarded first premium, and they at once raised
a purse of thirty-five dollars to buy her a watch. This added fuel to the
flame. The next fair alternated, but at the close of the fair of 1856, held
in Cambridge, west-end officers were elected, and the breach was complete,
and the fairs ordered thereafter held in Cambridge. The officers were Noah
Hyatt, president ; the writer, secretary, and Stephen Potts, treasurer. As
a result of the split, an independent society was organized at Washington.
Cambridge -felt able to go it alone, having control of the county society and
its funds. In 1858 both fairs were located on the same days; there was
much rivalry, advertising of races, balloon ascensions, and like attractions.
The Cambridge balloon was a failure. The show at the fair was good, and
the beginning of the new enterprise was a partial success. Cambridge, now
having the Central Ohio railroad, was in much better shape to contend against
Washington, still a formidable rival, having the Guernsey Branch Bank
and other large capitalists engaged in the business of the town, and yet hoped
for the completion of the Calico railroad.
The political strife just before the war of 1861. another four years
of war. resulted disastrously to fairs, and Cambridge's association went
lS2 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
out at a loss to stockholders. The grounds were sold, and laid out as the
Mathews addition. Every attempt to keep up fairs and fair grounds at
Cambridge had been failures, though the village was advancing steadily
to the present city of the second class, fourth grade. On the other hand,
Washington has kept up a fair year after year, and now stands at the head
of the Guernsey County Agricultural Society, having become heir to the
defunct society that had its origin in Cambridge. "The best laid schemes
of mice and men gang aft agley."
In 1844, William McCracken sowed this lot in wheat, putting it in the
best of order. After it was sowed, he had it marked out into reaping lands,
eight feet wide, which was the custom in the days of the sickle. Thus each
reaper would have to gather in his full land. McCracken was a noted reaper,
and expected to lead the harvesters himself, as did the royal Boaz in the
days of Ruth and Naomi ; but the frost of May 30, 1845, played havoc with
the wheat crop, and there was little reaping done in any field that year.
As this is now the frost season, we give the dates of the three great
late frosts: May 17 and 18, 1833; May 29 and 30, 184s. and June 4 and
5- 1859.
FIRST PREMIUM LIST.
The first Guernsey county fair awarded the following premiums : Best
stallion, four-year- old, Timothy Bates, four dollars; second, Scott Emerson,
two dollars: best three-year-old. John Gibson, three dollars; best brood mare
and colt, Hugh Woodburn, two dollars; second, David Frazier, one dollar;
best pair matched horses, Ichabud Grummon, two dollars: best three-year-
old gelding, Gordon Lofland, two dollars: second, Boaz Lofland, one dol-
lar ; best filly, William McCracken. two dollars : second, David Sarchet, one
dollar: best bull, three-year-old. Richard Mackey, three dollars; second,
Moses Sarchet, two dollars: best milch cow. John D. Moore, three dollars;
second, Gordon Lofland. two dollars; best heifer, Gordon Lofland. two
dollars; second. I. Messer. one dollar; best fine wooled buck, Hugh Wilson,
three dollars; second, Gordon Lofland, two dollars; best boar, Gordon Lof-
land. two dollars: second. Moses Sarchet, one dollar: best brood sow, Gor-
don Lofland. two dollars; second, Marlin Oldham, one dollar; best crop of
wheat. John Mehaffy. being forty-two and two-thirds bushels on one acre
and thirty-four perches, two dollars: best crop of oats. Henry McCartney.
being fifty-seven and three-fourths bushels on one acre, two dollars; best
crop of c<>rn. John Wharton, one hundred and eleven bushels on one acre,
two dollars; second, Horatio Grummon, one hundred and six bushels on
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. [83
one acre, one dollar; best pair of bouts, John S. King, one dollar; best quilt,
Susan Lofland, one dollar; best butter, Mrs. Priaulx, one dollar; best apples,
David Sarchet, two dollars; Peter Sarchet, second best, one dollar; best
plowing, (irauimar Milner, two dollars; best set buggy harness, Alvin E.
Cook, two dollars; best buggy, James Davis, two dollars; best coverlet,
.Miss Grummon, fifty cents; lady's bracelets, Miss M. T. Connor, fifty cents;
best cabinet chairs, J. C. Hunter, Ohio cultivator; best linen diaper, Thomas
Ford, Ohio cultivator; William Raney, on two hogs, Ohio cultivator: Alex-
ander McCracken, on side of sole leather, Ohio cultivator.
The treasurer's report was as follows:
Receipts of members $ 71.00
Receipts from county 71.00
Total $142.00
Paid Premiums $72.50
Paid Printing 8.50
Paid for two blank books 1.25
Total $82.25
The officers elected for the ensuing years were as follows : President,
Matthew Gaston ; vice-president. Moses Sarchet ; secretary. C. J. Albright ;
treasurer, Alexander McCracken: managers. James Rhinehart, John Bey-
mer, Thomas W. Peacock, Ichabod Grummon and Henry McCartney.
The fair at Washington has kept pace with the passing of all these many
years and holds its annual exhibits. It has come to be looked upon with much
favor throughout the entire county and is well supported. The thirty-fourth
annual premium list, issued just prior to the fair held in 19 10. shows the
officers and directors to be representative men in various parts of the county;
the list is as follows: George A. McMillen, president: Jerry Smith, vice-
president; R. S. Frame, treasurer; R. C. McCreary, secretary. The directors.
with their home townships, are as follows : C. W. Carnes, Cambridge : Sam-
uel Oliver, Center; Jerry Smith. Jackson: S. L. Madden. Londonderry: J. C.
Stockdale. Madison: J. H. Mosier, Richland; George McMillen. Westland;
Aaron Patterson. Wills; Hayes Kimball, Washington; H. M. McCracken.
Jefferson ; J. W. Moore, honorary member.
Aside from stimulating the agricultural interests of this county, these
184 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
animal fairs are held to renew acquaintances and to promote friendship among
the country and town people. The last annual catalog remarks : "The board
and its officers are determined that the Guernsey county fair shall rank among
the best in the state, and besides the general list of prizes offered to bring out
the best of products, it is earnestly hoped that each citizen will feel an indi-
vidual interest in the success of the fair. Let us make gala days of the fair
dates that shall be remembered because of the pleasant features and the grand
social re-union of citizens from all over Guernsey county. The management
has planned a joyous home-coming to be held in Washington, during the week
of the coming fair season, and her sons and daughters will meet and -greet in
a joyful reunion.
"A new feature has been added and one that it is believed will meet with
favor. A beautiful flag will be given to the township sending the largest
dele°ation of school children to the fair on Fridav."
At Quaker City, in years long since passed, there was a good agricultural
society. The exhibits were fine. The last account the writer has of this was
an election of officers in the seventies.
At the 1908 county fair, at Washington, the state reports show that
one thousand nine hundred and eighty-five dollars was paid in premiums and
that the receipts at the gate amounted to one thousand three hundred and
thirty-seven dollars. The grounds, consisting of about twenty-eight acres,
was at that date valued at nine thousand dollars.
A PECULIAR SEASON.
The year ro, 10 was in many ways a peculiar season for farming and fruit
growing. In many parts of the country the frosts killed all the fruit blossoms
and made that crop short. Here in Guernsey, the fruit was a fairly good crop.
The strange thing about this season was the second growth of many kinds of
vegetation. Frost held off until the very last days of October and a small
skift of snow fell on the 28th of October, but none to speak of, as it was only
a light flurry that could not be counted by measurement. A second crop of
strawberries that were produced near Cambridge, were sold in the markets.
Strange appearing ears of corn were frequently produced; fruit trees bloomed
profusely, and. still stranger, George A. Gibson, on the Taylor farm near
Cambridge, reported a field of oats from which he harvested a good crop, that
in places subsequently produced a good second crop that, in the last week of
October, when frosts came, was all headed out and almost ripened into a sec-
ond yield — something never heard of here before.
CHAPTER XII.
RAILWAY, WATER NAVIGATION AND Till'. OLD PIKE ROAD.
Iii the opening up of every new country the matter of transportation,
the first highways over which freighting has to he carried on, and the develop-
ment of better and more rapid means of transporting freight and passengers,
requires much skill and plenty of good engineering, as well as careful financier-
ing. When the white race came to this goodly section of Ohio, there was
nothing, save an occasional Indian trail, to note where human feet had trod
before. The creeks anil rivers had wended their way to the far-off sea, unob-
structed by dams and bridges. Centuries had come and gone, and no change
was wrought, save by the inevitable wash and caving-in of the former ancient
channels. Mere, in Guernsey county, worse was the condition for getting
from one section of the country to another than it was in the boundless prairie
section of the country farther to the west, for here, it must be remembered,
timber abounded and obstructed the view. Also the numerous hills, amount-
ing almost to small mountains, hid from the view of the passer-by the valleys
and streams, until one suddenly came upon them in all their grandeur and
primitive beauty.
What is known as the "Zane's Trace" was the first attempt at cutting a
roadway through the forests of this section of the state. This has been
treated in another chapter, hence need not he referred to at length in this
connection.
After a few illy-constructed roads had been made by the pioneers, the
old Pike was constructed and it was a great blessing to the settlers hereabouts.
This was a national road and was completed to Zanesville in 1832 and it was
tinned over to the state of Ohio about that date, or possibly the year before.
"The coach stands rusting in the road.
The horse has sought the plow ;
We have spanned the world with iron rails.
The steam-electric king rules us now."
The Pike, or great National road, runs through the entire length of this
county from east to west, entering at Fairview, in the centre of the eastern
1 86 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
part of the county, and running west slightly to the south in its course to
Muskingum county. It is a splendid roadway, self draining and easily kept
in good repair. This is a part of the great road by some still called "Clay's
Pike."' because Henry Clay was mainly instrumental in having the government
undertake its construction. It begins at Cumberland, Maryland, and traverses
the country between there and Dayton, Ohio. The Guernsey county section
was built in 1827, and at once became a great thoroughfare for traveling,
driving and teaming, which caused the lands to advance in value and made a
ready market for all kinds of produce.
The author of this work published an article in the Cambridge Jcffcrson-
ian in February. 1902, concerning this highway, which will here be repro-
duced :
THE ZANE TRACE AND THE OLD WHEELING ROAD.
In 1795. Arthur St. Clair, governor of the Northwest territory, wrote
to the United States authorities at Philadelphia, "There's not a road in the
country." By an act of Congress of May, 1796, the President was authorized
to enter into a contract with Ebenezer Zane. of Wheeling, Virginia, to open a
mail route from the Ohio river at Wheeling to Limestone, in Kentucky,
which was perhaps the earliest internal improvement in the United States.
It was not until 1798 that the road was traced as far west as the site of
the present city of Cambridge. Jonathan Zane and John Mclntyre were in
charge and others of the party as far as now known were Thomas Nicholson,
Levi Williams and Lacldy Kelly. Here, on the site of Cambridge, they met
United States surveyors in camp on Wills creek. One of the party was
George Metcalf. The Zane Trace was nothing but a bridle path through the
forest. One historian says that "the travel wound around the stumps." But
it was several years before there were any stumps. The Zane party only cut
out saplings, and the first pioneers over it used pack-horses. It was in 1785
that Congress passed a law for the survey of the public lands west of the Ohio
river. This survey was in charge of Thomas Hutchins. This is known in
the Ohio land laws as the "Seven Ranges." This survey extended west as far
as the west lines of Londonderry, Oxford and Millwood townships. The
next survey west is known as the United States military land, of which Guern-
sey county is a part. These lands were subject to entry with United States
bounty land warrants, at first only in quarter townships of four thousand acres.
George Beymer entered with a land warrant, given to Capt. William Walton
for military services in 1803. two hundred acres of land, now in Centre town-
ship on the Zane trace, on which he built a double log cabin, and in 1806
GUERNSEY coiX'TV, OHIO. I 87
opened it as a tavern. This cabin tavern was situated on the cast side of the
Four-mile hill, and but a few rods north of the presenl National road, and
was the lirst tavern east of the crossing of Wills creek. It was the halfway
stopping place between Cambridge and Washington after these towns were
laid out. The grandfather of the writer, Tin .mas Sarchet, with his two
brothers, John and Peter, and Daniel Ferbrache, brother-in-law, with then-
families, camped near the Beymer cabin tavern. They had two three-horse
teams, and an extra team of two horses which they hired at Newellstown to
help mi account of the had road. The weather was exceedingly wet. and a
furious storm had swept through the forest, felling large trees in every direc-
tion, so that road making was the order, of the day. These were the first
moving wagons to arrive at Cambridge, late at night. August 14, 1806.
'fhe general history of Guernsey county published some years ago gives
Gen. Simon lieymer the credit of being the proprietor of the town of Wash-
ington, fait that is an error. "New Washington" was platted and laid out
hv George lieymer and his brother, Henry lieymer, September 26. 1S05, in
.Muskingum county, 'fhe plat was acknowledged before William Montgom-
ery, a justice of the peace of Muskingum county. Ohio, and is signed by Henry
Beymer with a cross, he being unable to sign his name. The lots are num-
bered east and west from the main cross street. Lots Xos. 1 and 2 are re-
served for a court house and jail. These lots are immediately east of the
Pingon Frame residence. Lot 48 was reserved for a church and school house,
and Lot 62, where there was a spring, was reserved for the public benefit with
free access to and from. Besides the main street, sixty-six feet wide, there
are two other streets, thirty-three feet wide, named St. George and St. Henry.
These are the three principal streets, diverging to the south and north from a
true east and west line. This makes New Washington older than Cambridge,
from September 26, 1805, to June 2, 1806, when Cambridge was platted.
George Beymer sold his cabin to Neil Gillespie and James Morrison, and
they sold to Jacob Endley in 1817. He built near the site of the cabins a large,
two-story brick house, which was one of the noted taverns on the old Wheel-
ing road under his management, and later, until after the National road was
made, under the management of Col. John Woodrow. William H. Endley,
son of Jacob Endley, inherited the farm. He was auditor of Guernsey county
in 1S74 for two terms of two years each. He tore down the old tavern, and
used the brick to build a residence farther up the road. He later sold to Lind-
sev L. Bonnell, whose heirs now own the land.
As von begin to ascend the ridge before coming to the Fairchild farm,
there are two or three stiff pinches of red limestone clay, underlaid with coal
l88 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
blossom and blue clay. There is for some distance a stretch of this kind of
road bed. In the days of the old road, here were the stalling places for the
heavily loaded teams and the stage wagons. So that it was said that the
wagoners often stayed two nights at the Endley tavern. They put in a day
going but little over two miles, and, leaving their wagons, would lead their
ponies back to the tavern, and the stage passengers would have to walk and
earn- a rail to use in prying out the stage. Today, in wet winters, there are
still bad places. Old John Oliver lived not far from the tough places in the
road. He had a "stillhouse" and perhaps the new corn juice helped to raise
the steam and to stimulate the wagoners, stage passengers and passengers.
The next place of note was the tavern of Robert Carnes. He bought
from Francis Williams, and in 1820 sold to Joseph Eaton. In the hands of
these men, it was the half-way house between the Endley tavern and Wash-
ington. Isaac McCollum bought the farm from Eaton in 1828, and the widow
of his son Isaac now resides on the old farm. A modern house now stands
there, but perhaps it is a part of the old Eaton tavern. The National road
was completed and piked out as far west as Zanesville in 1830. For a num-
ber of years after its completion it was difficult to keep the travel on it. Heavy
logs had to be laid on the sides to force the travel on the stones, so that the
great throng of travelers with unshod horses avoided it as much as possible.
Only the wagons and stage horses were shod. Here was a stretch of four
miles that was preferred to the pike. The McCollum stand was not a tavern,
but was a place where movers stayed, as were most of the houses and cabins
on the old road. In summer it is a much more pleasant drive than the pike,
which is a little over a mile south.
As you go up the run, then called Dudley's run, a short distance from
Jonathan Dickens' (colored) place, son of Jonah Dickens, was where old John
Chapman had his hut. Old John Dickens and old Ned Simpson were the
early colored settlers of that region, and in the palmy days of the Endley tav-
ern they were the hostlers and bootblacks, shining the travelers' boots at night,
making them glisten as their own countenances, just as when a darky's face
has been rubbed with a bacon rind.
From the toll gate west of Washington, the old road diverged to the
north, and was getting away from the direct west line of the National road.
As these two roads come together at the Four-mile hill, we cannot see any
good reason for the location of the National road on its present line of up
hill and down hill, with heavy cuts and fills, all of which might easily have
been avoided by following the line of the old road.
The present owners of the land lying on the old road, as given by the
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. [89
Centre township map of [902, arc I.. B. Bonnell's heirs, Jonathan Gibson,
Jane Oliver, .Mrs. Fairchild, A. E. Scott. John McCollum, [saac McCollum,
William Eagleson, John C. McCracken, John Griffith, and Doctor Wharton.
his place now owned by Mr. Mutton.
We struck the pike east of the toll gate and paid three cents to the old
Shaw brick tavern. As we passed on west of the gate, we found that we
could have avoided the toll by a cut-off used by many for thai purpose, hut
the writer and the pike being about the same age, the old love compelled him
at all times to take no mean advantage of his old friend. At the old Shaw
house, later owned by Thomas Hyde, and now owned by Doctor Gibbons,
whose brother is in charge of the farm, we received a good harvest dinner
from the good housewife, whom we found to he a very intelligent woman, and
a home-maker and keeper of a high order. We spent some time there with
her in general conversation. She seemed to be well up to the trend of things
going on, and showed us around her house, which was neat and trim, and
took great pleasure in showing us family pictures and souvenirs Which she has,
seeming anxious to learn whether we intended to write a history, as did also
the three Mrs. McCollums, at whose homes we tarried for a short time. To
all the same answer was given, that we were looking around to see and learn
what we could. From Gibbons' we took a byway through the McCollum
farms to the old road. Wre wanted to go over the old road on which we had
not been for fifty years, and connect the history of this link of four miles with
some others we have written.
THE OLD PIKE.
On December 31, 1832, Seth Adams, of Zanesville. superintendent of
the National road, which was then completed to Zanesville, shows in his re-
port the amount of travel for that year by the books of the toll gates to be,
men on horseback, 35.310; mules and horses driven, 16.750; sheep driven. 24,-
410; hogs driven, 52,845; cattle driven, 96.323; carriages with one horse,
14.907; carriages and Wagons with two horses. 11,613; wagons with three
horses. 2,357; with tour horses, 3,692: with five horses, 1.599; w'th six
horses, 1.329.
The toll gates were at that time but one in each county twenty miles
apart, so there could be but little intermediate travel counted in the report.
This will give some idea to the reader of today of the amount of traffic on the
road, and the number of taverns, which would average more than two to
everv mile between the Ohio river and Zanesville. In this the stage coaches
I9O GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
are not numbered, as the greater part of them were mail coaches, which passed
free over the road.
It was not until 1833 that toll gates were established on an average of
ten miles apart along the road. This great amount of travel increased yearly,
so that it was said that the road was lined with vehicles and horsemen, and
the number of pedestrians was proportionately as great. This great moving
tide were the home-seekers of the West.
The United States government never established toll gates on the road
in Ohio, and it was not until 1831, when the National road was transferred to
Ohio, that tolls were collected. The United States in the cession reserved
free toll for the government service of every kind, and also the right to take
back the road from the state at any time by paying to the state what it had
expended in keeping up the road, over and above the amount that had been
expended by the state. So that in this day of good road movements, electric
railroads and automobiles, the United States might yet step into control of the
old National highway.
Steam carriages and automobiles are not altogether new things under the
sun in Ohio. December 22, 1833, a memorial to the Senate of Ohio was pre-
sented from William Niel, Esq., of Columbus, asking permission of the Legis-
lature to run a line of steam carriages on the National road in this state. The
memorial was referred to a special committee of three. A bill was reported
January 15th to the Senate, and referred back to the committee for amend-
ment. January 21st the bill passed by a vote of eighteen yeas and seventeen
nays. The bill was reported to the House January 24th, and a motion for its
indefinite postponement was defeated. February 13th the bill was postponed
until the '"first Monday of December next." We leave it there.
The National road was not completed at that time to Columbus. Wil-
liam Neil was taking time by the forelock. He was one of the proprietors of
the Ohio Stage Company. In 1834 there were four daily stage lines on the
road, the Ohio Stage Company, the Citizens' Line, the People's Line, and the
Good Intent, and an every-other-day stage line from Cambridge to Cadiz and
Steubenville. over the Steubenville grade road.
FIRST FLAT OR KEEL BOAT ON WILLS CREEK.
The following appeared in the Cambridge Times of February 9, 1826:
"Thomas Sarchet, Sr.. is building a large flat or keel boat at the Guern-
sey Salines, on Wills creek, four miles north of Cambridge. This boat is
seventy feet long and eighteen feet wide, and a water depth of three feet.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. Kjl
Tt is boarde
id up the sides, an<l lias a roof covering forty feet in
length. In
tin's covere(
1 portion, which is eight feet high, arc wheat bins.
Jt will be
loaded with
wheat, flour and salt, the Hour and salt in barrels."
The paper of March 2d says: "Wills creek for the past week is in a line
state for navigation." The paper of April 9th says: "Thomas Sarchet's fast
sailing boat; the 'Eliza of Guernsey,' left the Guernsey Salines, under the
command of Capt. R. M. <i. Patterson, Thomas Sarchet, Sr., and sons, own-
ers and supercargoes."
This is a copy of the journal of the voyage down Wills creek:
"Started forty-five minutes past twelve M., April S. Monday; stopped
at Judge Leeper's to take on more cargo: Tuesday at eleven o'clock, got under
way at six A. M. ; stopped at Mr. Gibson's for refreshments, where we were
highly entertained, and took on more cargo, and at half past ten o'clock passed
the big drift safely, and at half past two o'clock passed the big bend safely, and
landed in good order; Wednesday at twelve o'clock, passed Wayne's mill and
lock, Marquand's mill and lock and Paber's mill and lock, and at five o'clock
P. M.. arrived at the mouth of Wills creek, all well and without an accident;
Thursday morning passed Lucas' bend, passed the brick house, the upper salt
.works, the second salt works, and arrived at Zanesville at ten o'clock P. M.,
all well and in high spirits.
"Now Mr. Beatty," (that was Cyrus P. Beatty, Thomas Sarchet's son-
in-law. then editor and proprietor of the Guernsey 'rimes) "please to insert in
your paper the above for the satisfaction of the friends of the Washington
removalists, that the enemies of Cambridge may be without excuse when
stating at Columbus, Ohio, and elsewhere that they never heard of anything
navigating Wills creek larger than a canoe, and that in the very highest stage
of water."
In the Legislature of 1825 and '26 the Hon. Thomas Hanna, representa-
tive of Guernsey county, then residing at Washington, introduced in the House
a hill for the removal of the county seat from Cambridge to Washington,
and in its introduction bail made the statement given above. The house laid
his bill on the table, by a vote of forty-five yeas to twenty-seven nays, and
his hill was never taken from the table.
And now we must make the statement that it was because of old Wills
creek, that is now giving the city of Cambridge so much trouble, that the
county seat was held at Cambridge, from 1819 to 1854. when the coming of
the central Ohio railroad to Cambridge settled the question for all time.
The Sarchet boat went down the Muskingum to the Ohio, and down it
to the falls at Louisville, where the cargo and boat were sold. Tt was built to
IQ2 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
prove that large boats could pass in safety down Wills creek, and for more
than thirty years, every year, boats passed out of Wills creek into Muskingum
river.
THE FIRST STEAMBOAT ON WILLS CREEK.
"Saturday, October 7, Sam Haines' steamboat, the 'Tickle Pitcher,' was
launched, above the cut under the National road bridge. Hundreds of peo-
ple, men, women and children, assembled to see the launching of the first
steamboat on Wills creek, and the last. After some little delay, the launch
was made at two o'clock P. M. The boat slid down the Ways into the creek,
and glided majestically down through the cut under the bridge, amid the
puff of the steam and blowing of the whistle, and cheers of the assembled
crowd." — Herald.
LEAVING THE COUNTY WITH A FLATBOAT.
Under the caption of "Sarchet's Reflections," published in 1898, the au-
thor said concerning Doctor Hunt's removal from Guernsey county in 1843 :
We have just received from our old friend and Guernsey Times typo, of
the long ago, Joshua Hunt, an address in pamphlet, of Hon. Samuel F. Hunt,
president of the Springfield Township Pioneer Association, at its fifth annual
reunion at Mt. Healthy, Ohio, September 3, 1898. The address is headed
with this quotation :
"We came into the land whither thou sentest us, and surely it floweth
with milk and honey. Num. 13 -.27. " This calls up some history, and we
will tell how this Hunt family went into the land.
The speaker, Hon. Samuel F. Hunt, is a son of Dr. Samuel Hunt, a
former resident in Cambridge, Ohio, and to distinguish the son from the
father he was called "Little Sammy." Doctor Hunt resided on the lot now
covered by the Richardson and Shairer block on West Wheeling avenue.
Doctor Hunt sold the residence and lot to Dr. Milton Green, and removed to
Morrow, Butler county, Ohio, in 1843. The manner of removal was to be
by flatboat, floating down Wills creek, the Muskingum and Ohio rivers to the
mouth of the little Miami, and up it to Morrow. The flatboat was built on
the creek bank above the National road bridge, and was in readiness, awaiting
a spring freshet to float out of Wills creek, but the spring was exceedingly
dry, and no looked-for spring flood came. Doctor Hunt decided to move the
flatboat overland to Zanesville, and begin his water voyage from there. A
low-wheeled log wagon, used at the old General Moore mill, was made ready,
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. KJ3
ami the flatboat was loaded on it and made secure It was rather a novel
sight tn see a flatboat float off on a wagon, and quite a large crowd gathered
to see it move off the National road. We think the moving force was George
1). Gallup, with a six-horse team. At Zanesville it was launched on the blue
Muskingum. The family and the household goods were placed on hoard, and
the voyage began. It took thirty and more days to reach Morrow. There-
was this advantage in that way of moving — they were always at home, yet
going forward. When rounded to and tied up at shore for the night, they had
traveled a day's journey from home, yet had home with them. They enjoyed
a pleasant journey, enjoying the beautiful scenery that lined on either side the
hills of the rivers and the passing of the hundreds of steamboats that plied on
the Ohio river. It is not over one hundred and twenty miles from Cambridge
to Morrow, and today six hours will cover the time of the journey by railroad.
These water voyages were common in early days. Old Jonathan Bye, a
relative of the Hunt family, removed from Byesville, of which he was the
founder, by boat, to Sterling, Illinois.
AN EARLY RIVER VENTURE.
This amusing letter appeared in the columns of the Cambridge Times
April 7, 1838:
"Sometime last spring, an old veteran chairmaker, residing at Cambridge,
Guernsey county, Ohio, finding himself somewhat embarrassed, and money not
being easily obtained, concluded to make a venture in the far West. He
therefore built a small keel-boat, loaded it with lumber for making chairs and
bedsteads. About the first of July, he, with much difficulty, made his way
down the crooked windings of Wills creek, thence down the waters of the
Muskingum to the mouth. There he lost his passengers, as the steamboats
had better accommodations. He then floated down the Ohio, as far as Mt.
Vernon, Indiana. He there spent the summer in making and vending his
work ; but finding sales dull, he contracted with two gentlemen to take his boat
and a quantity of furniture up the Illinois as far as Peoria. Here he sold his
boat and cargo, but in consequence of the ice, he was detained longer than he
expected. What was his surprise when he again arrived at Mt. Vernon to
hear that convulsions were taking place in and about Cambridge, like the dis-
charge of surplus steam when a boat lands at the wharf and has no further
use for it than to frighten horses and disturb the neighborhood! He would
have had less reason to censure had it been confined to those interested, but
those that had nothing else to do spread the news high and low, far and wide
(13)
194 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
— the chairmaker had undoubtedly absconded — until it became honestly be-
lieved by the judicious part of the community. The old veteran concluding it
would be better to use medicine, fearing that some lungs might be injured,
did, at great trouble and expense, obtain a small quantity of Benton's mint
drops, with which he is willing to accommodate all those who have genuine
drafts. As for those who have none, they must take their pains for their
trouble. He would embrace this opportunity to inform his old customers
that he has returned, and is ready to wait on all calls in his line.
"Old Chairmaker.
"April 7, 1838."
It should be stated that navigation on the waters of Wills creek, or any
other stream in Guernsey county, never amounted to a great deal, but did
play some part at an early day in getting in and out of the count}'. The stream
was never of sufficient volume to warrant the improvement talked of at one
time. The canal on the north and the building of railroads, a little later,
caused the water route to entirely be lost, sight of. The no-current canal and
the almost as stationary volume of water in the creek were long years ago too
slow a means fur the progressive people of this county. There are times, al-
most any year, when steamboats could ply the waters of Wills creek, as it has
had many wonderful floods and has been found many fathoms out of its
crooked channel, submerging a wide valley with water of considerable depth,
but this, of course, only lasts a few hours or days, at longest.
THE RAILROAD ERA.
Coming down to the railroad era in Guernsey county, it may be stated
that the first railroad constructed into the county was the old Central Ohio
(now the property of the Baltimore & Ohio Company) in 1852. The first
shovelful of dirt thrown on this grade, on the south hillside, at Cambridge,
was August 1 2th, of that year, and it was thrown by the venerable C. L. Madi-
son. The tunnel was begun October 23d, the same year. The Cambridge tele-
graph office was opened February 3, 1853. The inventor. Professor Morse,
was raised up, as if by Providence, to discover the magnetic telegraph just in
time to be of good service in the operation of railroad trains, which were also
quite a new thing at that time.
The advent of the iron horse ushered in a new and better era into this
county, and gave new avenues by which the farmer and stock man could mar-
ket, at more profitable prices, the products of the farm. The county then, for
the first time, came in real commercial touch with the great outside world.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 1<)5
Millwood, Richland. Center, Cambridge, Adams and Westland, with its main
line, while it runs through portions of Richland, Valley and Spencer, with a
branch from Lore City to Cumberland. Beginning on the cast side of the
county, the .station points of most importance arc Quaker City, Saleville, Lore
City, Cambridge and Cassel Station, on the main line. On the Cumberland
branch the stations worthy of note are Lore City, Scnecaville. Hartford and
Cumberland. The only tunnel on this mad in the county is near Cambridge
on the Baltimore & Ohio road.
The arrival of the first regular passenger train over the road now known
as the Baltimore & Ohio, from Columbus, was on April 27, 1854. It con-
sisted of six coaches and it was welcomed right royally. The march from the
station to the public square was a long, enthusiastic one. was under marshal-
ship of Loll lordon I. of land and an address was made by Hon. Nathan Evans.
Military companies from Columbus and Zanesville were present.
What is now known as the Pennsylvania railroad enters the county from
the north, in Wheeling township, follows the windings of the chief stream of
the county (Wills creek) on down through Liberty, Cambridge, Jackson and
Valley townships, leaving the county near Pleasant City, with stations of im-
portance at Pleasant City, then north through Derwent, Byesville, Cambridge,
Tyncr. Kimbolton, Birds Run and Guernsey and so on out of this into Tuscara-
was county. The objective points of this division of the great Pennsylvania
system are Marietta, at the south, and Cleveland, at the north.
When originally constructed in about 1880, this was the property of the
( Cleveland & Marietta company and was headed by General Warner, through
whose energy and untiring zeal the road was built at a time when it taxed
every thought and capacity of good business men. It opened up an excellent
coal field and gave a competing freight rate out and into the county. Its ad-
vent was hailed with supreme delight by all classes of citizens, as a north and
south route through the county was fully as great in importance as the main
line of the Baltimore & Ohio from east to west. It was built through the
best valley section of the county, but necessarily over a very rough, uneven
country, where much expense was necessary, the grades somewhat heavy and
curves sharp. A tunnel of many hundred feet through solid rock and coal
strata between Kimbolton and Guernsey had to be constructed at an expense
of almost, if not fully, a million dollars. The waters of Wills creek at times
flooded the tracks and this caused other expense and delay. General Warner
fought on. but all to no purpose, for there came a time when he had to suc-
cumb to the inevitable. The road was sold and passed into the hands of the
I96 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
present corporation, the Pennsylvania company, who rebuilt and re-equipped
the same and it is now a first-class steam highway, doing an excellent business.
The coal fields in and near Byesville and Pleasant City were greatly developed
and this has made untold wealth to the possessors of the mineral lands, as well
as afforded the company the transportation of endless tons of coal.
In the eighties, while the road was still under the ownership of the old
Cleveland & Marietta, the tunnel at Guernsey and Kimbolton caught fire, and
the immense coal deposit through which a section of the tunnel was made
ignited and continued to burn for more than two years, causing a total loss of
the tunnel and the laying of another track a distance of eight miles around a
horseshoe bend, going eight miles around in order to gain two miles in its true
course. This, with endless litigations, caused the company to go into the
hands of a receiver and finally it was transferred to the Pennsylvania com-
pany. Several of the heaviest stockholders lived in Guernsey county and
when the company paid out only about forty cents on a dollar, it broke these
local men up financially. It now has thirty-three miles of roadway in the
county and is a great thoroughfare, especially for freighting coal from the
mines, the road running through the mining section from south to north.
The Baltimore & Ohio was bonded for in this county to the extent of
one hundred thousand dollars. So it will be seen that the common carrier
system of today has cost the taxpayers of the past generation much money.
Yet no one now desires the old system of transportation. At this date the
Baltimore & Ohio road has sixteen miles on its Cumberland division and
twenty-nine miles on its "Central Ohio" division, with sidings amounting to
eighteen miles within Guernsey county.
What is generally styled the Narrow Gauge road, is the Ohio River &
Western railroad, which cuts off only a corner of the county, where it runs
from the southwest into Cumberland, having three miles of track within
Guernsey county. It is still of the narrow gauge type of railroad. It was
built about 1880 to Cumberland.
CHAPTER XIII.
BAH OF GUERNSEY COUNTY.
Wherever commerce and true civilization is found, there one will find
representatives of the legal profession and courts of justice.. Most of the
laws of today are based on the principle of justice and equal rights to all citi-
zens, he they native or foreign-bom and adopted into our national citizenship.
If all men were truly informed as to the law of the country in which they re-
side and transact business, and then possessed an honest, law-abiding spirit,
such as is marked out by the Bible picture id" the millennium dawn, there would
he little use for lawyers and courts, but as we have not nearly reached that per-
fected state, hence the rights of one person must be met and justice forced upon
another. This requires lawyers w^ell versed in their profession. The legal
profession is one of profound principles and it is for this to point out and en-
force the rights of one class of citizens as against other men and classes.
While the world has no need of the dishonest lawyer, it has great need of the
truly honorable attorney, who seeks ever to make peace, rather than encourage
litigation among the people of his community. What is needed is the great
type of legal advocates found in the Gladstones of England; the Websters.
Everetts, Choates, Marshall, the Lincolns and Douglases of our own America
and also those of more recent careers, who seek to make plain the fundamental
law of our republic and our international relations with all foreign powers.
We need, at this date, more of the great minds in law found in former years in
a Hamilton, a Jefferson and our earlier supreme judges.
While there still lurks in the minds of the laity the notion that the legal
profession is mostly made up of trickery, technicality and trouble-makers, the
fact still remains that through them peace and order and good government
obtains in this and all countries. The day has long since passed when this
profession is looked upon as one of dishonor, but rather as one from which
emanates our best and truest type of citizenship and statesmen.
It is regretted by the publisher that a more complete record of the first
attorneys in Guernsey county is not available at present, for a chain of inter-
esting sketches which might otherwise appear.
I98 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
THE FIRST COLORED JURY.
( Times of July, 1871.)
"The case of the State of Ohio versus Robert Wright (colored), for
shooting with intent to kill William Lucas (colored) at Fairview last spring,
is now on trial in this court before a special colored jury. The following is
the panel, selected by agreement of counsel and on the order of the court, in
the manner prescribed by law :
"Jordon Early, Isaac Moss, William Wooten, Simon Turner, Chas. R.
Green. Cornelius Turner, Ransom Bennett, Amos Page, Joseph Early, Lewis
Jackson, Enos Brady, John Singer, Jeremiah Hargrave, Charles Williams,
James Berry and Amos Kimmey.
"We believe this is the second colored jury empaneled in the United
States and the first in the state of Ohio; and it is the first time a colored man
was ever called to sit upon a jury in this county. This unusual occurrence is a
theme of much conversation and interest. Colonel Barnes appears for the
state, and William Borton and J. D. Taylor, Esq., for the defendant. The
court room was crowded at the opening of the trial. About thirty witnesses
are subpoenaed."
DEATH SENTENCES.
The first death sentence in Guernsey count)- was in 1844, when Judge
Kennon sentenced George Weeks to be hanged for the murder of Edward
Woods. Later he was sentenced to a term in the state prison, where he
finally died.
The next to be sentenced was in 1869, when Thomas D. Carr was tried
and convicted for the killing of Louisa C. Fox. his girl lover who refused to
marry him. He was hung Friday. August 20, 1869. He confessed at last to
the crime and also it was learned that he had in all killed fifteen persons, at
one time or another in his life.
FIRST GRAND JURY IN GUERNSEY COUNTY.
(From the Jeffersonian, 1878.)
We recently published an account of the first term of Court held in
Guernsey county. The first grand jury was empaneled and the first criminal
business was transacted at the second term, which began on Monday, August
27, 1810, and adjourned on the Tuesday following. The names of the first
grand jurors are as follows : Z. A. Beatty, foreman ; John Hanna, Lloyd Tal-
GUERNSEY rul'XTY. OHIO. 1 99
bott, Thomas Cooke, John McClennahan, Andrew Marshall, Wyatt Hutch-
ison, John Beham, George J. Jackson, John Moffatt, Isaac Grummond, W.
Talbert, Stewart Speer, George Metcalf and !■'.. Dyson. The grand jury at
the present term of court returned twenty-five true hills of indictment against
thirty-six persons. The first grand jury of this county returned three true
hills — two for retailing liquor without license and one for retailing merchan-
dise without license. Proceedings under the latter indictment were stopped
by the defendant coming into court and exhibiting his license. One of the
men charged with retailing liquor without a license pleaded guilty and was
fined six cents and costs. The other pleaded not guilty and his case was con-
tinued. ( )n the affidavit of George Metcalf, one of the grand jurors, an in-
dictment was issued for Peter Wirick, Sr., returnable at the December term,
for not answering questions asked him when before the grand jury. The
court ordered that the prosecuting attorney be allowed ten dollars for his
services at the first term of court, and twenty-live dollars at each term there-
after. Idie prison bounds were fixed by an order of the court. They in-
cluded all that part of Cambridge between Spruce and Mulberry streets.
The following were serving as justices of the peace in the townships noted
in Guernsey county in iqio: T. M. Johnson, Millwood; G. C. Lanning, Mon-
roe; T. V. Foster, Monroe; J. \Y. Bryant, Oxford; W. H. Brown, Oxford;
N. T. Oliver. Richland; S. D. Floyd, Richland; W. H. Moore, Spencer; J.
Purkey. Spencer; L. B. Hollenbeck. Valley; C. S. McDonald. Valley; J. II.
Oxlev, Washington; John D. Reid, Washington : Earnest Kirk. Westland ;
Harry Sawyer, Westland; W. R. Crater, Wheeling; Henry Wilson, Wheeling;
William Black, Wills; Theudas T. Jones, Cambridge: R. W. Lindsey, Cam-
bridge; S. P. Weisenstein, Center; E. M. Nelson, Center; A. S. T. Johnston,
Jackson; J. B. Shafer, Jackson; William F. Wishart, Jefferson; James Mc-
Kahan, Jefferson; J. H. Howell. Knox; J. F. Martin. Knox; H. J. Beaten-
head. Liberty; S. L. Madden. Londonderry; John Morton. Londonderry;
John T. Wyrick, Madison; A. C. St. Clair, Madison: J. B. Hartley. Millwood;
F. W. St. Clair. Millwood.
EARLY LAWYERS.
Among the early lawyers who practiced at the Guernse) county bar were
Samuel Culbertson and Gen. C. B. Goddard. They were able lawyers, and
traveled from county to county on horseback, with their books and papers in
saddle-bags. Many anecdotes are told of these two. mostly opposing counsels
in the cases thev engaged in. Samuel Culbertson was tall, bony and wiry,
20O GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
and quick to make a point against his opponent. They were the opposing
counsel in a case where one party had sued another for befouling a well in
the construction of a dam, rendering the water impure. General Goddard.
in his speech to the jury, exhibited a glass of the water, and spoke of its pur-
ity and clearness, and making the point that such clear, sparkling water
( shaking the glass ) could not be impure, and seemed to be carrying the jury
with him. Culbertson, when he arose to reply, picked up the glass, and re-
minded the jury of what Goddard had said, placed the glass on the table
before Goddard, and holding up a silver dollar, said, "Gentlemen of the jury,
I'll give General Goddard this dollar if he will drink that glass of pure
water." Culbertson knew that General Goddard was too dignified to accept
such an offer, and his refusal had its effect on the jury, and he won the case
for his client. This occurred later than the Chandlersville hoax, and was a
game of hocus pocus between two lawyers. General Goddard was a man of
great dignity and pride of character, in his profession, and made it a point
only to do business in his office. A deputy sheriff of Muskingum county,
having a writ of execution to serve, met General Goddard, who was the
prosecuting lawyer in the case, on the street, and said to him, "What shall I
do if some one else claims the property?" He replied, "I don't do business
in the street." A day or two afterwards the General met the deputy sheriff
at the postoffice, and asked the result of his business. The deputy said,
"You will have to call at the sheriff's office; I don't do business in the post-
office." Goddard called at the sheriff's office, and was told what was done.
I well remember of seeing the tall, commanding figures of Henry Stanbury
and "Wilson Shannon, who were occasional practitioners at the Cambridge
bar, three score years ago; of Chauncey Dewey, of Cadiz; the Hon. Edwin
AT. Stanton, the great war secretary, who began his practice in partnership
with Dewey, and also Hon. Benjamin Tappan. He was cross-eyed, and
called "Old Gimblet Eyes." It was said of Judge Tappan that he was en-
gaged in the trial of a case in the early days, when there were a "thousand
judges on the bench, one and three naughts." Judge Hallock was the pre-
siding judge. One of the associate judges lived three miles in the country,
and was in the habit of coming in on court days on horseback with his saddle-
bags, his dinner in one bag, and oats for the horse in the other. After the
noon recess, Judge Tappan was to begin his argument to the jury. Tappan
arose, addressed the court, and began. Judge Hallock interrupted him, say-
ing. "Brother Tappan, there is no quorum ; you will wait for Brother ."
Tappan replied. "Are his saddle-bags under the bench?" "Yes," "Then I
will go on with my plea; they will do just as well."
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 201
By the Guernsey Times of 1826-48 one learns the names of many of
the legal practitioners of those early days. Among them were \Y. \Y. Tracey,
whose card frequently appears in the Times from 1826 on, and who was
later a justice of the peace and a prominent editor of the Tillies beginning
with December. [834, and Isaac I'arrish, later a member of the noted firm of
Parrish & Gaston, attorneys and counsellors at law. Among noted lawyers
of the county may be mentioned :
1838 — Cowen & Longlev, Washington.
1843— Rnshlield & Hunter (J. M. Bushfield and William Hunter).
Cambridge.
1843 — Ferguson & Grimes, Cambridge.
1846 — T. W. Tipton, Cambridge.
1844 — Kennon & White. Cambridge.
1845 — Evans & Rainey, Fairview.
1845 — Cowen & Grimes (B. S. Cowen and J. J. Grimes), Cambridge.
1846 — Davis Green, Cambridge.
183] — John D. Tingle, Cambridge.
1847 — Samuel Bell, Cambridge.
1847 — Evans & Scott (Nathan Evans and Erastus H. Scott), Cam-
bridge.
[853 — J. M. Bushfield and W. R. Buchanan. Cambridge.
1853 — H. Skinner, Cambridge.
1850 — Thomas W. Peacock, Cambridge.
1850 — T. W. Campbell, Cambridge.
1856 — L. W. Borton. Cambridge.
1856 — F. Creighton and J. O. Grimes, Cambridge.
[856— J. W. White. Cambridge.
1856 — Gaston and W. R. Wagstaff, Cambridge.
1856 — Evans and Haynes, Cambridge.
1857 — J. H. Collins. Cambridge,
1857 — Casey & Atherton. Cambridge.
1857 — V. and J. Haynes. Cambridge and Zanesville.
ANOTHER LIST OF ATTORXF.VS.
The following is an additional list of lawyers who have practiced before
the Guernsey county bar at different times:
202 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Samuel Herrick, Cambridge, and all of the following at Cambridge:
Alexander Harper, Isaac Parish, William W. Tracey, Zaccheus Beatty,
Thomas W. Peacock, Nathan Evans, Ezra Evans, John Ferguson, Jacob J.
Grimes, John Morton, Cyrus Linn, Anthony Tennis (of Birmingham), Robert
Titneck, William B. Abbott, Mathew Gaston; Joseph Johnston, Fairview;
James Rheinhart, Fairview; Samuel Armstrong, Fairview; Joseph Ferrel.
Washington; John B. Longley, Washington; James Reinhart, Senecaville;
Erastus Scott, Cumberland; James Casey, Cumberland; Francis Creighton,
and the following, all of Cambridge: James O. Grimes, Vincent Haines,
William Wall, George W. Phillips.
PRESENT COURT OFFICERS.
The present (1910) officials of the Guernsey county court are as follows :
Hon. William H. Johnson, presiding judge, Zanesville, Ohio; Hon. A. A.
Frazier, judge, Zanesville, Ohio; Hon. J. M. McGinnis, judge, Caldwell,
Ohio; Charles S. Sheppard, prosecuting attorney; H. K. Moore, sheriff;
John S. Berry, deputy sheriff (after January, 1911); Elza D. Trott, clerk;
Clara Linn, deputy clerk, and Orrin B. Booth, stenographer.
PRESENT MEMBERS OF THE GUERNSEY COUNTY BAR.
Bell, James W., Cambridge; Barber, N. H., Cambridge; Brown, W. H.,
Fairview; Bonnell, T. A., Cambridge; Carnes, S. C, Cambridge; Carpenter,
W. A.. Freeport; Campbell, J. W., Cambridge; Collins, W. C, Cambridge;
Deselm. T. R.. Cambridge; Dugan, G D., Cambridge; Douglas, J. L.,
Quaker City; Enos, B. F., Cambridge; Eagleson, Freeman T., Cambridge;
Eagleton. William, Craig; Ferguson, J. B., Cambridge; Flood, A. B., Byes-
ville; Garber, L. S., Pleasant City; Gregg. Watson H., Cambridge; Haw-
thorne, Edmund, Cambridge: Joyce, James, Cambridge; Johnson, S. M., Fair-
view; Luccock, H. W., Cambridge; McCulloch, A. R., Cambridge; Mathews,
E. W., Cambridge; Mathews, E. W., Jr., Cambridge; Mackey, J. H., Cam-
bridge; Purkey, Joseph, Cumberland; Rosemond, Fred L., Cambridge; Scott,
Robert T., Cambridge; Smallwood, J. W., Cambridge; Stewart, W. W.. Cam-
bridge; Stevens, A. L., Cambridge; Sheppard, Charles, Cambridge; Stubbs,
I. E., Quaker City; Turnbaugh. C. S.. Cambridge; Troette. J. A., Cambridge;
Turner, John P., Cambridge; Turner. Milton. Jr.. Cambridge: Wells, O. V.,
Cambridge; Weyer, Clara L., Cambridge; Webster, Edson C, Quaker City.
CHAPTER XIV
iy new country, the family
doctor is as neces-
responsibility rests on him-
- -the diseases coin-
1 speedy attention and the li
ves of men, women
sary as any other man. I
cidenl to the pioneer peri(
and children are often in the good physician's hands. In health and vigor
all persons revolt at the sight of the medicine ease and the surgeon's knife,
and sometimes they say many hard things against the medical practitioner,
yet when the fevered brow and quickened pulse is felt, when all life looks
dark with gloom and doubt scattered in thick clouds before us. it is then that
the family doctor, even in the days of "saddle-bags," was a welcome caller
in the sick chamber, for he it was who generally understood how to place the
sick one in possession of health and strength again. The disciples of Galen
have ever been closely allied with the first settlers of a count}-. They have
braved the storms of mid-winter and the heat of mid-summer; they have gone
on foot and on horseback, crossing angry streams, by the light of day and
through the darkness of the night, often against pelting storms, in order
to reach the suffering sick in need of their ministrations.
It should be said that with the passing of the last half century, medical
science has made a wonderful advance. Methods have been changed and a
real revolution wrought — especially in surgery. The great colleges and uni-
versities have educated a vast army of competent physicians and surgeons
who have progressed to a point where diseases once thought incurable have
come to be looked upon as simple in treatment. The per cent, of cases lost
now is very small compared to the days when Guernsey county was first set-
tled. Every county owes much to the good, faithful physician, who often
goes unpaid for his services, but never refuses to administer to the needs
of those in distress, even among the poor and unfortunate who are entirely
unable to pay.
Coming down to the early days of Guernsey county, let it be remarked
that the pioneer doctor was as capable as others of his day and generation
in Ohio. It is to be regretted that no more complete record of the lives of
these faithful doctors can be given than is possible to here narrate.
204 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
PIONEER DOCTORS.
The following paper was prepared by Dr. Clark A. Moore, of Cam-
bridge, at the time of the city's centennial — or jubilee — celebration in 1906:
"This is our centennial, — our jubilee year, — completing as it does the
first century of our city's existence. It has been, in spite of the financial de-
pressions and social disorders, the most noted century of the world's history
in the advancement made in medical science. Investigation and discovery,
in regard to the nature, causes and prevention of disease, has given the pro-
fession such a mastery over the ills that afflict mankind that the average
years of human life have been largely increased. The use of disinfectants
and anesthetics has made possible and comparatively safe surgical opera-
tions that would have been, even fifty years ago, impossible and not to be
attempted. Nevertheless, after all of these discoveries and improvements
which add so greatly to the happiness and comfort as well as safety of the
community, and render the practice of the profession so much more certain
and successful, yet these old doctors who practiced when Cambridge was
young are worthy of all honor. They contended with difficulties of which
those of the present time can have little conception. They spent their days
and often their nights in the saddle, traversing roads scarcely passable,
through the unbroken wilderness and over bridgeless streams, to minister to
the humane wants of mankind whenever and wherever needed, and thus
opened up the way to the more certain, successful and easier practice of today.
The names of these old doctors would grace the pages of history of Cam-
bridge— indeed such a history would be incomplete without them. They had
the respect, love and confidence of their patrons and when the old doctor died
the people mourned. .
"Among the earliest of these away back in the twenties, when Cambridge
was not much of a town, were three Frenchman. Dr. Francis Donchonchett.
La Rive and Bill. In 1824 Robert Thompson gave this notice to the public :
'Dr. R. Thompson gives this notice to the public from Crooked creek, Mus-
kingum county, that he may be found at his residence, one mile east of Proud-
fit's meeting-house. He will attend to all calls in the line of his profession.'
He was one of the first physicians along the old Wheeling road from Beumers-
town to Proudfit's meeting-house, near New Concord. His brother, Dr. John
B. Thompson, resided in Cambridge and was the defendant in the first mal-
practice suit in Guernsey county. This action was for failure to reset a
broken ankle; it was tried in the courts of this county and then taken to the
supreme court of the state, where Doctor Thompson won the case. Another
i.i ERNSE'V COUN rv, OHIO. 205
was the eccentric Dr. John Kell. who practiced among the Irish in the early
history of Cambridge; he claimed to be a graduate in surgery of t he Royal
Society of Dublin.
"Another announcement, in [824, was that of Dr. Thomas Miller, which
reads thus: 'Dr. Thomas Miller, M. 1).. offers his services to the citizens of
Cambridge and vicinity. Shop in the brick house lately occupied by Mrs.
Talbot' [John 1!. Thompson's].
"Dr. [gnatius (V Fan-ill located in Cambridge in [831. Drs. S. P. limit
and J. G. F. Holston, father of Doctor Holston, of Zanesville, were located in
Cambridge in 1830. Following these came Drs. Milton Green. J. P. Tingle,
Vincent Haynes, Daniel Ferbache, and S. B. Clark, whom 1 remember as
being my father's family physician when 1 was a child. Later in the history
of Cambridge came Drs. Milton Hoge, J. C. Taylor, G. L. Arnold, J. W.
McCall, and Dr. Andrew Wall, a man whom I esteemed greatly, having twice
been his pupil in the public schools in my youth, ami later in his office as a
medical student. His name was a household word in the homes of Guernsey
county.
"This brings us down to the present-day physicians. They are all hand-
some gentlemen and good doctors, and are too well known to the people of
Cambridge and vicinity to require special mention. This imperfect resume
shows what magnificent progress has been made in the past hundred years.
I thank God it has been my lot to live at the close of the nineteenth century.
It is the golden age of the world. There has been nothing like it in history.
When our labors close we can depart in peace for our eyes have seen the
glory of the coming of the Lord."
The following shows the style of early doctors in advertising:
"DOCTOR CLARK
respectfully offers to the citizens of Cambridge and country a continuance of
his professional services. lie may he found after night at the residence of
Mr. William McCracken, north of the court house. Office, next door to the
former office of Miller & Clark.
"March 24. 1841." — Guernsey Times. 1S41.
"The undersigned respectfully requests those owing him for medical
services or otherwise to liquidate either the whole or a part of their indebt-
206 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
edness, as it is actually necessary that he should have money to pay his own
as well as the dehts of several other persons which he has unfortunately be-
come liable for. A few dollars from each person who has received his ser-
vices, will enable him to meet the demands against him.
"X. B. — The undersigned returns his thanks to his numerous friends
fur the liberal patronage he has received since he has resided in Cambridge,
and informs them and the public generally that he shall continue to practice
the different branches of his profession.
"Milton Green.
"Cambridge, September 6, 1845."
— Guernsey Times, Oct. 11, 1845.
That there is nothing new under the sun is fitly shown by the curious-
advertisements of the early doctors. They widely exploited the efficacy of
certain medicines or "healers" for the cure or relief of every imaginable ail-
ment. It was considered that electricity had virtue in the treatment of a wide
variety of diseases, as is testified by the following advertisement, appearing
in the Guernsey Times for June 29, 1854.
"TO THE AFFLICTED.
"Doctor Barnes, Electropathic Physician and Surgeon, has taken rooms
in the residence of Mrs. Abell. where, for a short time, he proposes to treat
persons afflicted with Diseased Eyes, Deafness, Fits, Insanity, Spinal Affec-
tions, Paralysis. Rheumatism, Dyspepsia, Liver Complaint. Palpitation of the
Heart, Female Diseases, etc., exclusively by electricity. Those affected with
any of the above named diseases would do well to call soon at his rooms, and
inquire into his mode of treatment."
Of Dr. Andrew Wall, who died in 1898, then the oldest physician in the
county, the Times in April of that year said, in speaking of his funeral :
"Dr. Andrew Wall, the veteran physician of Cambridge, whose goings up
and down the town and country on errands of healing has been the expected
for over forty years, passed into the borderland last Sabbath morning. April
17. [898. He was stricken about three weeks before and seemed aware that
his disease was unto death, that the art of healing was powerless to relieve
the worn-out body, and that his labors for afflicted humanity were finished.
He was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, in 1829. and came to this
state with his parents. He was educated at Muskingum College. Ann Arbor
University, and the Ohio Medical College in Cincinnati. He was married to
lilKKX'SKY IOIXTY
207
Miss Bridget Call in [855 and came to Cambridge the same year. Five
children were born to them, and all survive with the exception of a son, who
died in infancy. The mother of the family died in the summer of [884.
The children are Cory L. Wall, the accomplished pharmacist, Miss Lizzie, a
teacher in our schools, Mrs. Ross E. Moore and Miss Sallie. In recent years
Doctor Wall married Mrs. Jennie Meredith, who survives him. Dr. David
Wall, of Indianapolis, and Mrs. Dr. M. Hawes, of Claysville, are the only
remaining members of the Doctor's immediate family. During the war Doc-
tor Wall went to the front as surgeon of the Seventy-seventh Ohio Volun-
teer Infantry and served to the end of the war. He was division surgeon
of the Baltimore & Ohio railroad, and chief surgeon for the Columbus &
Marietta road. The funeral took place from his late residence on West
Eighth street, and was largely attended. The Masonic order, of which he
was a member, held impressive services at the grave .Monday afternoon.
"The familiar form of the old family physician, whose presence at the bed-
side of many of the homes in our city and county brought cheer and hope, has
vanished from our midst. Who can estimate the self-sacrifice, the labor and
weariness that over four decades of medical practice may mean. The night
as well as the day finds him always ready and equipped for the hasty sum-
mons to relieve the distressed and afflicted, with no tarrying for favorable
weather conditions. All others wait for fair weather and good roads, hut the
doctor is generally supposed to wear a coat of mail that is alike impervious
to the attacks of weather and disease. A busy life is ended. The city paused
to pay tribute in attending the last sad rites, and fellow teachers extended their
sympathy to the sorrowing daughter by the dismissal of their schools. The
grave is closed over him; he sleeps upon the hillside, but many remembrances
of his services will linger in the homes of Cambridge."
Dr. Andrew Wall came to this count}- in 1845. "ben sixteen years of
age. He attended the medical department of the University of Michigan, at
Ann Arbor, where he laid the foundation for his future medical and surgical
skill. He completed his studies under the tutorship of that most excellent
Cambridge physician. Dr. Vincent Haynes, and with him first engaged in
actual practice. In 1862 he took the degree of Doctor of Medicine at the
Ohio Medical College at Cincinnati, and then enlisted as assistant surgeon in
the Seventy-seventh Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and one year later
was promoted to surgeon, which position he held until r866. The next year
he formed a partnership in medicine with Dr. William Clark, continuing until
[868. With the passing of the years Doctor Wall devoted many years to
the practice of his chosen profession and became very skillful. It is believed
2o8 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
that Doctor Wall was the most eminent physician who ever practiced medi-
cine and surgery in Guernsey county — so stated by old present-day doctors
who knew of his life's work.
Another member of the medical fraternity in this county, but who did not
long continue in practice, was Dr. Charles Perry Simons, eldest son of John
White and Hester Ann Simons. He was born at Zanesville in 1842. The
father was engaged in the iron foundry business, both in Zanesville and
Cambridge, until he died in 1871. After his death the large business interests
were carried on by his sons. Doctor Simons came with his parents to Cam-
bridge in 1855 and was educated for a physician at the University of Mich-
igan, but had only partly completed his studies when the Civil war broke out.
He had also taken a course at the Ohio Medical College in Cincinnati, from
which he graduated in 1863. In the spring of 1862 he was interrupted by the
war cry and became an assistant surgeon. He was able, apt and quick to
act. He was said to have been the youngest assistant surgeon in the United
States army when he entered the Union ranks. He was later made acting
surgeon for the Fourteenth Army Corps. He was with General Sherman on
that famous "March to the Sea," and when mustered out was tendered a
good position in the regular army at Washington, but declined.
His father's death in 1871 changed his life plans somewhat and he had
much to do with conducting the foundry business in company with his elder
brothers. His practice thus interfered with, he finally became a specialist as a
surgeon and treated eye and ear diseases. He was quite a politician and ran
for state senator on the Republican ticket, and was defeated, but cut down
the Democratic majority largely. He had congressional ambitions and doubt-
less would have been the candidate had the district not been changed at that
date.
Dr. Samuel Hunt, father of Hon. Samuel Hunt, lived on the lot of
recent years occupied by Richardson & Shairer's block, West Wheeling ave-
nue. He sold his place to Dr. Milton Green and moved to Morrow, Butler
county, Ohio, in 1843. The interesting account of his removal by flat-boat
down the waters of Wills creek, Muskingum river to the mouth of the Little
Miami and so on to Morrow, is given elsewhere in this book.
Dr. William K. Bolan, who practiced at Cumberland since 1879. was a
graduate of Columbus Medical College. His ancestors were from Virginia,
and the son was born in Loudoun county, that state. November 5. 1S57.
He began teaching school when sixteen years old, and began to study medi-
cine in his eighteenth year, in Columbus, graduating in 1879, and moving
to Cumberland began what proved to be a successful practice of medicine.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 20()
Among- the most prominent physicians within Guernsey county was Dr.
Noah Hill, of Senecaville. He was born in Westmoreland county, Pennsyl-
vania, in 1809 and died in Senecaville, Ohio, in 1894. He came of good old
Revolutionary stock, of German ancestry, which went back further into
France and were among the Huguenots. The Doctor graduated from the Cin-
cinnati Medical College in 1833. lie came to Senecaville and formed a part-
nership with Doctor Baldwin, who died in 1844. Up to 1862 Doctor Hill
practiced alone, but then his son was admitted to practice with his father.
The young Hill was named John. Later the father was with Dr. W. Scott
until 1887, after which the good Doctor did but little except an office prac-
tice. He was a noted politician and his views on the slavery question caused
him to leave the Methodist church and join the Wesleyan church. He was
first a Whig, then later a Free-soiler and last a Republican. He cast one of
the first three Abolition votes in Guernsey county, and assisted many a slave
in getting over the "underground railway" north into Canada and to freedom.
Dr. Harry W. Holmes began the practice of medicine in Cumberland in
the spring of 1883, being a graduate from Columbus Medical College. He
descended from an old English family who settled in Virginia. Harry \Y.
was born in Newport, Sauk county, Wisconsin, in 1855. His youth was
passed in Cumberland, Ohio. He clerked in his father's store and began the
study of medicine in 1877 with Dr. Charles Draper. He graduated from
the Baltimore Medical College in 1883. He became a bright Mason and fre-
quently contributed to medical journals. Politically he was a Republican.
Dr. Jonathan A. Kackley has been a leading physician at old Point Pleas-
ant (Pleasant City) since 1882, when he graduated from Columbus Medical
College and had attended Michigan University, giving him a double course in
medicine. He was born in 1857 in what was Buffalo township, this county,
and from his earliest days desired to become a physician and has succeeded
well in his chosen role, as physician and surgeon.
Dr. Thomas J. Miller, of Kimbolton, this county, was four years en-
gaged in merchandising there and served as mayor of the village, lie was
born in Antrim, this county, in 1849, tne son °f David L. Miller and wife.
He followed school teaching for a time after be reached manhood. Taking
up the study of medicine in the seventies, he graduated from the Columbus
Medical College in 1878, and first located in Kansas, where he practiced until
1886. when he entered the Cincinnati Medical College, taking a full course
there, and then went to Topeka, Kansas, but on account of illness returned
to this county and practiced in Cambridge for a number of years. He was
(14)
2IO GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
again incapacitated on account of sickness and retired from medicine and
engaged in business in company with W. C. McConaughey.
Dr. Winfield Scott, who has been so well known as the family physician
at the village of Senecaville for many years, was born in 1848 on his father's
farm. He graduated from the Normal University at Lebanon, Ohio, taking
a practical English and scientific course, ending it in 1872, gaining a Bache-
lor of Arts degree. He then taught school three years and took up medi-
cine by entering the office of Doctor Wall of Cambridge. He spent a year
at Ann Arbor. Michigan, and one year at the Cincinnati Medical College,
graduating from that school in 1877. He then located at Point Pleasant, this
county, going to Senecaville in 1879, where he had for a partner Dr. Noah
Hill. Later he practiced alone.
Dr. Charles R. Austin, one of Byesville's practicing physicians, has come
to be one of the busiest citizens of the town. As early as 1907 he was a mem-
ber of the board of education; secretary of the Artificial Stone Company;
postmaster of Byesville; an active member of the improvement committee,
of the Merchants and Professional Men's Club; a member of the Knights of
Pythias lodge, the Elks Club of Cambridge and alive to all the interests of his
home town.
EARLY GUERNSEY COUNTY PHYSICIANS.
By careful research in old files and from the memory of pioneer doctors,
the following list has been compiled of the doctors who practiced here in the
long ago years. The dates opposite the name indicate that they were in
practice, at least at that date :
1826 — Dr. A. C. Thompson, Cambridge.
1837 — Dr. J. C. McCollough, Claysville and Cambridge.
1837— Dr. S. P. Hunt. Cambridge.
1837— Dr. T. Nichol. Washington.
1 84 1 — Dr. Thomas Miller. Cambridge.
1837 — Dr. Cope, Middletown, formerly Cadiz (botanical).
1840 — Dr. Milton Green, Antrim, later Cambridge; he became one of
the leading doctors of the county.
1841 — Dr. James Green, Cambridge.
1841— Dr. S. B. Clark, Cambridge.
1838— Dr. J. McFarland, Washington.
1833 — Dr. William Bradshaw. Fairview.
1835 — Dr. J. G. F. Holston, Cambridge, became house physician to tbe
White House for President Lincoln's family.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 211
1839— Dr. John P. Tingle, Cambridge.
1833 — Dr. Enos Thomas, Washington.
1832 — Dr. John B. Thompson, Cambridge.
1832 — Dr. I. O'Farrall, Cambridge.
1832 — Dr. J. G. Moore, Cambridge.
1833 — Dr. Andrew Patterson, Washington.
1825 — Dr. C. A. Harris, Cambridge.
1 84 7— Dr. J. T. Clark, Cambridge.
[853— Dr. M. K. Wright, Millwood.
1853 — Vincent Haynes, Cambridge. He finally practiced law and died
at Cambridge.
1853 — Drs. McConnell and Bell, Middletown.
1853— Dr. W. S. Bell, Middletown.
[854 — Dr. R. S. Barr, Cambridge.
1856 — Dr. Andrew Wall, Cambridge — see sketch.
1857 — Dr. Milton Hoge, Cambridge, where he died.
1857 — Dr. J. Dunbar, Cambridge, now a corporation lawyer at Steuben-
ville, Ohio.
Very early — Dr. J. Baldridge, Senecaville, a noted doctor and Aboli-
tionist connected with "underground railway."
Very early — Dr. Ferguson, Senecaville.
Before the war of the Rebellion and later, was Dr. Charles P. Simons,
now of Caldwell, Ohio, practicing.
Dr. William E. Bolan.
Dr. Noah Hill, Senecaville.
Dr. John Hill, Senecaville.
Dr. Winfield Scott, died in 1909.
Dr. Crumbaker, died in Antrim.
Dr. Alpin, Claysville, an old time doctor.
Dr. Ilawes. Claysville, died about 1904; had been an army surgeon in
Civil war.
Dr. Chapman. Washington.
Dr. Ray, Washington.
Dr. Draper. Cumberland. He was a fine horseman and proud man.
Dr. Teeters, Pleasant City, a noted doctor of his day.
Dr. Connor, Cumberland.
Dr. Bel ford. Pleasant City.
Dr. George Tingle, Pleasant City.
Dr. Forbes. Bvesville.
212 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Dr. Milton Shafer, Senecaville.
Dr. Vincent Ferguson, Pleasant City.
Dr. Romans, Quaker City.
Dr. Brashear, Lore City, still living.
Dr. Day, old-time doctor at Birmingham, deceased.
Dr. W. M. George, Cambridge, died in 1904.
Dr. Chapman, Hopewell, died 1910.
Dr. Speers, a year or so at Cambridge and moved away.
EARLIEST PHYSICIANS.
Perhaps none of the above came before the following: Away back in
the twenties, came Dr. Francis Donchonchett, Dr: La Rive and Doctor Bill, all
three Frenchmen. These were probably about the pioneer doctors to locate
here. Possibly a few may have practiced before the above named, but no one
seems now to recall such.
PRESENT-DAY PHYSICIANS.
In 1910 the physicians of the county in active practice are as follows:
In Cambridge—A. R. Cain, W. N. Bradford, W. B. Young, R. H.
Cramer, H. L. Wells, N. M. Dewees, L. C. Wells, C. A. Frame, E. E. Vorhies,
F. Harrison, H. W. Sims, A. B. Headley, T. H. Rowles, George W. Hixon,
L. M. Ross, C. R. Johnson, I. W. Keenan, F. W. Lane, W. G. Lane, O. F.
Lowry, F. M. Mitchell, C. A. Moore, H. H. Price, W. T. Ramsey, A. G.
Ringer, C. D. Romans.
W. B. Rosmond, Millinersville; B. A. Sauders, Winterset; Dr. E. E.
Bird, Lore City; Dr. H. W. Arndt, Lore City; Dr. C. Bates, Senecaville; Dr.
R. H. Cleary, Senecaville; Dr. J. E. Robins, Buffalo (Hartford) ; Dr. O. S.
Bay, Quaker City; Dr. S. G. Bay, Quaker City; Dr. G. W. Jones, Quaker
City; Dr. J. B. Hollingworth, Quaker City; Dr. J. W. White, Salesville; Dr.
D. L. Cowden, Kimbolton; Dr. William Lawyer, Kimbolton; Dr. Charles R.
Austin, Byesville; Dr. A. E. Fletcher, Byesville; Dr. J. E. Patton, Byes-
ville ; Doctor Sprague, Byesville ; Dr. George C. Taylor, Claysville ; Dr. E. L.
Lowthian, "Dogtown" (Mines) ; Dr. W. K. Bolon, Cumberland; Dr. H. W.
Holmes, Cumberland ; Dr. A. E. Walters, Cumberland ; Dr. H. H. Bown,
Pleasant City; Dr. J. A. Kackley, Pleasant City; Dr. D. F. Wallenfetz, Pleas-
ant City; Dr. W. W. Lawrence, Antrim; Dr. G. M. Witherspoon, Fairview;
Dr. G. H. Stout, Middletown ; Dr. A. J. Arnold, Middletown; Doctor Thomp-
son, Washington.
1,1 ERNSEY
COUNTY, i
hi in.
213
Aside fn
,„, the
regular and h«
imeopathic
physic
•ians in Gu<
irnsey
county,
as just named
, there
is an osteopath
doctor in (
ambr
idge, Dr. J,
E. da
hie. and
an eye Special
ist, Dr.
II. A. Green,
of Cambri
dge.
MEDIC \l. SOCIETIES.
In common with every county in the state, Guernsey has had her full
share of medical societies, associations and academies. The earliest we have
any definite knowledge of was in operation in [838. Its president was Dr.
II. II. Evans and the secretary was Dr. S. I',. Clark.
At a meeting of this society in November. 1838, the full,. wing fee hill
was adopted :
"For per l'i inning capital operations, such as ampu-
tating the extremities, trepanning, etc., each.. $20.00
"For reducing fractures and dislocations of the
lower extremities 10.00
"For reducing fractures and dislocations of the
upper extremities 5.00
"For attending parturient cases in town 4.00
"For attending" twin parturient cases in town 8.00
"For consultation in town 5.00
"For visit and medicine, within one mile 1.25
"For attendance and medicine in town, per diem. . 1.00
"For every mile over the first in daylight 37
"For every mile over the first at night 50
"For prescribed doses of medicine, each 25
"For extracting teeth, each 25
"For bleeding 2$
"H. II. Evans, President.
"S. B. Clark, Secretary."
After a number of years this medical society went down and in t88o. or
about that year, the Guernsey County Medical Society (number two) was
organized by a new set of physicians and was made up of the following phy-
sicians: Doctor Boyd, of Kimbolton ; Doctor Cain, of Senecaville: Doctor
Clark, of Middletown; Doctor McPherson, of Cambridge: Doctor Henry, of
Washington; Doctor Patton, of Washington: Dr. John Hill, of Senecaville;
Doctor Romans, of Quaker City; Doctor Gildea, of New Gottenger; Doctor
Tingle, of Cambridge.
214 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
This continued until about 1883, when a new society was formed, known
as the Guernsey County Academy of Medicine, whose constituent members
were: Doctors McPherson, Miller, both of Cambridge; Doctor Gildea, of
New Gottenger; Doctor Ramsey, of Cambridge; Doctor Cain, of Senecaville;
Doctor Scott, of Senecaville; Doctor Boyd, of Kimbolton; Doctor Rosmond,
of Birmingham.
After a varied experience, this society served its day and went out of
commission.
In 1904 the present Guernsey County Medical Society was formed. Its
present officers are Doctor Frame, of Cambridge, president; Doctor Mitchell,
of Cambridge, secretary, and Doctor Headley, of the same city, treasurer.
Monthly meetings are kept up and much interest is manifested by the medical
fraternity. The present membership will be seen by the subjoined list of
physicians who belong to the society : Doctors Patton and Sprague, of Byes-
ville, and these, all from Cambridge : Drs. William Bradford, A. F. Cain,
Cornelius A. Frame, Frederick Harrison, Albert Headley, G. W. Hixon,
Isaac W. Keenan, Fred W. Lane, W. G. Lane, F. O. Lowry, Frank M.
Mitchell, Clark A. Moore, William T. Ramsey, T. H. Bowles, E. E. Vorhies.
keenan's hospital.
Cambridge has the benefits of a first-rate hospital, a private institution
where surgical operations, especially, are performed with great skill. When
Dr. Isaac W. Keenan located at Quaker City in 1899, he established a hospital
at that point, but in 1905 he took a special course in surgery at the Chicago
Post-Graduate School and in the autumn of 1906 removed his hospital from
Quaker City to Cambridge, locating on the corner of Ninth street and Com-
ber avenue. He gave up ordinary medical practice and devotes his entire
time to his private hospital, where he has won a great reputation and has
cases from all parts of Ohio and adjoining states. He now has trained nurses
and they, in turn, teach the art of nursing to others. He is assisted greatly
by his capable wife. The city is fortunate, indeed, in securing such an insti-
tution, for in a manufacturing center and railroad place the demand for a
near-by hospital is great.
CHAPTER XV.
THE NEWSPAPERS OF GUERNSEY COUNTY.
Since the introduction of the printing press, all civilized portions of
the globe have employed them for the dissemination of intelligence from one
class to another. Perhaps it goes undisputed that the art of printing and the
invention of the printing press has been the greatest discovery in way of use-
ful, universal achievements the world has so far discovered. Without going
into the history of the invention, or what it has accomplished in all branches
of man's purposes to elevate and enlighten, and to Christianize mankind,
the writer will at once go at the task of outlining the various newspapers that
have from time to time been published within the limits of Guernsey county.
If any are omitted it is through ignorance and not neglect or intention, but
likely there may have been papers run for a short period which have escaped
the author's mind, with the passing of so many years.
The first newspaper published in Guernsey county was the Guernsey
Times. A history of this paper is given below.
The first Democratic newspaper in the county was the Washington Re-
publican, established at Washington in 1826 by Messrs. Hull and Robb. Mr.
Hull dropped out in 1827 and Jacob Robb was sole proprietor. It was sus-
pended fur a time, but in 1838 resumed publication and changed its name to
the Democratic Star, which the wicked Whigs called the "Dog Star." Its
editor was Peter B. Ankney. It continued until 1847 an(l was tnen succeeded
by the Jeffersonian, by Gill & Leach. The Jeffersonian is the same as that
still published at Cambridge, having passed down through various hands. The
chain is about as follows: Arthur T. Clark had it in 1850; Lewis Baker
edited the paper in the first years of the Civil war. and was succeeded as pro-
prietor by Charles E. Mitchner, who ran for Congress. Following him came
George McClelland, who was the successful man at the head of the paper
until he was succeeded by John Kirkpatrick, who sold to John M. Amos 111
January, 1886. and in company with his sons still edits and owns the Jef-
fersonian.
The daily Jeffersonian was established as the first real daily publication
in the county. The date of its starting was in 189 1. since which time it has
2l6 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
not missed an issue on a week day. The weekly is now on its seventy-ninth
volume and the daily on its nineteenth volume. It is one of Ohio's cleanest,
most newsy newspapers, and it is an honor to the newspaper fraternity of this
county and the entire state.
Lewis Baker, editor of the Jeifersonian, carried under a subhead through-
out the Civil war these words : "Our country — may she ever be right. But,
right or wrong — our country. We are a unit; party feeling has been entirely
sunk all over the North. Political parties now rally to the defense of the
Union and Constitution and under this banner every true man worthy the
name American citizen can fight with a good heart — we are a unit."
In 1862, his motto was, "The Union as it was — the Constitution as it is.
The Union of lakes, the Union of lands — the Union of States none can sever
— the Union of hearts — the Union of hands — the American Union forever."
Before the Civil war — in 1850 — the following appeared as heads of edi-
torials in September of that year, and serve to show that the Jcffcrsouiau has
ever been alert to the interests of the party and the taxpayers of this county :
"Against Railroad Subscriptions," "The Funded System," "Look Out for De-
ception," "Old Federalism Sticking Out," "Stop that Falsehood," "The Great-
est Fraud of the Age." Then these questions are submitted: "Farmers of
Guernsey county, are your taxes already high enough? Have they become op-
pressive? Then let all vote against railroad subscription." "Are the land-
holders of Guernsey county prepared to mortgage their lands to money lend-
ers to the amount of one hundred thousand dollars? Their vote against rail-
road subscription."
THE GUERNSEY TIMES.
The Guernsey Times was founded by J. Aitken, at Cambridge, the first
number being dated September 18, 1824. The subscription price was set at
one dollar and fifty cents, if paid within thirty days after the time of sub-
scribing; two dollars, if paid within six months, or two dollars and fifty
cents if not paid until after the expiration of six months. Advertisements
not exceeding a "square" were inserted three times for one dollar, twenty-
five cents for each subsequent insertion. The first volume of the Times
was not much larger than an ordinary office ledger. The paper consisted of
four pages, each of four columns of leaded brevier, embellished with the
atrocious woodcuts which were then in the height of popularity, and was
made up mainly of foreign and political news, with now and then a local item.
The advertisements were for the greater part demands for money by many
of the merchants, coupled with threats of legal procedure, and a list of articles
■which would be taken in lieu of coin, which was at that time extremelv scarce.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 2\~
The first volume closed with the number dated ( )ctober 15, 1825, at which
time the paper passed out of the hands of Aitken and became the property of
Col. Cyrus P. Beatty, who successfully conducted it up to the time of his
death, December 17, 1827. after which publication was continued b\ his
widow. Colonel Beatty, upon assuming- control, enlarged the paper to five
columns, and greatly improved the typography and general appearance of tin-
sheet. The published terms of the paper were as follows:
"The Guernsey Times will be published one a week, on a super-royal
sheet, and good type, at one dollar and fifty cents per annum, if paid in ad-
vance, or within three months after commencing, two dollars if paid before
the expiration of the year, and two dollars and fifty cents if paid after the
expiration of the year. One-half of the subscription will be received in prod-
uce at market price, if delivered within the current year, or the whole, if paid
in rags. Xo paper discontinued, except at the option of the editor, until all
arrearages are paid. Xo subscription taken for less than a year, unless men-
tioned at the time of subscribing, and paid for in advance, at the rate of two
dollars per annum, and a failure to notify a discontinuance before the term
expires shall be considered as a new engagement. Advertisements by the
year, inserted at Pittsburg prices."
The plant passed successively through the hands of Nicholas Bailhache
I February 1, [828, to 1830), John Hersh, Jr. (May 1, 1830, to May 18, 1833,
when it became John Hersh & Co.), John Hersh, Jr., and D. M. McPherson
( as Guernsey Times ami Ohio Gazette, from about April 20, 1832, to April
12, 1833). It is probable that after the dissolution of the partnership existing
between Hersh and McPherson, the business was conducted by John Hersh.
Jr., until the issue of March 8, 1834, when the firm became Hersh & Weirich,
the new partner being C. E. Weirich. With the number for November 20,
1834. the paper again became the sole property of John Hersh. Jr., who con-
tinued publication until December 13, 1834, when the name was changed
from The Guernsey Times ami Ohio Gazette to The Guernsey Times and
Farmers' ami Mechanics' Advocate, and became the property of William W.
Tracev. The paper flourished under Tracey. and when sold on December 12,
1835, to John A. Beatty, had attained to very respectable proportions and typo-
graphic excellence.
Beatty was succeeded on July 2. 1836. by Lambert Thomas, who was
a prominent character in early Whig days. June 17. 1837, the firm became
Lambert & J. S. Thomas, but the paper retained the same caption and sul>-
head. June 9, 1838, Lambert Thomas again assumed entire control, and con-
tinued publication until December 7, 1839, when W. R. Allison became edi-
2l8 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
tor and publisher. Allison, during his brief editorship, made but few changes
in the appearance of the paper, the most important being his substitution of
the motto : "One Country, one Constitution, one Destiny," the famous decla-
ration of Daniel Webster, in place of the former sub-head, "Fanners' and Me-
chanics' Advocate." Allison was succeeded, March 21, 1840, by Charles J.
Albright, who probably held his position longer than any of the editors who
had preceded him, his resignation taking effect in the twenty-first year of the
Times. He was succeeded by Messrs. Hatton and Green, who were editors
jointly for a short time, when, with the number for March 20, 1846, the plant
became the sole property of Richard Hatton, Mr. Green retiring from the
newspaper field.
Richard Hatton sold the Times establishment to its former owner, C. J.
Albright, in the spring of 1849, when the subhead became, "Let all the ends
thou aimst at be thy country's, thy God's, and Truth's."
Albright kept it until December 28, 1854, when he sold it to Moses and
C. P. B. Sarchet. In 1856 the plant passed into the hands of J. C. Douglas,
who conducted it until January 1, 1862, who then enlisted in the Union army.
He sold to Joseph D. Taylor and W. H. F. Lenfesty, and it remained in the
Taylor family up to within a short time. David D. Taylor was at the head of
the paper in the eighties and was still at his task in 1910, when he died. A
sketch of this manly man will appear in the biographical section of this work.
The chain of owners of the Times, then, has been as above mentioned
down to the time the Taylor family took it. From that time on, Taylor &
Lenfesty controlled it until 1874, when David D. Taylor acquired an interest
amounting to one-half its value, and in 1890 he purchased the balance
and was sole owner up to his death. Upon his decease, the Taylor boys man-
aged it until a few months had passed, when Prof. J. M. Carr and others
bought the property of Mrs. Taylor, and Mr. Carr became its editor and man-
ager. This only lasted for a few months as, on November 8, 1905, the
Guernsey Times Company was organized by Judge W. H. Gregg and others
who have the property at this date (November, 1910). This has been one of
the most influential local papers in Ohio and has fought many a political con-
flict, though in a manly manner. Should the present management make as
good a record as have the men who have been behind the editorial desk in the
more than four score years of the paper's history, they will indeed be for-
tunate.
The Times has long since been a weekly and daily combined, and has
visted the homes of many thousands of the people of Guernsey and adjoining
counties. Long live the Times!
GUERNSEY COUNTY, 210.
The only surviving son of Lambert Thomas, who was for main years
prominent in Cambridge affairs, and formerly editor of the Guernsey Times,
Joseph Sterling Thomas, who died December i. [910, at Cambridge, was a
well known resident of this city. Mr. Thomas was educated as an art and
literary student, having studied in the greatest cities of the world, lie was
horn at Zahesville, Ohio, but in verj earl) childhood was taken to Philadel-
phia, where his natural fancy and affinity for the arts led to rapid advance-
ment. So marvelous was his skill, and so great his aptitude, that it was de-
cided to give him the advantage of foreign study. After graduating from
the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, he went abroad to continue 1 1 i^
studies. His private preceptors were Thomas P. Otter. George L. P.ensell.
Stephen Ferris and Joseph Bailly, the eminent French sculptor. Me remained
in Europe during the years 1S7S-7C). In London he studied diligently along
loth art and literary lines, and produced many pictures which were highly
commended by noted artists and critics. He also contributed widely to news-
papers and magazines, being an able writer as well as an artist. Upon his re-
turn to Philadelphia, he was robbed of a choice and interesting collection of
pictures, models, vases, has-reliefs. and liric-a-lirac. by disreputable persons
who visited his studio.
Mr. Thomas was a direct descendant of Judge Gomher. one of the
founders of Cambridge, and of John Afordby Beatty, father of Col. Cyrus
Parkinson Beatty. Gomber's brother-in-law and business partner. The
Afordhy-Beattys are old Virginia and Maryland stock of great antiquity and
distinction.
Mr. Thomas regarded as his most unique experience the occasion upon
which, at an early age. he penetrated through the Black Hills to the base of
the Rocky mountains, after roaming through the wilds of Nebraska, Colo-
rado, Montana, Dakota, etc., walking a distance of one thousand miles in six
weeks.
Mr. Thomas died of heart failure in his bed at the American 1 louse where
he was taken the night of his death.
people's tress.
Tlic People's Press was established by Wes. Dunifer and later it was con-
ducted by J. F. Solmon and he changed it to the Cambridge Democrat. Still
later it was bought by a stock company of which J. R. Barr was manager and
editor, and conducted as the Republican-Press, the same style as it is now
known and run at present by the Times company, as a weekly family paper of
220 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
much merit. It is newsy, up-to-date and clean. It dates from 1885 and con-
sequently is now in its twenty-fifth year.
A CURIOUS EDITORIAL.
Shortly after J. C. Douglas had assumed the editorship of the Guernsey
Times, the following amusing editorial appeared, in the issue for July 24,
1856:
"Bring Back My Boots! ! !
"Yes, you thieving buccaneer, bring back my boots. Verily, editors are
a persecuted race. Scarcely have I gotten seated upon the tripod, when some
thieving rascal, without the fear of God, man, devil or printer before his eyes,
steals my boots. May they corn his toes, pinch his feet, palsy his hands, and
when he goes to draw them on. may the straps break, and let him fall over
backwards and break his 'cussed' neck, and thus escape the hangman, if he
don't bring them back."
In the issue of the Guernsey Times for March 8, 1834, when Hersh and
Weirich were proprietors, appears the following :
"Acknowledgment. — We are indebted to the Hon. Daniel Webster for
a copy of his speech in Senate of U. States, on the Deposit Question —
also a copy of his Report, as Chairman of the Finance Committee, on the
same subject — both in pamphlet form — for which he will please accept our
thanks."
THE CAMBRIDGE HERALD.
The Cambridge Herald was established as a weekly Republican news-
paper about 1868, by Mr. Farrar, who a few years later sold to W. B. Hutchin-
son and finally, after several changes, in 1882 became the property of Messrs.
Mahaffev and Ogier, when it became an independent paper and was thus con-
ducted for a period of twenty-eight years, or until sold in August, 1910, to
\Y. < ). Moore, who is the present editor and proprietor, with the veteran news-
paper man, C. L. Blackburn, as associate editor. It has been a clean, spicy,
home paper, published each week, giving the most important news of city,
county, state and nation. In connection with this paper, there is a first-class
job department. Its weekly visits are highly appreciated by a large and in-
creasing patronage.
During the more than a quarter of a century that Mr. Mahaffev was con-
ducting- the paper, he was four times a candidate for public office, but in all
that time he never had his name flaunted in his paper and was independent in
all things. And for this, he was popular and hold office in his state, showing
that the masses believe in a citizen who "blows not his own horn."
OTHER CAMBRIDGE NEWSPAPERS.
The Sun was another newspaper that in its day cut considerable figure in
this county. It was established by S. M. Johnson, now of Fairview, and was
once the property of Lykes, Ferbache & Hyatt; then Lykes run it alone for
about eight years, when it went down. It was independent in politics, and
was under its various managements edited usually by Mr. Blackburn, now as-
sociate editor of the Cambridge Herald. It was published up to within a few
years and was a home paper of decided opinions as to the propriety of local
matters, and the temperance cause especially.
Other journals of more or less importance were the News and Republican,
that merged with the Times, and an educational publication edited by Prof.
McBurney for many years and finally removed to another part of Ohio and
still a standard educational publication.
NEWSPAPERS AT PLEASANT CITY.
The first attempt at sustaining a newspaper in Pleasant City was in the
establishment of the Record, by S. O. Riggs, and following him came the
News, by A. T. Secrest. neither one of which had a long or very eventful
career.
The third newspaper in the place was founded by H. W. Kackley and
tin's was styled the Citizen, which was rather short-lived, as had been its two
predecessors.
Idie fourth paper founded was the Leader, by H. D. Flanagan, who
started his paper on October 31, 1905, and continued only nine weeks. It
was launched under the name of the "Pleasant City Printing Company," non-
political. Xot having been entered as second class matter, a cent a paper had
to be attached as postage on same and still the circulation had reached five
hundred and fifty and every inch of advertising space was taken. Failing to
secure second class rates in time to justify its further publication, the paper
was discontinued.
A church publication, styled the Parishiniire, or some similar title, was
established at Pleasant City in 1904, by W. F. Birely and Rev. C. F. Floto,
but this did not continue very long.
The next publication Was the present newspaper founded by the present
222 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
proprietor, C. L. Stranathan. This is the Recorder founded in February, 1907,
It is the best paper ever published in the village. It is now an eight-page,
seven-column paper, filled with spicy local news and general political and
world-wide news. Its advertising patronage is excellent and the mechanical
appearance is seldom surpassed in so small a place as Pleasant City. The
latest machinery is employed in printing this paper, together with an excellent
grade of job work.
BYESVILLE NEWSPAPERS.
The first newspaper here, as is usually the case, was not of long duration.
About ninety per cent fail as did this paper. Two papers were launched onto
the sea of local journalism here before the founding of the present excellent
paper, the Enterprise. It was November 1, 1899, when L. W. Smith, backed
by D. S. Burt and aided by E. E. Green, established the Enterprise. From
that date until 1900 it was published at home, but printed at Cambridge on the
Republican presses. Then it was purchased by its present owner, who moved
his own plant from Marietta and permanently located at Byesville. July 20,
1905, it was sold to Ella M. Beer, who died soon after, and in order to protect
the interests he still held in the business, the present owner was compelled to
take it back in October, 1906. It is now conducted under the head of the
Enterprise Printing Company, with J. A. Skinner as manager and proprietor.
It is Republican in politics, a lively local chronicler of all that is fit to be pub-
lished, but never sensational. It is a six-column, eight-page paper, well
edited and finely printed on a power press. It enjoys a large circulation and
its job department is always full of paying jobs, which formerly went abroad.
It has performed its part in the upbuilding of Byesville.
CUMBERLAND NEWSPAPERS.
The enterprising town of Cumberland is now supplied with one thorough-
ly up-to-date newspaper, the Echo, established in September, 1885, by W. A.
Reedle. The present proprietor is W. G. Nichols, who has been at the helm
since 1898. Others who have owned and operated the enterprise of paper
publishing here have been, Johnson & Frisby, Albert Johnson, Miss May
Stranathan and H. A. Goodrich. It was originally called the Cumberland
Ncii's. It is independent in politics. The mechanical department is modern.
Job printing is executed in excellent style on a Cincinnati jobber, while the
Echo is printed on a Fairhaven cylinder press. This local journal chronicles
all the news of this section of the "Kingdom of Guernsey" that is fit to be put
i.i ERNSEY COUNTY, OH [O. 22$
in type. 1 lis patronage is good, but should be materially increased, when one
considers the amount of work put upon the publication.
QUAKER CITY PAPERS.
The Quaker City Independent was established in 1875 by J. D. Olmstead
& Son. In 1882 it was bought by J. \Y. & A. B. Hill, then the youngest news-
paper firm in Ohio. The paper is well received by a large patronage, as a
clean, bright, newsy journal of local and editorial writings of all the current
events.
CHAPTER XVI.
iAXKS AND BANKING.
In all commercial countries, the banking business is established about as
soon as there is a demand for it. Especially of later years in the history of
this country, where the monetary system has been on such an excellent standard
as in the United States for the last half century. Private banks, state banks
and United States banks, and the various laws controlling them, have all
been subjects of much legislation, and while with the latest innovation of the
postal savings bank system, just established in this country, there are many
things yet to be corrected and improved, it is the pride of our nation that one
kind of our money is worth as much now as another. It matters not whether
one have in his possession a private bank bill, a state bank bill, a greenback
issue, a gold or silver certificate, or any kind of metal money, silver, gold or
alloyed coins, — one is as good as another, "for all debts, public and private,
except for customs or interest on the public debt," and are taken at par the
world over in the exchange banks and great money centers. The small per
cent asked for exchanging one kind of money for another, on going abroad, is
a mere trifle.
But these things were not always so. In the first half of the last century,
and until the resumption of specie payment, after the Civil war had ended,
gold was held at a high premium over silver and paper notes. In war times
gold reached almost three dollars on the Wall street markets, and was quoted,
from day to day, as regularly as wheat, corn, cotton and iron are today. That
is to say, the five-dollar gold piece was worth fifteen dollars, or nearly so. in
paper.
Many of our older citizens well recall the days of "wild cat" and state
bank money, when no one could tell what the actual purchasing power of the
bills he might have one day would be the next day. "Red dog" bills — Mich-
igan, Ohio. Wisconsin, Illinois and Iowa bank bills — fluctuated from a shilling
up to near, but seldom, par value. It was difficult to transact business on
such flimsy money and many a man went down on account of the poor system
of banking that then obtained from one end of this country to another. Other
reference to these things will be found elsewhere in this chapter.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 225
The following is taken from the Guernsey Times, dated March 5, [842,
and will illustrate this point quite well. J. W. Potwin was a general dealer in
Cambridge, at the time, and inserted this notice in the home paper for the
purpose of drawing more trade :
"Notice — The following Bank Bills will be taken for goods at a dis-
count, viz: German Bank of Wooster, Farmers Bank of Canton, Bank of
Granville, Bank of Urbana, both Cleveland banks, State Bank and Bank of
Illinois, Miami Exporting Company, Bank of Hamilton."
The Times of February 3, 1844 — three or four years before this county
had a bank — contained the following notice:
BANK NOTES.
"The notes of the non-specie paying banks sell in Cincinnati at the follow-
ing rates :
"Com. bk., Scioto 10 clis. Cleveland 25 dis.
"Lancaster 10 dis. Miami Ex. Co 35 dis.
"Hamilton 10 dis. Urbana 45 dis.
"Lake Erie 12^2' Granville 70 dis.
"State Bank 40 dis. Shawneetown 45 dis.
"State Bank and Branches. . . .par. Scrip 20 dis.
MICHIGAN.
"St. Clair, payable at Newark, passes at par — but not taken for taxes.
"The notes of all solvent banks in other states generally pass at par."
AN OLD BANK DETECTOR.
"Capt. A. A. Taylor has received from his cousin. Mr. Bruce Taylor, of
Wooster, a copy of Kennedy's (late Sibert's) Bank Note Record and Fac-
simile Counterfeit Detector, bearing the date of 1853. anc' published monthlj
beginning in 1837. It contains a list of all the banks then existing in the
226 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
United States. The Guernsey branch of the Ohio State Bank was then the
only state bank in Guernsey county, and was located at Washington. John
McCurdy was president and William Skinner, cashier, with capital of one
hundred thousand dollars. There was never any change of president, but
later cashiers were Fracken and Endley. There is a special notice of ones
and tens on the Guernsey branch, dated in June, 1849, which were readily
denounced as counterfeit, because the Guernsey branch had not issued any bills
in June, 1849.
"The old detector used to be a necessity in every busy establishment
down to the smallest. They went out of use more than forty years ago, and
copies of them are now very rare. Captain Taylor prizes it because he finds
in it accounts of many of the curious old bills he has collected for many years
and has in his cabinet. Mr. Bruce Taylor made a contribution to this collec-
tion of a Toronto two-dollar bill on the International Bank of Canada, dated
September 15. 1858. It is now pronounced worthless by the United States
Treasury Detector, which is the standard in this country." — From the Cam-
bridge Times, in 1904.
OLD-TIME VALUES.
Here is some history connected with the Times from away back. We
give a copy of the note covering the value of the Times, on the 3rd day of
March, 1840. The note is in the handwriting of W. W. Tracey, Esq.. who
was a former owner of the paper:
"On or before the first day of July next we or either of us promise to
pay to William R. Allison, or order, the sum of three hundred and ninety dol-
lars, for value received this third day of March, A. D. 1840. Signed, Chas.
J. Albright, B. A. Albright, M. Sarchet. Attest: Lambert Thomas."
It appears that the note was not given for some time after C. J. Albright
had possession. There are credits on the note showing the following pay-
ments: January 1, 1840, eighteen dollars; November 20. 1840, two hundred
and eight dollars paid to W. W. Tracey, attorney for J. S. Thomas; December
3. 1S40, ten dollars to R. T. Allison, and thirty-three dollars and twelve cents
to \Y. W. Tracey, attorney. There is this endorsement on the note: "Two
hundred and sixty-two dollars and twenty-two cents to be paid to J. S.
Thomas. Signed: W. R. Allison." The note is left in the hands of W. W.
Tracev, Esq., for collection. There is an endorsement by Tracey on the
back of the note: "C. J. Albright, note two hundred and sixty-two dollars
due July 3, 1840," also the following: "Received January 1, 1841. twenty-
seven dollars and thirty cents in full of judgment of the within note due J. S.
i,i ERNSEY COUNTY; OHIO. 22~
Thomas." The history of this transaction is. that Lambert Thomas sold to
J. S. Thomas, his brother, ami he to Allison, ami Allison to Albright. Tin-
total credit is two hundred ami ninety six dollars ami fifty cents, leaving a
balance of ninety-three dollars and fifty cents unaccounted for, which was in
all probability taken up by another note.
We give another transaction which shows that the early publishers of
the Times were hard up, and had to do a good deal of business on tick. The
following due bill will explain:
"Due John Carman, thirty dollars for printing paper, furnished by him
for the Guernsey limes, to be paid to him as the paper is used. Signed:
Nicholas Bailhache, Cambridge, Ohio, November 25, [828."
On the hack of this due bill is the endorsement, in the handwriting of J.
M. Bell, Esq.: "Carman vs. Bailhache, note, judgment $35.90." John Car-
man was at that day a paper peddler and rag buyer. He lived at St. Clairs-
ville. Ohio. At a later date there was a Philip Carman, perhaps his son, who
traveled hack and forth from Wheeling, West Virginia, to Columbus, Ohio,
engaged in the same business, traveling in a two-horse covered wagon, carry-
ing foolscap, letter paper, wrapping paper, blank hooks, printing paper, inks
and quill pens. He continued in this trade up to the opening of the Central
Ohio railroad in April, 1854. Old residents on the National road will re-
member Carman, the paper peddler and rag buyer.
There is a certificate given to John Huff for lot 115, Cadiz, Ohio, for
thirty-two dollars and fifty cents. On the back is this assignment: "Janu-
ary 31, 1814. for value received, I do assign unto Eleazer Huff all my right.
title and interest in and to the within certificate, and all the benefits that may
be had by reason or means thereof. Signed, John Huff." The witness. J.
Wilson, was one of the first common pleas judges in Ohio, and held the first
session of common pleas court in Guernsey county at Cambridge in 1810.
We give this to show the value of town lots at the time of laying out the
towns of Cadiz and Cambridge. The price of the first lots sold in Cambridge.
Ohio, in 1806. on Wheeling avenue, to Thomas Sarchet. lots 58 and 59, thirty-
seven dollars and fifty cents each: lots 13 and [4 to John Sarchet. thirty-six
dollars and fifty cents each; lot 21 to William Ogier, thirty-five dollars; lots
22 ami 23 to Catharine Marquand, thirty-two dollars each: lot 24 to Thomas
Lenfesty, thirty-two dollars: lot 40 to Thomas Xaftal. thirty dollars; lot 51 to
James Bichard, thirty-five dollars: lot 54 to Peter Sarchet, fifty dollars; lot
15 to Lloyd Talbott, thirty-five dollars. These lots were located on each side
of Wheeling avenue, all within one square of the court house square. It will
be seen that the lots in Cambridge were of the greatest value, situated as the
228 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
city is on the waters of Big Wills creek and at the junction of the two great
roads of that day. leading from Wheeling and Steubenville to the great west.
Cadiz was located at the junction of the Pittsburg and Wellsburg roads, but
had not the water advantages that Cambridge had. There is not one of the
lots named in Cambridge that is not worth, per front foot, more than double
the original first value. In the march of improvement the lots on the corner
of Eighth street and Wheeling avenue have continued to keep up first value
as leading lots. Cambridge is on the grow. Seated in a barber's chair the
other day. we said to the barber, "How many barber shops are there in Cam-
bridge today." He replied, "Fifteen."
We said, "Cambridge has grown fifteen times since we first knew it."
Then there was but one barber, old Moman Morgan, colored. He went
around, twice a week, from house to house, carrying his tools, soap and lather
pot, and a head rest that could be attached to an ordinary chair. The barbers
of today, who sport their white roundabouts, are not yet up in style to Morgan,
for besides a white roundabout, he wore a long white apron. The perfumes
of that day \vere what Eli Marsh, a later colored barber, called the "condi-
ments, bar's oil, goose grease and pomade."- — Written for the Cambridge
Times by Col. C. P. B. Sarchet in 1906, as a reminiscence of old times.
GUERNSEY COUNTY'S FIRST BANK.
Up to the war 1848, the banking business necessary for the commerce of
Guernsey county was done at Wheeling, Zanesville and Mt. Pleasant, in Jeffer-
son county. In those days the raising of livestock for the eastern markets
was the chief source of income in money to the county, and there were many
drovers who, or nearly all, were dependent on the banks for accommodation.
In 1845 the Legislature passed an act establishing the State Bank of Ohio,
with its system of branch banks. Early in 1847 the question of establishing
a bank in Washington was discussed, and resulted in the circulation of papers
for stock subscriptions. One hundred thousand dollars of such subscriptions
were secured on the 17th day of December, 1847, and proceedings had in com-
pliance with the general act of incorporation. Three ineffectual attempts at
this were made, one on the 31st of December, 1847, another on the 24th of
January. 1848, another on the 15th of June, 1848, and on the 24th day of
June the formal proceedings were satisfactorily completed, and the bank
authorized to do business under the name of the "Guernsey Branch of the
State Bank of Ohio, at Washington." From the beginning until its close the
business of the bank was prudently and successfully managed, and the bank
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 229
enjoyed at every moment of its existence the full confidence of the whole com-
munity. To be sure, there was the "crow-bat" excitement, and once notably.
during a time of panic, a run of bill-holding brokers from abroad, but the
Guernsey Branch was equal to all emergencies and was regarded as among the
well-managed banks of the state. John McCurdy was president of the bank
from its organization to its close. Its first cashier was William Skinner, who
was succeeded by George Fracker, and he by George A. Endley, after whom
came Simon B. Lawrence, who remained as cashier until the business was
closed up. The first board of directors was composed of John Craig, Henry
H. Evans, John McFarland, Kileon Hagar, Charles Hare, John Beymer,
Francis Rea, and John Hall. — Jcffcrsonian, March 9, 1876.
NATIONAL BANK OF CAMBRIDGE.
The National Bank of Cambridge, No. 6,566, was organized in 1863, as
the first bank under the national banking act of 1863 in Guernsey county, its
original number being 141. After the expiration of the first twenty-year
charter, in 1882, its charter was renewed by a reorganization and the number
of the second bank's charter was 2,861, and this twenty-year charter ran out
in 1902, when another re-organization took place, hence a new charter and
this, the present one, is numbered 6,566. It will be observed that only one
hundred and forty banks in the United States had applied for a charter prior
to this one, under the then new banking laws of our country, and which have
proven such a great success to the people, both bankers and depositors. The
original capital of this bank was one hundred thousand dollars, of which
sixty-five thousand dollars was paid in at the opening of the bank and within a
few months (April. 1863) the balance was paid in. The original stockholders
included many of Guernsey county's best men, of the town and country. The
following is fl list of their names, and it may be said that all are now deceased,
but it must be remembered that this bank dates back forty-seven years:
Stephen B. Clark, John C. Douglass, Isaac Morton, Robert F. Burt, Nicholas
Priaulx. James Beggs, Andrew Henderson, Henry McCartney, Walter Bogle,
James Nelson, Thomas Johnston, Isaac W. Hall, George Morrison, George
B. Leeper. Samuel Harper, Samuel Stranathan, Daniel Burt, Thomas Lapage,
William Rainey, Bernard Brown, John Ogier, Jr., William Black, William N.
Farrar, John Marquand, Eli Hall, Samuel Craig. William H. Bell, Marling
Oldham, William Black, Charles J. Albright, John Crook, Joseph Fordyce,
John Hall, Thomas Hall.
In October, 1863, at a meeting for the selection of directors, the follow-
230
c,r ICRNSKV ClirXTV, OHIO.
ing were elected : S. B. Clark, I. W. Hall, R. F. Burt, William Rainey, Ber-
nard Brown, Joseph Fordyce, Samuel Harper. The directors elected as their
president S. B. Clark; John R. Clark, cashier. On January 9, 1866, John R.
Clark tendered his resignation as cashier and Samuel McMahon was appointed
his successor. Then A. C. Cochran was appointed cashier. On February
20, 1880, Mr. Cochran resigned and A. R. Murray was appointed his suc-
cessor.
On November 2j, 1882, the stockholders voted to go into liquidation for
the purpose of re-organizing. Application was made to the comptroller of
currency and received charter No. 2,861, to be known as the Old National
Bank of Cambridge, with a capital stock of one hundred thousand dollars.
The following were the stockholders, under the bank's second charter : S. J.
McMahon, R. F. Burt, W. A. Rainey, J. W. Campbell, A. R. Murray, W. M.
Farrar, C. J. Albright, S. W. Luccock, J. M. Ogier, W. H. Ledlie. W. B.
Cosgrave, Henry McCartney, James T. Lindsay, S. B. Clark, W. M. Scott.
January 12, 1883, the following directors were elected: S. J. McMahon,
S. B* Clark, W. A. Rainey, W. B. Cosgrave, J. M. Ogier, J. W. Campbell,
Henry McCartney. The board then organized by electing S. J. McMahon,
president : J. \Y. Campbell, vice-president ; A. R. Murray, cashier. January
10, 1903, C. S. McMahon was appointed assistant cashier. January 12. 1903,
the stockholders voted to go into liquidation again, for the purpose of again
renewing their charter and reorganizing, as required by the banking laws.
Application was made to the comptroller of currency for new charter, which
was issued as No. 6,566, to be known as the National Bank of Cambridge,
with a capital of one hundred thousand dollars. Under this new charter, the
following persons were the stockholders : S. J. McMahon, J. W. Campbell,
A. R. Murray. J. M. Ogier, C. S. McMahon, Charles Mast, Fred L. Rose-
mond, S. M. Burgess, Walter N. Patterson, S. W. Luccock, Rebecca Lidlie,
W. W. Harper, R. M. Hood, R. V. Orme, A. P. Frame. A. Westwood, A. M.
Sarchet, G. W. Smith.
On January 13, 1903, at the annual election for directors the following
were elected : S. J. McMahon, J. M. Ogier, S. M. Burgess, Fred L. Rose-
mond, J. W. Campbell, A. R. Murray, S. W. Luccock. On October 31, 1905,
A. P. Frame was appointed by the board as a director, to fill the place of J. M.
Ogier, made vacant by his death.
The present (1910) officers of the bank are: S. J. McMahon, president;
A. R. Murray, vice-president; C. S. McMahon, cashier; W. N. Patterson,
assistant cashier; G. W. Smith, teller; W. L. Orme and Miss Myrtle Ogier,
bookkeepers.
GUERNSEY COUN n . OHIO 23 I
Concerning the business transacted by this pioneer national banking
house in Cambridge, and the location of the bank itself, it may lie stated in
this connection that it was first kept in the parlor rooms of the private resi-
dence of Dr. Vincent llavnes just on the next lot east of the present bank
site. In April, 1867, the records of the hank show that the directors author-
ized the erection of the present hank building, which stands on l"t X". 52,
Wheeling avenue, and here the hank has had its home for all of those Eorty-
three years.
The First National Bank, as it was styled in April, [865, made their
statement, in which it was shown that the capital was one hundred thousand
dollars; surplus and undivided profits, six thousand four hundred and ninety-
two dollars, with deposits amounting to fifty-six thousand five hundred and
seventy-eight dollars.
The last statement, issued before the hank reorganized in [882, gave their
capital and surplus, with the undivided profits, as one hundred and twenty-
nine thousand nine hundred and ninety-five dollars with deposits amounting to
four hundred and twenty-nine thousand nine hundred and four dollars.
The last statement issued by the National Bank of Cambridge, the pres-
ent organization, shows (September 1, 1910) loans and discounts, four hun-
dred sixty-six thousand nine hundred and sixty-four dollars: United States
bonds, sixty-one thousand five hundred dollars; banking house and fixtures,
nine thousand five hundred dollars ; total resources, seven hundred eight-one
thousand and fifty-seven dollars and sixty-six cents. The amount of capital
stock is one hundred thousand dollars; surplus and undivided profits, eighty-
six thousand nine hundred and eighty-four dollars and eighty-eight cents;
individual deposits, subject to check, four hundred thirty thousand seven hun-
dred and thirty dollars and seventy-two cents ; demand certificates of deposit,
ninety-six thousand three hundred and twenty-three dollars and fifty-eight
cents, with other items to make the total liabilities same as resources named,
seven hundred eighty-one thousand and fifty-seven dollars and sixty-six cents.
Through all the shifting years — almost a half century — this institution
has remained firm and solid, notwithstanding the three great panics that have
overtaken the country since the hank first opened its doors in 1863. when the
Civil war was at its height. Tt has ever had conservative men at its head," as
directors and officers, and has been patronized by stockholders and depositors
throughout Guernsey county, who have given it standing and reliability. The
people, of all classes and nationalities, have had confidence in this hank and
they have never been disappointed.
232 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
GUERNSEY NATIONAL BANK.
The Guernsey National Bank, of Cambridge, was organized in 1872, its
charter being the oldest in the city, and is numbered 1,942. This banking
institution was formed by Col. J. D. Taylor and his associates, John Mc-
Burney, John Heaume, William Lenfesty, John Ogier, George H. Boetcher.
A. A. Taylor, E. Nyce, J. O. Mcllyar and others.
The original capital stock was one hundred thousand dollars, then in-
creased to one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. Its first officers were :
J. D. Taylor, president; W. A. Lawrence, cashier; A. A. Taylor, assistant
cashier.
The present capital is fifty thousand dollars; surplus, twelve thousand
five hundred dollars ; deposits, one hundred and seventy thousand dollars, and
the 19 10 officers are: H. W. Lawrence, president; J. W. Scott, cashier; C. H.
Willis, assistant cashier. The bank owns its own building, erected for the
purpose in 1872-73, at No. 647 Wheeling avenue. No robbers have invaded
this bank in the almost two score years of its history, but some loss Avas sus-
tained in the fires of Cambridge, in 1895 and 1902.
CITIZENS SAVINGS BANK.
The Citizens Savings Bank, of Cambridge, was organized in 1899.
Its present officers are: S. M. Burgess, president; W. B. Cosgrove,
vice-president; D. M. Hawthorne, secretary and treasurer; J. C. Bow-
den, cashier; D. M. Hawthorne, assistant cashier.
The directors are : C. Stolzenbach, John Hoge, S. M. Burgess, T.
W. Scott, William Hoyle, H. P. Woodworth, W. B. Cosgrove, W. C.
Brown, D. M. Hawthorne.
The official statement for September 1, 1910, shows resources and
liabilities amounting to $347,766.54 each. In these are the items of
resources: Loans on real estate, $238,589; loans and collateral, $40,427;
United States bank notes, $4,405. In the list of liabilities are the fol-
lowing items: Capital stock, $30,000: surplus fund $22,500; undivided
profits, $2,083: time certificates of deposit, $81,233; savings deposits,
$192,940.
CENTRAL NATIONAL BANK.
The Central National Bank, of Cambridge, was established in 1882.
with an original capital stock of $100,000. Its first officers were A. J.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 233
Hutchison, president; W. E. Bowden, cashier. They own the magnifi-
cent, strictly modern building, the same having been erected in 19114.
It stands on the corner of Wheeling avenue and Eighth street, at the
southwest corner of the public square, and is a five-story structure,
with fine offices on the floors above the banking rooms on the ground
floor. It is also a United States depository.
Their present officers are: E. W. Mathews, president: John R,
Hall, vice-president; M. L. Hartley, vice-president; W. S. McCartney,
cashier; E. B. Milligan, assistant cashier. Directors: E. W. .Mathews,
John R. Hall, M. L. Hartley, C. R. Mcllyar, John E. Sankey, J. II.
Opperman, C. F. Craig, W. S. McCartney, A. J. Bennett.
Their November, 1910, statement shows that they had resources
and liabilities amounting to $555,991- The loans and deposits amount
to $177,902: United States bonds, $106,618. The capital is still $100,000
and a surplus and undivided profits of $52,969; deposits and money due
banks amounting to $307,722.
The management of this bank has always been first class and it has
withstood the panics that have at various dates disturbed other cities,
and has always been able to pay out on demand all that was called for.
Its officers are thoroughgoing business men and treat all in a gentle-
manly manner.
CAMBRIDGE SAYINGS BANK.
The Cambridge Savings Bank (state incorporated) was organized
April 8, 1905, with a capital authorized at $50,000, $30,000 of which was
paid up. The gentlemen who founded the bank were the following
stockholders: B. F. Sheppard, C. C. Cosgrove. J. B. Giffee, R. Kirk-
patrick, J. O. Carnes. R. V. Acheson and J. E. Bair.
The officers from the start have been. B. F. Sheppard, president :
R. Kirkpatrick, vice-president; C. C. Cosgrove, secretary and treasurer;
R. B. Acheson, cashier; Emory Ferguson, assistant cashier.
This institution has occupied the present modern banking building
ever since it was organized: it is a handsome brick structure at Nos.
806 and 808 Wheeling avenue. The November. 1910, statement pub-
lished by this hank showed the following items, among others: Re-
sources and liabilities, $233,026.95. Of the resources there was $149,286
in loans on real estate: loans on collateral, $10,930; loans and discounts,
$23,929. Of the liabilities there were the items of capital. $30,000;
surplus fund, $10,000: undivided profits. $5,917; individual deposits,
$45,646; demand certificates, $97,280; savings deposits. $44,181.
234 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
This is one of the financial concerns of Guernsey county of which
the citizens are justly proud.
people's bank.
The People's Bank, of Pleasant City, was established in 1895, with
George J. Markley as its proprietor and W. F. Bierly, cashier. No other
information is at hand, hence this meagre account taken from the State
Bank Directory is here given. (See sketch in biographical volume.)
This bank carries on a general banking business in a well furnished
banking building and has the confidence of Pleasant City and vicinity.
guernsey building and loan company.
The Guernsey Building and Loan Company, of Cambridge, was
incorporated under the laws of Ohio, is under state inspection, and has
an authorized capital of $150,000, in shares of $100 each. The first
officers were: John M. Ogier, president; Joseph Hartill, vice-president;
W. H. Brown, secretary; J. B. Dollison, treasurer; W. H. Brown, at-
torney.
It is a purely home institution and no business will be taken from
outside this county. Its funds are loaned only on first mortgage securi-
ties. It was organized April 26, 1902, and now has assets amounting
to over $147,000; it has more than doubled in the last two years. Its
present officers are: J. C. Bair, president; J. R. McBurney, vice-presi-
dent; J. B. Dollison, treasurer; E. A. Scott, secretary; A. R. McCol-
loch, attorney. By fair treatment and business principles, this com-
pany is winning the confidence of many a man who wishes to employ
the building and loan system for securing a home.
BYESVILLE banking.
The First National Bank of Byesville was incorporated December
10, 1900, and opened its doors for business in the following February.
It has grown and flourished until today it ranks high among the solid
financial institutions in Ohio. Its organizers were George S. Trenner,
R. H. Mills and others, and its original capital was $25,000. At the
close of business in 1901, it had deposits amounting to $52,800, and on
Septeniber 1, 1907, it had reached the sum of $236,379.04. Coming
G
IK RN SI
•:v nu-
o the s,
.ring of
[9IO,
ll had
xlurcs ;
and fun
liture
and 1
. on in. 235
loans and discounts Si [4,986;
bank fixtures and furniture and building, $5,500; total resources,
$223,681.
Its present officers arc: George S. Trenner, president; John A.
Thompson,, vice-president; E. P. Finley. cashier; W. A. Thompson,
assistant cashier. The directors arc: II. II. Wilson, George S. Trenner,
John A. Thompson, John W. Thompson, \Y. II. Wilson, E. R. Finley.
This bank lias had a good business standing among the financial
institutions of the county ever since its establishment.
Tn the autumn of 1010 it was believed that with the rapid growth of
Byesville, another hanking institution would pay; accordingly stock
was subscribed by some of the leading business men of the place and
$25,000 was raised for the establishment of the Byesville State Bank
J. A. Hoopman was elected president; Palmer McConnell, vice-presi-
dent; O. L. Howard, cashier. The following comprises the original
hoard of directors: D. S. Hurt, H. C. Egger, J. A. Hoopman, Palmer
McConnell, C. W. Eberle, Mike Sherby, O. L. Howard.
The bank will probably be open for the transaction of business
sometime during the month of November, 1910.
BANKING AT CUMBERLAND.
The Bank of Cumberland was first organized in 1896, by Evans &
Girton, as a private bank. In 1900 J. E. McClelland purchased it from
Evans & Girton, the capital stock then being $10,000. Soon after the
purchase Mr. McClelland associated with him in business I. C. Young.
J. A. Langley. F. L. St. Clair, O. L. Hunter. T. M. Hathaway, and
Catherine Roseman. and increased the capital stock to $15,000, and later
to $25,000.
In 1908 the bank was reorganized, making of it a state bank called
the Cumberland Savings Bank, with a capital stock of $50,000. J. E. Mc-
Clelland was elected president. F. E. St. Clair, vice-president, and J.
M. Bracken, cashier.
The present officers are: President. J. E. McClelland; vice -presi-
dent. F. L. St. Clair; cashier. J. M. Bracken.
At the close of business, September 1, 1910, this bank's statement
showed resources and liabilities amounting to $77,005.27. The resources
showed the items of furniture and fixtures, $1,875; loans on real estate,
$57,620; other loans and discounts, $67,885.
236 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Among the liabilities were the items of capital stock, $50,000; sur-
plus fund, $1,000; undivided profits, $1,500; individual deposits, subject
to check, $63,582; demand certificates of deposit, $60,922.
This banking house has always been a conservative concern, safe
and sound, and one in which the whole people have ever had the utmost
confidence.
SENECAVILLE.
The First National Bank of Senecaville was established December
12, 1904, by C. M. Hutchison, A. U. Hutchison, J. M. Gregg, Milton
Finley, J. A. Lanley, S. L. Murphy, Samuel Laughlin, C. H. Gregg and
several others. The capital stock is $25,000, with a surplus of $6,000.
The present deposits of this banking house is $65,000. The bank owns
its own building, on Main street. The present (1910) officers are: C.
M. Hutchison, president; J. M. Gregg, vice-president; G. F. Pollock,
cashier.
A general banking business is carried on at this point and this con-
cern has the confidence of the best citizens of the community in which
it operates.
QUAKER CITY.
Banking at Quaker City has come to be of large proportions, the
most extensive of any in the county in many ways. The start was made
in 1872, when the Quaker City National Bank was established and it is
now considered as among the solid financial institutions in eastern Ohio.
The late Isaac W. Hall was one of the promoters of this banking house
and was its first president, continuing until his death in 1886. He was
then succeeded by his son, John R. Hall, who still holds the important
position. Hon. W. N. Cowden was vice-president and T. M. Johnson,
cashier. The first directors were as follows : Jonathan Rose, Thomas
Moore, Eli Hall, Dr. J. T. McPherson, D. C. Goodhart, W. N. Cowden,
Isaac W. Hall. Of the original organizers only Messrs. Johnson, Cow-
den and Goodhart survive.
At first the stock of this bank was $50,000, but a few years later
it was increased to $100,000. By its safe, conservative methods, its vol-
ume of business has steadily grown until today (1910) it has a surplus
of more than $20,000. Its September statement of 1910 showed
$684,835 in deposits; profits of more than $37,000 and a magnificent
banking house building valued at $25,000.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 237
The present officers are: John R. Hall, presidenl ; I. I'. Steele, cash-
ier; H. S. Hartley, assistant cashier. The directorship is II. S. Hartley,
John R. Hall, T. M. Johnson, D. C. Goodhart, Joel Hall, Thomas C.
Hall and I. P. Steele.
The new hank building was erected in [909, on the southwest cor-
ner of Broadway and South streets. In all of its appointments it is an
ideal, modern building, with steam heat and rooms for the convenience
of all interested. It is illuminated by both gas and electricity. The
structure was designed by architect J. F. Orr, of Cambridge, wink- the
building- was constructed by George I. Foreman, of Marietta, I >hio.
CAMBRIDGE LOAM AND BUILDING COMPANY.
The Cambridge Loan and Building Company, who occupy a beauti-
ful new business house on Wheeling avenue, at No. 814, was organized
February 27, 1885. This building is the home of the city officers and
the municipality affairs are here carried on on the second floor of the
thoroughly modern building. The lobby is one of the finest in this por-
tion of Ohio, being Italian marble of the purest type, the walls being
handsomely decorated and the floors of Tennessee marble.
This company was formed and the following directors put in
charge: W. K. Gooderl, A. J. Hutchinson, William Hoyle, \Y. F. Boden.
R. W. Anderson, Edward Urban and J. C. Beckett. The first officers
were \Y. K. Gooderl, president; R. W. Anderson, vice-president; J.
E. Lawrence, secretary; W. S. McCartney, treasurer. The last named
is the only original officer living.
Meetings were first held in the Burgess building, in rooms now oc-
cupied by Attorney George Dngan, then in the room above the present
Times office, and next to the Madison building.
There have been three presidents, W. K. Gooderl, to January 1,
1888; R. W. Anderson, from 1888 to April, 1902; O. M. Hoge, from 1902
to date. James E. Lawrence was secretary from 1885 to February, 1901.
T. R. Deselm from 1901 to date.
The present officers are: O. M. Hoge, president; A. M. Sarchet.
vice-president; T. R. Deselm, secretary, and W. S. McCartney, treas-
urer. The directors are O. M. Hoge. A. M. Sarchet. M. L. Hartley. J.
M. Logan, T. E. Cook, W. B. Green, W. N. Bradford. The capital was
originally $50,000, but in March, 1890, was increased to $100,000: Feb-
ruary, 1893, to $500,000; August 4, 1903, to $1,000,000. Tin stock
238 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
now in force amounts to $700,000 in shares of fifty dollars each. The
number of stockholders is now one thousand. This company loans only
on first mortgage property and has never lost a dollar yet and many
a poor man in Cambridge has been able to secure his home by this
method of making his loan. It is certainly one of the city's safe and
solid financial institutions.
BANK FAILURES.
There have been two bank failures in the history of the county,
the one of the McCracken Bank, in about 1867, which was said to have
been occasioned by the decline of wool, in which the bank had heavily
invested at the close of the Civil war period, when prices took a great
tumble and caught many of the best business men, merchants and
bankers from one end of the country to another. The depositors were
heavy losers. This bank had been robbed a few years prior to its
failure and among other valuables taken were some government bonds.
The thieves were never captured.
The latest and second bank failure was that of the Commercial
Bank of Cambridge, in June, 1904, when this institution closed its doors
and went into the hands of a receiver, it being a state banking house.
The two chief stockholders and officers both absconded and later it was
discovered that they had taken from the bank's funds money amounting
to more than $160,000. The capital of the bank was $40,600. Later in
that year one of the absconders was discovered living in Los Angeles
with his wife, and soon was arrested upon intelligence sent from Cam-
bridge, and he was brought back and stood trial. It was a long-drawn-
out case, tried before Judge Mackey, and the verdict of the jury was
"guilty." He was tried on many counts, but only one sustained and
that for the embezzlement of eighty-five dollars. The case was appealed
to the circuit court and the accused man was acquitted. The other
party connected with the bank failure was never heard from.
CHAPTER XVII.
MINI'S AMI MIX INC.
Every county has its special resources of wealth lavished on or
within the earth from which the children of men may subsist, if perchance
they take advantage of such hidden treasures. The Creator has pro-
vided the raw material, and mankind must needs dig and delve and bring
such deposits to the surface and appropriate them to their use and
comfort. Here in Guernsey county, while the soil is not of that rich,
productive character found in other sections of the country, it has
stored beneath the surface rich coal fields and rich deposits of clay of
various grades, from which brick, tile and pottery are successfully man-
ufactured.
Coming to the matter of coal — bituminous or soft coal, as it is
usually known — this chapter will speak especially, and incidentally of
clays, gas and salt found here in commercial paying quantities.
The subject of mines and mining and of geology is to the ordinary
reader a dry topic and is of most interest and value to the technical
student of such sciences. From the earliest date it was known by
pioneers that this count}' contained coal. Just what its value might be
none of the first settlers knew or even conjectured. Wood was plenti-
ful then and the matter of heating the cabins, business places, schools
and churches was of but little consequence to the hardy pioneers who
first set stakes in this goodly count)' away back in the hist years of the
nineteenth century.
Coal mining in this county was not developed to any great ex-
tent until in the seventies and early eighties, after railroads had pene-
trated this territory and given an outlet for the coal product.
At other places in this work some of the early coal mines have
been referred to, hence need not be repeated here. The only object of
this chapter is to make a lasting record of the coal mining industry at
this, the close of the first decade of the twentieth century, t fiat other
men in later decades may have a report of it. The facts herein have
been largely extracted from the chief mine inspector's report.
24O GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Ohio had in 1908 (last official report) 50,276 men employed in the
coal mines of the state. Of this number 112 were killed. Seventeen
per cent of the coal mined was by the pick process and eighty-two by
the machine process. The total tonnage mined in Ohio was
26,287,000. There are thirty counties in Ohio in which coal is mined
commercially.
Guernsey county produced 1,985,248 tons of lump coal; 303,586
in nut coal; 637,614 tons of pea and slack coal, making a total of
2,926,448 tons. The rank among the other twenty-nine counties was
fourth. Of this total tonnage, 41,673 tons was of the pick process of
mining, while 2,884,775 tons were of the machine mine process. In the
one hundred and twenty-nine pick mines there were one hundred and
forty-one days worked and the amount of 30,304 tons produced in the
county, or an average of one and six-tenths tons per day. The average
cut of coal for each machine, per day, was thirty-seven tons. The total
number of kegs of powder employed in the mines in 1908 was 18,904.
The number of tons produced by each man employed about the mines of
Guernsey county was, for that year, 595.
There were three new mines opened up in 1908 in this county,
three suspended and one abandoned. There are twenty-nine "large
mines" in this county and twenty-three "small ones," making a total
of fifty-two mines being operated today. Of these, twenty-three are
drift mines ; thirteen, slope mines, and fifteen, shaft mines, making the
total fifty-one. In these mines are used various ventilating methods.
In twenty-five there are used fans, in twenty, "natural."
Of accidents in Guernsey county in 1908, there were eighty-three;
sixteen fatal accidents ; forty-eight serious accidents and nineteen minor
accidents.
Guernsey county is within the fifth Ohio coal district, which is
composed of Guernsey, Coshocton, Tuscarawas and parts of Belmont and
Noble counties. W. H. Turner was inspector for this district and re-
sided at Cambridge in 1908. He made one hundred and twenty-two
visits to mines within this county that year.
All mines in this county are working the No. Seven seam, which
runs from five to seven feet in thickness, except Indian Camp, Union
No. 1 and Morris, which are working No. Six seam, varying from two
feet four inches to three and a half feet.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 24 1
DESCRIPTION 01 THE LARGE MINES.
Eureka mine, operated by the Cambridge Coal and Mining Com-
pany, of Parkersburg, West Virginia, is a slope, two hundred and
twenty-five feet long, located on the Pennsylvania railroad, near Byes-
ville. Eighteen miners arc employed. About seventy-five thousand dollars
were expended before any results were had in this mine.
Ideal mine is a shaft seventy-five feet deep, located near Byesville,
and is wned and operated by the Cambridge Collieries Company, Cleve-
land. Fan ventilation and electric mining machinery are used.
Walhonding No. i, owned by the Cambridge Collieries Company,
is a shaft mine one hundred and twenty-five feet deep, near Pleasant
City. Ninety-four miners and thirty day hands are kept at work.
Walhonding Xo. 2. owned by the Cambridge Collieries Company.
is a shaft one hundred and sixty-one feet deep, located a mile and a half
from Buffalo, on the line of the Baltimore & Ohio (eastern branch), and
here modern improvements obtain.
The Hartford, operated by the above company, with W. H. Davis, of
Byesville, as managed, is a shaft mine eighty-five feet deep, on the Bal-
timore & ( )hio railroad. It has fan ventilation and electric machinery
for mining. Here one hundred and eighty men are employed and
fifty-seven day men.
Trail Run No. 1, also the property of the above collieries company,
is a shaft mine seventy-five feet deep, situated near Trail run, on the
Pennsylvania road. Fan ventilation and electric machines are installed.
One hundred and nine miners are employed and fifty-nine day men.
Trail Run No. 2, operated by the same coal company, is a shaft mine
one hundred and twelve feet deep, uses fans and has electric appliances.
Two hundred miners find work in this extensive mine.
The Detroit mine, owned by the Cambridge Collieries Company, is
a shaft one hundred and eighty-five feet in depth, near Ava. Fan ven-
tilation and electric machines are used in operating the mines. One
hundred and seventy-five miners are worked at this mine and seventy-
five day hands.
Midway mine is located near Byesville, on the Pennsylvania road.
Fifty-one men are used in mining coal here. Fan ventilators and electric
machines are employed here.
Blue Bell mine is a shaft eighty-five feet deep, located near Blue
(16)
242 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Bell. Ohio, and operated by the Cambridge Collieries Company. Here
about one hundred and fifty men are employed.
Imperial mine is located at Derwent, this county, on the Pennsyl-
vania road; is a shaft mine one hundred and ten feet deep. It is oper-
ated by the Imperial Coal Company. Fan ventilation and electric
mining machines obtain.
Ohio Xo. I, a drift mine near Cambridge, on the Pennsylvania
railroad, is owned by the O'Gara Coal Company. Chicago. Thirty-
two miners are worked here and fourteen day hands. This was called
Nicholson No. i.
Ohio No. 2, owned as above, is a shaft mine sixty-five feet deep.
One hundred and thirty-two miners are employed and fifty day men.
Red Oak mine, located near Byesville, operated by J. R. McBurney,
Cambridge, has a furnace ventilation, compressed air mining and pump-
ing appliances. Twenty men find work here and five day hands.
Murray Hill slope mine, near Klondyke on the Baltimore & Ohio
railroad, is operated by the Akron Coal Company. Forty miners and
sixteen day men are employed.
Klondyke slope mine is situated near Klondyke, Ohio, and is a
hundred and fifty foot slope mine, employing ninety miners and thirty-
one clay men. Several accidents have occurred here.
King's mine, operated by the Morris Coal Company, of Cleveland,
is a shaft mine one hundred feet deep, near Lore City, employing two
hundred miners and eighty day men.
Old Orchard mine is operated by the Morris Coal Company, of
Cleveland, is a shaft mine forty-eight feet deep, near Mineral Siding.
Black Top mine, owned by the last named company, is located in
this county and employs one hundred and thirty-four men.
Cleveland mine No. I is a shaft almost two hundred feet deep, lo-
cated near Senecaville and is operated by the Morris Coal Company.
One hundred and thirty-five miners are employed and forty-eight day
men.
West Branch mine is located near Byesville, operated by the Clin-
ton Coal and Mining Company; is a sixty-five foot slope mine on a
switch of the Pennsylvania railroad. Coal was discovered here in 1903.
Buckeye mine, located near Byesville, is operated by the National
Coal Company. It is a hundred and fifteen foot slope. One hundred
and eighteen men are employed as miners and thirty-five day men.
Little Kate No. 2 is a slope mine three hundred feet long, and is
GUERNSEY COUNTY, 0. 243
on a switch leading from the Baltimore & Ohio road, near Blue Bell.
It is owned and operated by the National Coal Company of Akron.
Thirty-three miners and eighteen day men are employed.
White Ash mine is located near Byesville and is operated by the
Puritan Coal Company, Cambridge. Fan ventilation and electric min-
ing machines are employed. Here twenty-four miners and eight day
men are employed.
The Puritan mine, owned by the Puritan Coal Company, Cam-
bridge, is a shaft one hundred and six feet deep, situated near Derwent,
on the Pennsylvania railroad. It has fan ventilation and employs one
hundred and twenty-seven miners and forty-two day men.
The Forsythe mine, located near Mineral Siding, is a slope of
one hundred and ten feet in depth. Here one hundred and seventy-six
miners find employment and fifty-eight day men. It is owned by the
Forsythe Coal Company, Cambridge.
Leatherwood No. 2 mine is operated by the Leatherwood Consoli-
dated Coal Company, of Toledo. Fifty-three miners are employed and
tw enty-one day men.
Guernsey Brick mine, situated near Byesville. is operated by the
Guernsey7 Clay Company. Furance ventilation, picking and mule hauling
are the mining methods employed here. Nine men are employed as
miners and two day hands.
Indian Camp is a drift mine located near Union No. I, and is oper-
ated by the same company as the last named.
SMALLER MINES OF THE COUNTY.
Besides the larger coal mines in Guernsey' count}' may be named
the Eollowing: The Morris, Burn's, Wild Cat, Keenan, Carter. Hollings-
worth, B. L. Galloway, Webster No. 1, Webster No. 2. Montgomery,
Saver, Hall, McCormick, Spencer, Bates, Lingo and Briar Hill.
In the way of fire clays, there was mined in this county in 1908, five
thousand eight hundred tons of superior fire clay.
SALT MANUFACTORY.
We mentioned several months since that Elza Scott, of this vicin-
ity, who owns very extensive coal mines on the Central Ohio railroad,
east of this place, and who for a number of years past has been exten-
244 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
sively engaged in shipping coal, was engaged in boring for salt. Mr.
Scott succeeded in striking a very strong vein of salt water at a depth of
nearly one thousand feet, and his works are now in successful operation.
He now runs one furnace, and makes daily from twenty-five to thirty
barrels of salt, of very superior quality. It is estimated that the well
affords sufficient water to make from fifty to seventy-five barrels of salt
a day. Although Mr. Scott has already expended about fifteen thousand
dollars in the erection of his works, he intends soon to start another
furnace and run the well to its full capacity. We are glad to learn that
Mr. Scott's enterprise is being well-rewarded pecuniarily. His net daily
income from his salt manufactory alone is fifty dollars, and will be about
one hundred dollars per day after the erection of another furnace. —
Times, February 7, 1865.
NATURAL GAS.
Within about three miles of Cambridge, in a direct line, on the
premises of David Sarchet, Sr., is an inexhaustible salt well, from which
constantly flows a stream of salt water several inches in diameter, and
with it a large and constant supply of natural gas, which can be ignited
at any time by merely holding a lighted match near the flowing stream.
We have the authority of a scientific gentleman from the east, who
visited this well during the oil excitement here, for saying that there
is an abundance of gas flowing from this well to light up a place much
larger than Cambridge, and that it could easily be conducted here for
that purpose at no very great cost; and he expressed great surprise that
steps had never been taken to utilize so valuable a production of nature.
The subject is one which should sufficiently claim the attention of the
city fathers as to cause them to make such investigation of the matter
as to ascertain the feasibility of the plan, and what the cost would be,
and. if not too great, measures should be be instituted to light our fast
.growing little city with it. This subject is brought to our mind by
noticing an item stating that Erie, Pennsylvania, has been lighted up
with natural gas, that flows from a well sunk near that place. Informa-
tion in regard to the matter could doubtless be obtained by writing to
the Erie Gas Company, Erie, Pennsylvania. The subject, we think, is
at least worthy of a little investigation by our city authorities. — Times,
November 3, 1870.
OLD SARCHET HOUSE, BU
First house erected in Cambridge, in which was the
first store, in which the first church was organ-
ized, and in which the first funeral ser-
mon was preached. Location, north-
east corner of Seventh St. and
Wheeling Ave.
First Methodist Church in Cambridge. Dedicated
1S35, by Dr. Joseph M. Trimble. Building and
ground cost not more than $500.
CHAPTER XVIII.
THE CITY OF CAMBRIDGE.
Cambridge, the county scat of Guernsey count}', derived its name
from Cambridge in Maryland, from whence came many settlers in [808.
The buildings of the present city reflect the enterprise and plans of its
citizens and property owners. There are today more than five square
miles (if territory within its limits and it has a population of about fifteen
thousand, largely American and English-speaking people. The good,
modern class of business houses, factories, churches, schools and
residences bespeak of thrift, taste and wealth. Modern Cambridge,
from a municipal standpoint, is the direct outgrowth of splendid natural
advantages, supplemented by an untiring effort of progressive business
men. The coal mines in the immediate vicinity employ upwards of four
thousand five hundred men, who are paid good wages, while the mills,
factories and railroad shops employ fully twenty-five hundred more.
The city draws a retail trade from a radius of twenty miles and in this
territory reside almost fifty thousand people.
Its location is fifty-six miles from Wheeling and eighty-five from
Columbus, and its original plat is located in township 2, range 3. The
place was platted by Jacob Gomber and Zaccheus A. Beatty, June 2.
1806. The first houses were made from logs of the forests which were
a part of the tract of land upon which the new town was surveyed by
the pioneer fathers. Among the first of these rude, but quite comfortable
houses was that of the Sarchets. erected in 1807. and in which was kept
the first store. In it was organized the first church society ( the First
Methodist Episcopal) and in it was preached the first funeral sermon.
Its exact location was on the northeast corner of Wheeling avenue and
Seventh streets. It remained standing until recent years and is now
superseded by a good business house.
In a March number of the Cambridge Herald, in 18SS, the author
gave the history of what he termed "The Oldest House Tn Town." in
the following language:
The old three-story log building on the west end of Wheeling ave-
246 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
nue, now being taken down, is a relic of the past. The old logs are a
reminder of the days when the present site of Cambridge was a forest
of timber, tall oaks and poplar, which had stood the blasts of many a
western wind, covered the landscape, telling to pioneers the richness of
the soil. In those early days the more and larger the timber, the more
desirable the land. As we looked today at this old structure, logs of oak
and poplar, hewed to a line with corners notched square and plumb,
we were led to think of the boldness and hardihood of those pioneers
who entered the wilderness to hew out these ponderous structures. This
age would not be equal to the task. This house was built by Judge
George Metcalf, and was the second house built on the town plat. The
old John Beatty house, which stood on a lot now part of the Taylor
block, and was destroyed by fire some years ago, was the first. AYhat
year this house was built is not certainly known, but it was just a new
structure in 1806. when Thomas Sarchet settled in Cambridge. Built
as it was on the top of the hill, it was first two stories. It was built for
a tavern and was located on wdiat was intended to be the main street of
Cambridge. But at the time of its building, the principal thoroughfare,
the Zane trace, passed north of it. When the National road wras graded
through the hill, the cut, still shown on the south, was much higher on
the north side, and left the house high up on the bank. This was in the
year 1826. We may say that for twenty-two years it was a two-story
tavern. Judge Metcalf made the excavation under the house and built
in the under story, having it completed with the completion of the
National road through Cambridge in 1828, and from that time continued
the tavern in the three-story house, being the first three-story house in
Cambridge, and he continued to occupy it as a tavern up to 1843. The
name of the house has always been the Mansion House. Judge Metcalf
was followed by a Mrs. Greer, and she by George Hawn. These occupied
it but a few years, and it has since been a general tenement house for
more than thirty years.
Judge Metcalf's taven had a reputation far and wide. Man}- were
the horsemen who would, on their journeys, strive to make Metcalf's to
stay over night or for dinner. And the jolly stage passengers were more
jolly after having dined at the Judge's. We might fill pages telling of
the balls, quiltings and wool pickings, where ''joy was unconfined," with-
in the lo»- walls of this old house, when there was no "high crust" or "low
crust," but "men were men for a' that," and women too, "though clad in
hodden grey and a' that." In the rear of this old house was a beautiful
GUERNSEY COUNTS . OHIO. _'4"
grass plat, well shaded, where in the summer time the table was spread,
and art and nature vied with each other to make dinner or supper hour
a Feasl which the gods might envy.
In [812, the first company raised in Guernse) count) For the war,
commanded by Cyrus P. Beatty, were given here a free dinner, and later
on this grass plat, on great occasions, general muster or first court day,
would be lilled with tallies, and the clanking of knives and forks and
dishes told full well that good cheer and happiness surrounded the board.
We now remember of but one accident of note that happened at this
Old house. In the fall of the year [837, a horseman named Levi Morgan
stayed over night, and was furnished a room in the third store. In the
morning he was found lying dead on the pavement. It was supposed, the
window being up, that he had rolled out. There was nothing among his
effects to show where he came from. I lis horse, saddle and bridle, and
what little money he had, was used for the expense of his burial, and
for a stone to mark his grave, which reads:
LEVI MORGAN,
Died September _>_>nd, 1837.
"Be ye therefore ready, for in such
an hour as ye think not, the Son of
Man cometh."
EARLY HISTORY, SETTLERS, ETC.
(Published in the News in lsTiM
All classes of the mechanical arts essential to the wants in starting a
town in the backwoods were represented among the first settlers — car-
penters, wagonmakers, blacksmiths, cabinetmakers, shoemakers and
weavers. To build a cabin was but the work of a day. Many accounts
are given where the timber was taken from the stump, the cabin raised,
roofed and floored, with puncheons, and a regular "housewarming" had
at night in the way of "tripping the light, fantastic toe."
The first hotel opened to the public in the town proper was by
George R. Tingle, in a part of the old house still occupied by the Tingles,
Travelers were notified that it was a house of security and safety, by the
sign of the cross keys. A little later George Metcalf opened the Mansion
House, now the Sidle House, then a one-story building, and Captain
,248 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. <
Knowls opened the "Traveler's Rest," in the old log house that stood on
the Webster lot. At the close of the war of 1812 and for years after,
Cambridge could boast of six hotels in good running order, with open
bars where whisky was sold at three cents a drink.
The first store was opened by John and Thomas Sarchet, in the room
now occupied by T. C. Marsh for a cigar and tobacco store, in which was
retailed dry goods, groceries and the regular "old hardware" by the
gallon.
The first brick house was built by John Sarchet, on the Shoufield
corner; the second, front of the Fordyce house, by Jacob Gomber. The
sawed lumber used in construction of the first house was whipsawed by
two Scotchmen, named Landy and Miller, who had a mill erected 011 the
Presbyterian church lot, where lumber was sawed to order.
THE WHIPPING POST IN CAMBRIDGE.
On the whipping-post in Cambridge, Colonel Sarchet wrote in the
Times, in the spring of 1906, as follows:
The first session of the common pleas court of Guernsey county, held
in the new court house, was the August term, 1816. The journal reads:
"The court of common pleas was held in the court house in Cambridge,
Guernsey county, Ohio. Present: Hon. William Wilson, presiding
judge: Jacob Gomber, Robert Spears and Thomas B. Kirkpatrick, asso-
ciate judges. The first jury case called was: The State of Ohio vs.
Samuel Timmins, indicted for uttering base coin. The following jury
was called: James Thompson, John Tedrick, James Bratton, William
Pollock. William Allen, Hugh Martin, Jesse Marsh, Thomas Roberts.
Andrew McClary, George McCleary, John Huff and James Lloyd."
Samuel Timmons was found guilty in the case for the same offense, and
was sentenced by the court to receive, in one case, nineteen lashes on
his bare back, and in the other case, twenty lashes. He was whipped
on two different days. On the first day nineteen lashes and on the next
day twenty lashes. This was a case of speedy execution. There was
no motion for stay of execution or arrest of judgment. Elijah Dyson.
sheriff, did the whipping. It was done in the presence of the grand jurors
who found the indictments and of the jurors who found him guilty, and
others who were in attendance at court and citizens of the town. 1'he
whipping was in public. A large oak tree, perhaps two feet in diameter,
that stood near where the large elm now stands on the southwest corner
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 249
of the square, had been shattered by a windstorm from the wist. It was
broken square off apast the centre some eight or ten feet from the ground
and slivered down to the ground on the east side. This stump had stood
there for many years until the hark was off it. Its west side was smooth.
The prisoner was stripped down to below the waist. Then he was tied
by the arms around the stump with a cord and also with a curd around
his legs and around the stump. It was said that the lashes were well laid
on and that the blood flowed at every cut. This old stump was used as
a hitching post within the memory of the writer. Certainly at this day
this would seem brutal and inhuman, yet brutality may be protected.
This was the only case of whipping in this county. Judge Wilson was
known throughout his district as the "Whipping Judge."
There was introduced at the beginning of the present (1906) Legis-
lature a bill to re-establish the whipping post for the punishment of cer-
tain minor crimes. The whipping post law under the old constitution
of ( )hio was repealed by the Legislature of 1829-30. Gen. James M. Bell,
Esq., was the representative from Guernsey county and the speaker of
(he House. He opposed the repeal of the law. and in a speech favoring
lis continuance, gave substantially the same reasons as did President
Roosevelt in his message to the present (1906) Congress, advocating a
whipping post law for the punishment of minor offenses.
EARLY DEEDS MADE.
All about was a wilderness. The Sarchets were the first purchasers
of lots in the town, and, after the Beatty house, built the first cabin on
the town plat. The second Guernsey settlers came to Cambridge in
Tune, 1807. The deeds were all made to Guernsey settlers, except one
to William Marsh. The deeds to out-lots were not made until the county
was formed in 1810. In the fall of 1807 the settlement had grown to the
proportions of a hamlet, consisting of log cabins, located along the main
thoroughfare, now Wheeling avenue, as follows, and all inhabited by a
sturdy people: Thomas Sarchet, two cabins at what is now the corner
of Seventh street and Wheeling avenue, on north side of latter: across
the street to the southward were those of John Sarchet : on the west lot
on the corner of West Eighth street were the cabins of Peter Sarchet:
on what is now the National Hotel site were those of Tames Bichard,
and then on the next corner east those of Thomas Xaftcl : on what is
now the Doctor Ramsey and C. B. Cook dwellings were the cabins of
25O GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
William Marsh ; on the square from Ninth street to the Orme Hardware
Company building, south side Wheeling avenue, were the cabins of
Thomas Lenfesty, Mrs. Hubert, Maria and Charles Marquand, and to the
westward, across the alley, on the present J. M. Ogier lot, was the cabin
of his grandfather, William Ogier. With the exception of three cabins,
located on the north side of Wills creek, south of the present Pennsyl-
vania railway depot, which were outside the original plat, the aforenamed
buildings constituted the town of Cambridge at that time.
EARLY BUSINESS PROSPECTS.
The following, written in 1839, shows the business outlook of Cam-
bridge at that date :
For some years past there has been quite a change in the business
of this place. It is now no uncommon thing to see the streets thronged
with horses and wagons, groaning under the loads of produce brought for
the purpose of trading or for sale. There are seven stores in this place,
which sell annually about fifty thousand dollars worth of goods, and
it may not be out of place here to remark, that goods can be bought in
Cambridge as cheap, at retail, as they can be purchased on the river Ohio
or in the Atlantic cities. It will be discovered, by reference to our adver-
tising columns, that they keep up their assortment — a stock amongst
which can be found any article now in general use.
Besides the fertility of the soil, its peculiar adaptation to the raising
of wheat and grazing cattle, the citizens of the valley of Wills creek have
the good fortune to be blessed with salt wells in abundance, which article
can be had here at half the price it sells for in other portions of the state.
Coals of an excellent kind can be found in all the hills which surround
our place. The veins are generally from three to five feet, and the coal is
easily and cheaply obtained by -mining.
Nor is Cambridge deficient in morals, nor unthankful for its great
natural comforts and advantages. We have four churches, which are
generally well filled on the day of rest. AVe have also an academy in
quite a flourishing conidtion. Although it has been opened but a few
months, vet thirty-five or forty students may be found within its walls —
ami lastly, though not least in point of consequence or usefulness, we
have a public library, containing between seven and eight hundred
volumes of well selected books.
'I"he past dry summer — so dry, indeed, that the mighty Mississippi
i.l KK.\SK\ COUNTV, OHIO. _S I
dwindled to a mere streamlet— convinced our citizens of the necessity of
erecting a steam flouring mill. Three gentlemen have associated them-
selves together for thai purpose, and have already commenced opera-
tions. It is contemplated to have sufficient power for carding, fulling,
manufacturing jeans, sawing, etc. It is expected that this mill will be
finished against the period water mills usually sin,, for want of their
"peculiar element." The erection of tins mill will not only be a great
advantage and convenience to the citizens of the county generally; by
creating an increased demand for wheat as well as regulating the price
of that article, but it will, at the same time, vastly increase the business
of this place — a place, we are inclined to think, that will ere Ion- he of
considerable commercial importance. — Guernsey Times. January, [839.
At one of the sessions of the city council, an ordinance was intro-
duced— whether passed or not is not remembered — for the submission to
the electors of the city the question, whether bonds to the amount of
five thousand dollars should be issued for the purpose of erecting a city
market house. It may not be amiss to give a little of former market
house history. At the June session of county commissioners in 1827 a
grant was given the citizens of Cambridge to erect a market house on
the public grounds anywhere south of the court house, so as not to
obstruct the view of the court house from the main street. At the time
there was no building of any kind on the Davis corner nor on the Central
National Bank corner. The only buildings near the court house were
the old log jail on the east, located partly on what is now East Eighth
street, and a log house located on West Eighth street where the Brant-
hoover and Johnson building is now located. The market house was
located south of the jail and was partly on East Eighth street as now
bounded. A reference to the original town plat will show that there were
no streets marked through the public grounds. The street south of Main
and south of the public grounds was called Market street. Why this
first market house, built by the proprietors of the town and its citizens,
was not located on Market street of the town plat, we have no means of
knowing. The market house was built of brick, with pillars of brick on
the sides, arched from pillar to pillar, with arched entrances at the south
and north ends, and was in dimensions forty by twenty feet. The roof
had a wide projection from the square of the building on either side.
252 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Between the pillars were the sale counters, and at the butchers' stalls
were the cutting blocks and hanging racks. The stalls were rented to
the butchers and regular country hucksters. There were regular market
days, and the market was under the charge of a market master. On other
than market days people from the country displayed what they had for
sale at the market house by paying a small sum for the privilege. As
Col. Z. A. Beatty was the largest stockholder, his son, John P. Beatty.
was the market master, and as the Colonel was in the salt manufacturing
business, he kept in the market house salt for sale by the barrel or less
quantity, which was kept in a salt box.
For some years within the memory of the writer the market house
was continued, but gradually it began to decline. The market house
became a place for country people to hitch their horses in or to, and on
the old court days the athletes practiced in it the hop, step and jump,
and pitched quoits in it on rainy days. On the old general muster days
of brigade, regiment and company muster, in and around it were sold
cider, gingerbread, apples and watermelons, and occasional fights were
mixed in between the sales, and strolling auctioneers used it to cry off
their goods. Salt having been kept in it, the town cows and cattle that
roamed the woods and commons and old George R. Tingle's and Old
Harvey's sheep resorted there to lick the pillars and sleep at night. It
became a public nuisance. The pillars were half licked away, and instead
of the citizens going there to market, they went there of mornings for
their cows. The McCracken brick, now the Davis corner, and the
Thomas S. Beatty brick, now the Hanna corner, had been built, and the
Shaffner brick, now the Central Bank corner, was in building when it
was thought the market house nuisance ought to be abated, but how, was
the question. It was private property, constructed by a grant from the
commissioners. There was no town corporate authority. Some young
men, most all of whom are now dead, proposed to give Bill McMurray,
father of Osmond McMurray of this city, five dollars and stand between
him and the law, if. some time late at night, he being engaged to haul
cordwood to town with a four-horse team, and a big. broad-wheeled
wagon, he would hub one of the pillars and pull the market house
down. The opportune time, a rainy dark night, Bill passed by it. and
hubbed the southwest pillar, cracked his long blacksnake whip, and away
went the pillar and down came the market house, and Bill and his team
went on the run up Main street faster than the street cars go today.
Col. Z. A. Beatty was then living; he made some threats, but nothing
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 253
was t'one. The village of Cambridge was a little later incorporated. —
Cambridge Herald.
CAMBRIDGE POSTOPFICE,
A postoffice was established in Cambridge in 1807. The firsl post-
master was' Cyrus P. Beatty, and then Nicholas Saithache, and from early
newspaper files it is discovered that the postmasters who served in Cam-
bridge after 1825 were as follows: 1826, George Metcalf; 1832, Jacob
Shaffner was postmaster up to about 1840, when the name of William M.
Ferguson appears at the end of the list of advertised letters; 1841, came
Isaac Mcllyar; 1844. William Smith; 1845, R. Burns; 1851-53. James M.
Smith; 1853, James O. Grimes; 1851-53, James M. Smith: 1853. James O.
Grimes.
The following is a complete list of the Cambridge postmasters, in the
order in which they served, regardless of the years each served:
Francis Creighton.
Edwin R. Nyce.
William McDonald.
C. L. Madison.
W. H. H. Mcllyar.
James R. Barr.
Alpheus L. Stevens, present
incumbent.
In one of the old newspaper files the following schedule of the early-
day stage lines and mail service has been discovered. The mail left
Bradshaw (now Fairview) en route to Zanesville, via Beymerstown (now
Washington), a distance of forty-five miles, making it in fifteen and a
half hours. Tt was a tri-weekly mail service, the mail being carried on
horseback. Fairview was laid out as a town in 1814. The card shows:
Mail going' westward, leaves Bradshaw every Monday morning,
Wednesdays and Fridays, at just half past three in the morning, and
arrives at Cambridge at eleven-fifteen in the morning': at Oliver, by four
in the afternoon, at Zanesville at seven in the evening. The item above
mentioned in the newspaper file was the reproduction of an old crumpled-
up paper wrapped up with some pills in a box, the same having been
carefully laid away decades ago by some careful housewife of Guernsey
county.
I.
Cyrus P. Beatty (1807).
10.
2.
Nicholas Saithache.
1 1.
3-
Jacob Shaffner.
12.
4-
William M. Ferguson.
13-
5-
Isaiah Mcllyar.
14-
6.
William Smith.
15-
7.
Robert Burns.
16.
8.
James M. Smith.
9-
James O. Grimes.
254 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
From the author's pen in an article written for the Cambridge
Jeffersonian, in October. 1906, the following was written concerning post-
office matters in this city:
"The west side of the lot, not No. 22, but No. 21, was not built on
till 1848. The postoffice had been down street for many years. After
the election of Gen. Zachary Taylor, President, it was claimed by the
uptown citizens that the postoffice should be removed toward them.
Peter Ogier had built by the home of Thomas Scott, the father of T. W.
Scott, of this city, a postoffice building on the northwest corner of the
lot. It was one story and contained two rooms.
"After the inauguration of President Taylor, March 4, 1849. this
building was ready for occupation by the Whig postmaster, William
Smith, who was soon after appointed. James M. Smith, his brother, was
his deputy. He was known as "lame Jimmy Smith." It was divided
into two rooms ; the outside or waiting room was large, and the room
for the boxes and office matter was large enough for the postoffice busi-
ness of that day. There were seats around the room for the accommoda-
tion of persons waiting for the mails to be distributed.
"At that time there were two daily mails, carried by the stage-
coaches on the old pike ; one from the east in the forenoon and one from
the west in the afternoon, that began soon after the opening of the old
pike. Before that the mails on the Wheeling road were uncertain as to
their arrival, and not always daily. There were regular tri-weekly mails
from Steubenville, over the grade road, carried in stages, but in the
winter the mails were carried on horseback.
"The postoffice was kept there during the Taylor and Fillmore
administrations. Some years later, the present drug room, now being
remodeled, was built. Dr. S. B. Clark had succeeded the Nattels, and the
store was known, both the old and the new room, as the Ogier and Clark
drug store, down to 1857, when Peter Ogier became sole proprietor,
the name being Ogier's Drug Store. After his death, it was continued
by his son. the late John M. Ogier."
The first postmaster in Cambridge, C. P. Beatty, made a letter-box
himself and it has served in such capacity ever since, with additional
fixtures as the times demanded them. The postal route was then from
Wheeling to Zanesville, and was established about 1808. Letters were
first carried by travelers passing through the country. The postal rate
was high and was fixed according to the distance carried. If from Phila-
delphia to Washington, it was twenty-five to thirty cents. The first
GUERNSEY COUNTY, 25;
post-boy to carry mail from Cambridge to Zanesville was John Magiffen,
who became a soldier in the war of iNu, and is buried in the old Cam-
bridge cemetery.
A P0ST0FFICE "PRIMARY" imiukm.
Cold primaries in April sometimes -row warm, and the exciting one
in this city April 2d with the Republicans was not an entirely new thing
in Cambridge, excepting, perhaps, as to the use of whisky, money, etc.
We now record the account of a Democratic one that took place
more than three score years ago. In April, 1X40, the Cambridge post-
office became vacant by the resignation of Jacob Shaffner, a Democrat,
and the following public call w.as issued:
PUBLIC MEETING.
"The citizens of Cambridge and vicinity are requested to meet at
the court house on Monday evening, April 20th, for the purpose of
advising on a suitable person to be recommended to fill the position of
postmaster in this place.
" V general attendance is requested.
"Many Citizens."
This meeting was organized by appointing Joseph Stoner chairman.
lie was the father of Mayor Jim Stoner, of Georgetown, and John Bute,
who was secretary, was an uncle of Capt. J. B. Ferguson, of this city.
It was understood that the persons voted for should be Democrats
and the ones receiving the greatest number of votes should be recom-
mended for appointment. The chairman's hat. a large, white wool hat,
was the ballot box. The Whigs turned out in force, being in the major-
ity, and decided that they would vote for William Smith, a Whig, who
was deputy postmaster. Chairman Stoner. thinking there was some
trick being played by the Whigs, declared the polls closed, put on his
hat, ballots and all, and adjourned the meeting. The votes were never
counted. While the leading Democrats were trying to agree on a candi-
date to again be voted for and recommended for appointment, old Billy
Ferguson had been quietly working, through his brother John, an official
in Washington City, and before the next voting time arrived, old Billy
received the commission and took charge of the office. The abrupt
closing of the polls by Chairman Stoner had the effect of securing the
appointment of the very man the Democrats were most opposed to. and
Stoner was accused of usurping authority in the interest of Ferguson.
256 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
The Democratic wrangle succeeding this appointment, for fear Van
Buren might be re-elected, did not cease until General Harrison was
elected, and Isaac Mcllyar, a Whig, was appointed to the office succeed-
ing Ferguson.
The Cambridge office became a postal money order office in the
month of December, 1871, and the money order business that month
amounted to two thousand, eight hundred and thirty-three dollars.
The money order business for the month of October, 1910, was
fifteen thousand, three hundred and thirty-seven dollars and fifty-six
cents, received on orders isued from this point, and four thousand, three
hundred and seventeen dollars on orders paid out from this office.
Cambridge had a free delivery of mail in the winter of 1898-99. At
first there were three carriers, but today there are seven.
The first rural route was started from Cambridge in 1900, and it has
increased to ten in 1910. The routes average about twenty-four miles
each and give the farming community excellent mail facilities, allowing
them to receive their daily papers the same as though they resided in
the city.
The postal savings bank system was inaugurated at Cambridge at
the close of 1910.
The office has been in its present quarters thirteen years.
FIRST TELEGRAPH IN CAMBRIDGE.
"On Monday last an office of the National Telegraph Company was
opened at this place, in the room over Nyce & Matthews' drug store,
and Tames D. Hoge, of Zanesville, appointed operator. This will be a
matter of great convenience to our citizens, and especially to our busi-
ness men. For the information of our readers, we have procured from
Mr. Hoge the following schedule of charges for telegraphing a dispatch
of one to ten words, and the charge for each additional word:
"For ten words to Wheeling, twenty-five cents; Steubenville, Zanes-
ville, Columbus, the same. From Cambridge to Pittsburg, Pennsyl-
vania, thirty cents. To Louisville, forty cents; Baltimore, sixty-five
cents; Philadelphia, seventy-five cents; New York, ninety cents; New
Orleans, one dollar and eighty cents. Two cents per word for each word
over ten." — From the Cambridge Times, 1854.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 257
MUNICIPAL HISTORY.
Cambridge was incorporated in 1837 and had for its first officers:
W. W. Tracey, mayor; Moses Sarchet, recorder. This was for the
"village" corporation. This continued until May 6, 1895, when the place
had reached a population of five thousand, nine hundred and seventy-
five and was then made a "city." The various mayors have served in
the following order:
1838— J. M. Bell. 1874— Ross W. Anderson.
1840 — Isaac Mcllyar. 1875 — Koss W. Anderson.
1841— Nathan Evans. 1878-1882— William M. Farrer.
1841— J. M. Bushfield. 1882— William Wharton.
1842— R. D. Solmon. 1883-1884— William Wharton.
1842— J. M. Bushfield. 1885- 1887— James E. Lawrence.
1844-1845— J. M. Bushfield. 1888— R. T. Scott.
(No record to 1855.) 1890-1894 — James R. Barr.
1855-1857 — Nathan Evans. 1894-1896 — J. C. Longsworth.
1861— J. M. Bushfield. 1 897- 1 898— H . W. Luccock.
1868 — Moses Sarchet. 1898-1900 — A. M. Baxter.
1872 — Elza Turner. 1900- 1904 — J. A. Small wood.
1873— E. W. Mathews. 1904-1908— W. R. Bradford.
1874— E. W. Mathews. 1 908-191 1— R. M. Allison.
The city offices are now in leased rooms on the second floor of the
Cambridge Building & Loan Company's block, on Wheeling avenue.
They removed from the Burgess building to the present place in 1910;
before that they were in the Taylor block for a number of years.
Since becoming a city the improvements have been many and of a
modern city-type. They are now over twelve miles of street paving and
about twenty-five miles of sanitary sewers. The city now owns its
water works system, constructed at a cost of sixty thousand dollars,
with a stand-pipe pressure system. Bonds were issued for these works,
and at present the city is about to enlarge its water works plant and
secure more and better quality of pare water, the present supply coming
from Wills creek.
The fire department is of the volunteer kind and is equipped with
an old "steamer," many years in use, and a good hook and ladder equip-
ment.
(17)
258 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
The streets are illuminated by arc lights furnished by the Midland
Power and Light Company under a ten-year contract.
From the city extends out through the surrounding country the
great National pike and other first-class macadamized roads.
The present officers of the city are as follows: Mayor, R. M. Alli-
son ; clerk, C. L. Blackburn, who is an old and capable newspaper man;
who is now serving his third term in this capacity; auditor, W. J. Hood;
treasurer, W. W. Lawrence; solicitor, S. C. Carnes ; director of service,
E. W. Boden ; superintendent of water works, J. I. Kidd ; director of
safety, J. E. Gregg; chief of fire department, C. C. Long; superintendent
of cemeteries, Charles Campbell; chief of police, John A. Long; patrol-
men, H. W. Merideth, John Middleton and J. W. Gilmore; Dr. W. T.
Ramsey, health officer; city engineer, J. T. Fairchild. The city council
is composed of the following: D. L. Rankin, president; J. B. Bratton,
H. A. Forsythe and J. B. Clark, councilmen-at-large ; T. W. Fowler, from
first ward; M. Thorla, second ward; O. M. Bayless, third ward, and
James B. Peters, fourth ward.
The corporation has its own jail, located in the rear of the city
offices, and it is provided with four steel cells, making secure those who
have to be incarcerated.
THE PUBLIC LIBRARY.
The early history of the library in Cambridge is best told by the
following correspondence in the Jeffersonian in 1879, and in the Times
in 1903:
We have on our table at this writing a copy of the "By-Laws of
the Guernsey County Library and Reading Room," adopted March 3,
1832, and printed by John Hersh, Jr., Cambridge. The society was in-
corporated by an act of Legislature, passed February 11, 1832, as at-
tested by W. B. Hubbard, speaker of the House, and William Doherty,
speaker of the Senate. James M. Bell was president ; Ebenezer Smith,
treasurer; and Moses Sarchet, secretary and librarian. At the close of
the little pamphlet is given an "Alphabetical List of Stockholders, March
7th, 1832," which we copy in full as follows:
John M. Allison, James M. Bell, John P. Beatty, Thomas S. Beatty,
Allen W. Beatty, David Burt, Sr., David Burt, Jr., John Chapman,
Thomas Cooke, Henry Clark, Wyatt Hutchison, John Hersh, Jr., Lamech
Hawley, Gordon Lofland, Samuel Lindsey, Rev. Daniel McLane, George
GUERNSEY COUNTY.
259
Metcalf, William McCracken, Andrew Metcalf, Robert B. Moore,
Thomas Miller, Robert J. McClary, Seneca Needham, Isaac Parrish,
Ebenezer Smith, David Sarchet, Moses Sarchet, Peter B. Sarchet, Wil-
liam W. Tracey, Rev. William Wallace. John Woodrow, Nicholas Bail-
hache. Hamilton Robb, John Bogle, John Nicholson, Richard (lark,
James B. Moore, John Baldridge, John Ferguson, Levi Rinehart, |ohh
B. Thompson, John (."lark, Joseph Bute, Nathan Evans, Samuel Wilson,
Andrew Magee, 15. A. Albright, Samuel Fish, Ansel Briggs. Of the
above list, hut five persons are known to he living, Moses and David
Sarchet, and James 1',. Moore, who reside here. Rev. Andrew Magee,
who now lives at Prairie City. Illinois, and Rev. Hamilton Robb, ex-
treasurer of this county, who. with his aged wife, resides at Mattoon,
Illinois. — Jeffersonicm, [879.
In the fall of 1898 at a dinner party given at the home of the late
Hon. Joseph D. Taylor, the library movement was taked of. and Mrs.
J. D. Taylor began the canvass. She secured one thousand eight hundred
dollars, taking life memberships in the association at twenty-five dollars.
The first meeting of the Cambridge Library Association was held Feb-
ruary 23, 1899, in the room now ocupied by the library, and which was
given free for five years by Hon. J. D. Taylor. At this meeting John
M. Amos was made president for one year, and John L. Locke, Esq.,
secretary. The one thousand eight hundred dollars secured by life mem-
berships was expended for books and furnishings. At the meeting of
the association held in April. 1901. the Carnegie libraries were talked of,
and a committee to communicate with him was appointed. As repre-
sentatives of this committee. A. R. McCulloch. Esq., and Rev. W. H.
Weir went to Xew York, and learned the terms upon which the building
would lie donated. It was steady work from that time on. First the
school board, then the council, agreed to make the necessarv levy,
amounting in all to one thousand eight hundred dollars a year to keep up
the library.
Then there was a hitch in regard to the desired location on Steuben-
ville avenue, just back of the court house. This property belonged to the
county, and a special act of Legislature was required to empower the
commissioners to give this site. All this done. Mr. McCulloch notified
Mr. Carnegie, and he received answer from him on May u, 1902, that
eighteen thousand dollars had been deposited to the credit of the Cam-
bridge Library Association. Plans were decided upon, and bids taken,
none being within the limit. Then some changes were made, and on
260 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
last Saturday evening the bids were opened and the contract awarded to
C. W. Dowling, of Williamsburg, West Virginia, for seventeen thousand,
six hundred and thirty-eight dollars. The building is to be completed
by August 15, 1903. — Times, 1903.
Before the building was completed it was found that the amount
donated was not sufficient to complete it, and Mr. Carnegie was asked
to give the balance, which amounted to five thousand dollars more,
which he kindly consented to do, making his total gift twenty-three
thousand dollars. The formal opening of the library took place Novem-
ber 17, 1904, with appropriate ceremony.
The present number of volumes in this library is seven thousand,
five hundred. Its present officers are: F. L. Rosmond, president; John
M. Arms, secretary; M. S. Burgess, treasurer; M. Grace Robins,
librarian ; Jessie Grimes, assistant librarian.
On the front of the building one of the two inscriptions reads "Know
the truth and the truth shall make you free."
THE CITY CEMETERIES.
The first burying ground in Cambridge of a public nature was the
one located overlooking the valley, and now almost within the heart
of the city. Of its lots and as to some of the persons there buried the
following letter in the local papers a few years ago by Colonel Sarchet,
will inform the reader :
We propose to give some history of the graveyard's silent occu-
pants, so far as the time-worn tombstones and our memory will serve us.
The rows of lots on the west side were first taken, as the entrance was
from that side. Here we find the Cook family.
Capt. Thomas Cook, of the Revolutionary war, settled early in the
history of Ohio, on the old Wheeling road, three miles east of Cam-
bridge, on two hundred acres of soldier bounty land, now the Winfield
Scott farm at the crooked bridge, over Cook's run, thus giving the run
its name. We suggest here that there is much unwritten history in the
runs of Guernsey county, as their names are taken from the early set-
tlers, or from some local incident occurring along them. Your itemizers
might trace the history of some of the runs in their localities. The
Talbert family, Nathaniel Talbert, known as Yankee Talbert, was a sort
of wizzard, a pow-wow over sick horses and a sort of "verb doctor,"
peeling the bark up for an emetic and down for a cathartic.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 261
The Tingle family, John and George R. Tingle, one of the early
tavern keepers, and the head of the Tingle family of Cambridge. The
Beatty family, Capt. C. P. Beatty, of the war of 1S12, and the first clerk
of court of Guernsey county. The Talbot family, Lloyd Talbot, a
prominent character and official in the early history of the county.
The Ferguson family is marked by two stones, one to the memory
of John Ferguson, senior, the other to Jane and Washington Ferguson.
In the northwest corner and perhaps in the part thrown out into the
alley, was the grave of a child of James Oldham, which was the first
to be buried in the graveyard. In this corner is a stone to Oren Cregp.
In the southwest corner Moman Morgan, the colored barber, was
buried. "Fobe" Beatty and "Dick" O'Ferrell, slaves, brought from Vir-
ginia with these families, were also buried in this corner. "Tobe" Beatty
was the first colored person to live in Cambridge. There is to the south
a stone marked for John Brown. Between these marked graves are a
number unmarked. The original plan of the graveyard seems to have
been a double row of lots, with a space for a walk between, and as some
of the stones face to the east and to the west in the same row. and
being unevenly set, it is difficult to trace the exact original plan.
In this first row is a stone to Robert Bell, age one hundred and seven
years, and to a son Robert, aged fifty-four years. The Bell and Ferguson
plots are side by side. These were early settlers and connected by inter-
marriage. In this row and in an unmarked grave lies Francis Donsonchet,
a French soldier under Napoleon Bonaparte, and father of Dr. Francis
Donsonchet, an eccentric character in the early history of Cambridge.
In this row are buried two who died from unnatural causes, Nelson
Talbot, son of Lloyd Talbot, was drowned in Wills creek. William
Tingle, son gf George R. Tingle, was bitten by a poisonous spider, and
died from its effect. Near the Ferguson and Lofland plots is a large
sycamore tree, planted long years ago by some one of these families.
In the next row is the Col. Z. A. Beatty square. There is no mark
except a stone erected to the memory of Margery Louisa, child of John
P. Beatty and Rachel Sarchet. Next to this is the Gomber square. The
old stones are so time-worn as to be almost illegible. In this is a stone
erected to the memory of Maria Gomber, wife of James B. Moore. Next
to this square are some stones, but the traces of the letters are gone.
They mark the resting place of some of the Thomas Metcalf family.
The next in the row is a monument erected to the memory of Col. Gor-
don Lofland and Sarah P. Lofland, his wife, and to Thomas Metcalf.
262 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
the first husband of Sarah P. Lofland and to the deceased children of
these marriages. Sarah P. Lofland was a daughter of Jacob Gomber.
In our history of the town we did not reach Colonel Lofland. as his
residence was outside the original plat. It is now known as the old
Lofland house. This, in the days of Colonel Lofland, on the large and
beautiful farm which covered all that part north of Steubenville avenue,
and west of Fifth street, to Wills creek, was a cozy place, and but a short
walk from town. It was the scene of many a jolly merry-making of the
young people of its day. Colonel Lofland was prominent in the militia
days, and during the late war, but was not a successful business man.
Northwood cemetery, the latest one established near Cambridge,
contains forty acres of high, dry and beautifully situated land to the
north of the city, on North Eighth street. It was platted in 1899. ^
is under a board of control, now consisting of Messrs. R. M. Allison, S.
E. Boden and J. B. Gregg, the latter serving as director of public safety.
These grounds are now well improved and have already many graves
and fine monuments and tombs erected to the departed dead of the
community. The old city burying-ground has become well filled and un-
fit for modern use. There rest many of the departed pioneers and their
graves are visited frequently by children and grandchildren.
The City cemetery, lying on the brow of the hill overlooking the
valley, in the southeast part of the city, was opened for use about 1858-59
and contains about seven acres. The present superintendent is C. W.
Campbell. It has not been used much since the opening of the new bury-
ing-ground— Northwood. It is only used by those whose family lot has
not already been filled. It is tastily cared for and contains many fine
tombstones and monuments erected to the silent sleepers, who comprise
many of Cambridge's best known old settlers.
RELIGIOUS WORSHIP.
The first place of religious worship in Cambridge was at the house
of Thomas Sarchet, where those Guernsey people held what was called
"French meeting." William Ogier was an ordained minister of the
Methodist Episcopal church, and Thomas Sarchet, a licensed exhorter,
who in turn conducted the exercises. From the nucleus of these Guern-
sey men sprang the Methodist Episcopal congregation. This society
was soon attached to the Zanesville circuit. The circuit as then traveled
was bounded as follows : Beginning at Zanesville, up the Muskingum to
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 263
the mouth of the Tuscarawas, up the Tuscarawas to the mouth of big
Stillwater, up big Stillwater to the old Wheeling road, and west on said
road to Zanesville, comprising as much territory in its bounds as is in
the Cambridge district. The first traveling preacher of any denomina-
tion that preached in Cambridge was James Watts of the Methodist
Episcopal church. It is worthy to be noted that this charge has been
filled by such eminent ministers as Bishop Morris, who lived here about
the year 1817, James B. Findley, John P. Durbin, Leroy Swarmstead,
S. R. Brockunier, Jacob and David Young, and Doctor Whiteman, pio-
neers of western Methodism. All the religious societies that have places
of public worship now in Cambridge, except the Protestant Methodist,
were represented by members among the first settlers that I have named :
but, except the Methodist Episcopal society, none had regular services
for many years.
After the erection of the court house the Methodists had religious
services every Sabbath in the grand jury room. In this room the great
Lorenzo Dow once preached, as he was traveling to the West.
The first church building erected was by the Seceders, about the
year 1826, on the Captain Anderson lot; but on account of some defect
in construction was soon pronounced unsafe, and had to be abandoned.
Services were then held in the lower room of the "old lodge." It is said
that two of the members would not "leave the house of God and go to
the house of Baal," but demanded their papers, shook the dust from off
their feet, and joined a congregation far away from the contaminating
influences of "secret oath-bound societies."
( For a detailed history of the Cambridge churches see general chap-
ters, where all denominations of the county appear under proper heads.)
TEMPERANCE MOVEMENTS.
In 1842 Washingtonian temperance societies were at high tide
throughout the country, and Ohio, that had just emerged from the hard-
cider campaign of 1840, took her place as one of the foremost among the
states in favor of teetotalism. The annual meeting of the Cambridge
Washingtonian Temperance Society was held in the Presbyterian church
on January 22, 1842. The sober second thought of the people was work-
ing wonders and rapidly spreading and extending the great work of
reformation. This meeting was addressed by Gen. David Tallmage, of
Lancaster, and Napoleon B. Guille, of Zanesville. General Tallmage was
264 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
the proprietor of the great stage line "Good Intent" in Ohio and he had
sent out circular letters all along his lines, requiring the discharge of all
drivers who had not signed the teetotal pledge. Niel, Moore & Com-
pany, proprietors of the great "Ohio Stage Company." had sent out sim-
ilar circulars. There was to be no more upsetting of coaches or drunken
drivers.
In 1S43 the Cambridge Washingtonian Temperance Society resolved
to make a grand temperance display and parade on July 4th with a free
public dinner, to which the temperance societies of the county were
invited. The tables were to be spread in the beech grove in the old mill
bottom a short distance east of the old Morton house. It was to be and
was a grand gala day in the cause of temperance, as well as an Independ-
ence day celebration.
The order of march from the public square to the grove, as given in
the program, was as follows : "Under the direction of Col. Gordon
Lofland, chief marshal, assisted by Maj. Nathan Evans, John Clark and
Jacob G. Metcalf; Fairview military company, Capt. Isaac Pumphrey:
Cambridge Mozart Band; officers of temperance societies and temper-
ance men ; Cambridge Sabbath schools ; county officials and lawyers :
citizens and visitors, men and women.
The line of march was down the old mill road. At the grove a large
stand had been erected near the long dinner tables, that had been con-
structed with forks and boards. Around great log heaps the meats were
being roasted and boiled and kettles of coffee were steaming. Piles of
bread and pies were stacked up around the trees in huge conical forms.
The exercises at the grand stand were opened with prayer by Rev.
William Ross, the Methodist Protestant minister; John Hersch, Esq.,
made an introductory address and read the Declaration of Independence;
an oration was delivered by Thomas Brown, Esq. ; temperance addresses
by Mathew Gaston, Esq., and Rev. George Clancy. This closed the ex-
ercises of the forenoon.
IMPORTANT EVENTS.
Black Hawk, the noted Indian chief, passed through Cambridge in
the spring of 1833, in charge of some United States officers. The party
stopped some time at the Hutchison tavern, where the stage team was
changed. The word soon spread through town, and a large number of
citizens, men, women and children, hurried to the tavern to see the great
Indian chieftain.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 265
On Monday, November 26, 1849, General Tom Thumb, the world
famous dwarf, then in his seventeenth year, and weighing but fifteen
pounds, appeared in Cambridge, and was on exhibition at the court house
from two-thirty to four o'clock in the afternoon, and from seven to
eight-thirty in the evening-. This remarkable specimen of humanity,
twenty-eight inches in height, gave a street parade, having a curious
miniature equipage of two of the smallest horses in the world, a diminu-
tive coachman, and a carriage proportionately tiny. Tom Thumb, or,
to call him by his real name, Charles S. Stratton, was accompanied by his
parents and attendants, in all, eleven persons. The price of admission
was twenty-five cents, children under ten years, half-price.
A small band of Mormonites passed through this place a few days
since, on their way to the "New Jersalem," located somewhere in the
state of Missouri. While here, they encamped on a bank of Wills creek,
in the rear of the town. — Guernsey Times, July jo. 1833.
The Guernsey Times of July 6, 1833, contains the following:
"Daniel Webster, in company with his lady and daughter, passed through
this place on Saturday morning last, on his return home from a visit to
the western part of the state."
At the election in Cambridge December 27, 1897, two issues were up
for solution — the voting of water works bonds and that for a new ceme-
tery. The votes stood: For cemetery, 254; against, 154. For water
works, 260; against, 136. The majority not being two-thirds, both issues
failed of carrying.
When Queen Victoria of England was crowned in 1837, the Cam-
bridge Academy held a service in which they, too, went through the
mock ceremony of crowning her. It was a high-toned affair, attended by
many of the, best citizens. The then boy of nine summers — Mr. Sarchet,
supervising editor of this work — lived to write of the good Queen's death
in 1 901. The occasion in Cambridge enlisted the best talent of the
Academy: a young lady, who later was well known in the city, was made
queen and the maids of service and honor were not a few. The queen's
long dress train was carried by the girls in real court style. But with all
that was English, there were some American features, too. "America."
"Hail Columbia" and other national airs were rendered, while the folds
of "Old Glory" were floating in the breeze.
The high water mark of March, 1907, at Cambridge, excelled that
of 1884 by almost one foot and heat all previous records since the settle-
ment of the countv.
266 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
The first cars were run on the electric line between Cambridge and
Byesville in the autumn of 1903 (October 21) over the Cambridge Con-
solidated Company's line, later styled the Cambridge Power, Light &
Traction Company, but at this time known as the Midland Power &
Traction Company. The road was opened up to the Byesville limit five
weeks earlier than that date, but not clear to Byesville.
A society for the prevention of cruelty to animals, known as the
Guernsey County Humane Society, was formed at Cambridge in the
spring of 1907. Its first president was A. M. Baxter; secretary, John P.
Turner; treasurer, Mrs. J. M. Ferguson. The first person made humane
officer was U. G. Henderson. It is now doing much good in the county.
Cambridge has more slate roofed buildings — business and residences
— than any city of its population in Ohio, according to the statement of
1910 contractors.
In the autumn of 1874 the county and city were greatly enthused
over the Woman's Temperance Crusade, and in the fall of 1877 the great
Francis Murphy temperance wave struck the county and made Cam-
bridge its headquarters and by it many were rescued from the demon
drink.
The first electric street cars were operated at Cambridge April 24,
1902, by the Consolidated Company.
The Electric park was thrown open to the public in the summer of
1907.
LORENZO DOW IN CAMBRIDGE.
Lorenzo Dow preached twice in Cambridge; the first time in 1826,
the second in 1832. On his first visit his wife, Peggy, was with him.
They were traveling horseback. At the time of his second visit, the
writer was a small boy, but retains a very distinct recollection of the
event, and of the appearance of the strange, eccentric preacher, as he
stood on a stump, his horse standing beside him.
The news of his approach had been brought by the stage driven from
the east, some hours in advance of his arrival. It was noised abroad.
Those who had heard him on his first visit were anxious to hear him
again, and there were many citizens of the town and vicinity who had
never heard him. All were on the alert, and When they arrived at the
public square a large crowd of men, women and children were there
awaiting his coming. We were led by our grandfather, and what we
relate is rather hearsay than recollection we could have of his discourse.
He began the services by singing:
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 2C)J
"Hark! From the tombs a doleful sound,
Mine ears attend the cry,
Ye living men, come view the ground,
Where you must shortly lie."
With all his eccentricities, he aimed t<> do good. No one will ques-
tion that he did good. The biography of Lorenzo is in every way curious
and useful. He regarded the world as all going wrong, and that he was
born to set it right. He printed books and tracts, which he sold or gave
away on his travels through the western wilderness.
His subject was: "The Clay in the Hands of the Potter." The
political contest between Gen. Andrew Jackson and Henry Clay was in
full blast and his first sentence was, "I suppose you are all for Clay."
He then continued as indicated by the hymn and Scripture quotation.
After preaching, he mounted his horse and rode on eastward, spending
the night at Norwich. There he preached to a crowded house in the
Methodist Episcopal church.
In the assemby were two men, who were disposed to ask him ques-
tions. As they asked questions, he inquired their names. One gave his
name as Bush, the other Grubb. Bush had said: "You are talking about
Heaven; tell us how it looks." Dow turned his grave face and long gray
locks toward his questioners, and said with great gravity : "Heaven,
friends, is a vast extent of rich, smooth territory. There is not a Bush
nor a Grubb in it, and never will be."
He was the oddest kind of an oddity. His manners and sayings
during the years that he traveled in almost every state and town of
this country were given as widespread publicity by the newspapers as
those of the celebrated Rowland Hill. — From Col. C. P. B. Sarchet's
writings.
GEN. WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON HERE.
Gen. William Henry Harrison passed through Cambridge twice be-
fore he was the candidate of the Whig party in 1840. The first time he
was traveling to the east in a private coach, and stopped at the Judge
Metcalf tavern. The word was soon passed around that he was in town
and would hold a levee at the court house. The women and children
flocked to the court house to await his coming. The men. more impa-
tient, hurried to the tavern to greet him. From the tavern he was
escorted up the street on either side by General Bell and Major Dunlap,
268 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
followed by a long line of citizens, many of whom were old soldiers of
the war of 1812. Among these was old Sol Kinney, colored. He had a
string of buttons and a pair of bones, which he rattled and clapped, being
at the head of the line. At the court house General Harrison shook
hands with the women and children, and kissed all the babies. After an
hour of pleasant social greetings to all, irrespective of party, the coach
drove up in front of the court house, and the General, taking a seat on
top with the driver, moved off amid the cheers of the gathered multitude.
His second visit to Cambridge was after he had received the votes of
the Whig party for President in 1836. He was traveling to the west
by private coach, and stopped at the old Hutchison tavern. As word
had been sent on in advance that he was to pass through Cambridge, the
people from the country flocked into town. He had passed the night
east of Cambridge, and was followed from the east by a great train of
carriages and horsemen. He was received at the head of "Wheeling
avenue by the great crowd gathered to await his coming, and passed
down the street to the Hutchison tavern, the coach being surrounded
by the rejoicing and vociferous Whigs. The coach was gaily trimmed
with flags and bunting, and on the top a drum corps filled the air with
strains of martial music. A large number of Whigs of Cambridge had
made ready to escort him to Zanesville. After dinner the great caval-
cade moved down through the street, which was lined on either side by
the citizens, men. women and children, cheering for "Old Tip." This
was ihe beginning of what three years later was to be the most memor-
able political campaign in the nation's history. General Harrison did
not visit Cambridge in 1840, neither did Tom Corwin, to make a speech.
He was prevented from being at the great '40 meeting by sickness, but
he was represented at the great joint rally of Guernsey and Belmont
counties at Fairview. At this meeting an old Democrat had made the
declaration that he was going to tell Tom Corwin that he was a dema-
gogue. So the old fellow took a position near the speaker's stand, and
when the opportune time came he looked up at Corwin, and said, "You
are nothing but a demagogue." Corwin turned and looked at him for a
moment, and said: "If you were wrapped with willows you would be
a demijohn." — C. P. B. Sarchet, in Cambridge Herald, 1897.
LOXG-AGO CAMBRIDGE INCIDENTS.
The first house in what is now Gaston's addition was built by "Katy"
Whetzel, who built a cabin on the north end of the T- C. Beckett lot. She
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 269
lived for a long time with Judge Spears, in Adams township, in the old tavern
on the old Wheeling road. She was said to be a relative of Lewis Whetzel,
the great Indian fighter, "whose gun was always loaded." This cabin, and
the first Methodist church, that was on the Simons' foundry lot, and the first
Methodist Protestant church on the present site were all the houses in this
part of town sixty years ago. Over the creek all was woods, except a small
field known as "Beatty's meadow." In the corner of this, about the site of
Mrs. Long's residence, were two cabins, in one of which lived General Jack-
son, father of the late Samuel Jackson. He was one of the old road team-
sters, before and after the building of the National road. In the other lived
old Tom Lawrence. Two of his sons were makers of history, connected with
the courts of Guernsey county. Andy was sent to the penitentiary at Colum-
bus for stabbing with intent to kill, and was among the first to be confined in
the first brick jail of the county. He was a teamster while at the penitentiary,
and engaged in hauling the stone at the beginning of the erection of the pres-
ent state capitol. John had an altercation with Jerry Nubia, a colored Quaker.
Jerry, forgetting the teachings of peace, went home, and "with malice afore-
thought," armed himself with a gun and went out gaming after Lawrence.
He shot at him from the now Mcllyar corner, toward the Davis corner, Law-
rence at the time making toward Nubia with a stone in his hand. Nubia
used a shot gun. One shot took effect, entering Lawrence's eye. The writer
and others were standing on the then McCracken corner. The shots and slugs
flew around us, rattling against the sides of the building, and came near
enough for us to know that we were in the line of fire. Nubia was sent to the
penitentiary for a term of years. Lawrence suffered the loss of an eye.
We had an opportunity of knowing the Lawrence family well, and as far back
as we can remember we heard of a great fortune that was awaiting claimants
in connection with this family. We think that not long ago we saw an item
to the effect that some of this family, living in the northern part of Guernsey
county, had struck a fresh trail leading toward this hidden treasure. It has
been more than two hundred years since Captain William Kidd. the re-
nowned free-booter and buccaneer, sailed from Plymouth. England, bearing
a commission signed by the king, to prey upon the French commerce upon the
high seas. He exceeded his authority, and became a great pirate, instead of
the "trusty and well-behaved Captain Kidd." He was executed in London
in 1 70 1. His name became famous, and was known in the ballad : "My Name
is Captain Kidd, as I Sailed, as I Sailed." He was said to have buried a large
treasure on the coast bordering on Long Island sound, the reward of his buc-
caneering. The search for it has been repeated off and on for all these years,
27O GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
and yet the "Kidd treasures" are an unknown quantity. And the Lawrence
treasure is still waiting, but it is with somebody behind the screen drawing
every now and again a fee, and the treasure, like Kidd's, is still hidden away.
Better to find the treasure, then buy the field.
On the east end of Wheeling avenue, in a small log house, where the
Hutchison house now is, old Mrs. Williams lived, like the "old woman who
lived under the hill, kept cakes and whisky to sell." This house was called
the "light house," as a light could be seen at all hours of the night. It was a
place for drinking and carousal, "which even to name would be unlawful."
Opposite! across Leatherwood creek, was the "Dixon sugar camp." All
around was a dense forest. One sugar season, old Harvey, living in town,
was running the sugar camp. He used for the back wall of his fire a large
poplar tree that had fallen out of root. The kettles were suspended over the
fire by means of poles and forks. One morning, after Harvey had started
up his fire, and was busily engaged in gathering in the water, he was surprised
to see a large bear drinking his syrup from one of the kettles. The bear had
taken up quarters in the log, and the fire roused him out a little in advance
of the close of the hibernating season. He was now disposed to take the
camp, Harvey and all, and for a time was master of the situation, for Harvey
retreated for town as fast as he could. He reported to old John Dixon that
the bear had taken possession, and was eating all the sugar and drinking the
syrup. Dixon was an old hunter. He hurried over to the camp and shot
bruin, as he was standing up at one of the kettles, trying to get out the foam-
ing syrup. This bear was of large size, and Harvey and Dixon made up then-
loss in syrup and sugar by the sale of the meat and the skin. We have eaten
bear meat once, but not of this one.
OLD WILLS CREEK BRIDGE.
Among the noted landmarks of Guernsey county is the old wooden, cov-
ered, double wagon and foot-bridge, spanning the yellow waters of Wills
creek at Cambridge. It must have been built upon honor, for it was con-
structed in 1828. has been in constant use all of these eventful years, now
numbering eighty-two. It is purely a wooden structure with a weatherboarded
covering and roof. Two wide passage-ways make it one easy of crossing.
The bridge, proper, is sustained by the same stone abutments which were
made of solid masonry in that long ago time and have never had to be re-
placed, or repaired. On the north end of this bridge and overhead, is the
original inscription placed there in 1828 on a stone tablet and it reads as fol-
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 2/1
lows: "$io fine for driving on this bridge faster than a walk." On the
south end — toward the country — is this inscription : "Built A. D., 1828 — J. P.
Shannon, Undertaker — L. V. Wernwag, Architect — J. Kinkead, Mason —
Keep to the Right !"
Had this old covered bridge but the gift of a tongue, many a tale it could
tell this generation of the noted men who in times long ago passed through
its passage-ways en route the old pike. Its timbers are seemingly as good to-
day as when placed there. It was made after the old style of building frames,
morticed and braced in all directions, with here and there a wrought-iron stay
brace and great forged bolts. In these modern times it has been lighted by a
series of electric lights, and will no doubt stand many a year yet, barring some
accident. Beneath its driveway has floated many a small craft on the creek,
when water navigation was in vogue and steam railroads were yet unknown.
A CAMBRIDGE NEWSBOY.
(From the JTeffersonicm, August. lsTT. )
"George Broom three or four years ago began the sale of newspapers
on the streets of Cambridge. He then carried but one paper, but added to
his list until he sold for all the dailies which sent papers here. He was
gentlemanly, and did the business in a strictly fair and honest way. His
patrons were pleased with his manner, and the newspaper publishers en-
couraged him in his trade. His business grew rapidly and largely. The great
interest in the state campaigns and the great Presidential contest witli the
long continued excitement as to the result, largely increased the sales of news-
papers, and correspondingly added to the profits. Young Broom in some
weeks made a net profit of from fifteen to twenty dollars a week. The profits
varied during the time he was in business from two dollars and seventy-five
cents a week to the sums stated. The net earnings of Broom footed up about
a thousand dollars, all earned as a street newsboy in Cambridge. By industry
and perseverance he laid the foundation of a successful business life."
He finally married and reared a family. His health failed and he re-
moved to Arizona and from there to one of the Southern states, where lie
died and was buried in the cemetery at his old home in Cambridge.
BOOM THE TOWN.
The subjoined original poem, from the pen of John H. Sarchet, and
sung for the first time at Cambridge Chautauqua, in 1900, runs as follows:
072 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Of all the cities east or west,
Boom the town. Yes, boom the town!
We love our thriving one the best.
Boom the town. Yes, boom the town!
Our factories all are on the run,
There's work for each and every one,
No tramps are found beneath our sun,
Boom the town. Yes, boom the town !
We've gas and oil, beneath the soil.
Boom the town. Yes, boom the town!
They wait to greet the sons of toil.
Boom the town. Yes, boom the town!
Black diamonds glisten in the sun,
And "blue core" wears till kingdom come:
Our streets are paving one by one.
Boom the town. Yes, boom the town!
The lab' ring man now has the pull.
Boom the town. Yes, boom the town!
His dinner pail is brimming full.
Boom the town. Yes, boom the town!
A "home, sweet home" he now enjoys,
With pretty girls and bouncing boys ;
A bank account with other joys.
Boom the town. Yes, boom the town!
The trolley ride we now enjoy,
Boom the town. Yes, boom the town!
With summer cars for girl and boy.
Boom the town. Yes, boom the town!
Chautauqua, too, has come to stay,
With fine attractions every day.
We pity those who stay away.
Boom the town. Yes, boom the town!
We number fifteen thousand now.
Boom the town. Yes, boom the town!
To keep it up all make the vow.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 273
Boom the town. Yes, boom the town!
Avoid the fakir on the street,
Turn down the agents whom you meet.
Our merchants can with them compete.
Boom the town. Yes, boom the town !
INDUSTRIAL CAMBRIDGE.
At the close of the Civil war the buildings of the town were mostly
the old landmarks of early days, but a new and more progressive era was
then ushered in and in 1882 there were more houses on Steubenville street
than there were in the entire place when the war commenced. In 1880 the
industries were confined chiefly to the foundry interests of C. P. Simons
Brothers, established in 1855 and which was operated many years, both here
and at Zanesville; a steam flouring mill, two planing mills and two boot and
shoe factories. In 1880 there was also established a bent wood factory.
The introduction of natural gas and the development of the nearby coal
fields has brought many factories and large plants in iron working, etc., to
Cambridge. Among the more valuable factories of the present city are the
following :
The American Sheet and Tin-Plate Company operates a very extensive
mill in Cambridge. It was established here in 1889, and is connected with
the great Pittsburg works, in a way. The raw material comes from the
Carnegie Steel Company. It employs more than eight hundred and fifty
workmen. The plant is well situated in the northwest part of the city on
North Second street. The local superintendent is C. R. Mcllyar. This plant
produces immense amounts of sheet and tin-plate iron, which finds its way
to various parts of the world. Cheap fuel and cheaper rents and other ad-
vantages caused the works to be located in this city.
This same company operates another branch mill here, established about
1894 on foreign capital. This is also a sheet and tin-plate mill and it now
employs five hundred workmen. Its present superintendent is J. E. Thomp-
son. The works are located just outside the corporate limits of the city,
in South Cambridge. These twin establishments are leaders in the numerous
industries of the city. They are both the property of the American Sheet
and Tin-Plate Company.
The W. A. Hunt Planing Mill was established in January, 1910, by local
capital. Lumber is shipped in from the South and Northwest, while certain
materials come from Ohio timber lands. Seven men are employed. This
(18)
274 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
factory is situated on Woodlawn avenue. It is the property of W. A. Hunt,
who conducts a good business.
A local industry of which the city is justly proud is the Guernsey Earth-
enware Company, who make brown, white-lined and enameled cooking uten-
sils in vest quantities. It is said that fifteen million consumers see the
"Guernsey" trade mark each month. This factory is located on Woodlawn
avenue and was established in 1900, as a purely local concern. From one
hundred and fifty to one hundred and sixty persons find constant employment
in these extensive works. The company was incorporated under the laws of
Ohio, Charles L. Casey being the president and manager and also the owner
of the property. The principal body of the earthenware here produced comes
from the earth near the factory and is among Guernsey county's minerals
of much value. From this material is fashioned the most beautifid cooking
and serving dishes, heating table supplies, vegetable crocks, coffee cylinders,
and many special designed dishes made to order for special customers.
The "Near-cut" Glass Works is another industry of which too much
cannot well be said in this chapter on the modern industries of Cambridge.
This was established in 1902 by purely local capital. The name of this su-
perior glassware, "Near-cut," comes from the fact that the clearness and
sharpness of the finish closely resembles the higher priced real "cut" glass-
ware. The sand from which this glassware is produced comes from the Han-
cock district of Pennsylvania. The works are situated in East Cambridge
and employ about four hundred and fifty workmen in the various depart-
ments. The present officers of this company are: A. J. Bennett, presi-
dent; W. C. McCartney, secretary, and G. Royal Boyd, treasurer. The
product of this plant goes out to all parts of the United States and is one of
Cambridge's permanent institutions of business enterprises.
The Interstate Iron and Steel Company, another modern iron working
plant of Cambridge, was established and first operated January 8, 1907. It is
conducted on outside capital, being a foreign institution, which gives employ-
ment to almost three hundred workmen. This is located in the manufacturing
district in the northwest part of the city. The raw material used in these ex-
tensive works comes from abroad, but it is of great commercial importance
to the business interests of Cambridge. The officers are : S. J. Llewellyn,
president; G. F. David, vice-president; George R. Stewart, secretary. The
same company has works at Chicago and East Chicago, Indiana.
The Pennsylvania railroad shops also furnish employment to about one
hundred workmen at this point. The shops are located in Southeast Cam-
bridge and are situated on grounds leased from the trustees of Cambridge
(U'EKiXSKY nil'NTV, OHIO. 2/5
township, the same being dated March 9, 1881, to continue in force at the
option of the railroad company for a term of ninety-nine years, for shop
purposes. The company pays all taxes and is bound to keep the property fully
insured. The present superintendent is J. C. McCullough.
W. H. Hartley & Sons Sheet Metal and Slate Roofing Works are located
at No. 616 Wheeling avenue. This plant was established at Quaker City
in 1870 and removed to Cambridge in 1892. It is an independent plant and
now has in its employ an average of fourteen men. It manufactures all
'kinds of sheet metal goods, slate roofing and furnace work. The gentlemen
connected with it are W. H. Hartley, M. C. Hartley and the M. C. Hartley
estate.
The American Bread and Pastry Board Company was established in
1898, as a local industry. They now employ three workmen. Their plant
is between Third and Fourth streets and Steubenville and Comber. William
Harris is proprietor.
The firm of Stewart, Wylie & Ault, proprietors of the flouring mills at
Cambridge, was established a number of years ago. They consume much
grain from the fields of Guernsey county and several thousand bushels an-
nually from the West. Five men are here employed in the business. The
proprietors are W. L. Stewart, C. W. Wiley and A. Ault. This mill is situ-
ated on the corner of Fifth and Turner streets. An excellent grade of flour
is made at these mills.
The Forney Lumber and Planing Mill, a live industry of Cambridge,
was established in 1889 and now employs eight workmen. The mill is located
on Dewey avenue, near the old covered bridge. Charles W. Forney is the
proprietor. An extensive business is here carried on in both lumber and
planing mill work.
The Hoyle & Scott Planing Mills were established in 1886, but an older
firm began there many years prior to that date. Their lumber comes largely
from West Virginia and the Southern states. Fifteen men find constant em-
ployment at these mills, which are located on Third street and Wheeling
■avenue, while the lumber yards are on Steubenville avenue. The present pro-
prietors are William Hoyle and J. W. Scott.
Another and leading industry of modern Cambridge is the chair factory
of Suitt Brothers, established in 1906 (under the present company), located
on Third and Gomber street. Chairs, and especially high grade rockers, are
here manufactured from wood coming from Massachusetts, North Carolina
and Tennessee. From fifty to sixty men are constantly employed and the
finest of modern machinery is used in the production of first class goods.
276 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
The president of this company is W. C. Suitt ; the present secretary and
treasurer is Jay W. Campbell.
The Cambridge Roofing Company was established in 1882, as an inde-
pendent local company. It now employs sixty-eight men. The works are
located on West Wheeling avenue and the officers are W. H. Taylor, presi-
dent; H. C. Hanbrook, vice-president; J. R. McBurney, secretary. This
same company also manufacture gloves and overalls from goods made in
Xew England and South Carolina. Each of these industries represents a
separate department of the same company of manufacturers.
A CAMBRIDGE FIRE.
On Saturday, November 21, 1891, at two-thirty P. M., the alarm of fire
resounded through the city of Cambridge. Promptly responding to the sum-
mons, the firemen discovered that the block that occupied the square on
Wheeling avenue, between Sixth street and the alley east toward Seventh,
was the scene of a devastating fire. It was found that the flames were making
headway in the attic over the C. & M. general offices and in the furniture store
of McDonald & McCollum.
Every effort was made to prevent the fire from spreading, but despite
the gallant service of the firemen and the bucket brigades, it was not checked
until thousands of dollars' worth of property had been consumed. The fol-
lowing is an accurate report of the losses :
J. H. McKinney, lost about two-thirds of his stock of groceries, valued
at $2,000; insurance, $1,000.
Campbell & Carlisle had oils stored in McKinney's cellar valued at
$1,000; insurance, $500.
J. M. Nelson's candy store was not damaged at all, and everybody con-
gratulated the energetic young man.
C. Ayre & Company's stock of dry goods, carpets, etc., valued at $30,000,
insured for $15,000. But a small amount of goods saved, and they in dam-
aged condition.
H. C. Hornbrook's stock of boots and shoes, valued at $8,000, saved
a part of his best goods ; insurance, $2,000.
McDonald & McCollum, the furniture dealers, piled their rear ware-
rooms full of goods, and removed all from the rear rooms to places of safety,
but lost all in the front main room. This rear wareroom was sided and roofed
with iron, and they fastened up all doors and windows with iron sheeting, and
this building, crowded with goods, was saved. Their loss was $1,650, in-
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 277
sured for $750. The loss of Colonel Taylor, owner of the buildings, among
which was the Berwick Hotel, was found to he approximately $60,000, with
insurance of $38,000. The total loss of buildings and goods was estimated
at $100,000.
The town was visited by a tire that promised for a little while to be
very destructive, on Wednesday night, December 26, 1888. Fire was dis-
covered shortly after ten o'clock in the butcher shop of Robert W. Nichol-
son, attached to the new two-story frame building recently erected by Hon.
E. W. Mathewson, Seventh street, just north of Broom's grocery and Kyle's
marble shop, and before the department was summoned the shop was wrapped
in flames.
The department responded promptly, but the same plug in the boiler
sheet of the fire engine which blew out in the Arcade fire in October, 1887,
blew out before a stream of water was thrown-, and the engine and hose
companies were consequently disabled. The hook and ladder company went
to work at once, however, vigorously and intelligently, and did splendid
work. Bucket lines were formed, and the flames kept in check, and the walls
of the burning residences, to which the flames quickly communicated, were
pushed inward, and the spread of the fire to the wooden buildings close In-
effectually prevented. The loss was about one thousand two hundred dollars,
partly covered by insurance.
THE FIRE OF 1895.
Both Cambridge papers of October 3, 1895, contain full details of the
devastating fire which swept over the business section about one o'clock in
the morning of October 2d. The fire originated in the Davis livery barn, and
quickly spread across the alley to the stables in the rear of the Lyndon Hotel,
to Carnes' livery barn and to the residence of Isaac Turnbaugh and Dorcas
Savage. The blacksmith shop of Frank Johnson was next in line, and the
greedy flames hungrily consumed all that came in their path.
In an hour, the rear of Monumental Hall was on fire. This led directly
to the Taylor block and toward the Berwick Hotel. George Shairer's resi-
dence and saloon, John M. Richardson's residence and restaurant. Downer's
drug store, and the Lyndon Hotel building came next. The flames spread
rapidly. Doctor Moore's drug store was burned to smouldering ashes.
On the east and west the fire was checked by the Lenfesty block, thus
278 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
saving the Times office, Guernsey National Bank, postoffice, Wolff's store,
and the halls and offices in that large building.
The fire spread down Wheeling avenue from Monumental Hall, con-
suming Schau's bakery and restaurant, Mrs. Forsythe's millinery and no-
tion store, Carlisle & Grimes' hardware, Nelson's confectionery and news
stand, the C. & M. general offices, R. T. Scott's and A. R. McCulloch's law
offices, school room and lodge hall, Gillespie & McCulley's furniture, Steele's
grocery and Hornbrook's shoe store. The fire was checked on the west by
the fire wall of the Berwick Hotel,. thus saving C. Ayre's store and the new
hotel.
Among the valuable property destroyed was Colonel Taylor's private
library, containing many rare and valuable books that cannot be replaced,
and Scott and McCulloch's law libraries. Much property was saved by being
hauled and carried to places of safety, some of it badly damaged. Arnold &
Barber had removed their shoe store to the new room in the Lyndon building
and were ready to begin business the following morning. They promptly
loaded their goods up and brought them up to their old stand at J. O. Mc-
Ilyar's.
A TERRIBLE DEATH.
The saddest feature of the fire was the death of Frank Law. He and
"Chuck" Creighton were sleeping on cots in the little office in the southeast
corner of Davis' stable. Creighton was awakened by the roar of flames. He
succeeded in awakening Law, and then made his escape by jumping out the
window. Exit by the door was cut off by flames. Hours later, the blackened,
charred body of La"w was found in the ruins, under a pile of bricks. It was
one of the most tragic deaths which ever occurred in Cambridge.
LOSSES, INSURANCE, ETC.
J. W. Davis & Son estimated their loss at $5,000, insurance $1,000.
Eight of their horses were burned outright, or so badly injured that they
had to be killed. James T. Cain's driving mare was burned. W. H. Mc-
Ilyar's horse was badly burned, but escaped from the stable. Among those
burned in the stable were the beautiful matched chestnuts, so well known
to every citizen. They were side by side in their death agony. The old horse
that hauled the express wagon was not injured.
George Schairer saved a part of his saloon fixtures and household
goods. Insurance on building and household goods, about $3,500.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 2JQ
J. M. Richardson saved a portion of his goods. The building and res-
taurant were insured for $1,800.
Carnes' barn was entirely destroyed, horses and carriages all saved.
Insurance on the barn and contents, $1,800.
Carlisle & Grimes lost everything in the store except some powder, which
was brought off to a safe place. They saved their horses and dray, that were
in a stable that was destroyed; loss, $10,000; insurance, $7,500. They at
once began business in their warehouse near the C. & M. depot.
J. M. Nelson saved but little. Loss almost total; insurance, $400.
C. Ayre got a large part of his goods out of the rooms, and later re-
arranged them in the same rooms, and went ahead.
H. C. Hornbrook got a portion of his stock to places of safety. His
room will be repaired, as the roof was burnt off. Some goods were badly
injured by water.
The C. & M. general offices saved their books and papers, loss covered by
insurance.
Scott and McCulloch's libraries were entirely consumed, and were not
insured. Some papers were saved.
Harry Forney, the architect, lost part of his office furniture.
There was no insurance on Colonel Taylor's valuable library.
Gillespie & McCulley saved most of their stock. Their iron-sheeted and
roofed wareroom preserved the stock in it. This was the second fire this
wareroom had gone through, in each case preserving its contents intact. This
firm saved their goods that were stowed there at the time of the Berwick fire,
a fact favorable to iron siding and roofing.
Isaac Turnbaugh saved a part of his goods; insurance $500. Dorcas
Savage saved a part of her goods, no insurance. The Lyndon belonged to
W. B. Crossgrove; loss, $17,500, insured for $10,000, policy taken out only
the preceding Saturday. Dr. C. A. Moore lost fully one-half of his goods;
insured for $2,000. J. M. Logan's loss was $1,000; insured for $500. A. D.
Steele's loss was estimated at $1,300; insured for $1,000. Colonel Taylor
estimated his entire loss on buildings at $30,000; insurance. $15,200.
William Schau, the baker, estimated his loss at $800. A small part of
his stock was saved; no insurance. Carnes Brothers estimated their loss at
$2,000; insurance $1,800. Forsythe's millinery and notion stock was esti-
mated at $5,000. nearly all destroyed ; insurance, $2,500. The furniture of
the school room destroyed was placed at $200. J. R. Downar saved most of
his stock, and carried about $2,500 insurance.
280 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
There was hustling among the victims to find rooms in which to begin
business. They were difficult to find.
The origin of the fire was not satisfactorily ascertained. Thanks were
given to the fire departments of Newark, Zanesville and Barnesville for as-
sistance rendered in response to a call for aid. Women aided greatly with
pots of steaming coffee, so that the discomfiture of the brave firemen was
considerably lessened by these "angels of temperance and charity."
CHAPTER XIX.
ADAMS TOWNSHIP.
Adams, which is the central western township in Guernsey county, is
hounded on the west by Muskingum county, on the north -by Knox, on the
east by Cambridge and on the south by Westland township. It is five miles
square, containing twenty-five sections of land. The National pike crosses
its extreme southeastern corner, as does also the Baltimore & Ohio railroad.
It was organized as a separate sub-division of Guernsey county in 1827. In
1900 it had a population of seven hundred and seventeen. Cassel station and
a portion of Mantau are the only village plattings ever made within this
township. It is well watered and drained by the numerous small tributaries
to Crooked creek, all streams flowing to the southeast. Being close to Cam-
bridge, it makes that place its trading point.
The following, and possibly more, persons were seventy or more years
of age and residing in this township in 1876, and they represented many of
the pioneer families: Joseph Gleur, Robert Simpson, Samuel Lee and wife,
Robert S. Ross and wife, James Sharrard and wife, John Leech, Andrew
Hamilton, Samuel Wells, Mrs. J. H. Hammond, John Hammond. Abraham
Barnes, Samuel Maxwell, Samuel Patterson. George Estep and wife.
Joseph Guthrie, born in Pennsylvania in 1776, married in 1801. located
in Adams township, this county, in 1830. He died in 1855. They had
thirteen children and most of them matured into men and women of energy
and importance in this county.
Among the settlers of a later date may be mentioned Andrew Hamilton,
born in Ireland in 1816, came to Pennsylvania, and in 1863 to this county,
locating in Londonderry township, lived there twelve years and then came
to Adams township, where he possessed a two-hundred-acre farm.
Thomas Knox, who resided in Washington county, Pennsylvania, born
in 1799, accompanied his parents to Ohio and they located in Adams town-
ship. The date of his coming here was 181 5 and in 1832 he married Jane
Miller, who was born in Ireland in 1800. She had a wonderful history and
experience. She was captured by the British in 1812, while on her way to
America, and kept at Newfoundland two years. While there her mother
282 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
died. Later the daughter joined her father, who settled in Pennsylvania,
and from there removed to this county and married Mr. Knox. Her husband
died here in 1870 and she in 1874.
Robert Boyd was born in Ireland in 1798 and emigrated to America in
1820 and there married Rachel Frame. This worthy couple lived ten years
in Highland township, Muskingum county, Ohio, and then made a perma-
nent home in Adams township, this county. He died in 1874, the father of
nine children.
James Johnston was a native of Washington county, Pennsylvania, born
in 1795, and married Jane Mehaffey, who was born in Ireland. They resided
in Pennsylvania six years and then removed to this township in 1824 and he
died in 1868. He was a farmer and blacksmith. Their son Alexander was
sheriff of Guernsey county during the Civil war, with headquarters at Cam-
bridge. He owned a four-hundred-acre farm and was a very influential and
enterprising citizen.
John Mehaffey, son of Samuel, was born in Ireland in 1801, emigrated
to this county in 1812 and to Guernsey county in 1819. In 1826 John mar-
ried Nancy Murphy, who died here in 1864. He then moved, with his two
daughters, to Cambridge.
William Speer, fifth child of Stewart and Jane Speer, was born in 1818
and in 1841 married Jane McKinney and settled on the old homestead in this
township. Their family and descendants are well known in the county today.
Stewart Speer, born in Pennsylvania in 1783, married Jane Scott. They
kept hotel and farmed in Adams township from 1808 to 1812. In the war
of 1812 he was a lieutenant, and later became an associate judge. He died
in 1850 and his good wife in 1866; they had eight children.
John Work was born in Fayette county, Pennsylvania, in 1785, and
after his marriage to Nancy McDoll moved to Washington county, Pennsyl-
vania, where he died in 1850 and she in 1873. One of their three children,
John Work, born in 1834, married Mary Morrison in i860. In 1867 they
settled in Spencer township, this county, and after living in Westland town-
ship for a number of years, in 1875 went to Adams township.
Alexander Neely was born in Ireland in 1828. He and two sisters and a
brother left Ireland in 1849, and settled in Adams township, this county,
where he was married in i860. They reared a large and highly respectable
family.
John Sunnafrank was a native of the island of Guernsey, off the coast
of France, born in 1777. He was of German parentage, and left his home
for Virginia, where he remained until 1804, when he moved to near Cam-
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 283
bridge, this county, where he resided eleven years, after which he bought a
farm in Adams township, four miles from Cambridge, on the pike, and there
remained until his death in 1850. The children and grandchildren became
well-to-do citizens of this county and township.
Alexander Leeper was born in Pennsylvania in 1773 and his wife in
1777; they came to Adams township in 1831, locating on the pike, near
Cambridge. Their numerous family are scattered here and there, through-
out the United States.
William Calhoun, born in Ireland, in 1796, emigrated to Greene county,
Pennsylvania, in 181 8 and four years later moved to Washington county,
where he married Ruth Clark. In 1845 tney commenced a five-years resi-
dence in Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, but in 1850 settled in Adams
township, this county, where he died in 1871 and his wife ten years la,ter.
They reared and educated a family of eight children.
David Thompson, another early settler in Adams township, was born in
Ireland in 1774, and six years after his marriage the man and wife left their
native land for America and resided in Allegheny county eighteen years.
From there they moved to Muskingum county, Ohio, near New Concord,
and from that place went to Adams township, Guernsey count}-, in 1817.
The wife died in 1847 and he in 1859. They had five children, all of whom
grew up and settled in homes in this county.
Other pioneers were Benjamin Reasoner, Valentine Shirer. William
McCulley, Ellis Kelly and James Milligan.
CHAPTER XX.
CAMBRIDGE fOW XSHIP.
This is the sub-division of Guernsey in which the city of Cambridge and
the seat of justice is situated. It was one of the five original townships to
be organized in this county. It dates its precinct history, therefore, from
April 23, 1810. It has had its boundary lines changed several times, but at
present it comprises about thirty-five sections of land; is five miles wide
from east to west by seven miles north and south. Wills creek, the prin-
cipal stream of Guernsey county, meanders its way through the township
from north to south, with two large ox-bow bends to the north of the city of
Cambridge. Crooked creek also forms a junction with this stream in Cam-
bridge township. Other streams are tributaries to Wills creek, including
Leatherwood creek, of some historic fame as to its name. What are now
the Pennsylvania and the Baltimore & Ohio railroads cross each other at
Cambridge, the former running north and south and the latter about east
and west, bearing somewhat to the south. The old National road, or pike,
crosses this township on its course through Guernsey county, with toll
bridges at Cambridge.
Coal mining is the principal industry of the township, but agriculture,
horticulture and gardening are also carried on with fairly good success, as is
also stock raising. Its educational, religious and social features, having been
treated in the chapters including the city of Cambridge, will not be referred
to in this connection. The early settlement of this township has also been
mentioned in various general chapters, including the city chapter. It may
be stated in passing, however, that Cambridge township had the honor of
being the home of the first white man to locate within Guernsey county — a
Mr. Graham who invaded the wilds of this section in 1798. His was the
only dwelling between Wheeling and Zanesville.
CHAPTER XXI.
CENTRE TOWNS II I
As its name indicates, this is the central sub-division of Guernsey county.
It was organized in 1822 as a separate township. In extent of territory, it
contains about twenty-three sections. It is four miles from east to west and
six miles from north to south. It is surrounded by five townships, Cam-
bridge, Jefferson, Wills. Jackson and Richland. Centerville is a platted
place within the township's limits, but never has been of much importance.
The National pike runs from east to west across this township in a diagonal
course.
Concerning the early settlement of this township, it might be considered
that the list of the aged persons living there in 1876 — Centennial year — was
a good index of the early families and hence will here be inserted :
Hugh Miller, Joseph Eagleson and wife, James Eagleson, Katherine
Eagleson, John Luzadder, Nero Gilson, Benjamin Simpson, Nancy McCul-
lum, James Spence, Joseph Griffith. James Dungan, Martha Patterson, Mary
Kendall, Elizabeth Boyd. These persons had in 1876 reached the age of
seventy-six years and many upwards of that. Many of their children and
grandchildren still reside in this township and are the farmers, stockmen
and business factors of today.
William Norris, a native of Washington county, Pennsylvania, born in
1805, removed to Ohio with his young wife in 1834, settling in the north
part of Centre township, Guernsey county, where he soon after died. He had
a son, William, Jr., who became a well known citizen of the township.
John Thompson emigrated to this county at a very early day and lo-
cated on the banks of Leatherwood creek, in Centre township. He was born
in Washington county. Pennsylvania, in March, 1807, and died here in 1859.
Of their six children, four survived to manhood and womanhood.
Among those brave souls who braved the dangers of this then new wild
country in 1820, were William and Mary (Robinson) Thompson, born about
1787 in Washington county, Pennsylvania. In 1819 they came to Centre town-
ship and were delighted with the country and its promises for the future as a
home-building place for them. After making a preliminary trip, he brought
286 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
his family on and erected a cabin. The trip was made, with great danger,
in a wagon all the way from Pennsylvania. Within a few years he had
cleared up a hundred and sixty acres and purchased more land and built a
saw and grist-mill on Leatherwood creek, the first within Centre township.
Alexander Egleson was born in Ireland in 1783 and came to Pennsyl-
vania in 1819 and to Centre township in 1830. He and his family became
substantial and well-to-do farmers of this county.
In 1 84 1 came Samuel Nelson and wife from Pennsylvania, their native
state, and located in Centre township and here they reared a worthy and
industrious family.
Thomas and Ann (Pursely) Warne emigrated from New Jersey to
Ohio in 1802 and located in Wills township first, then moved to Muskingum
county, but in 1812 returned to Guernsey county, settling in Centre township.
Their log cabin home was once surrounded by water during a flood and the
family were removed on horseback. Mr. Warne was drowned while on a trip
to Stillwater, where he had gone to procure funds with which to prosecute
his claims for a large estate in the East. He reared a large and highly re-
spected family of sons and daughters.
Ireland furnished another sturdy son for the settlement of Centre town-
ship, in the person of John Boyd, born in Antrim, 181 8. His parents and
sister left for America in 1832 to seek a home in free America, and after
two weeks in the city of New York, landed in Centre township as soon as
they could well make the trip. The father was James Boyd.
Stout Patterson was among the hardy pioneers of this township. He
was known as Sr. Patterson and his son as Stout, Jr. The father was born
in Greene county, Pennsylvania, as was his good wife. They bought and paid
for forty acres of land in this township and there they reared a family, lived
and finally died. They came here in 1808, hence were truly "first settlers"
in Guernsey county.
William Clippinger is another pioneer who must not be omitted in Cen-
tre township settlement. He was born in Westmoreland county, Pennsyl-
vania, in 1781 and his Wife in 1779; both died in 1835. He and his son
William erected a rude log house and partly cleared up a small farm tract
before moving the family here. At the time of his death, he had bought and
paid for one hundred and fifty-seven acres.
Isaac McCollum was born in New Jersey in 1802, moved to Centre town-
ship in 1819 and lived here until overtaken by death. A son of this gentle-
man, Grey McCollum, served in the Twelfth Ohio Volunteer Infantry during
two years of the Civil war and was twice wounded and finally taken prisoner
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 287
and laid in Libby prison pen for six months, but later came home and lie-
came a good farmer and held the old homestead.
Craig is a hamlet midway between Cambridge and Washington, and
consists of about a dozen houses and a general store. It had a postoffice at
one time, but it is now discontinued.
CHAPTER XXII.
JEFFERSON TOWNSHIP.
Jefferson township is the second from the northern and the third from
the eastern line of Guernsey county. It is five miles square, contains twenty-
five sections and is in an excellent part of the county. Its history dates
from June 3, 1816, when it was cut off from territory formerly included in
Madison township. It is without town or village.
Its early settlers included the following persons, who in 1876 were re-
ported as still residing within the confines of the township, and had passed
the seventy-sixth year mark of life's journey:
Edward Bratton, Thomas Brown, James Clark, Caleb Cannan, John
Leeper, Henry McCleary, John Martin, Stephen Stiles, Andrew Stiles, Robert
Speers, Samuel Stewart, Joshua Smith, Harris Wiley, Jane Adams, Mrs.
Brown, Margaret Culbertson, Hannah Cannan, Mrs. Fairchild, Delight Gunn,
Mrs. Kimble, Elizabeth Lanning, Mary McClary, Nancy McMillen, Fanny
Stiles. Eve Taylor and Mrs. Taylor.
George Linn was born in Augusta county, Virginia, in 1768, and taught
school there until 1813, when he settled here on a farm. He married Pamelia
Matthews and they reared eight children. Their son, Cyrus, was born here
in 1837 and was educated at Athens College and to him and his wife were
born five children, well known in this county.
John S. Fordyce was born in 1808 and left his native town in Pennsyl-
vania fifteen years later for Harrison county, Ohio, where his parents de-
cided to locate. He married Margaret Shipman, who was born in Pennsyl-
vania in 1812. They remained in Harrison county eight years and then
settled in this township, where he died some years later. They had eight
children, John, one of the sons, being born in Harrison county, in 1837. In
1867 he married Hannah Allen, a native of Guernsey county. They first
lived two years in Madison township and then came to Jefferson township.
Jesse Thomas was born in Pennsylvania and lived at home until 181 3,
when he married and finally died on the west branch of the Susquehanna
river in 1822. His wife then lived in Winchester, this county, until 1849.
Their children were Samuel, Lewis, Charles and Jesse. Samuel Thomas was
born in Pennsylvania, in 181 5, and came to Ohio with his mother in 1823.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 2»9
He married and resided at various places in this county, until 1843, when he
settled in this township and operated a mill many years. He resided on one
place more than forty years and was infirmary director and trustee of his
township.
James Gillispie was born in Ireland in 1787 and emigrated to this coun-
try when eighteen years of age, working on a farm in Pennsylvania. In 1809
he married. He was a soldier in the war of 1812 and in 1831 removed to
Belmont county, Ohio, and ten years later to this township. He died in 1847
and his wife in 1841. His family consisted of wife and nine children.
The above represent a large majority of the early settlers in this goodly
township. Their descendants are scattered throughout this and adjoining
counties.
FIRST ACTUAL SETTLERS.
After having given a number of the earlier pioneers of this township
it now becomes the duty of the historian to give something concerning the
first actual settlers, who were William Lautz and Martin Stull. These emi-
grated from Greene county, Pennsylvania, in 1805 and located, Stull on lots
14 and 15, and Lautz on lots 1 and 2, in the military land district. Stull
soon died there. John Tidrick, from the same county and state, settled on lot
3. William Allen located on lot 28 and owned at one time seven hundred
acres of land. He came to this township in 1806, and later married Mr.
Stull's widow. He reared a large family and was trustee in 181 5, when
Madison and Jefferson composed one civil township. He died in 1845.
Rev. John Graham, in 1824, organized a Methodist Episcopal church,
with eight members. They met for worship at Mr. Allen's house for six-
teen years, but in 1839 built a church on Mr. Allen's land. This was the
first religious society formed within the township.
Jonathan Stiles, of English descent, came in 1806, locating in the south-
east quarter of section 17, third quarter township.
Adam Linn built a house and kept tavern on the old Steubenville road
in 1809. Abraham Mathews came in the same year, as did John Bird and his
eight- sons and daughters. William Bratton effected settlement in 181 5, on
section 25. It was in 1810 when William Moore and family settled, as did
this aged couple's son-in-law, John Henderson. William Moore was justice
of the peace in 1816, and John Henderson served from 1819 to 1846 as his
successor, two terms being excepted. Both were devout Presbyterians.
In 1S10 came James Waddle; in 1812 came Nathan Kimball and James
(19)
29O GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Strain and Samuel Paxton. The first great improvement in mills in the
county was by John Armstrong and his son, Abraham.
John Lake, who was constable in 1815, settled in 1812 on section 13.
He was a soldier in the war of 1812. In 1815 John McCulloch settled on
section 5, and built a saw mill.
Andrew Clark built a grist and saw mill combined in one, near Sugar
Tree fork postoffice. In 18 18 James Wilson settled on lot 34 and he followed
blacksmithing many years. In 1819 Richard Cornell settled on section 25.
In 1820 Thomas Whitehill and son, Thomas, from Scotland, settled on
section 6.
In 1820 also came James Willis, of Ireland; in 1821, came Isaac Lan-
ning, who settled on section 3. John Speers, from Ireland, settled in the
same neighborhood about the date last mentioned. Robert Kirkwood located
here in 1825 and in 1849 bought the Armstrong farm. He was an elder in
the Pleasant Hill United Presbyterian church.
CHAPTER XXIII.
JACKSON TOWNSHIP.
Second from the west and south line of Guernsey county is Jackson
civil township. It was organized in 1824 and was named for the illustrious
General Andrew Jackson. It contains about twenty-three sections. Its gen-
eral size and shape is three miles in width from north to south, by seven east
and west. Wills creek meanders its course to the north through this town-
ship, being formed by Seneca creek and other lesser streams. The Pennsyl-
vania railroad passes through the township from north to south, with a
station point at Byesville.
This part was early in the permanent settlement of the county and
many of the hardy pioneers still remained here to enjoy the fruits of their
labors, as late as 1882. when the following were registered as being resi-
dents and as being seventy-six or more years of age : Henry Woodrow.
Lawson Rogers, Isaac Hoopman, John Fox, James Arbuckle, Joseph Davis,
Bethnel Abies, Isaac Meek, Elizabeth Wilson, Mrs. De LaRue, Mrs. Reiney.
Mary Wright, Thomas Wilson, Solomon Peter, Simon Dickerson, William
Rainey, Benjamin Wells, Daniel Masters, Mary Woodrow. Prudence Selby,
Elizabeth Wheatly, Jane Clark and Mrs. Whalon.
Of the Newnom family and their settlement, it is related that John Xew-
nom, a native of Talbot county, Maryland, born in 1787, with his wife,
sought the West for a home. They went to Muskingum county, Ohio, by
means of horse cart, in which the wife rode, while the husband went over
hill and dale and called out the many beautiful and romantic scenes as they
traveled along. Soon after their arrival in Jackson township, the good wife
sickened and died, in 1833, and the same year he married again. They had
six sons, including Eusebius H., who was born in Talbot county, Maryland,
in 1819, and married Margaret Arbuckle in 1844. They had a large family
of sons and daughters. Mr. Newnom had a farm of two hundred and eighty
acres and raised many sheep.
John Weirs, a native of Harrison county, Virginia, in 1816, emigrated
to this county with his parents, Benjamin Weirs and wife, and settled in
Jackson township. When they located here there were but twelve houses in
the township as now defined. The one hundred ami twenty acres which Mr.
292 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Weirs entered and purchased was all heavily timbered. Here the pioneer
went to work and succeeded in clearing up sufficient land to raise a living
and subsequently had a beautiful farm and reared an intelligent family of
sons and daughters, members of which still honor the family name as influ-
ential citizens of today.
John Frye was another man who assisted in bringing the township to
its present state of improvement. He was born in this county in 1828, and
was married in 1854. In i860 Mr. Frye was elected justice of the peace
and held the office for twenty-one successive years. He was a long time
clerk and treasurer of Jackson township.
David Williams emigrated from Scotland to this county, in company
with his brother-in-law, Robert Nicholson, in 1818. He was a weaver by
trade and did work for his neighbors. In this way he obtained money suffi-
cient to get his farm, consisting of a hundred and twenty acres, and cleared
it up. The son, Robert N. Williams, was born in 1830 and married in 1831.
He bought the old homestead and added thereto.
The Nicholsons came originally from Scotland to Maryland and in
1 82 1 came to Guernsey county. He bought three hundred acres of military
land and, besides farming, worked as a carpenter. Andrew W. Nicholson
was born in 1833, m Jackson township, and became an extensive farmer and
coal operator. He had four hundred acres of land, which produced in 1882
from five hundred thousand to a million bushels of coal. These mines are
two or three miles south of Cambridge and were worked on the royalty plan
by the Ohio Coal Company.
Others whose names should not be omitted in this account of the per-
sons who have developed this township are: Elijah Hoopman, Nathan Burt,
Mrs. Nancy Nicholson, John F. Trenner, Martin E. Robbins, Thomas S.
Shriver, Solomon Peters and sons, Wesley M. Gorsuch, Jonathan S. Gander,
David Gander, Benjamin Trenner, Lawson W. Rogers. George Cale, John A.
Bliss. Another settler was William M. Grany, of Byesville, a native of Bal-
timore, born in 1809, who settled in Jackson township in 1856. From 1857
to 1872 he was treasurer of the township. For twenty years he kept a general
store at his residence, being postmaster at the same time.
Elijah Shriver's birth was among the first in Guernsey county, born as
he was in 1810, son of Adam Shriver and wife. The Shrivers left Pennsyl-
vania in 1809 and located in Jackson (then Buffalo) township, this county.
Elijah Shriver held various positions here, and was credited with being the
richest man in the township in 1880.
William Rainey, Sr., left Washington county, Pennsylvania, in 1837,
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 293
with Andrew Whittier, his wife's step-father. The couple constructed a rude
cabin on lots 28 and 29 of the military lands. Whittier was a German by
birth, born in 1716, and emigrated to Maryland before the Revolutionary war.
He died at the exceptional old age of one hundred and twenty-four years.
BYESVILLE.
Byesville is the only platted town, or village, in this township. It dates
its platting from July 1, 1856, but as an incorporated place, November 26,
1881. It is situated on section 6, township 1, range 2. A number of citizens
joined in the platting of Byesville.
Of recent years this has grown to be an excellent business place. The
mining and other near-at-hand industries, together with the farming com-
munity, makes it a desirable location for lively business interests. The street
railway from Cambridge and the Pennsylvania railroad line, afford a speedy
mode of transit to and from the outside world.
In the fore part of 1866 a new industry commenced to be developed in
Guernsey county — that of coal mining — to any considerable extent, through
the efforts of W. H. Williams, state pay agent, on the Central Ohio railroad
line, a few miles to the east of Cambridge, and following this the opening of
mines near present Byesville. The Marietta & Pittsburg road was constructed
through this section in 1873, promoted by "General" A. J. Warner. Here,
on the east side of where the village of Byesville was platted, the first cap-
tain of industry located without bonus or free site, erecting a saw mill ; also
a general store was opened for business and the foundation for commerce
and industry was established. The man who accomplished all this and much
more was Jonathan Bye, for whom was named Bye's Mills and later the town
itself. The first store of the town was conducted by Dr. Francis Walker, the
first physician of the village. The old mill was the drawing card here for
several years, but it was destroyed by fire a few years ago.
Among the earliest settlers of this community were these : The Mc-
Clusky, Meek, Sayre, Forbes, Shriver, Linkhorn. Secrest, Sears, Gorsuch,
Conner, Seals, Selby and Smith families. These pioneer families all have
numerous descendants here today.
INCORPORATION HISTORY.
The incorporation of Byesville dates from February 7, 1882, when the
village was duly incorporated and the first municipal election held April 24th.
294 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
that year. The first officers were: T. J. Lee. mayor; James Selby, clerk;
L. W. Smith, treasurer. The first marshal of the village was George H.
Dudley and the first president of the council was Joseph Allman. The first
ordinance passed was restraining the use of fire arms. The following have
served as mayors of Byesville :
T. J. Lee, E. Sears, Lloyd Selby, John Holbrook, Thomas M. Davies,
Dillon Marsh, E. W. Smith, Elmer Green, C. A. Bonom and W. A. Chals-
fant, the present incumbent. Elmer Green is the present efficient clerk.
The village offices are in a two-story building, purchased in 1907 and
now valued at five thousand dollars. It contains rooms for the council meet-
ings, a jail, etc.
The village has an efficient volunteer fire department, with an equip-
ment of fine apparatus, including a fire engine and plenty of hose. Water is
obtained from seven street cisterns, located at various points in the village.
The company consists of about sixty-five members. The streets are lighted
by natural gas. Recently a contract was let to the Midland Company to
supply this natural gas for so much a month.
In 1 88 1 the village possessed but a little more than three hundred souls,
but it has grown wonderfully. Board walks were first used, but long since,
cement and brick have taken their place and now the mileage of such walks
exceeds three miles. The electric line from Cambridge was completed sev-
eral years ago and the natural gas is used universally for street and domestic
use. About twenty coal mines blow their whistles daily to call the hundreds
of workmen. The paved streets and general appearance of the place indi-
cates thrift and enterprise.
FACTORIES, ETC.
Byesville is fast coming to be a factory town. The people have given
several concerns a bonus to locate in their midst and such concerns have
brought much wealth to the place. Among these may be named the tile
works, for which eight thousand dollars was raised ; the Byesville Glass and
Lamp Company was operated seven years successfully and employed over
two hundred workmen, paying out six thousand dollars each two weeks for
some time. This cost the village twenty thousand dollars and the cost of the
plant itself was sixty-five thousand dollars. The coal mining interest is the
life of Byesville today.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 295
POSTOFFICE.
With the laying out of Byesville it had a postoffice and the following
have served as postmasters at one time or another : L. K.. Thompson, George
Conner, Lloyd Selby, E. L. Allman, E. F. Meek, John Nicholson, D. S. Burt
and the present incumbent, Dr. C. A. Austin. The office is conducted in all
departments in a very careful manner and is centrally located.
Of the banks, churches, schools and lodges, the reader is referred to
chapters on those subjects in this volume, covering the county in general.
A few points to be remembered are these : That natural gas was piped
into the village in 1898; the electric railroad from Cambridge entered the
place in November, 1899; coa^ mining started as an industry in this county
in 1866, but Byesville was not identified with it until 1877, when old Central
mine started up. Pick mining was then employed altogether. It is esti-
mated that enough coal was taken from these mines if the same had been
loaded upon thirty-ton cars to reach across the continent in a solid train of
cars. The following six men lost their lives in this first Byesville vicinity
mine: Eli Wilson, William Mackley, Thomas Allender, Hollis James, Wil-
liam Collins and John W. Hesse.
BUSINESS DIRECTORY OF I9IO.
Banks — First National and Byesville State Bank.
Drugs — J. M. Combs & Company, G. A. Ffeiner.
Dry Goods — J. A. Prior, E. L. Grossman, J. Ff. Meek.
Feed Store — G. W. Collins, B. G. Witten Sons Company.
Furniture — S. W. Conner, Eberle & McCormick.
General Stores — A. C. Outland, F. W. Johnston, Byesville Co-operative
Company, Butkhard Brothers, E. L. Gary, Graham & Son, J. A. Prior,
Ffutton & Clay.
Hardware — Guernsey Hardware Company, H. C. Egger.
Hotel — J. H. Thompson.
Groceries — W. L. Foraker, T. F. Slay, McLaughlin & Osier.
Livery— S. W. Stage, E. O. Beckett.
Newspaper — Byesville Enterprise.
Millinery — Ina Hilderbrand, Lilly Williams, Yoho & Yoho.
Meat Market — T. W. Culbertson, T. H. Dickens.
CHAPTER XXIV.
KNOX TOWNSHIP.
Knox township, taken from the north end of Westland and a part of
Wheeling township in March, 1819, is now a five-mile square civil precinct of
Guernsey county, bounded on the west by Muskingum county, on the north by
Coshocton county and Wheeling township of this county, on the east by
Liberty and Cambridge townships and on the south by Adams township.
There are no towns of any commercial importance within this township and,
without railroads or large water courses, it depends largely on Cambridge as
its trading place. This township is devoted largely to agricultural pursuits
and has a number of excellent places, well improved. Which yield up their
annual harvests.
At the time of the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia, in 1876, a
canvass of the old settlers was made which resulted in the showing of the
following list of pioneers who had attained the age, or passed the age, of
seventy-six years, then residing in the township : Jared Terrell, Margaret
Terrell, Jane Patrick, George Eckelberry and wife, Mrs. Sarah A. Estep, Wil-
liam Young, Jane Young, James Black, William Scott, Jacob Merlat, Hugh
Dyer, James Cullen, Benjamin Hawthorne, George Estep, Edward Beal and
John Zimmerman. These old settlers nearly all came to Knox township at
an early time and reared large families which have one by one taken their
places in the great busy world, in one capacity or another.
William Kenworthy came from England in 1841, and worked for ten
years in a cotton factory in Delaware county, Pennsylvania, but in 185 1 lo-
cated in Knox township and cleared up most of the old homestead found
there today.
William Hamilton Clark was four years old when his parents came from
Ireland. In 1840 he married and settled in Knox township, this county.
Eleven children were born to this worthy couple. Mr. Clark was school di-
rector in this township for many years.
Francis Kilpatrick came from Ireland in 1850, and effected a permanent
settlement in Knox township, where he and his interesting family spent the
remainder of their days.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 297
John Clark (father of Elizabeth Weir) was a native of Ireland and a
blacksmith by trade. Ten years after his marriage he emigrated to America
and they were the parents of seven children. They lived five years in Pitts-
burg, Pennsylvania, then located in Knox township, this county, and the
family have become scattered, but all widely known as men and women of
rare industry and integrity.
William P. Ross, son of James Ross, of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania,
was quite an early settler in Knox township. He was school director for
twenty years and lived on and owned the farm known as the "Old Still House
Farm," as at one time it had a still on it.
Jacob Marlatt was born in Maryland in 1803. Five years after his mar-
riage he settled in Knox township and became the father of thirteen children,
including Josephus. who served as a soldier in the One Hundred and Twenty-
second Ohio Infantry, and was badly wounded at the battle of the Wilder-
ness.
William Addy, born in 1781, in Virginia, and John Kennedy, an Irish
weaver, born in 1779, were both early pioneers in Knox township.
The biographical volume of this work will give the sketches of many
who located, at a later date, in this township.
CHAPTER XXV.
OXFORD TOWNSHIP.
Oxford is on the eastern border of Guernsey county, midway north and
south. It is five miles from north to south and six from east to west, con-
taining about thirty sections of excellent land. Belmont county is to the
east, Millwood township on the south, Wills and Madison on the west and
Londonderry township on the north. Fairview, an historic village, is the
only place of much importance within the township. Here begins the first
section of the old National pike in Guernsey county. It traverses the town-
ship through its central portion, passing through six sections of the township,
en route to Cambridge. It was one of the original townships in the county
and an account is given of its early settlement, etc., by a citizen, Fred L.
Rosmond, whose sketch of the township is as follows:
"At the organization of Guernsey county in April, 1810, Oxford was
one of the five townships into which the county was originally divided and,
of course, was much larger than it now is. As it lay against Belmont county
on the east, with only that one county intervening between it and the Ohio
river, and as the 'Zane Trace' traversed it from east to west, it profited by
the early immigration from the East, which had no other equally good
thoroughfare.
"Oxford township was also on the eastern border of the United States
military bounty lands, and at the western border of the 'Seven Ranges.' The
latter were the first government lands surveyed for sale, and were also the
first public lands to which the rectangular system, affording sections one
mile square, was applied. The lands in the 'Seven Ranges' were on the
market from 1787 onward at the fixed price of two dollars per acre. The
sale of them became slow, partially because the price was comparatively high.
Lands in the Western Reserve were offered by Connecticut at fifty cents per
acre. Lands in the Symmes Purchase in southwestern Ohio were offered at
sixty-seven cents per acre. Moreover When, in 1796, the survey of the
military bounty lands was authorized, and these were put on the market by
those who earned or acquired bounty certificates, the competition with the
land in the 'Seven Ranges' became sharper, and one reason appears why immi-
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 299
grants would pass just through the 'Seven Ranges' and settle on the bounty
lands in Oxford township and the country west of that.
"The Zane Trace was made under contract with the federal government,
by Ebenezer Zane, for whom Zanesville is named. It extended from oppo-
site Wheeling to what was then known as Limestone, a point on the Ohio
river nearly opposite Maysville, Kentucky. At the outset the chief towns
along it were Cambridge, Zanesville, Lancaster and Chillicothe. It was
neither a highway, nor what would now be considered a road. The makers
of it contented themselves with cutting down the timber and clearing away
some of the undergrowth, so that the route would be passable for horsemen ;
and this seems to have been all that was expected of them. There was no
ferry west from Wheeling until the crossing of Wills creek, where Cam-
bridge now stands, was reached. In a general way Zane followed an Indian
trail. The route was an important one, however, because it connected Penn-
sylvania and the Ohio river at Wheeling with the West and Southwest,
and, with the so-called Wilderness Trail, connecting Kentucky with Virginia,
formed the two great arteries of communication for that day between the
East and the West across the Alteghanies.
"The township organization was effected April 23, 1810. It is a tradition
that there were then not enough men in the township, large as it was, to fill the
offices. As the number of offices at that time seems to have been nineteen, this
is likely a mistake. Perhaps it may be that there were then not enough voters
to fill the offices, but there were more than nineteen male persons in that region.
Later on the population was added to chiefly by settlers who had served in
the war of 181 2, and in the early years the Irish and Scotch-Irish largely pre-
ponderated. A roster of the names of the early residents shows this.
"The first settlement in Oxford township was at Fletcher, where the
Fletcher Methodist Episcopal church now is. Nothing except this perpetua-
tion of that name, and some faint inscriptions on the stones in the burying-
ground hard by, remain to testify to its existence. It was on the Zane Trace.
Philip Rosemond settled here on a quarter section of land which he bought
early in April, 1810, from Noah Linsley for five hundred dollars. To this
he added, in 1819, another quarter section which he bought from John
Heskett in January. 1819. He kept here for years a tavern, and is said to
have been the first postmaster, and to have kept the first postoffice between
Wheeling and Zanesville. Nearby were the Wherrys. Ableses, Kennons,
Mortons and Plattenburgs.
"In March, 1814, Fairview was laid out by Hugh Gilliland, containing
thirty lots, each one-fourth of an acre in area, fronting on the two sides of
300 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
what is now the National road or Fair street. In December, 1825, Philip
Rosemond, John Gibson and John Davenport, joint proprietors, platted an
addition containing eleven lots, and in October, 1827, they platted a second
addition containing nineteen lots, thus doubling the town in area. The deed
records indicate that the best of these lots usually sold for sixty-five dollars.
"By 1828 the National road had been completed through Guernsey coun-
ty, and from this time onward Fairview greatly prospered for many years,
until that great highway was superseded, in a great measure, by the railroad
which passed south of it through Barnesville. It was a division point in the
stage traffic, did a large merchandising business, possessed several taverns,
and, along in the fifties, when what has been described as the "county-seat
fever" existed, had an ambition to become the county seat of a new county
which was to be called Cumberland and should be made up of the eastern
part of Guernsey and the western part of Belmont.
"The township as it now lies is hilly, but fertile, much of the land being
strong limestone soil, and the whole being well watered. The great part of
the township is underlaid with coal, and some shallow seams are worked for
domestic use, though no commercial mine has been attempted, partially for
lack of railroad transportation.
"The citizenship of the township has, as a rule, ever been of high order.
From the beginning churches and schools have been provided and main-
tained. Before the public school system was established, about 1825, private,
or 'select' schools, where pupils paid for their teaching, were maintained. As
early as 1818 there was a stone church about where Fletcher church now is,
and there was one at Fairview as early as 1820. These were Reformed
Presbyterian churches, but in 1832 the Methodist Episcopal society established
itself at Fletcher. A public school was established in the southeastern part
of the township in 1832, and in 1839 another was located just southwest of
Fairview. The school houses of that day were log cabins, with puncheon
floors, slab seats and unglazed windows. At St. Clairsville was an academy,
to which children were sent from Oxford township for a better education
than the public schools afforded.
"The earliest tax duplicates for this township cannot be found among
the public records. In 1834 there were in the entire township, large as it then
was (according to the tax duplicates), only ten houses that were separately
valued, together with four grist mills valued at four hundred and seventy dol-
lars, six saw mills at five hundred dollars, three distilleries at one hundred
and twenty-five dollars, and three tanneries at two hundred and eighty-five
dollars.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 3OI
"In August, 1880, what was called the Pennyroyal Reunion was held
close to Fairview, and it was established as an annual event and has been
kept up. In the beginning old men still living had been among the pioneers
and narrated from their own experience incidents of that early time; but
no concerted effort to perpetuate their recollections as a whole was made.
The region yields the pennyroyal plant in abundance, and for many years
the oil has been distilled in domestic stills, hence the name Pennyroyaldom
for Oxford township."
FAIRVIEW.
This village is on the east line of Guernsey county, on the southwest
quarter of section 2, township 10, range 7, platted by Hugh Gilliland, March
24, 18 1 4. It is the first station point on the famous National pike, as it
enters Guernsey county from the east. Many of the old time men, includ-
illustrious politicians, have stopped over night or for their meals at this
place in the long-ago years. It has been a postoffice point ever since staging
was known in the county. Thirty-five years ago and more the office was
kept directly opposite from where it is now kept. It was then in the Gil-
breth hotel, on Main street. The office now has an annual receipt of about
four hundred and twenty-five dollars. The mail is received here twice a day
each way, by stage. Among the latter year postmasters may be named
Thomas Bond, Dr. James Holt. W. B. Benson, D. E. Morris, E. E. Bond.
Fairview is among the incorporated towns of Guernsey county. Since
1839 (as early a record as can be obtained) the mayors have been:
1839— William Robinson. 1882— V. D. Craig.
1840— William Beymer. 1886— W. R. Scott.
1844 — P. B. Ankney. 1887 — William Lawrence.
1847 — Thomas Beaham. 1888 — Samuel B. Clements.
1849 — Joseph Evitt. 1890 — Robert McBurney.
1850 — Josiah Conwell. 1892 — Samuel W. Colley.
185 1 — Joel F. Martin. 1894 — Robert McBurney.
1852 — A. Y. Robinson. 1896 — Benjamin Paisley.
1854 — Alfred Skinner. 1898 — S. B. Lawrence.
i860 — William Barton. 1903 — F. W. Steele.
1863 — J. M. Patterson. 1905 — S. B. Lawrence.
1877 — J. S. Umstot. 1907 — L. L. Young.
1877— J. S. Umstott.
302 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
The 1910 municipal officers are: Mayor, O. G. Sheppard; clerk, W. L.
Anderson ; treasurer, W. L. Gleaves ; marshal, G. A. Kupfer. The council
is made up of these gentlemen : T. K. Peck, T. B. Bratton, John I. Ander-
son. W. K. Byrd, Fred Johnson and W. H. Griffin.
The city hall, on Main street, has been in use many years. The only
protection against the ravages of the fire-fiend is the volunteer companv and
a hand-pump service given by the citizens.
BUSINESS INTERESTS.
The commercial interests of Fairview in 1910 were as follows: The
J. W. Frost Cigar Company, that has been in existence about twenty years,
and which consumes much of the native tobacco which is produced in quite
large quantities in the immediate vicinity. The cigar making industry was
first started here by Saltsgaver & Frost.
The coal mining interests are quite extensive and are named in another
chapter with other mines in Guernsey county. Among the most important
mines in this section are the Brown, Riggle. Loy, Cowgill and Carnes
mines.
There is also a good creamery, belonging to the United Dairy Company.
Other interests are the general stores of E. E. Bond and W. L. Gleaves ;
the groceries of Dillion and Mrs. Benson; Morton Sisters, millinery; livery
bams by Doctor Arnold and Charles Ault; T. B. Bratton, stock dealer, and
a meat market conducted by J. W. Ault.
Middleton, on the National pike, in Oxford township, was platted on
the north half of section 31, township 10. range 7, September 1, 1827, by
Benjamin Masters. It has never been a place of much significance, a mere
post trading place on the pike, formerly having mail facilities. It now has
two general stores, J. W. Long and I. Y. Davis, and one excellent hotel.
Benjamin Masters, just spoken of, had eighteen children. He erected
a mill of the horse type and the date of its construction was 1805, near
where Middleton now stands. In 1810 he built a water mill.
CHAPTER XXVI.
1. 11:1.1; i v tow x.-
Liberty township was organized in 1820. ninety years ago. It is the
second from the north and second from the western line of the county, and
contains about twenty-five sections of land, being five miles square. Wills
creek meanders through its territory and through its beautiful valley runs
the Pennsylvania railroad line (formerly the Cleveland & Marietta). This
is a good agricultural section of the county and the people seem both pros-
perous and contented. The groundwork for this contentment was possibly
laid in the labors and self-sacrifice of the earlier settlers, who felled the first
trees and plowed the first furrow in the township, long before the sound of
the iron horse had. ever been heard within Guernsey county. A record
was made many years since of the persons who. in 1876. were seventy-six
years of age or older, then residing in the township, which list is as follows :
Robert Bell, Henry Matthews, James Boyd. George B. Leeper, Ann Milligan.
Elijah Phelps, Adam Miller, Thomas Stockdale, James Lacham. James Gil-
son, William De Harte, George Bell, Alexander Robinson.
Residents who lived in Liberty township away back in the sixties, sev-
enties and eighties, included these : Thomas Alexander, born in Guernsey
count)' in 181 5. Joseph C. McMullen, a native of Ireland, born in 1793.
emigrated to Ohio when quite young and died in the state in 1865. James
Bell, a native of Ohio county, Virginia, born in 1776. married and came to
Ohio and lived in Liberty township during the remainder of his days. They
reared five children, of whom Robert was prominent in the history and de-
velopment of his township. The Bell farm consisted of three hundred and
twenty acres of land in Liberty township.
R. R. Miller, born in Canada in 1822. was the son of Adam Miller,
a native of Ireland, born in 1795. and who married in 1821 and came to
America. He settled in Guernsey county, first in Jefferson township, then
in Liberty township, where he remained until his death in 1877. This
couple had five children. The Miller family bore well the part of enter-
prising, energetic citizens.
William Gibson. Sr.. the first settler, immediately after his marriage in
304 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
1794, moved close to Wheeling, West Virginia. He was then just at the
age of manhood, while his wife was three years his junior and both descended
from good old Pennsylvania stock. Six years later they resided in Belmont
county. Ohio, and there remained five years. In 1807 they obtained two
canoes at Cambridge and, going down Wills creek, landed where Liberty
township is now. They were the only inhabitants of the country round
about and here they built a rude hut, or log cabin, later a much better one.
They continued to reside there until he died, in 1849, ar>d the good wife in
1873. They were the parents of fourteen children. James, one of their
sons, born in Belmont county in 1804, married in 1833 and conducted a
hotel in Liberty for thirteen years. He also had a two-hundred-acre farm of
well improved land, and finally lived a retired life. John Gibson laid out
the village of Liberty (now Kimbolton).
Joseph Bell came from Virginia to Ohio in 1807 and settled in Liberty
township. He was a native of Ireland, born in 1775. He died in Liberty
township in 1839 and his wife followed in 1842, leaving a family of five
children. David and George settled in Liberty township and became men
of enterprise and thrift.
Robert Forsythe, born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, in 1796,
spent his youth there and in 1818 married Elizabeth Bell. Soon after, with
his wife and mother, he came to Ohio, settling in Liberty township, where
he remained until 1832, then moved to Wills township, near Washington
village, and in 1869 went to Cambridge, where he died in 1873. This truly
worthy couple had seven children to honor their names.
James Beggs, one of the sons of the Emerald isle, and his wife, Ellen
(Miller) Beggs, also a native of Ireland, emigrated to this country in 1798
and settled in Jefferson township, this county, but soon after located in
Liberty township, where he died in 1867. Mrs. Beggs passed away a short
time before. Their children were Elizabeth, wife of Gilbert McCully, and
James. The latter was born in Ireland in 181 7 and in 1841 married Mar-
garet Parkison, of this county. They reared a large family of children. The
old Beggs farm contained three hundred acres.
Naphtali Luccock, a native of England, was born in 1797 and in 1819
embarked for Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in which city he engaged in a com-
mission business. The next two years he worked in a stocking factory in
Germantown (near Philadelphia), and in 1822 married Jane Thompson, who
was born at Fort Sea, England. They settled in Wooster, Ohio, and for
three years he taught school there. The next four years they lived in Coshoc-
ton county, Ohio, and in 183 1 finally settled in Guernsey county. One of
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 305
the sons of this pioneer was named Thomas, born in 1823, married in 1848.
He served as representative from this county in the Ohio Legislature from
1875 to 1879. He owned twelve hundred acres of land in this county, was
an extensive agriculturist and conducted a general store in Liberty town-
ship.
TOWNS AND VILLAGES.
Kimbolton (formerly Liberty) is within this township, (situated on
section 23, in the northern tier of sections of the township. It was platted
by William and John Gibson, August 2, 1828. When incorporated, Novem-
ber 5, 1884, it was named in the articles as Kimbolton. Its name is after
a place like-named in England. It was the birthplace in England of Naph-
tali Luccock, the first postmaster, hence he called this place after it, when the
postoffice was to be named, about sixty or more years ago. Among the post-
masters and postmistresses who have served here are : Naphtali Luccock,
Miss Anne DeHart, J. L. Davis, W. H. Ludley, S. D. Ross, O. J. Berry,
Mrs. Ida A. Berry. From this postoffice there are four rural routes, ex-
tending out about twenty-five miles each. The first was established about
1903. The mail at an early date was carried to and from here on horseback
twice each week. There are now two daily mails each way, by rail.
A city hall was provided in 1907. The only fire of importance in the
place was when the mill burned in 1909, entailing a loss of about five thou-
sand dollars. The present council and officers are : William H. Gibson,
John A. Chambers, E. E. McKim, Lafayette Miller, Thomas Morris, B. D.
Bumgardner, council ; M. V. McKim, mayor ; O. J. Berry, clerk ; C. F.
Rhodes, treasurer. The present marshal is F. M. Fowler.
The business interests of the place are : Two general stores, A. Ledlie &
Son, S. A. Clark; grocery, L. J. VanSickle; livery. R. R. Warden; hotel,
Central House, by R. R. Warden ; steam flouring mill, by M. T. Kennedy.
The churches (see Church chapter) are the United Presbyterian and
Methodist Episcopal.
The present physicians are Drs. D. L. Cowden and William Lawyer.
(20)
CHAPTER XXVII.
RICHLAND TOWNSHIP.
Richland is on the south line of the county and the second from the east-
ern border line on the east. It is irregular in shape, containing about twenty-
seven sections of land. The main line of the great Baltimore & Ohio rail-
way system passes through the extreme northern portion of this sub-division
of the county, with its Cumberland branch traversing the township from north
to south, passing into Valley township on section 3. Richland township was
organized July 18, 1810, the first election being held on that date, at the house
of Samuel Leath, when township officers were duly elected.
EARLY SETTLERS.
Perhaps no better insight into who were among the vanguard of pioneers
in this part of Guernsey county can be obtained than to publish the names of
those over seventy-six years of age residing in the township in 1876, the
same having been compiled for a centennial history of the township: Mrs.
Payne, Mary Halley, George Gooderl, Robert Dilley, Ann Thomas, Mary
Morrison, Mrs. George Gooderl, John Dollison, Mrs. Hull, Mrs. Stiers.
Mary A. Foreacre, Mrs. John Squib, Mrs. Samuel Lent, Jacob Shafer, Susan
Shroyer, Elizabeth Alexander. John Frame, Henry Ledman, Mrs. A. Laugh-
lin, Mrs. Bennett, Eleanor Medley, James Buchanan, John Potts, Almira Mc-
Clary, James Hartup, Benjamin Winnett, John Winnett, Laban La Rue, Wil-
liam G. Keil, Samuel Gibson, James Miller, Mary Baldridge, John Mosier,
John Squib, Samuel Lent, Thomas Hunt, James Stranathan, Nancy Arndt,
Mrs. F. Goodern, Elizabeth Oliver, William Potts, Lydia Clark, Lucinda
Dollison, Margaret Lowry, Catherine Ledman, Henry Popham, John Laugh-
lin, James R. Boyd, Tamer Gooden, Tressa Jones, Lydia Lowry, Scott Emer-
son, Mary Jackman, Raphiel Stiers, Lucretia Buchanan. Ebenezer Harper.
Jeremiah Sargent and Margaret La Rue.
John Laughlin, father of Alexander Laughlin, was born in Fayette
county, Pennsylvania, in 1777. He married in his native state and in 1808
started for the West, locating in Richland township, Guernsey county, Ohio.
In 1 8 18, he removed to Centre township, where he died in 1851.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, i. 307
Samuel M. Dilley, son of Robert Dilley. was horn in New Jersey in 1794
and in [816 lie. with a brother, came to Ohio, settling in Senecaville. Guern-
sey county — at least near where the town now stands.
James Gibson, a native of Ireland, born in 1806, came with his parents
to the point that is now known as Gibson station in Richland township. He
lived on the old homestead until his death, in i860. He was both a farmer
and merchant and his landed estate consisted of between five and six hundred
acres.
John Frame came with his parents from Wills township, settling in Rich-
land township in 1830.
George Gooderl, a native of Chester county, Pennsylvania, coming to
Ohio in 181 7, resided seven years in Belmont county and then located in Rich-
land township, this county. He died here in 1880.
Richland township was settled up by the above named persons and fam-
ilies and what was once a howling wilderness has come to be one of the rich-
est sections in Guernsey county. The present people of the township are
happy, contented and generally very prosperous.
TOWNS AND VILLAGES.
The only village plattings of Richland township are Senecaville, a portion
of Lore City and New Gottengen.
Lore City was platted June 8, 1903, in both Centre and Richland town-
ships, on Leatherwood creek. Hence it has made but little history. A post-
ofHce by this name has been in existence since a very early date. It is now a
fourth-class office, the postmaster furnishing his own building, light and fuel.
At one time the office was held in the depot. For the past thirty years the
postmasters have been as follows and in the order here enumerated: Jacob
Younger, Joseph Arnold, Albert Morris, Aaron Luzater, Will Cale. Aaron
Luzater. Will Cale, William Arndt and Harry Ferguson.
There are three rural mail routes running out from this postoffice, the
first of which was established March 1, 1905. During the past year this office
has been broken into three times, but no loss of money in any one of the cases.
The annual report of the office, June 30, 1909, showed yearly receipts of one
thousand five hundred dollars. There are now eight mails daily.
Lore City was incorporated in 1906 and the town officers have been but
few, the present mayor, Roland Potts, having served two consecutive terms.
The present officers are: Roland Potts, mayor: Cale Cross, clerk: \Y. H.
Ferren, treasurer: C. F. Milligan, marshal. The council is composed of:
308 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Rufus Totten, F. E. Bird, William P. Lowry, Watt Dugan, James McMahon
and O. D. Chester.
The town is without water-works or fire protection. The churches, a
history of which appears in the church chapter, are the Methodist and Presby-
terian denominations. There is a prosperous lodge of the Independent Order
of Odd Fellows, mentioned in the history of civic societies.
The 1910 business interests of Lore City are conducted by the following-
firms : Agricultural implements, John Bond ; general dealers, Lou Longstreth,
Andy Chegogg; furniture, Lou Chegogg; groceries (exclusive), William Fer-
ren; millinery, Mrs. Oldham; livery barn, John Bond; drug store, Doctor
Arndt. The physicians of the place are Drs. F. E. Bird and H. W. Arndt.
Lore City is situated on the main line of the Baltimore & Ohio railroad
and is a sprightly town for its size and age.
SENECAVILLE.
Senecaville is the largest place within Richland township. It is situated
on sections 21 and 22, in the southern part of the township. This town was
platted on the banks of Seneca creek, by David Satterthwaite, July 18, 1815 —
hence has a. history running back almost a century. It is situated on the line
of the Cumberland branch of the Baltimore & Ohio railroad and is within the
rich coal mining belt of Guernsey county. The name has been a familiar and
household word for three generations, including the pioneer band. The post-
office has been kept in its present location since 1893. It appears that not
many have held the postoffice at this point, as will be observed by the follow-
ing list of postmasters and the Presidents under whom they have been com-
missioned : J. M. Rainey, under President James Buchanan ; D. M. Bryan —
the "War Postmaster" — under Lincoln; Wilson Scott; J. C. Rose; H. F.
Gordon, under Grover Cleveland; N. Le Page, under Benjamin Harrison;
H. F. Gordon, under Cleveland the second time; N. Le Page, under William
McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt; G. S. Kaho, under Roosevelt and he is
the present postmaster.
One rural route extends out over a distance of twenty-four miles from
Senecaville and was established July 1, 1903. The annual receipts from this
office at last report was one thousand and twenty-one dollars and seventy-
four cents. There are three mails at this office daily, one in and two out.
The first mail that reached Senecaville was carried on horseback from Wheel-
ing. H. F. Gordon is the present assistant postmaster.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 30Q
INCORPORATION.
Senecaville is incorporated and its present officers are: Mayor, J. S.
Moorehead; clerk, H. M. Beenier; treasurer, G. F. Pollock; councilmen.
S. H. Moorehead. J. L. Dilley. John Stevens, J. T. Day. J. R. Davidson; city
marshal, Frank Morrison.
The churches of Senecaville are the Methodist, Presbyterian, Wesleyan,
and Free Methodist.
The lodges here represented are Odd Fellows, Master Mechanics and
Knights of Pythias.
BUSINESS INTERESTS IN IQIO.
Today the business interests of Senecaville are in the hands of the fol-
lowing persons: Physicians. Dr. C. Bates and Dr. R. H. Geary : dentist, H.
M. Shafer; grist mill; one hank, the First National; the general stores are
conducted by John Keller and the Morris Coal Company; furniture, Thomas
Morrison; grocery, J. M. Rainey ; hardware. Brown and Lepage; hotel, Mrs.
Brown; millinery, Mrs. E. D. Fell and Clara Dilley; milling, Campbell Broth-
ers; livery bams, John Connor. F. H. Campbell; planing mill, with lumber
yard, Charles Spaid ; meat market, Thomas Morrison. The only drug store in
the place was owned by I. K. Hill, who died in October, 1910, but it will soon
be reopened. Natural gas is piped in from West Virginia, by the Ohio Light
and Fuel Company.
Robert Thompson, in 1895. §ave tne following account of this township:
He was born in Fayette county, Pennsylvania, in 1808 and moved with his
parents to Senecaville in 181 1, when there were but three log cabins. David
Satterthwaite and 'William Thompson were the earliest settlers in that section.
Ephraim Dilty also came about that date. James Richardson was proprietor
of the first tavern. The first church in Senecaville was the Presbyterian. The
first store stood on ground later occupied by the Methodist Episcopal church.
The same writer in 1886 wrote for the local press: Senecaville was laid
out in 1814 or 1815. There were salt springs on the edge of the creek near
the Greenwood bridge, from which brother William boiled salt at a furnace
containing about thirty-six kettles. It is doubted whether there were any
other salt works this side of the Ohio river. People came a long ways to pro-
cure it and paid three dollars a bushel for the same.
Many rough characters were about here then and a favorite sport election
days was to get drunk and then fight until one side said "Enough."
3IO GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Coffee was then fifty cents a pound and it was only used when the
preacher came. A pound might last six months. Pork was worth one dol-
lar and a quarter a hundredweight and calico from twenty-five to thirty-seven
and a half cents a yard.
As there was no communication by rail, the produce collected was taken
to Baltimore in huge covered wagons drawn by six horses. The journey
took about three weeks each way.
Senecaville was named from Seneca creek and that was named from the
springs of coal oil which oozed forth on the waters. Seneca oil was so named
from the Seneca Indian tribe in New York and Pennsylvania, who many ages
ago used this oil for its medicinal qualities. Later, it developed to be what we
now so well know as petroleum.
CHAPTER XXVIII.
Mir.T.woon township.
The southeastern township in Guernsey county is known as Millwood and
it was organized about 1834. ft contains twenty-four sections of land and is
four miles north and south by six east and west. It is rich in agricultural
and mineral resources. The Baltimore & Ohio railroad passes through this
township on its east and west course, with three station points, which are
described later in this article. There are many small streams running through
the territory now being described as Millwood township. The township is
bounded on the north by Oxford township, on the east by Belmont county, on
the south by Noble county and on the west by Wills township. It is a well
developed section of Guernsey county and was settled by a class of industrious,
enterprising and religious people who have certainly left their imprint on the
present dwellers of the southeastern portion of Guernsey county.
No better record of its first settlement can now be given than to name
the aged persons — those exceeding seventy-six years of age — who were living
within its borders in 1876. These names include men and women who were
the first settlers and who were the parents and grandparents of many of the
present population and will recall to the citizens of the township many a scene
of early days in Millwood and Quaker City. This list is as follows: Mary
Hall, Henry Hall. John D. Hall, Noah Hartley. Sarah Hartley, Michael
Creighton, Samuel Ruth, Isaac Spencer, William Rose, James R. Johnson.
Priscilla Johnson. George Emerson, Hannah Hague. Jesse Coles, Washington
Clary, Nathan" Hall, George Falmer, Thomas Mills, Elizabeth Mills. Josiah
Outland. Francis Linn. William Crouse, James Fillett, Jacob S. Brill, Albina
Say re. John Rimer. Isaac Webster, James Hart, Mary Wolfonl, William
Hyde, Joseph Dunlap, Elizabeth Brill, John Hague, James Whitcraft. John
Stotts, George F. Fox, Ann F. Harvey. Susannah Arnold. Michael Aubmire,
Sarah Perego, Clarissa Shuman. John Shuman. Samuel Carter, John Addison,
C. McCormick and Hannah Scott.
The Hartley family deserves special mention in this connection. Wil-
liam P.. the eldest, was born in Berks county. Pennsylvania, in 1786 and when
he reached manhood he moved to Warren county. Xew Jersey, and there
f. .11. .wed school teaching for thirty years. He married, in 1817, a daughter
312 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
of Jonas Parke and in 1837 they moved to Guernsey county, Ohio. They had
eight children. James, their eighth child, was first lieutenant in the One Hun-
dred and Twenty-second Regiment and was killed at the battle of Cold Har-
bor. William P. Hartley, Jr., was born in New Jersey in 182 1 and lived
nearly all of his days in this township. He was sheriff of Guernsey county
in the seventies, was a Democrat and in church affiliations was of the Chris-
tian faith. The Hartleys are still numerous and influential in these parts of
Ohio.
Of the Hall family, it may be said that Isaac Hall was the second son
of John Hall, who came from North Carolina in 1805, and purchased a tract
of land near where now stands the village of Quaker City. He married in
1807 and they were the parents of eight children, of whom Isaac \V. was one.
He was born in 1810 and educated in the common schools of his county. In
1839 he engaged in mercantile business at Quaker City, then styled Millwood.
He married three times and was the father of three children, two of whom
matured. Mr. Hall was the originator of the National Bank at Quaker City.
In religion he was a Friend and in politics a Republican.
John P. Hall, another son of the old pioneer John Hall, was born and
brought up to farm labor in the old-fashioned way of bringing up children.
In 1 84 1 he married in Belmont county and raised a family. In 1880 he owned
a fine farm of about three hundred acres in Millwood township.
Of this numerous Hall family, there were, Eli, John D., Cyrus, Amos and
other prominent members, who made each a distinct history here for them-
selves.
John Smith, son of William and Elizabeth Smith, of Yorkshire, England,
where he was born in 1814, when an infant came to this country. His father
was a mason and worked on the Capitol at Washington. The family con-
sisted of seven children. John was reared on a farm and in 1840 married
Margaret Temple, who became the mother of eleven children. Mr. Smith
was a Democrat in politics and in religious belief of the United Presbyterian
church faith. His homestead was two and a half miles north of Quaker City.
James White and John R. Hunt, as well as Hugh Keenan, were settlers
of Millwood township at an early time.
The Cowden family were also representative citizens here. W. N. Cow-
den was the only son of David Cowden, who came to America with his father,
William Cowden, from Ireland in 181 o. David upon his arrival purchased
a tract of land a mile and a half northeast of Quaker City, and in 1835 mar'
ried Margery Kennon, sister of Judge William Kennon, of Belmont county.
Among: the children born of this union was William Newell Cowden, who
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 313
entered Muskingum College. He was, in 1882, largely interested in sheep
raising and wool producing. He owned over five hundred acres of land in
Millwood township and for several years was president of the Quaker City
Fair Association and vice-president of the Quaker City National Bank. He
was an elder in the United Presbyterian church and a very pronounced Demo-
crat in his politics.
Thomas McFarland, another one of the quite early settlers in Millwood
township, came from Ireland with the father's family in 1835. He resided
at various places until after his marriage, when he settled here. He married
Mary Ann Graham in 1840 and reared a family.
Jesse Doudna, eldest son of Noas and Hannah (Webster) Doudna, was
born in 1808. in Belmont county, Ohio. He purchased a six-hundred-acre
tract of land. In [862 he married Rachel L. Benson, who was born in Mary-
land in 1827. Mrs. Rachel (Lancaster) Benson was the daughter of Jesse
and Mary Lancaster, of England, a minister to the Society of Friends, after
whom Lancaster, Pennsylvania, was named. Jesse Doudna died at Spencer
Station. He was an extensive farmer and stock raiser.
John Doudna, another son of Noas Doudna, above mentioned, became
a well-to-do farmer of Millwood township.
Robert McCormick, son of Robert and Catherine (Brill) McCormick,
of Tyrone, Ireland, became prominent here. His father landed in Phila-
delphia in 1800 and clerked in a store five years. In 1805 he moved to Somer-
set, Pennsylvania, and there taught in the district schools. He married and
reared a large family of children. He came to Guernsey county in 1815. and
bought land here and farmed during the summer seasons, teaching school in
the winter. Robert, Jr., was brought up on his father's farm and educated in
the common schools. He married Sarah Brill, by whom several children were
born. He became a large land owner in this township.
TRUE PIONEER HALL, ETC.
To speak more specifically of Mr. Hall, the first settler in this now well
developed township, it may be stated that he came from North Carolina in
1805, with his father's family, and located three miles west of Barnesville.
On August 4, 1806, having reached his majority, he took up the grubs on a
tract of land preparatory to erecting a cabin, on the northwest quarter of
section 13, in what is now Millwood township. He spent the first night by
the root of a white oak tree, near his building site. He erected a scaffold near
by, on which he kept his provisions and cooking utensils, which consisted of a
314 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
knife and fork, a pewter plate, one spoon, a pot and skillet. He also had
some salt and pepper, a flitch of bacon, a loaf of bread and a sack of corn meal.
He had a tray that was of an oblong shape, about twenty inches cross the
smallest way, made out of the half of a buckeye log split in two, that answered
to lay provisions in, and was covered for safe keeping. The balance of his
provisions were made up of game, killed as needed, which could be had in
abundance at almost any time. Sometimes he slept on a scaffold under the
sturdy boughs of an oak. His nearest neighbor was John Reed, to the east,
who lived by the old high trestle on the Central Ohio railroad of later years.
His next nearest neighbor was Joseph Williams, five miles westward down
the Leatherwood valley.
The land office, then at Steubenville, included in its sales the lands of this
township. John Webster and family came on August 10, 1806, and entered
ten half sections of land, — Congress lands. — being eighty acres for each of
his ten children. The present Baltimore & Ohio road runs precisely along
where Webster's double log house stood.
In the summer of 1807. John and William Webster built a mill on
Leatherwood creek, above the present Quaker City depot grounds. John
Webster died in eighteen months after his settlement, aged fifty-seven years.
A certain species of wild nettle grew in great abundance about this local-
ity, and at an early day from it was spun material that took the place of linen
threads and with this a fabric was woven and finally made into clothing.
The first settlers near Quaker City were from Pennsylvania, North Caro-
lina, New Jersey and Maryland, and were Friends, or so-called Quakers. In
181 1 there were of this class fifty-nine persons. The Friends' first meeting
house was erected in about 1812. Services were at first held at private houses,
but the church later built stood on the hill east of Quaker City. William Mott,
in 1 82 1, taught school there.
SHROUD AND COFFIN.
Jesse Cole, of Millwood township, has a reputation in his community,
that should, in honor to the old gentleman, be extended beyond the bounds of
Millwood township. He was born near Reading, Pennsylvania, and is in his
eighty-fourth year. He claims that he has yet sixteen more years to live, as
it is his intention not to shuffle off this mortal coil until he reaches the even
one hundred. Mr. Cole settled in Millwood township in 1823. In due time
he was married and raised a large family of boys and girls. After the death
of his first wife, he removed to the neighborhood of Sarahsville, Noble county,
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 315
where lie built a cabin and kept bachelor's hall. This was necessary because
his children had all married and had homes of their own. While there he
got along very well, until he was taken with a bad spell of sickness. It would
have gone hard with him, he says, Were it not for an excellent old maid who
lived within "hollerin' " distance of his cabin. This kindhearted creature
took the best care of the widower, and finally brought him through all right.
During the worst of his sickness he thought his time had come, and that the
right thing to do was to prepare himself for burial. To this end, he got the
old maid to prepare his shroud and hang it away in a convenient place, and on
his recovery he tenderly cared for it, and when he married his second and
present wife, he handed the garment over to her for safe-keeping. About eight
years ago, he made further preparation for his last journey on earth. While
in a good state of health, he went to Quaker City, and gave orders to one of its
citizens to take his measure for a plain but substantial walnut coffin, to be
ready at a certain date. At the appointed time, in company with a son, he took
the coffin home on a sled. On its arrival, it was carefully raised to the loft of
the loom house, where it now sets safely, beyond the gaze of the curious, pa-
tiently awaiting the time when its owner will be laid therein for an eternal
rest. An evilly disposed person some time since circulated the report that the
family had made kindling wood of the coffin, and also that it was a receptacle
for dried apples, but we are glad to be in a position to state positively that there
is not a vestige of truth in either rumor. May the years be many and happy
before the old gentleman shall need either the coffin or the shroud. — Jefferson-
ian, August 20, 1885.
TOWNS AND VILLAGES.
Millwood township has had several village plattings. including old Mill-
wood (now Quaker City), Spencer's Station and Salesville. The first village
platted was Millwood, by Jonah Smith, on section 20, township 9, range 7,
in what was then styled Beaver township. The date of filing this plat was
February 18, 1835. It retained this name many years, but before it was in-
corporated, in 1 87 1, it was changed to Quaker City, it being in the midst of a
very large and thrifty settlement of Friends (Quakers).
Salesville was platted in 1835 by George Brill, on section 32, township
9, range 7. It was on the "Clay Pike," as then known. It was incorporated
in 1878. as a village.
Spencer's Station was platted in 1892, as a railroad station. Being near
Quaker City, it has never grown to much extent.
Of Salesville, it may be stated that the settlement at that place was begun
316 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
in 1806 — one hundred and four years ago. The pioneers there were for the
most part from the states of Virginia and Pennsylvania, with now and then a
family from the Old World. The lands in this section of Guernsey county
were found to be of great richness and fertility. Through them flowed the
waters of the Leatherwood creek, skirted by wide, beautiful bottom lands.
The waters of this and other streams flowed with enough fall to furnish an
abundant power for water mills and factories. Springs of water gushed out
from hillsides here and there, all of which made the surroundings attractive
to the home-seeker of that long-ago day. Prominent among the first settlers
may be now recalled the Brills, Pulleys, Frames, Williams and kindred. The
religious sentiment was here divided among many creeds and church polities.
But all had a deep religious feeling and all wanted a place in which to worship
the true and living God, hence agreed to erect a large log meeting-house, which
was accomplished and designated as the "Temple," by which it was always
known. Here, in 1816, when this house was erected, of hewed logs on the
hill overlooking the present village of Salesville, a quarter of a mile from the
banks of the Leatherwood creek, settlers met regularly to worship, in their
own chosen method. This was the beginning of church life and activity in
this part of Guernsey county. Some were Methodists, some United Brethren
and other denominations were well represented.
SALESVILLE OF I9IO.
Today (October, 1910) this place has a population of about two hun-
dred and fifty. The postoffke was at first held in the depot, since which time
it has been on the move. It has, however, been at the present location, in
the store of S. C. VanKirk, for ten years. Three rural routes run from this
postoffice, averaging twenty-four miles each. The annual office receipts
are seven hundred and fifty dollars at this time. Five mails are daily re-
ceived here. In an early date of this office mails came by stage lines, on
the old pike. As far back as the memory of the oldest residents can reach
the following have served as postmasters, in their order: Louis Turnip-
seed, thirty to forty years ago; W. R. Gardner, G. H. Bates, Thomas Dur-
bin, M. R. Perry, George W. Brill, S. C. VanKirk.
The history of the Salesville municipal incorporation dates back to
1878 and is classed as a village. The mayors have included these: Louis
Tu'rnipseed, W. A. White, J. A. Perry, Jasper Dollison, W. H. Long, Sumpter
Long, R. D. St. Clair.
The present village officers are: Mayor, R. D. St. Clair: clerk, John
G. Stoneburner: treasurer, S. C. Van Kirk; marshal, W. E. Ankrum.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 317
There is no organized fire department, but a hand pump is kept in readi-
ness for emergencies. The churches of Salesville are the United Brethren
and Methodist Episcopal.
BUSINESS FACTORS OF I9IO..
Agricultural Implements and Hardware — B. H. Runyan.
Boarding House — Mrs. Otie Tillett.
Hotel — Central Hotel, Mrs. M. Mendenhall.
General Dealers — Sol. Rimer, Stoneburner & Dillon, E. E. Atkinson.
Grain Dealer — S. C. VanKirk.
Liven- — Jacob Linton.
Millinery — Miss Mary St. Clair.
Physician— Dr. W. A. White.
QUAKER CITY.
Quaker City, originally Millwood, was incorporated in 1836 as Mill-
wood, and as Quaker City between 1864 and 1870. It now has a population
of approximately one thousand. The postoffice being established, and then
the name changed to Quaker City, has since made the place better known
to the world. The postoffice has been in its present location since 1890,
before which date for many years it was on the opposite side of the street,
just before that date in the B. J. Johnson building, and still earlier in the old
Lochary building. There are six rural routes extending out from this
postoffice, all of which are over twenty-four miles long. There are seven
mails daily now at this office. The record of postmasters is not fairly clear,
but it is known that the following have held the position in about the order
given here : Patrick Lochary-, Millard Marsh, A. H. Hamilton. H. B. Cox,
J. M. Gallagher and W. W. Dowdell.
The city is protected fairly well from fires by a volunteer fire company
and a hand apparatus consisting of wagon, hand-cart, three pumps, etc.
Natural gas is used here, the same being pumped in from Noble county
from the Dudley field. The surrounding country is devoted largely to sheep
raising. The schools of the place are a high and grammar school, mentioned
in the educational chapter of this volume.
The only newspaper at Quaker City is the Independent, established in
1875 by J. D. Olmstead & Sons. The present proprietors are J. W. and
A. B. Hill, who took charge in 1882 and have never missed an issue since that
318 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
year. Job work, advertising calendars and novelties are special features of
this office.
The lodges of the town are the Masons, Odd Fellows and Knights of
Pythias. The churches here worshiping are the Christian, Methodist Episco-
pal and Friends.
The mayors who have served here are inclusive of the following : 1871-
72, J. C. Steele; 1872-74, George W. Arnold; 1874-1885, J. B. Lydicfc
1885-86, L. J. Heskett; 1886-88, D. S. Scott; 1888-94, L. M. Hartley
1894-98, F. B. Doudna; 1898-1900, J. B. Hartley; 1900-02, Isaac E. Stubb
1902-03, John S. Moore; 1903-05, J. B. Lydick; 1905-07, William Wesley
1907-10, J. B. Hartley; 1910, to present time, Frank Reed.
It will be observed that Mr. Lydick served longer as mayor than any
other man, M. L. Hartley and J. B. Hartley coming next in point of length
of service. Among those serving as clerks during the period from 1871
to 191 1 were T. M. Johnson, J. A. McEwen, I. P. Steele. M. C. Hartley,
Robert Boyd, J. G. Moore. A. H. Hamilton, C. A. Bowles and Ross Hay.
The length of service as corporation clerk and also as township clerk,
is perhaps unprecedented in the case of Robert Boyd, who has served twenty-
one years as clerk of the corporation in Quaker City, and his term ending
December 31, 191 1, as township clerk, gives him twenty-five years in that
office. The village officers in 1910 are: Frank Reed, mayor; Ross Hay,
clerk, and H. B. Garber, treasurer.
I9IO DIRECTORY.
Agricultural Implements — W. H. Hartley & Sons, W. A. Lingo &
Company.
Bank — Quaker City National Bank.
Confectionery — Charles Sharrock. employing thirty-five men touring
in season of fairs, with his goods.
Furniture — C. W. Eberle.
General Dealers — O. W. Hunt, E. B. Galloway. Oscar Finley, Mrs.
M. A. Lochary, Moore Bros. & Company.
Grocers — Miss Verna Boyd.
Hotel — Quaker City House.
Hardware — W. A. Lingo Company. W. H. Hartley & Sons.
Livery — Cline & Eberle.
Millinery — Ella M. Watson.
Shoes — T. M. Johnson.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 3I9
Drugs — W. H, Tope.
Meat Market — Emmet Wright, Clyde Eagon.
Physicians— S. G. Bay, O. S. Bay, E. W. Jones. J. B. Hollingsworth.
Opera House — D. M. Lingo, manager.
Grist Mill— John R. Hall.
Planing Mill — A. Cochran Company.
Mines (Coal) — E. B. Galloway, John Montgomery, Waldo Webster.
Produce — Quaker City Produce Company.
CHAPTER XXIX.
MOXKOE TOWNSHIP.
Monroe township was cut from Jefferson township in April, 1818. It
is on the north line of the county, and bounded on the east by Washington
township, on the south by Jefferson, on the west by Wheeling. It is five
miles square and hence contains about twenty -five sections of land. It is
a well watered and drained portion of the county, devoted mostly to farming
and stock raising. New Birmingham is the only village platted within the
borders of the township. This was an early-day platting, but was re-platted
in i860, for assessment purposes. It is located on section 11, township 4,
range 2. Here a postoffice and a few business houses were erected and
maintained for years. It is now an inland place of little, if any, business
importance.
As one passes through this portion of the county, today, in search of
historic facts concerning the early settlement of this particular township,
he cannot fail to be impressed with the fact that time changes all things
earthly, and that none are now living who witnessed the first efforts at making
a home within this part of Guernsey county; the pioneer has completed
his mission and rests from the cares of life. However, as late as 1876, when
a census was taken of the oldest persons in this township, the following were
found still residents, and none were then less than seventy-six years of age:
Thomas, Sarah and Thomas I. Moore, Jane Moore, Hezekiah Moore, Mary
Engle, Benjamin Culbertson, Solomon Colley, Lydia Colley, Aneas Ran-
dall, Annie McDonald. Archibald Little, Delphi Grimsley, Sarah White,
William Wornick, Jane Wornick, Sidney Little, William Thompson, Sarah
Thompson, Sarah Anderson, Daniel Clark, James Neil, John Neil, Sarah
Richards, Amos Richards, Sarah Gray. Elizabeth Clark, Isaac Beal,
Andrew Thompson, Margaret Willis, George Willis, Nancy Virtue, Martha
Aiken, Lydia Lanning, Sarah Edwards, James Crossgrove, J. Hollings-
worth, Margaret Shaw, John Smith, Eleanor Campbell, Rebecca Burnworth,
Matthew Johnson, and Pleasant Tedrick.
Oakley Lanning moved to this township from Monroe in 1834 and
became a prominent, permanent citizen of the precinct.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 32I
Isaac M. Lanning was horn in New Jersey in 1788 and bought land
in this county, but had the misfortune to lose it by reason of a defective
title. He married Lidie Fuller and moved to the farm he had selected here.
He died in 1867. He had held the office of justice of the peace for more than
twenty years in this township, hence was well known and highly popular.
Frederick Braninger, a native of Maryland, was born in 1788 and after
his removal to Westmoreland county, Pennsylvania, he married Susannah
Hayes, and fifteen years later located in this township. He was a devoted
member of the Protestant Methodist church.
Samuel Virtue was born in Ireland in 1775, of Scotch-Irish ancestry.
He married in 1799 and in 1816 made the long sea voyage to this country.
He settled in Ohio county, West Virginia, where he lived for fifteen years,
then located in Monroe township, this county, and spent the balance of his
days here on a farm. He raised a large and highly interesting family,
who have gone forth to different callings in life.
Isaac Beal, a native of Fayette county, Pennsylvania, born in 1796,
lived there until he married Martha Todd, and then removed to this town-
ship, where the remainder of his days were spent. Eight children were born
of this union, who survived to manhood and womanhood. Osborn, the
sixth child, was born in 1S28 and married Amanda M. Randall and they
then set up another household within the township. He was a trustee of
Monroe township a number of years and held other offices. When he set-
tled here Beymerstown had only one house.
(21)
CHAPTER XXX.
M \1>IS(>\ TOWNSHIP.
Second from the north and second from the eastern line of Guernsey
county is situated Madison township, which sub-division of this county
i- five miles square, having twenty-five sections of excellent land within
it- borders. This township was organized and its first township election
held July is, 1X10. It contains the usual amount <>t" good, as well as much
rough, untillable land. Mxrnt one-third of a century ago the residents here.
who had reached or passed their seventy-sixth mile-post were as follows:
Benjamin Berry, lame- Copeland, Mrs. F. Parker, Samuel Tannehill, lames
Weyer, Mrs. C. Lanfesty, Elias Burdett, Mrs. S. Anderson, Mrs. E. Cramer.
Mr-. Mary Johnson, Mrs. Stanley Shaw. Mrs. E. Teitrick. Mrs. E. Shoe-
man. Mrs. Anne barrell. Mrs. E. I'ritchard. Mrs. R. Harris. F. L. Hafford.
Samuel Lindsey, Mrs. M. Lindsey, William Scut. John Smith. Mrs. Mary
Smith. William M. Jenkins, John Sheridan. John June-. Wesley Gill, Mrs.
S. Nichols, Henry Nichols, Isaac Ricker, Mrs. Amy Kicker. Mrs. Weirick,
Andrew F. Linn. Mrs. Grizelle, George McCormick, J. W. Mills. Mrs. M.
Stockdale, John Stockdale. James Stockdale. John Saviers. Bennett (larding,
Elias Burdett, and lame- Weyer.
Of others who made settlement, or were born here and performed well
their part- as g 1 citizens in the up-building of the township, it may be
narrated in this connection that George W. Yeo, a native of Maryland, was
born in [813, and when of age he came to this township, having first re-
sided near Barnesville until about 1^45.
Daniel Tcttrick was born in Xew Jersey in 1783 and came to Guernsey
county when seventeen years of age. In [810 he married Jenny Scaddon,
by Whom he had seven children. His second wife was Mary Pas-more, by
whom -even more children were born to him. He became one of the Stanch
men of hi- township and lived to a ripe old age.
Samuel Cunningham, a native of Ireland, was bom in 1750 and in 1832
the family moved to Guernsey county. Ohio, having first remained in Wash-
ington county nine year-. Their son James was bom in Ireland and survived
all other member- of the family. He married Elizabeth Cunningham in 1838
and they were the parents of twelve children.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 323
Edward Bratton was without doubt the first white man to locate in this
township. He was born in Mifflin county, Pennsylvania, in 1784, and in
1799 removed with his father to the new territory northwest of the Ohio
river, then just opening up for settlement. It was late in the month of
December when they reached Wheeling-, then comprising but a few illy-built
huts and houses built around the public square. Crossing the Ohio river, the
Brattons made their way westward to the forks of McMahon's creek, three
miles below where the town of Belmont now stands. From this place, in
1802, they moved up to the Zane Trace, near what later became known as the
Milner property. In the spring of 1803, or 1804, Joseph Wright, father of
Nehemiah Wright, emigrated from Ireland and located near the Brattons.
He employed Edward Bratton, then a stout, young man, nineteen years of
age, to make him some rails with which to fence or pen up his stock, in order
to protect them from the wolves and bears, which were then very trouble-
some. His work suited so well that he was hired to make more rails to fence
in a patch of ground. These young Bratton made at the rate of fifty cents
a hundred and boarded himself. In 1805 he married, and taking the trail used
by General Broadhead in 1780, when that officer marched from Wheeling
on the Coshocton campaign against the Indians, he followed it as far as
the present town of Antrim, then diverged and went to the present site of
Winchester, where he pitched his tent. The nearest settlement was where
Cambridge stands today, but there were five Indian families, including two
brothers named Jim and Bill (for short) and whose last name was Lyons;
Joseph Sky, at the mouth of Brushy Fork; one Douty, who had a hut be-
tween Mrs. Culbertson's and Newman's Lake, and who had two squaws ;
and one Indian named Hunter, who was squawless.
The first grist mill in the county was built on Salt fork, then in Madison,
now in Jefferson township. The first store was kept by George Wines at
Winchester, and there was also the Methodist church building.
CHAPTER XXXI.
sl'l-.Nt I K ■IciWNSIIII-
Spencer is the extreme southwestern township in Guernsey county.
It was organized in [819, having been taken from the west end of what was
then Buffalo township. It- first election for township officers was held in
March, that year. It i- bounded by Noble and Muskingum counties and
bj Westland and Jackson, with a portion of Valley townships. It contains
about twenty-nine sections of land. It is exceptionally well watered by nu-
merous small streams and many pure springs are found gushing out here and
there along the rugged hillsides. Its chief commercial point is Cumberland
City, "ii the Cumberland branch of the Baltimore & Ohio railroad. The
county is very largely devoted to mining and stuck raising. Its citizens are.
for the mosl part, enterprising, thrifty people, who have descended from old
families who settled there at a very early day and have grown up and as-
sisted in developing the county to its present state of perfection. Virginia,
Maryland and Pennsylvania all sent forth many of their sons and daughters
to effect this settlement in the wilds of Guernsey county. They came ahead
of railroads, pikes, mails or milling facilities, and really "they huilded better
than they knew." With none too rich a soil, and far from markets, they
sit to work, with the true -] >i ri t of frontiersmen, to hew and to dig out their
Own fortunes. Money has not been made easily here, hut the present gen-
eration are the better for having been reared in a country where money
wis not plentiful, as they now know the real value of a dollar and make
the best possible use of it. Good homes, of refinement and culture, are to
he seen throughout this g |ly township — the one extending the farthest to the
south of any within the county.
PIONEER NAMES.
Perhaps no better account of the first settlement of this part of Guern-
sey county can he had than to give a list of citizens who in 1N70 had reached
the g I old age of seventy-six years ami upwards and were still residing in the
township. These facts appeared in a centennial history in 1876 during the
Philadelphia exposition: John Hawes, Reuben Stevens, Mary Shively, Juni-
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 325
ctta Stone, Rebecca Blackstone, Jane Forsythe, Vincent Cockins, Jacob Den-
nis, Nancy Connor, Elizabeth Young, Jacob Conkle, Annie Inlay, Hiram
Ingle, Amelia Ingle, Thomas Henry, Samuel Finley, Catherine Finley, E.
Daniel, Robert Barton, Nancy McClelland, Thomas N. Muzzy, Larinda
Muzzy, Thomas Crawford, Michael Cusick, William Stuart, Michael Joice,
Mary C. Connor, Jane Bay, Elijah Blackstone, Henry Cosgrove, William
Rabe, William McKelvy, Nancy Harper, William Shaw, Sarah Rabe, Martha
Bemis and Mary Johnson.
From these persons have grown up many of the present day families
who now carry on the affairs of Spencer township, with honor and credit
to themselves and their ancestors.
Vincent Cockins was born in Washington county, Pennsylvania, in
1802 and married in 1835 and settled in Spencer township, where they
reared ten children. Some of these children bore arms in the Union cause
during the Civil war.
Jacob Hulin was also a native of Pennsylvania, born in Fayette county
in 1780. He moved to Wills township, this county, and five years later
removed to a farm tract — the present site of Cumberland — and raised corn
where now stands the city. He died in 1847 on n's farm, three miles to
the north of Cumberland, to which he had moved.
John M. Frazier was born in Loudoun county, Virginia, in 1S17 and
accompanied his parents to Muskingum county, Ohio, where he married
and resided many years. One of his sons, Martin L., was born in 1844 and
when seventeen years old came to Guernsey county and married Mary L.
St. Clair. After living two years in Muskingum county they moved to
Spencer township, this county, and became permanent and useful citizens.
Hugh Moore, father of James A. Moore, was born in Greene county.
Pennsylvania. In 1836, he moved to Opossum creek, three miles from Sene-
caville. Two years later he moved to Center township; still later he lived
in Belmont county, where he and his wife died. The son. James A., moved
to Spencer township in 1842.
James White was born in Pennsylvania in 1825 and moved, to Spencer
township in 1848. He reared eleven children. In his early days he taught
school.
Thomas Bay, Jr.. came here with his father, Thomas Bay, Sr., from
Washington county. Pennsylvania, in 1812, and entered a large tract of
land in the vicinity of present Cumberland. He was born in 1782 and died
in 1859.
William M. Dolman was born in 1802. in Washington county, Penn-
326 '.i 1 KNS1 1 C0UN1 Y, OHIO.
sylvania, and came to * »lii< » with hi- father, when ten years of age. He mar-
ried and settled in Cumberland until iS;vs. when he removed to Washington
county, Ohio. He was an overseer at the building of the lock in the
Muskingum river.
The first man to hold land title in this township was a Mr. May, w li< •
entered eighty acre- on the Covert farm about 1806, made small improve-
ments, and died soon thereafter. This was long known as the '".May'- dead-
ening." In [808 Esquire Lattey claimed land later owned by McClcary. but
he sold to Mr. Lewis in 1813. lie was the first justice of the peace in this
part of Guernsey county. Mr. Wolfe was a squatter and cleared a field at
the east end of Cumberland in 1809. Finley Collins entered an eighty-acre
tract just ea-t from Cumberland at the same date and sold to Thomas Bay
in 1 S 1 _• . The first permanent settler was Thomas Bay, of Pennsylvania,
who settled on the present site of Cumberland in [812, purchasing a large
tract of land near there. lie and his sons entered the wild, dense forests and
SOOn erected a commodious cabin home and, with ax and mattock in hand.
began to clear up their lands. Then Wheeling and Pittsburg were but
small villages. However, these places and Zanesville afforded a ready mar-
ket for the maple syrup made by these Guernsey county settlers, who in
some instances made enough in this way to enter their lands.
The second permanent settler was Eli Bingham, of Vermont, who located
adjoining Mr. Bay's land in [813. He was full of Yankee thrift and inge-
nuity and erected the first brick residence in his part of the country: the same
was standing in t8O0 ami may be now.
In 1 Si 4 came Thomas X. Muzzy, who also claimed land next to Mr.
Bay's. He came from Boston and not only improved his lands, but soon set
about constructing a mill for grinding grain and sawing lumber. He it was
who taught the first school and the first Sunday school class in bis neigh-
borhood. He also laid the foundation for the first church and organized
the first temperance society in his beautiful little valley. He was in the war
of [8l2, and in 1848, the date of the first survey of the Baltimore & Ohio
railroad, volunteered to make a survey from Wheeling to Zanesville through
Cumberland, and came near locating that road up his valley. He came from
Spencer, Massachusetts, and hence named the township after his old home.
In 1882 Mr. Bingham was the oldest resident in his township.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. $2J
THE TOWN OF CUMBERLAND.
Cumberland, the third town in point of commercial importance in Guern-
sey county, was platted April 24. 1828, on section 32, township 9, range 10,
by James Bay. It is an incorporated place and full of the hest business en-
terprise. Its railroads are the Baltimore & Ohio (Eastern Ohio division)
and the Ohio River and Western line from Zanesville to Bellaire. The ex-
cellent high school building now in use was erected in 1892; it is a two-story,
six-room brick building.
The town is an incorporated one, and its present population is not far
from seven hundred and fifty. Its municipal officers in 1910 were: William
H. Young, mayor: Dr. S. M. Moorehead, treasurer; Fred S. White, clerk;
Frank Waller, marshal. The following have served the incorporation as
mayors : William H. Young, B. S. Lukens, William H. Young, B. S. Lukens,
Phil Johnson, Dr. C. M. St. Clair, W. H. McCloy. T. G. McCortle, Dr. C.
Draper, William H. Young. Possibly others may have served a term.
The churches of the town are the Buffalo Presbyterian, Cumberland Pres-
byterian, Methodist Episcopal and African Methodist. At one time a Bap-
tist church was sustained here, but has now been abandoned. The civic so-
cieties of Cumberland are the Masons, Odd Fellows, Maccabees, United Me-
chanics and Grand Army of the Republic. The Eastern Star and Rebekah
degrees of the Masonic and Odd Fellows orders are also represented.
The Cumberland Echo was established in the autumn of 1885. by W. A.
Reedle: its present proprietor is W. G. Nichols. (See press chapter.)
Of the Cumberland postoffice it may be stated that the date of its institu-
tion is not certain, but probably this office was established about 1830. The
following have served as postmasters, with others whose names have been
lost sight of with the passing years : D. W. Forsythe. William Howe, Sam-
uel Connor. J- C. McClashen, T. G. McCortle, W. M. Crozier, present in-
cumbent.
There are now seven rural routes diverging out from Cumberland, of
about twenty-four miles each. The first was established September 2, 1901.
The Cumberland office was made a third class office in 1908. It has remained
in its present quarters since 1902. There are five mails received daily. The
first mail was brought here by an old Cambridge pioneer, George Green, who
ran a stage line. The present annual receipts of the Cumberland postoffice
is $2,500.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
BUSINESS FACTORS OF I9IO.
I '.auks — The Cumberland Savings Bank.
Buggies, Harness and Monuments — L. R. Harper.
Blacksmith— 1 tarry Luke.
Brick and Tile Factory — J. C. Bay & Company.
Clothing— Connor & White, V. J. Shott.
Drugs— Moore Brothers, O. Garlington.
Dentist — S. F. Moorehead.
Doctors— F. P. Bird, H. W. Holmes, W. K. Bolan.
Furniture— S. W. McClelland.
Grain Dealer — M. Young & Company.
Groceries — Allison & Voting, E. E Prouty.
Hardware— Petty & White, J. B. Beckett.
Hotels — Mrs. Mary Fulton, Fulton House: Globe, Miss Ella Kennedy.
Harness Dealer — J. R. Stewart.
Jewelry— H. M. McKee, H. B. Zoller.
Livery— S. P. McClelland. Frank Blackburn, A. G. McClelland.
Produce — Lyne &• Given.
Millinery— Mrs. A. E. Walters. Mrs. Ida Roberts.
Meat Market — V. L. (das.. \Y. L McCracken.
Mills — M. Young Milling Company, flouring mill. J. C. Bays. \\\ H.
Stevens, planing mill-.
Newspaper — The Echo, W. < '•■ Nichols.
Photograph Gallery— J. C. Crumbaker.
Stock Dealer — Spooner & McCracken.
Shoemaker — Elza Johnson.
Wool Buyers — The St. Clair Company.
CHAPTER XXXII.
WHEELING TOWNSHIP.
Wheeling township, organized in September, 1810, is in the extreme
northwestern corner of Guernsey county, and is seven and a half miles long,
from east to west, and four miles wide in the narrowest place; it contains
about thirty-three sections of land. Coshocton county is to its west, Tus-
carawas to its north, Monroe township, east, Liberty and Knox south of it.
Wills creek is its principal stream. The line of the railroad now known
as the Pennsylvania follows the creek valley down through this township
and on into Liberty township, en route to Cambridge. The villages of this
sub-division of the county are Bird's Run and Guernsey, both station points
on the railroad.
The history of the schools and churches will be found in the general
chapters, while the village history, plattings, etc., will be found farther on
within this chapter.
The first settler was Robert Atkinson, who settled on section 21, but
some one from Belmont county entered the section before Atkinson, where-
upon he removed across Wills creek and located on a part of the same sec-
tion. At this time his only neighbor was a man named Bird, who had lo-
cated at the big spring where John Booth later resided, and where he had
built a shanty and cleared up a small piece of timber land. This was eight
miles distant and over in Tuscarawas county. The man Bird had neither
family nor principle. Atkinson's wife died, and Bird and some of the In-
dians helped him bury her. after which Atkinson went back to Virginia to get
another wife, leaving Bird there to take care of the property he had. Dur-
ing his absence, Bird loaded the household effects into a boat and went down
the stream into the Muskingum river and forever disappeared. Hence the
creek was named "Bird's Run."
In 1806 William Gibson settled on Wills creek, three miles above, and
1807 found Philip Shoff a resident. In 1S10 came three Virginia families —
Paul Dewitt, John Hodge and Abraham Furney. All was a wild wilderness
and Indians lived in rude huts and fished and hunted along the streams.
These tribes left about 1812. Until 181 5 land could not be taken up here
in less than quarter sections.
330 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
The first school in the township was near present Bridgewater. The
first church was the Baptist in 1820, near Bridgeville.
Among the pioneer band who settled in Wheeling township, and their
sons and daughters, may be named the following list of persons who, in
1876, were recorded as being at that date seventy-six or more years of age :
George Shroyock, Alexander Mitchell, Mrs. Alexander Mitchell, Jacob
Banker, George Gibson, Mrs. Jane Gibson, David Walgamott, Mrs. S. Wal-
gamott, Elizabeth Carr, James Mercer, Amanda Hamilton, N. Chamberlain.
Zachariah Black, E. Johnson, William Leech, Joel Brown, Fred Bristol, W.
Anderson, John Lytle, St., Richard Leverson, Henry Wilson, Mrs. C. Wil-
son, James Miskimmin.
William Vansickle, Jr., born in this county in 1840, married Elizabeth
Redd and settled on a farm in Wheeling township, becoming a permanent
settler there.
John Marlatt was born in Virginia in 1794, and lived in Columbiana
county, Ohio, until 1809, when he married and resided in Coshocton six years.
From that time to 1869 he lived in Wheeling township. He and his wife
were the parents of twelve children, six of whom survived until 1882. Mr.
Marlatt owned four hundred and thirty acres of land and held numerous
local offices in his township and county.
Other early comers to Wheeling township were James Mercer, John
Alloway, Joseph Furney and John Keast. The last named was from Corn-
wall, England. These pioneers found a rough, wooded country and all had
to be hewed and grubbed out from a forest in order to provide suitable fields
for the cultivation of crops and good building sites. This took a great amount
of hard work and of a character of which the present-day young man knows
nothing. The fathers and grandfathers opened up and made it possible for
the dwellers of the twentieth century to live and enjoy what they do.
TOWN OF GUERNSEY.
This is a platted, incorporated place of some commercial importance.
It was platted in section 4, township 2, range 3, of the military school lands,
by John Fordyce, J. W. Robins and Madison Robins, November 7, 1872.
A postoffice was established here almost a half century ago. It is now located
in a general store belonging to E. C. Lawyer, the present postmaster. There
are numerous dwellings and a neat church building, that of the Protestant
Methodist denomination.
Birds Run, or Bridgeville postoffice, as it is called now, was established
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 33 1
about forty years ago. It is now kept in the general store of L. D. Car-
rothers, postmaster. There are two churches represented here, the Baptist
and the Methodist Episcopal.
UPON A HIGH HILL.
Upon a high hill in Wheeling township, near the county road leading
from Guernsey to Bridgeville, is a rock whose strange formation and ma-
jestic appearance excites wonder in every beholder. It resembles an immense
haystack in shape, being about forty feet in height, twenty-five feet in circum-
ference at the base, thirty-five feet at the bulge, and thirty feet at the top.
The view from the summit extends over four counties and is said to be
grand. The sides of this peculiar rock are carved with hieroglyphics that
would make an interesting study for the student of aboriginal history. We
are indebted for these facts to D. F. Stanley. — Jeffersonian, March 8, 1883.
CHAPTER XXXIII.
WESTLAND TOWNSHIP.
Westland township is one of Guernsey county's original townships,
hence dates its precinct history from April 23, 1810; its first election for
township officers took place in June of that year. It is in the southwestern
part of the county, bounded on the west by Muskingum county, on the north
by Adams township, on the east by Jackson and Cambridge townships and
on the south by Spencer township and Muskingum county and contains
twenty-five sections of land, it being five miles square. Crooked creek, the
old National pike and the Baltimore & Ohio railroad pass through its north-
western corner. Like other townships in Guernsey county, this is quite
rough, hilly and broken by valley and ridge. Its only platted village is
Claysville, an inland platting described elsewhere with other plattings. Once
this township embraced much more territory than at present, for in 1819
Knox township was formed from parts of this and Wheeling townships.
EARLY SETTLERS.
To have been a pioneer in this section of Ohio meant hardship and an iron
constitution. The names of some of the families who thus blazed the way to
civilization and present enjoyment, and who resided in the township in 1876,
being advanced to the ripe old age of seventy-six years or older, are as fol-
lows: William B. Stewart, Thomas J. Freeman. Ephraim Barnett and wife,
Susan Galloway, Joseph Kelly, Elijah Wycoff, John Hammond, James Ster-
ling, J. Amspoker, Mrs. Wilson, R. R. Moore, Thomas E. Connor, W. B.
Crawford, Mr. Best, Maria White, James Lawrence and a Mrs. Sterling.
The following paragraphs will speak of others who sought out a home
and became good citizens in this part of Guernsey county:
John Hartong, a native of Pennsylvania, born in 1808, married, in 1835,
Ruth Terril. In 1836 they removed to Centre township, this county, and
later became residents of Westland township. They reared five children who
matured and helped to subdue this part of the county.
James Amspoker. son of John Amspoker, born in Brooke county, Vir-
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 333
ginia, in 1807, remained in his native state almost a half century and in [859
settled in Westland township, this county, lie married and became the father
of six children, well known in this county to the older residents.
Lewis Caius McDonald, one of the first children horn in Westland town-
ship, the .date being 1817, married Melissa Boyd and had five children; he
was supervisor a number of terms in this township.
In 1850 came the Best family to Westland township from Pennsylvania
Mr. Best died in 1880, leaving a family of grown children. The John Best
farm of this township contained almost two hundred acres.
Robert R. Moore descended from William Moore, who was born in
Ireland in 1791. After living twenty-four years in Pennsylvania, the grand-
father removed to Wills township, this county. Me had nine children. Rob-
ert R. was born in Pennsylvania in 1810, moved to Terry county, Ohio; and
in [843 on to this county, locating in Westland township.
William Bennett, born in Ireland in 1801, emigrated to Pennsylvania at
the age of eighteen years. He married, spent four years in Union township.
Muskingum county, Ohio, and in 1838 made a permanent settlement in West-
land township, where he died in 1842. The children of this pioneer family
numbered eleven, and are now heads of numerous families throughout the
country.
George McCreary, Sr., was born in Ireland in 1790, emigrated to America
in [812 and married, in 1823, Sarah Mills. This worthy couple located in
Westland township, where they passed the remainder of their lives, the wife
dying in 1847 and ne ni IS/3< leaving seven children.
Ephraim Barnett. a native of Washington county, Pennsylvania, born in
1801, married and moved to Wrestland township, this county, in the spring of
1839. He died in the autumn of 1S79. This worthy man and wife were the
parents of eleven children, most, if not all, of whom are now deceased.
William Fj. Stewart, born in Ireland in 1804, landed in Baltimore in [830
and went direct to Pennsylvania, where he remained until 1832, then removed
to Oxford township. Guernsey county, Ohio. From 1835 to 1872 he led a
wandering life, but at the last named year settled in Westland township, just
off the National road. He was thrice married and reared a large family.
Horatio Grumman was a son of Isaac Grumman, who settled in West-
land township when the country was so new that each settler almost led the
life of a hermit. Isaac was born in Xew Jersey in 1777. He married in [798
and six years later moved to Fort Henry (now Wheeling), and in 1800 came
to Westland township, this county. He died in 1845 ani' n's wlt"L' m 1858.
Thev had nine children to revere their names.
334
<il F.RXSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
David St. Clair was born in Maryland in 1797, and during the war of
1 Si 2 with Great Britain, went to Baltimore to sell produce, and was there
during the engagement with the British. He accompanied his parents to
this county and settled in Spencer township, where the family entered land on
warrants.
William Cosgrove, a native of Mifflin county, Pennsylvania, was born
in 1812 and in 1827 came to Ohio with his parents, living near Freeport, Har-
rison county, three years, then went to Cambridge where he mastered the
cabinetmaker's trade. In 1833 he removed to Cumberland where he engaged
in chair making until 1868, when he engaged in the hotel business, being the
proprietor of the old Eagle hotel. One peculiarity of this gentleman was
that he never failed of taking a mid-day nap, which he argued gave great
strength and long life.
CHAPTER XXXIV.
l,o\l>o\l>|KKY TOW XSM II'.
Londonderry is the extreme northeastern township in Guernsey county.
Jt is six miles square, containing thirty-six sections of land, good as the county
affords. It is bounded on the north by Harrison county, on the east by Bel-
mont county, on the south by Oxford township and on the west by Madison
and Washington townships. It has numerous streams coursing through its
territory and is well suited for grazing and stock raising. Its schools and
churches are treated under the general chapters on these topics.
OLD RESIDENTS.
This section of the county, in 1876, had fully its share of aged men and
women, as will be seen by observing the following list compiled at that date
for a centennial history of the township, which gave the persons who had
reached seventy-six years or over: Samuel Wilkin, Edward Carpenter, Wil-
liam Francy, Henry Crusoe, Jackson Gracy, R. F. Campbell, Robert Campbell,
Samuel Bratton, Andrew Hyde, Robert Madden, John Logan, Mrs. A. Logan,
Mrs. C. Carpenter. Mrs. S. Madden, Mrs. S. McElroy, Mrs. S. Smith, Mrs.
E. Rankins, Mrs. J. Walker, M. Walker, Robert Blackwood. T. G. Brown,
William Hartgrave. Mrs. J. Francy, Mrs. E. Mack, Mrs. Sarah Hunt. Mrs.
S. Rosengrants, Mrs. E. Davis, Mrs. S. Wilkins, Mrs. Decker. Mrs. Romans,
Mrs. H. Briggs, Mrs. J. Kirk, Mrs. Ingle. Mrs. S. B. Smith, Simon Rosen-
grants, Jacob Baker, William Wilson, William Morrow, James Thwaite.
Samuel B. Smith, Henry Briggs and Joel Kirk.
The father of John Downer was born in Washington county, Pennsyl-
vania, in 1790 and came to Guernsey county in 1813 and entered land in this
township and cleared up a good farm from out the dense forests. He mar-
ried Elizabeth Work and by her reared twelve children, the eldest of whom
was John, born in 1818, and who spent his entire life in the township. He
owned a quarter section of land and was a township official.
Other early settlers who aided in felling the forests and making the
wilderness to blossom like the rose, were William Morrison, a native of Penn-
sylvania; Thomas Xeilson, a native of Ohio; Absalom Frizzell. of Belmont
county, Ohio; John Mack, a native of Ireland; John Stewart, born in Ireland,
coming to this country in 1835: Robert Mack, who was born in Indiana, and
336 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
accompanied his parents here when young; George Smith, born in Virginia
in 1795 and in 1809 went to the vicinity of Flushing, Belmont county, and in
1819 he and his father entered eighty acres of land in Londonderry township;
John Greenfield was a native of Harrison county, Ohio, born in 1820, and
came to this township in 1846, settling on what was subsequently styled the
Kirk farm, the most of which he helped to clear up from the native forests;
others whose names should not be forgotten as pioneers in Londonderry town-
ship were Amos Hibbs, Church Cox, George Smith, William Kirk. Alexander
L. Crusser, Robert Wilkins and John Stewart.
PLATTING OF LONDONDERRY.
The only platting of a village within this township is Londonderry,
platted by Robert Wilkins, August 19, 181 5, on section 20, in the northern
part of the township. It never grew to a place of more importance than a
country hamlet, with a postoffice and a store and small collection of houses.
Among the early settlers of Londonderry township were Cornelius Dud-
dall, James McCoy, Henry Dillon, Anthony Arnold, Edward Carpenter,
Mathew Law, and George Anderson. Edward Carpenter was born in 1761
in Pennsylvania, and died here in 1827, having settled in this township in
1802, with his wife, Catherine ( De Long) Carpenter, who died here in 1845.
Their son, Edward, Jr., was born in this township in 1802, and was a justice
of the peace for thirty-two years.
A society of Friends (Quakers) was organized in this township in 1819,
a half mile south of Smyrna. The first building, a log one, was burned in the
winter of 1856-57, and a small frame structure took its place. In 1880 this
was removed and a large, commodious church erected.
In 1801 Edward Carpenter, son of John Carpenter, one of the pioneers
who crossed the Ohio in 1781 and built what was known as "Carpenter' Fort,"
a short distance above Warrenton, took a contract for cutting out eighteen
miles of the road extending from Big Stillwater to within seven miles of Cam-
bridge, for which he received the sum of three hundred dollars. As thus
opened, the road passed through where Londonderry now stands. Here Mr.
Carpenter settled about 1807.
The early-day school facilities here were anything but good. About
1819 or 1820 the pioneers succeeded in employing Robert Jamison, an Irish
schoolmaster, who taught the first school in this township, and to whom Mr.
Carpenter paid thirty-six dollars a quarter and a Mr. Wilkins as much. To-
day school houses are in evidence everywhere and education and religious
elements predominate equal to any part of the county.
CHAPTER XXXV
WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP.
Washington township, one of the northeastern townships of this county,
is a five-mile-square, twenty-five-section sub-division of Guernsey county, and
is bounded on the north by Tuscarawas county, on the east by Harrison county
and a part of Londonderry township in this county, on the south by Madison
township and on the west by Monroe township. It is well watered and
drained by numerous streams and flowing springs of the purest water. It is
devoted largely to agriculture and has many fine and thrifty looking farms
within its borders. This civil township was organized in 1823, its early settle-
ment preceding this a number of years. It is one of the townships without
town or hamlet.
ITS EARLY SETTLERS.
Just who was the first white man to unfold the virgin soil and clear away
the first tract of farm land, as well as erect the first cabin .in this township,
may never be recorded correctly in history, the matter having been so long
neglected. But fortunately there was, during the Centennial Exposition year,
a list made of the persons then residing in this township, and who at that date
— a third of a century ago — were seventy-six years, or more, of age. This
constituted many of the original band of settlers in this part of the county.
This list is as follows: Robert Vance, Sol Shers, John Allison, Louis Myers,
Jonah George, John Williams, Finley McGrew, Robert Maxwell, Benjamin
Temple, Edward Logan, James Hastings, Miss Ediburne, Mary Burris, Mrs.
A. McKinney, Mrs. S. McKinney, Mrs. R. Vance, Mrs. Louis Myers, Mrs.
J. Williams, Mrs. F. McGrew, Mrs. P. Smith, Mrs. William Hastings, Mrs.
Nancy Frazer, Mrs. R. Maxwell, Mrs. O. Brashar, Mrs. W. Smith, Mrs. B.
Temple, Mrs. E. Logan, and Mrs. J. Logan. These women, for the most
part were wives of some one of the early pioneers.
John Owens, a native of Wales, born in 1773, at the age of seven years
settled in Sherman's valley, Pennsylvania, and came to this township in 1844.
He married in 1813 and had ten children, including J. W. Owens, who was
born in 1836, in Trumbull county. He came to this county and permanently
(22)
338 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
located in 1844. He married Cynthia E. Galligher. Mr. Owens in the
early eighties owned almost three hundred acres of land, was an excellent
farmer and held many local offices.
Robert Vance, born in Maryland in 1791, spent his youth in Washing-
ton county. Pennsylvania, and came to this township in 1825. He married
and was the father of twelve children. Robert, Jr., was born on the old
homestead in 1823 and ever after lived in the township. In 1845 l">e married
Eliza J. Campbell, by whom eight children were born. Mr. Vance was a
successful farmer and stock raiser.
George Frazer, born in 1786 in Maryland, moved to Trumbull county,
Ohio, in 1795 and in 1837 settled on section 13 of Washington township, this
county, and remained until his death on the farm of which he was owner.
He married and was the father of thirteen children, one of whom was George.
Jr., born in 1830 in Trumbull county, Ohio, and who came to this township
in 1837. He married in 1867 and they had four children. Mr. Frazer
served three years and two months in the Union army during the Civil war.
After his return home, he resumed farming and stock raising, in which he
was highly successful.
Levi Williams, a native of Virginia, born near Winchester in 1777, set-
tled in Belmont county in 1796, and moved to where the town of Washington,
this county, stands in 1800. There he did the first clearing up the native for-
ests. He married in Virginia and was the father of eight children. He was
one of the men who assisted in cutting the National road through the heavy
timber from Wheeling to Zanesville.
The reader is referred to the general chapters of this work for an account
of the schools and churches of this township.
Washington Scott was the first justice of the peace and the first clerk
of the township and became state senator.
It is claimed by some that Levi Williams was the first settler in this town-
ship. Then came the pioneers, Robert Carnes and James Anderson. In
1 81 5 and 181 6 came several families and then the township was organized by
eighteen voters. Thomas Hannah received seventeen votes at the first elec-
tion for representative to the Ohio Legislature. In 1882 there were two saw
mills and two grist mills ; a United Brethren and Protestant Methodist church.
The first church, however, was the Methodist Episcopal, formed in 1816.
Of the first settler, Levi Williams, let it be recorded that he located in
1796 where Washington now stands, and did the first clearing in Wills town-
ship. He was a great hunter and was a first lieutenant under "Mad" An-
thony Wayne in the Indian war, also under Harrison in i'8i2. The general
(U'KkNSKY OH'NTV.
339
opinion is that the first three men in this county were Messrs. Graham, Wil-
liams and John Mahoney, all coming at about the same dates.
John \Y. McBride's father. Frederick McBride, was a native of Wash-
ington county, Pennsylvania, horn in 1806, and at the aye of ten years ac-
companied his parents to this county and here he grew to manhood and be-
came a prosperous fanner and the head of a large family.
Another of the sturdy men of his day and generation was William
Logan, horn in the Emerald isle in t 77 r : he married and in 1817 came to
America, first locating in Canada, where he lived one year and then moved to
a point about ten miles from Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, but in 1826 came to
Guernsey county, Ohio, and chopped a handsome farm from out the big
woods of this count)-. He had ten children, bringing seven to this country.
Robert Campbell, born in Ireland in 1797, lived with his father in Alle-
gheny county, Pennsylvania, while learning the carding trade. He there mar-
ried and the}- had eight children. John M. was born in Londonderry town-
ship, but when two years of age the family removed to Madison township.
He married, in 1847. Mary McBride and they had six children. His father,
Robert, became a large farmer and stock raiser, was commissioner and repre-
sentative for two terms each, and died suddenly in Iowa. He had been mar-
ried thrice, but had no children except by his last wife.
George B. Carlisle, born on the Juniata river in Pennsylvania in 1813,
came here in 1819 and ever afterwards made this township bis home. In
1834 he married Elizabeth Hanna, a native of Guernsey county, and they
reared eleven children. John H, one of the children of this union, was born
here in 1835 ; in 1880 he married Mary E. Bridgman. He farmed until 1876,
when he engaged in mercantile pursuits. He served as a lieutenant in Com-
pany A, Ninety-seventh Ohio Infantry, three months during the Civil war,
and later became a captain in Company B of the same regiment.
James Stqckdale. St., married, in 1825, a Miss Phebe Lening, eighteen
years of age. and she became the mother of eleven children. Mr. Stockdale
owned a good farm in this township, consisting of two hundred and sixty-
five acres. He farmed all bis life, except ten years when he was engaged as a
merchant. In an early day he taught school and sat on one end of the back-
log and the scholars on the other end.
William May made this township his permanent home after 1836. He
was a farmer and stock raiser and worked at the carpenter's trade.
James English, born in this county in 1793, married Rachel Rolston in
Washington county, Pennsylvania, in 1816. They had nine children; James,
the eldest, was a native of Guernsey county, born in 1S17.
340 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Jacob Baker, a native of Chester county, Pennsylvania, born in 1774,
moved to the old Gottengen farm, where he died some years later. He mar-
ried and had nine children born to him by his wife, whose maiden name was
Rebecca McCutchin. He served his country in the war of 1812. His chil-
dren all became important factors in the township of their birth.
Isaac Bonnel, a native of Maryland, was born in 1800 and when twelve
years of age he and his father cleared up a farm and laid out Winchester. In
1824 he married Sarah, daughter of Samuel Lindsey, and had eleven children
born to him. John M. was born near the old homestead in 1832 and married
Elizabeth Orr, by whom eight children were born.
John Hanna was born on the banks of the blue Juniata river in Pennsyl-
vania, in 1777, and came to this county in 1806. He built the first mill run
by horse power in Washington township, and later built a water mill on the
Salt fork of Wills creek. He married Rebecca Harris in 1805, near Warren-
town, Virginia. Henry Hanna, a son, was born on the Madison township
homestead in 1813 and in 1838 married Phebe Carlisle. Mr. Hanna owned
a two-hundred-acre farm in 1882 and was accounted an influential man of his
township.
TOWNS AND VILLAGES.
The two town site plattings within Madison township are Antrim and
Winchester. Antrim was laid out by Alexander Alexander, March 1, 1830.
on lot 12 in the first quarter of township 3, range 1, of the United States
military school lands. It is in the northeastern portion of the township and
has never materialized to be a place of much importance, being inland and
some distance from the National road and also from railroad communication.
It has long been a convenient postoffice for that section of the county and has
at various times had some small stores and shops, with a collection of a few
houses.
Winchester, the other platted village of this township, was surveyed for
village purposes on section 14, township 3, range 1, August 18, 1836. by its
proprietor. Isaac Bonnell.
CHAPTER XXXVI.
WILLS TOWNSHIP.
Wills township is located just east of the central portion of Guernsey
county and, when first organized April 23, 1810, was one of the original sub-
divisions of the county. As now constituted, after having undergone many
changes in form, it contains about thirty-nine sections of land in one of the
best portions of the county. The National pike runs through this township
from east to west, with villages, named Washington and Elizabethtown, upon
its course, hence it has not been altogether unobserved and for the last four
score and more years has been the passage way of thousands going over the
"Pike" headed for the "far, illimitable, ever-changing West." There are
numerous streams coursing through its domain, affording an abundance of
pure water. It is of such shape that it is bounded by six townships. Of the
schools, churches, etc., the general chapters of this work will go into detail.
At an accounting in 1876, there were the following persons aged seventy-
six years and over residing within Wills township. The list includes many
of the more prominent early settlers : William Campbell, Mrs. W. Campbell,
Lemon Ferguson, Mrs. L. Ferguson, P. Blazer, William Englehart, Mrs. W.
Englehart, George Chance and wife, Thomas Boyd and wife, William Rich-
ards and wife, William Garey, Robert Weaver, Edward Hall and wife, Rob-
ert Perry, Moses Frame and wife, John McCurdy, James Gattrell. Mrs. James
Gattrell, John La Rue. Elijah Lowry, Joseph Williams, Mrs. W. D. Frame.
William McElhaney, and wife, William Norris and wife, Mrs. I. Parlett,
William McElhaney and wife. William Norris and wife, Mrs. I. Parlett,
Mrs. L. Waddel, Mrs. Clary. Mrs. Miller, Mrs. Forsvthe. John Webster, John
Doyle, Matthew Doyle, Mrs. J. La Rue, Mrs. Jenkins, Mrs. Flemming, Mrs.
Arch Shipley, Mrs. Totten, Mrs. Anderson, Mrs. Ransom, Mrs. John Craig,
Mrs. J. Dorsey, John Kendall, Christopher Sutton, C. McDowell, Albert
Vorhes, Thomas Stillions and wife, Lewis Ransom, Joseph King, Roland
Swan, I. Montgomery, Mrs. Denoon, Mrs. McBurney, Robert Dunn, Jacob
Heiner, G. Hixenbaugh and wife, Mrs. E. Carlisle, Mrs. Connor, Mrs. Jor-
don, Mrs. Barton, Mrs. Williams. Mrs. Moss, John Bonnell. Mrs. A. Vorhes,
Hezekiah Clements, Mrs. Harkness, George Razor, M. Bumgardner. Mrs.
Donahoo.
342 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
WOOLEN FACTORY.
Bigger and McLeran,
Respectfully inform the people of Guernsey and adjoining counties, that their
machinery is now in full operation — that they are prepared to manufacture,
either on shares, or for pay by the yard, the following kinds of goods :
Cloths, Cassimeres, Cassinetts,
Tweeds, Jeans, Flannels, Blankets,
Lindseys, etc., etc.
of any color, stripe or mixture, that may be desired by customers. Those
who wish their wool carded and spun only, can have it done for fifteen cents
per pound, and ic per pound for reeling.
WOOL CARDING
will also be done by them, in the best manner, at 4c per pound, for all grades
below half-blood merino or Saxony, for the higher grades 5c will be charged.
Their carding machines are in excellent order, those therefore, who favor
them with their custom in this line, may confidently expect good rolls, pro-
vided their wool is well cleansed from gum and other filth.
Cloth Dressing, attended to as usual.
Wool, and other approved country produce will be taken in payment in
either of the above branches of business, or in exchange for goods of their
manufacture.
Washington, May 8, 1846.
— From the Guernsey Times, July 24, 1846.
Matthew Doyle was a native of Ireland, born in 1765, and emigrated to
Pennsylvania in 1790. He married and left Pennsylvania in 1814, moving
to Wills township, this county, and there entered a quarter section of land.
He lived on this land until his death, in 1835. His wife died in 1847.
John Frame and wife, both born in 1772, settled in Wills township in
1810, thus being among the first pioneers. He was born in Pennsylvania and
his wife in Ireland. When they arrived in Wills township they found a deso-
late region, but lived to see a goodly settlement spring up around them. He
died in 1863, she having passed from earth's shining circle in 1848. They
had seven children.
GUERNSEY COUNTYj OHIO. 343
George Cook was born in Ireland in 1778, came to Pennsylvania and
married there when a young man. After a few years there they moved to
Ohio, settling in Wills township, this enmity, where he died in 1836 and she
in [867. They reared nine children.
Elijah Lowry was a native of Maryland, horn in [802, came to Ohio
when a young man with his parents and settled in Richland township, Guern-
sey county. He married Mary Kichey. who was horn in 1810. and soon after
their marriage they moved to Wills township, where Mrs. Lowry died in 1868.
They had five children.
Col. William Cochran was horn in Hickory, Pennsylvania, in 1793, and
in 1707 the family moved to their new home in Wills township, this county.
There the son William lived until married and in 1818 moved to a place two
miles south of Middlehourne. In 1863 he moved to that hamlet. He died in
1878, having been twice married.
John La Rue, a native of Loudoun county, Virginia, born in i;8oi, ac-
companied his parents to Richland township, Guernsey county, in 1808 and
there the parents spent the remainder of their days. John married Rebecca
Ballard, born in Guernsey county in 181 r, and they selected a home in Wills
township, where he died in 1877. They reared ten out of the twelve children
born to them.
Thomas Law was born in Wheeling, West Virginia. January 18. 1793.
and, with bis parents, came to Wayne township, Noble county, Ohio. His
marriage took place in 1822. He died on a farm near his father's in 1834.
after which Mrs. Law moved to Wills township. Thev had six children, five
of whom grew to maturity.
William D. Frame, born in 1790, married Susanna Frame and they
settled on a farm in this township, where he died in 1872.
Rev. John Rea, D. D., was born in Ireland in 1773, went to Westmore-
land county, Pennsylvania, where he married and in 1794 settled in what is
now Harrison county, Ohio, where he died in 1856, his wife passing away a
year prior. They had ten children, including a son Francis, born in 1808.
who graduated from Miami College and practiced medicine. He settled in
the village of Washington, Wills township, and reared a family.
John Baird. a native of Pennsylvania, born in 1789. remained with his
parents after their removal to Wills township, this county. In 1815 he mar-
ried Jane Frame and settled on a farm in W ills township, upon which they re-
sided sixty years. He died in 1875 and she in 1874. They were blessed by
twelve children. This family were devoted United Presbyterians in their
religious faith.
344 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
William Beveard, born in Ireland in 1756, came to Maryland, married,
and in 18 10 settled in Oxford township, this county. They had a son William
in Wills township, with whom they spent their last days. Both died in 1856.
James L. Smith born in Fayette county, Pennsylvania, in 1807, married
and settled in Cambridge, this county. He drove stage from Cambridge to
Washington seven years, then returned to his native state. In 1846 he began
to keep hotel at Washington, Guernsey county, and kept it more than a
quarter of a century.
Archibald Wilkin, born in 1823, was left an orphan at an early age, re-
mained in Pennsylvania until 1842, when he settled in Wills township, married
Mercy Miller and located on a farm. They reared a good sized family.
John Cunningham, a native of Guernsey county, born in 1814, married
Martha Todd in 1841 when she was but sixteen years of age. They located
in Wills township, where he died in 1872. They reared a family of ten in-
telligent, useful children.
Richard J. Clark, born in Maryland in 18 18, accompanied his parents to
Cambridge in 1826. There he married Anna M. Beymer in 1843 and they
moved to Washington, Wills township, where he embarked in the merchandis-
ing business. They reared five children.
TOWNS AND VILLAGES OF THE TOWNSHIP.
Within Wills township there are the following business points : Wash-
ington, an incorporated town, and Elizabethtown.
Elizabethtown, on the National pike, platted by Jacob Weller on March 7,
1832. This never grew to be a place of much note and is a mere hamlet to-
day, with a few scattering houses.
Washington is the place around which clusters many a fond memory of
historic days along the pike, when it was the great thoroughfare for travelers
going westward. It was platted by George and Henry Beymer, September
28, 1805, at a time when this county was yet a part of old Muskingum county,
and a year before Cambridge was platted. It is the second town plat in
Guernsey county. It is near the west line of the township and twelve miles
from Cambridge. It was started for the purpose of making it the county-
seat town and a good fight was put up by its proprietors to secure the prize.
This is an incorporated place and has a city hall on Main street. While
there is no regular organized fire department, the village is comparatively
secure from fires by the protection afforded by the hand pumping apparatus
and the villagers' volunteer company. The place is nicely illuminated by
CTERXSKY COIXTY, ()
345
means of natural gas, piped in from a gas well about a mile and a half out,
located on the farms of H. C. Beetner and J. J. Griffith. This company is
styled the Central Guernsey Company, all the stockholders being residents of
Washington township and vicinity. The gas well has been in operation since
the spring of 19 10 and the gas is soon to be piped to Lore City.
The present officers of the municipality are: L. L. Young, mayor; I).
A. Watson, clerk; John H. Taylor, treasurer; Jess Lunsford, marshal.
The present population of Washington is carefully estimated at four
hundred and fifty. There has been a postoffice here from an early date and
it is now located in the store of John H. Taylor, the present postmaster. No
rural routes are as yet established from Washington. Mail comes by stage,
daily. The postmasters have included the following: Mrs. Harriet McKis-
son, D. E. Patterson, .Mrs. Mary A. Craig. J. F. St. Clair, W. O. Moore and
John H. Taylor.
The religious element is not wanting here. There are three churches,
the Methodist, Presbyterian and United Presbyterian.
The general business of the place may be summed up in October. 19 10.
as being in the hands of the following persons: Dr. J. M. Thompson, prac-
ticing physician; the Washington Roller Mills (steam) ; a planing mill, with
cider works attached in season, also feed grinding, all operated by L. L.
Young; agricultural implements, R. M. Laughman ; general stores, by John
H. Taylor, R. C. McCrearen and C. C. Law; hardware, R. S. Frame; shoe
store, S. B. Lawrence ; drugs, J. A. Warfield ; grocery, D. E. Patterson ; hotels,
Washington House, by R. M. Laughman; millinery, Miss Mattie Crawford;
meat market, W. J. Chapman.
An account of Washington in early times was written in a collection of
historic sketches by a local writer in 1882 which reads as follows and throws
much light on the pioneer village of this county :
"The pike runs through the village from east to west and the structures
on either hand are the most ordinary, rude cabins, the only notable exceptions
being the residences of the Lawrences and Doctor Rea, which loom up in
strange contrast with their surroundings. The residence of the late William
Lawrence is beyond question greatly superior to any ever constructed in this
county. In the rear of Mr. Lawrence's mansion and a few rods to the left is
the neat little cemetery where the early fathers of the hamlet sleep. On the
pike, some four hundred rods east of town, are the county fair grounds
In the village are two large dry goods stores kept by ladies, a large and
handsome shoe store known as Lawrence's, a first-class implement house and
hardware store, of which Roland S. Frame is proprietor, several hotels and
346 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
churches, and the usual number of business places of various kinds which are
found in a town of this size. There are, however, no industrial establish-
ments.
*******
The town was originally named Beymerstown, and its founder changed
its name when the town was incorporated. It is in the center of the county.
On the present site of the Ark stood a tavern, which was kept first by Mr.
Frazey, then by John Murphy, Mrs. McCreary and her son James, and after-
wards by E. D. Withers. This property was then sold, the east lot to Joshua
Martin and the west lot to John Lawrence. Martin demolished the old rickety
buildings standing on the lot he bought, erecting in their stead a large brick
building, now known as the "Ark." Mr. Lawrence used the old tavern build-
ing for various purposes for some years, and sold the premises to the Old-
School Presbyterians, and they erected a fine church thereon. Just west of
the old tavern was the tan-yard of Jacob Saltsgaver. On a portion of this
tan-yard now stands the mansion of Doctor Rea, who settled in the place in
1852. Andrew McCleary, a carpenter, came early and lived in a two-story
hewed log house, which stood where James McDowell's shop later stood.
He was sexton of the old Associate Reform church for many years. West
of McCleary's was the old tavern square, and on the east corner a blacksmith's
shop, occupied by William Haines. Next to his shop was a great gate for
wagons to drive through to the back of the yard. On the lot west of this
stood the old tavern, the first part of which was erected by Henry Beymer. in
early times. It was later kept by John A. Roe, and during his administra-
tion an animal show tent was spread in the rear of the tavern. Afterwards
the tavern was run by John and David Miskimmons, and then Frazey took it.
At the east end of the town is what is known as Robb's addition, on
which lived David Robb. He moved to Zanesville, and his landed estate on
the south side of the National road was then sold to John Barton, and all on
the north side to Alexander Frew and son-in-law, William Anderson. Mr.
Withrow was a blacksmith who came to the place in 1842 and after about
twenty years his wife and eldest daughter were instantly killed by lightning.
William Englehart came here before 1812 and is still (1882) here, aged ninety
years. He is the oldest person in the village, and is a Presbyterian in re-
ligion, a Democrat in politics and by trade a carpenter. At first, he was a
clerk in the only dry goods store here, kept by Thomas Hanna. 'Squire Peter
Omstot. the owner and occupant of the two lots west of Mr. Barton, was an
honest Dutchman, who was almost the first justice of the peace and post-
master here, and held both offices for thirty years. Fie used to make wooden
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 347
plows. His office was located about where the "Ark" was later built. 'Squire
Omstot caused the expulsion of the famous "Leatherwood God" from this
county. He closed his earthly career at his favorite amusement. The old
gentleman had just finished singing "Auld Lang Syne." accompanied by R. J.
Clark on the clarionet, in the store of the late John Craig, when he took off
his spectacles, put them in his pocket, and, turning to go, fell dead on the floor.
FRANKFORT.
There was, however, an older village than all of these named and one
that had the distinction of being the pioneer place of Guernsey. This was
known as Frankfort. This plat was made in 1804, when this was still Guern-
sey county. It was located on lands later owned by John Doyle. It had
been the property of the McNutts and the Moores. The town was laid out
by Joseph Smith, and grew until it had a population of about two hundred
souls. It had two stores, a mill and a distillery. At that date there were
but about thirty families in this county. When Washington, Cambridge and
the National road were established. Frankfort began to decline and finally was
abandoned. The last old tavern was torn down about 1867 and in the founda-
tion stones were found several gold sovereigns of the time of Queen Anne.
VILLAGE OF DERWENT.
Derwent postoffice, which was established about 1898, is a fourth-class
office, and was first kept in the railroad depot. The only two having served
as postmasters are, first, M. L. Spaid and the present postmaster, J. L. Davis.
An attempt was made in 1909 to rob this office, but the thieves failed to se-
cure anything of value. Four mails go and come from Derwent daily now.
Derwent was platted on a part of section 4, township 8, range 9, by
Eliza Dickefson, August 10, 1898.
The Imperial coal mine has been in operation since about 1892, but it
is supposed that the coal supply at that particular place will hold out but about
two vears longer. The Puritan mine, farther down, has been running two
years and, being comparatively new, will doubtless last many years yet.
There is but one church at Derwent. the Methodist Episcopal. The
business of the village is carried on by the following persons: A planing mill
by C. J. Spaid; two general stores, Secrest & Turner and C. J. Spaid; a
grocery and lunch-room, by J. L. Davis; stock dealer. Justice Laughlin.
About the time of the Civil war there were large amounts of tobacco
produced in this township. It was cured and many tons of it shipped to
348 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Baltimore and other cities, but of late years but little is raised. It was hard
on the soil and was not considered as profitable as in the sixties and seventies,
hence was abandoned as a farm crop, save in few instances where it is still
cultivated for smoking tobacco.
The township was also famous for its sheep at one date. As high as
twenty-five thousand were kept in 1880, but now not more than fifteen hun-
dred can be found in the township.
CHAPTER XXXVII.
vai.i.kv row xsiiir.
Valley township is on the southern line of the county and contains about
twenty-one sections of land. It is of an L shape and is the territory where
rise the first waters of Wills creek. The territory is traversed from north-
east to southwest by the Cumberland branch of the Baltimore & Ohio rail-
road. This township was organized by the board of county commissioners,
March 25, 181 5. Not being among the original townships, it comprises ter-
ritory formerly embraced within other subdivisions of Guernsey county. It
is within a rich mineral country and today the chief wealth comes from the
coal mining and kindred industries. There are numerous small towns and
hamlets, all of which are mentioned in detail in this chapter. Some of the
first settlements in the county were effected by the pioneers who came in
from various eastern states at a very early day and endured the hardships
coincident with early settlement life. Their sons and daughters are now old
men and women and their grandchildren by no means in the days of their
youth, and these are now reaping the reward for the toils and sacrifices made
by earlier generations.
Among the first to come to the limits of this township may be named
Peter D. Robins, son of John and Mary Robins, who were natives of the
isle of Guernsey, France. The father came to this country in 1807, lived in
Wheeling for a time, then moved to Coshocton, Ohio, where he engaged in
salt making. He settled in Valley township in 1810.
William Spaid was born in Hampshire county. Virginia, and emigrated
to this county in 1819, with his parents, George and Margaret (Cail) Spaid.
John Heaume, son of Peter Heaume, was of French descent; his father
was born in the beautiful isle of Guernsey in 1788 and came to Ohio in 1832,
first settling in Muskingum and then Stark county, Ohio. In 1850 he re-
moved to Guernsey county and died there in Valley township in 1865.
Stephen Secrest, son of Nathan Secrest, a native of Virginia, was among
the number who helped to develop Valley township. His parents had ten
children. The father was born in 1807 and died in 1850.
Others whose names should not be left out of a record of pioneers were,
350 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Andrew C. Lawrence, George Salliday, Noah Turner, Christena Dyson.
Ezekiel A. Robbins, John Robbins, Henry Trenner and many more whose
names are not now familiar to the present day people of the county.
The churches and schools are mentioned in detail under their respective
headings in the general chapters of this work.
There are three towns within this township, Pleasant City, Hartford
(Buffalo) and Denvent, the history of which is here appended.
PLEASANT CITY.
Pleasant City (originally known as Point Pleasant) was platted in 1829
by Benjamin Wilson. It has come to be a fine business point and its early
history and founding by a pioneer band is best given in an authentic article
published in way of a Christmas souvenir in 1904, by Abe T. Secrest, who
spent some time in acquiring the facts. It reads as follows :
"The early history of Pleasant City, like the early history of America, is
involved in obscurity. Save for a few fragmentary sketches, its history has
never been written. Nor does this purport to be a history even though digni-
fied by that title; it is only a reminiscent brief helped out by a few traditions
and legends handed down orally from father to son from that pioneer day
when 'the rank thistle nodded in the wind and the wild fox dug his hole un-
scared.'
"But this very obscurity that shrouds the histories of ancient peoples
and gives them heroes and demi-gods has given us full liberty to draw on our
imaginations and, if we must forego the demi-gods, we can at least have our
heroes and endow them with virtues and fortitude all but fabulous.
"It would be a mere guess to say what family actually settled here first.
But from land patents and other legal documents we can reconstruct the local
neighborhood as it existed about 1820, for few families were then here that
are not represented in the community now.
"As nearly as can be ascertained the Jackson family, living just south of
town (though now in Noble county), and the James Albin family, who lived
just north of town, were the pioneers of this place. These soon had for
neighbors the following families : Robins, Fishel, Clark, Frye, Cale, Trenner,
John Secrest, Henry Secrest, William Spaid, Michael Spaid and Joseph
Dyson, the latter owning the land on which this prosperous town is now lo-
cated. Nearly all the above families were related by the ties of consanguinity
even before they emigrated from Virginia, e. g., Henry Secrest's wife was a
Spaid and the wives of Fishel, Trenner and William Spaid were Secrest
women.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 35 1
"Those were strenuous times and though everyone bore a part in sub-
duing the wilderness, life with them was not all colorless. They had their
recreations, their pleasures and though the amusements of to-day were en-
tirely unknown to them, who will say that this system of relaxation was not
as good and their pleasures as genuine as any devised or enjoyed by then-
descendants? House and barn raisings were neighborhood events to which
invitations were general and good cheer particular. On these occasions, after
the serious work was done, the old folks passed along the latest word from
'back yonder in Virginia' and the young people either engaged in feats of
strength and skill, like wrestling, shooting at a mark, etc.. or entered into the
more serious business of courting. Usually these country-side gatherings
afforded the triple purpose of work, pleasure and love making. Needless to
add that the phantom of race suicide that now proves so disquieting to our
beloved President, was unheard of then, for nearly every family was composed
of from ten to fifteen members.
"One of the first cares of the pioneers was to provide schools for the
education of their children. The first cabin devoted to that purpose in this
immediate locality was located near the Hopewell cemetery about one mile
north of town. Later a cabin school house was built at the forks of the road
where Mrs. Lucinda Spaid now lives and here two or three generations of
our forbears had knowledge imparted by use of the master's ferule — the most
approved method of imparting knowledge at that ancient time.
"As nearly as we can determine at present, the first lots were surveyed
along Main street (which was only a county road straightened and widened)
about 1830. The lots were made four rods wide by ten rods deep and the
numbering was begun where Fred W. Shafer now lives, his lot being num-
ber one. For many years lots were very cheap, there being little demand for
them, and no public works to draw citizens to the little berg.
"Squire Dyson who was the first storekeeper, postmaster, justice of the
peace, etc., named the village Point Pleasant, presumably, because of the
abrupt way his hill (now Jackson's hill) obtruded its shoulder into the valley
and he doubtless thought it a pleasant community to live in. and despite a
few drawbacks, quite a number of people will agree with him even now.
"As was before stated. Squire Joseph Dyson was the first merchant in
town, his store being on the lot in the rear of the house lately occupied by his
daughter-in-law, Christena Dyson. The building faced the mill and his
goods were brought overland from Baltimore, Maryland. Squire Dyson died
about 1840, but the business was continued by his oldest son Thomas, who
soon after erected the store room now occupied by Flanagan's and the Balti-
35^ GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
more & Ohio railroad having been built it was necessary to haul goods from
Cambridge only.
"One of the early industries of the village was a tan yard, located on the
square now occupied by Mrs. J. O. Ryan and the Secrest opera house block.
The nearby oak forests furnished bark in abundance for tanning, and raw
hides were skillfully and quickly converted into leather of the most approved
sort.
"Possibly the first industry of Pleasant City and certainly the one most
appreciated by the pioneers was an old-fashioned mill run by water power.
Here their grain was ground on the old mill stones and the convenience of
having a mill so near home was fully appreciated by the farmers. At an
early date an arrangement was made whereby the mill enjoyed dual power —
steam and water — so that in summer when the creek run low steam power was
substituted for water and the wheels run on their ceaseless grind. About this
time a woolen mill was erected alongside the flour mill and this new enter-
prise proved almost invaluable to the town. People came for miles and miles,
bringing their wool to be spun into yarn or woven into cloth or blankets. As
a matter of course this cloth and these blankets were like all other home-made
articles — twice as good as any made elsewhere.
"About fifty years ago Harrison Secrest came to make his home in Point
Pleasant and up to date the village cannot boast of a more energetic or enter-
prising citizen. He was ever a builder. He burned a brick kiln and built
the only brick building the village could boast till the bank building was erected
this season. He built the first frame school house the village could boast on
the site now occupied by the Masonic hall. An over-conservative building
committee decided on a one-room house, but Secrest could not see it that way
and erected a two-story building, defraying the extra cost himself. Though
over-crowded much of the time, these two rooms proved adequate for school
until the present structure was erected in the autumn of 1891. Some of the
most notable teachers of this regime were the following : M. L. Spaid, John
Wesley Spaid, Alfred Weedon and J. B. Garber. Of the teachers at the old
log school house the names heard oftenest are Preacher Gilbreath, John
Robins, Joseph Dyson, William Secrest, Wash, Bird and William Hawkins.
Wash Glass was more or less successful in teaching three distinct generations
to sing buckwheat-notes and all.
"The spiritual wants of this pioneer people were looked after by the old
time circuit rider. The greatest of all these both in the magnitude of his
work and the far-reaching influence of his life, was the late Rev. William Keil,
a minister of the Lutheran persuasion who came into this section from Vir-
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 353
ginia about 1830, possibly a little earlier. His parish was all of southeastern
Ohio and now constitutes six or eight counties. A great number of congre-
gations were organized by him. In this village the oldest society in point of
organization was the Methodist Episcopal and Mrs. Samuel Jackson is, if
we mistake not, the only charter member living. From the first the Luther-
ans here were numerous, but all held their membership either at Mt. Zion or
Hartford, but later a society of that faith was formed here and for many
years the two societies worshipped in the one building which was later known
as the Methodist Episcopal church. Finally the inevitable happened and after
a big "church row" the Lutherans erected their own church and dedicated it
to St. Paul the Apostle.
"No preacher of either denomination, however, exerted influence to com-
pare with Father Kiel, who died only a few years ago at the great age of
ninety-three years.
"In this connection it might not be amiss to say a few words on the war
of the Rebellion. The Robins family were from the isle of Guernsey, having
come to America in 1807. The Jackson and Thompson families were from
Pennsylvania, but without exception, I think every other family in the town-
ship came from Virginia. Up to the time the war broke out almost every
year witnessed some of the pioneers going to visit their relatives "back yonder
in the Shenandoah valley." That the settlement desired the preservation of
the Union goes without saying, but that they were reluctant to fight their
Virginia cousins is also plain. Thus there were few volunteers from Valley
township, and N. H. Larrick, one of the few, fought against a cousin at the
battle of Winchester.
"After the close of the war life soon resumed its humdrum existence.
The first indication of real progress was the building of the Marietta division
of the Pennsylvania railroad. This afforded shipping facilities for the farm-
ers to send out their crops and the merchants to have their merchandise ship-
ped to their very doors.
"But all things change. The pioneers almost without exception have
gone to their reward. Mrs. Katie Secrest Dickerson, of Derwent, well along
in her ninetieth year. Grandma Savely. almost eighty-six, and the venerable
Michael Secrest, now eighty-three years old. are all that truly can be con-
sidered members of that pioneer band. M. S. Dyson and his sister. Lucy
Dyson Flanagan, are the oldest resident natives of Pleasant City. The oldest
house by the way has been overhauled and is now occupied by George Stewart.
This was the old Squire Dyson homestead. The second house erected is the
Markley property, now occupied by B. F. Richey, the silversmith. The Jack-
(23)
354 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
son homestead was torn down a few years ago to make way for Doctor Kack-
ley's new house. The old building on the corner lately occupied by Christena
Dyson is the fourth in point of years.
"In 1892 work was begun on the Cisco mine, this being the first effort
toward the cultivation of our great coal fields. This date can rightly be con-
sidered the close of the middle ages of Pleasant City. Change in the economic
conditions wrought great change in the social and business outlook. The
town shook off the lethargic condition in which it had lain for a full half cen-
tury. The town was truly taken by the strangers and the original settlers
now form but a scanty handful.
"The coal fields here are bound to last many years. The glass factory
will doubtless prove an ultimate success. And with the natural advantage
afforded by cheap fuel and adequate shipping facilities the old Point Pleasant
of the pioneers day is bound to advance beyond the fondest dreams of my
energetic and optimistic grandfather, Harrison Secrest.
"Abe T. Secrest,
"Bleak House, December 21, 1904."
business factors of 1910.
Tn the years to come, no doubt the following business directory of this
town will be of more interest than at present, but the record must needs be
made now that future men and women may have the pleasure and profit of
reading it. In the autumn of 19 10 the following conducted the business of
Pleasant City:
Banking, The Peoples Bank; hardware firms, Larrick Hardware Com-
pany and T. A. Spade ; furniture dealers, John Langley and E. C. Heade &
Company, who also carried on the undertaking business ; drugs, J. A. Kackley ;
grocers, F. C. Shively, A. F. Lady. John Burt. J. T. Flanigan : dry goods, E.
L. Grossman, M. Williams, R. O. Knott ; general merchandise dealers, H. T.
Condon, W. H. Secrest: flour and feed, in all branches, O. F. Young, estab-
lished in 1908, does both a wholesale and retail business; merchant tailor,
F. A. Meecham ; photographer, A. L. Norman ; jewelers, Adam Davis, W. T.
Knott; shoemakers, Lewis Weaver and L. B. Archer; hotel. J. W. Kackley;
restaurants, Will Reese. Charles Dotts; livery. Harold Scott and J. W. Kack-
lev; live stock shipper. J. Laughlin; blacksmiths, John Boswell, J. "W Johnson;
wagonmaker, "W. F. Cochran; newspaper, the Recorder; opera hall, J. M.
Secrest; harness dealer, J. A. Prior; physicians, Drs. J. A. Kackley, H. H.
Bown, W. F. YYallenfelze: dentist, C. J. Fachner. D. D. S. ; mills, the Pleas-
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 355
ant City Flouring Mills, R. J. Johnson, proprietor, with other smaller inter-
ests.
The civic orders here represented are the Masons, Odd Fellows and
Knights of Pythias, mentioned in the general chapters of this work.
The churches having existence here now and having edifices are the fol-
lowing: Methodist Episcopal, Evangelical Lutheran and Greek Catholic.
The last named is one of three of this denomination in Ohio.
The present flouring mill plant is a roller process mill erected in 1886
and has a daily capacity of forty barrels of dour. The Pleasant City Cornet
Band is the pride of the place and has fifteen members.
MUNICIPAL HISTORY.
Pleasant City was incorporated in 1896. Its present officers are: Mr.
Shivery, mayor: O. R. Taylor, clerk; J. S. Secrest, marshal; H. PL Bound,
W. F. Bierley. R. O. Hipslev, Ed. Archer and George House, councilmen.
A volunteer fire department is well organized and aided by an engine
of the gasoline type. The village is lighted by natural gas. The municipal
officers have their office in a rented room.
Of the postoffice, it may be said that there are now three rural routes
extending out from the place, and these are of much convenience and public
service. The postmasters who have served here include the following per-
sons: J. B. Allison, T. A. Dyson, Mrs. S. M. Lee Dyson, A. C. Flanagan,
James Laughlin, A. C. Flanagan, Adam Davis, Mrs. Allie Sims. J. P. Strana-
than, W. D. Archer.
The office was originally known as Dyson, but changed in 1887 by J. P.
Stranathan, when he was made postmaster, serving until July, 1909. Then
it should be remembered that what was called Point Pleasant vicinity and
Dyson postoffice is now known as Pleasant City, and is so incorporated.
Fairview is an addition to Pleasant City, yet not within the incorporation.
It is a sightly tract of land on the opposite side of the railway track from the
town proper and is largely residence property, with a few business houses.
About 1902 there was a glass works plant installed in Pleasant City, in
which a Cincinnati firm manufactured telephone and telegraph insulators in
vast quantities, but finally the business was closed down and recently some
Pittsburg steel makers have leased the buildings, which are the property of
citizens of the town, and are there conducting a series of experiments in a
new process of producing steel, which bids fair to open up another great in-
dustry here as well as elsewhere.
356 guernsey county, ohio,
buffalo (old hartford).
Hartford was platted September 26, 1836, by David Johnston and John
Secrest. on the southeast quarter of section 4, township 8, range 9, in Buffalo
township, as then described. "When the postoffice was established the name
was fixed by the government authorities as Buffalo. The postoffice is now
kept in the general store of A. E. Wycoff, the present postmaster. The first
mails through this office were received over the old stage line, which was then
the only means of carrying the mails. The present receipts of this postoffice
amount to six hundred and seventy-three dollars per year. Two mails go
and come daily from this point. The following have served as postmasters
since about 1880: J. T. Corbett, T. M. Mills, Thomas Moss and A. E.
Wycoff.
This place is not among the incorporated places in the county, but is
under charge of the township authorities.
The old Hartford mills, at this place, were erected about one hundred
years ago and were great in their day. These flouring mills were propelled
by water power, but have not been operated for about thirty years when the
new patent process and the milling trusts took the business away from the
old fashioned "mill-stone" mills of the country. The upper portion of this
old mill is now fitted up and used as a public hall and opera house.
The largest fire in Buffalo, in recent years, occurred in September,
1909, when three barns, three horses and a large amount of hay were con-
sumed, making a loss of about three thousand five hundred dollars.
About July, 1906, the postoffice was entered, and sixteen dollars taken
from the place ; no one was ever arrested for the crime.
The commercial and social interests of Buffalo (Hartford) are
as follows today: Physician, Dr. J. E. Robbins; flouring mill, McLauglin
Brothers; the Hartford coal mine, operated by the Cambridge Colliery
Company ; agricultural implements. John Steele ; general stores, Hazzard
& Williams, C. J. Spaid, E. J. Blair, T. M. Wills, A. E. Wycoff; livery,
"Buck" Scott; stock dealers, Alpine & McLaughlin; meat market, Ed. Mc-
Laughlin ; hotels, the American and Park. Drugs are dispensed by the phy-
sician of the town. There are two churches, Lutheran and Methodist. (See
chapter on churches.) Buffalo is illuminated by natural gas piped from West
Virginia, by the Ohio Light and Fuel Company.
CHAPTER XXXVIII.
MISCELLANEOUS EVENTS OF INTEREST.
In the compiling of any work having under consideration so many topics
and subjects it becomes necessary to place them in chapters and sub-chapters.
After all this has been accomplished, there are many items which are still
not provided for, hence the propriety of having a chapter of miscellaneous
items, which, nevertheless, are of fully as much vital interest and usually
more interesting than some of the regular chapters of a book. Such is the
case in the chapter now before the reader's eyes. In it will be found a col-
lection of references, many quotations from old settlers and old newspaper
files, etc., which can not fail to be of much value and interest to all readers.
Such items are properly indexed and readily found.
UNIQUE ADVERTISEMENTS.
The Cambridge newspaper files have had in the many years of their pub-
lication numerous local advertisements which are out of the ordinary and
strike one, today, as being odd and interesting, both for the historic matter
and the peculiar manner of expression employed in the long-ago day in
which the printer set them up. Below are samples of such unique notices:
"$50 reward! ! !
"Ran away from the Subscriber on Sunday night, the 7th instant, from
Mr. Sunnafrank's. near Cambridge, a negro man named Emanuel, about
forty-five years of age, five feet three inches high, of a very dark complexion,
his lips very thick, long head, a small scar on his forehead, large white eyes,
is apt to roll up his eyes when spoken to, his beard mixed with grey hairs.
Had on, when he ran off, a blue cloth coat, blue jean pantaloons, and a black
fur hat. He is very homely and very humble — took with him a large
wallet of clothes — the wallet made of a blanket. The above Reward will be
given for him if apprehended, and secured in jail so that I get him again. I
shall stop near Somerset, Perry County, Ohio.
"November 8th, 1831. Garrott Freeman."
358 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
A SLAVE CASE.
"Among the passengers who arrived at this place from Bel-Aire by the
morning train of last Friday { the train which met with disaster near this
place) was a Air. F. M. Graham, of Fleming county, Kentucky, on his way
home from Richmond, Virginia, having in his charge two slave boys, named
Lewelman and Enoch, aged respectively ten and eleven years. While at
the station waiting for a train to take the party west, it became known that
the boys were slaves, and thereupon one of our citizens applied to Probate
Judge Delong for a writ of habeas corpus, to the end that the boys should be
set free. The writ was issued, and the lads were immediately taken into cus-
tody by Sheriff Burris, and brought before his Honour. At this stage of the
proceeding, Air. Graham asked for a postponement of the hearing of the case,
on the ground that he was not the owner of the boys and unprepared to go
into the examination then. He made affidavit to these facts, and the Judge
postponed further proceeding until Thursday, the 21st instant. The Sheriff
has the boys in his custody.
"Mr. Graham stated that the lads were placed in his care by Mr. N.
M. Lee, of Richmond, Virginia, to be taken to Flemmingsburg, Kentucky,
where said Lee has a brother residing, and that he was instructed to go by
the river from Wheeling to Maysville. but in consequence of the close of navi-
gation, he concluded to take the Central railroad.
"Messrs. Buchanan, Bushfield and Ferguson are counsel for the appli-
cation for freedom of the boys, and Messrs. White and Wagstaff for the
claimant." — Guernsey Times, December 28, 1854.
At a hearing of the case on December 21, 1854. the boys were set free,
and D. M. Baldridge, of Senecaville, was appointed their guardian, and im-
mediately took them in charge.
THE "UNDERGROUND RAILROAD."
Not many years ago there was in the hands of Mrs. John R. Finley, of
Senecaville, a very old, interesting document showing much on the subject
of abolition days and the establishing of a section of the "Underground
Railroad," as the course over which the run-away slaves were spirited away
by members of the Abolition party was called. It was found among the
papers of the late William Thompson. The instrument last seen was time
worn and stained, having been handled by the curious for several decades.
Its first page contained the following :
i
GUERNSEY COUNTY. OHIO. 359
"Records of the Senecaville Colonization Society of Guernsey County,
Ohio, auxiliary to the American Colonization Society of Washington.
"Pursuant to public notice a number of the citizens of Senecaville and
its vicinity convened at the Presbyterian meeting-house in Senecaville July
6, 1829.
"The meeting was organized and chose Rev. William C. Kiel president
for the time being and Rev. Daniel Pettay, secretary, with David Frame,
treasurer.
"It was resolved at this meeting:
"That there be a committee of three members to draft rules for the
government of the society. William Thompson, Esq.. David Satterthwaite.
Esq., and Dr. David Frame were duly appointed.
"Resolved that the chairman deliver an address at the next meeting.
(Signed) "Daniel Pettay. Secretary.
"William G. Kiel, President."
Out of this Colonization Society grew the organization known as the
"Underground Railroad." by which the Abolitionists helped many of the
slaves to liberty. The home of Doctor Baldridge was a depot on this line,
and many a slave found lodgement and comfort there while on his way to
freedom in Canada. Among the most prominent Abolitionists of this local-
itv (Senecaville) during the thirty years following were Rev. William C.
Kiel, who left Virginia, his native state, on account of his hatred for salvery;
Doctor Baldridge, Doctor David Frame, Dr. Noah Hill and Judge William
Thompson.
During the years closely preceding the Civil war, and before and after
the passing of the Fugitive Slave law, a number of men in Ohio and the ad-
joining states formed a secret compact, whereby fleeing slaves were to be
aided in reaching their haven of safety, Canada, and protected from the pur-
suit of their masters while on the way. About the first station reached in
Guernsey county by slaves coming north was at Senecaville, where a William
Thompson took them in charge. From Senecaville the fugitives were usually
taken to Byesville. where they were placed in the custody of Jonathan Bye,
the Quaker founder of that city. From Byesville they generally made their
way by successive stages to Cleveland, whence they found little difficulty in
penetrating to Canada.
Owing to various circumstances, however, it was sometimes considered
expedient to bring them by way of Cambridge. When this plan was adopted,
they were brought from Byesville. and given into the charge of either Alex-
360 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
ander McCracken or Samuel Craig, both hearty believers in manumission and
earnest workers in the interests of the unfortunate black men. Craig lived
where the Craig store now stands, at the corner of Wheeling avenue and
Eighth street, and the two men sheltered many a slave during the time in
which the "Underground Railroad" operated.
Mr. Craig died some years ago, but Mr. McCracken is still living, at
the advanced age of ninety-six years, in full possession of his faculties. He
relates that upon one occasion he had in his keeping two negro men, closely
pursued by their owner. The usual road by which Mr. McCracken con-
ducted the slaves in his charge to the next station was called the Newcomers-
town, or Birmingham road. But upon this road there lived a man who fre-
quently played the spy upon the "railroaders," and, fearing that he would in-
form upon him, Mr. McCracken placed the men in a wagon, making them
lie as flat as possible, and covering them with a buffalo-robe, set off about ten
o'clock at night, taking the Steubenville road. About three miles out he came
to the place where the Xewcomerstown road intersects that upon which he
was traveling. By taking this latter road he was able to get to the next
station without difficulty, and by this manoeuver was able to outwit the
malicious spy. He reached the next station, Daniel Broom's, about four
miles north of Cambridge, delivered his charges, and returned to Cam-
bridge, arriving about daybreak.
From Broom's, slaves were taken to Adam Miller, six miles from town
on the Newcomerstown road. From Adam Miller's to Peter B. Sarchet's, the
next station, was about two miles. From Sarchet's to David Virtue, who was
the next "railroader," was about eight miles. Virtue took them to the Stew-
ard tavern, on the Newcomerstown road, from which, leaving the Newcom-
erstown road, they went directly north to Newport, a town on the Ohio canal,
about ten miles east of Newcomerstown. This will show the system by which
the runaways were smuggled through Guernsey county. Their ultimate goal
was, of course, Canada, but from this county they made for Cleveland.
It is related that two prominent men in Oberlin, Ohio, were found aiding
in the escape of runaway slaves and were sentenced to spend two years in the
penitentiary. A petition was circulated, however, and was signed so univer-
sally that their release followed within a few days, and they were spared the
degradation attendant upon prison exile.
There were seldom more than two slaves at a time being spirited through.
Various were the means of concealing them from the wrathful eyes of their
pursuers, such as hiding them in shocks of corn, in dark cellars, and other
likely places of concealment. Sometimes those who were antagonistic to
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 36 1
the "railroaders" would impede their progress by piling the roads full of logs,
thus obliging them to make wide detours in arriving at their destinations.
Sometimes negroes found it so pleasant to live without labor, well fed and
comfortable, that they would return secretly, and run the circuit of "under-
ground stations" again. When suspected, the}' lulled suspicion by glib false-
hoods and fictitious tales as to their identity.
Nevertheless, the "Underground Railroad" was productive of much good,
and despite the precarious methods employed, the constant danger, and the
sacrifice of time and labor, those who were active in the service never re-
gretted their part in alleviating the sufferings of the unfortunate runaway
slaves.
SOME PECULIAR NOTICES.
The following appeared in the Guernsey Times for March 30, 1826.
It is here reproduced as a convincing illustration of the scarcity of money
which prevailed in those days, and the necessity a merchant was under of
publicly dunning his impecunious debtors :
"The subscriber is now determined to close his books, and therefore
all those that know themselves to be indebted to him, either by note, book
accompt or otherwise, are required to come forward, & discharge the same,
as no longer indulgence will be given. The following kinds of trade will
be taken, if delivered in the course of this month.
Pork Bees-Wax
Wheat Tallow
Flax-Seed Rags
Deer-Skins Linen
Feathers Lard
Whiskey Butter. &c.
"James Hutchison.
"Cambridge. January 5th, 1826.
More ludicrous, however, were some of the advertisements of runaway
apprentices, and the dazzling rewards promised those who should apprehend
the delinquents. The following are fair specimens:
362 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
"SIX CENTS REWARD ! ! !
"Runaway from the subscriber on Wednesday, the 4th inst, a hound
boy named
"JAMES HITE
"'About sixteen years of age. All persons are forbid harboring or
trusting said boy on my account. The above reward will be given for re-
turning him. but no charges will be paid.
"Wm. McDonnell.
"Cambridge, April 9, 1827."
— Times, April 13, 1827.''
"ONE CENT REWrARD ! ! !
"Absconded on the 15th instant. Cyrus E. Cook, an indented appren-
tice to the carpenter and joiner business. Said boy went off without any
just cause or provocation. All persons are forewarned from hiring, har-
boring or aiding said boy in making his escape, as the law will be put in
force against them.
"Zephaniah C. Suitt.
"Cambridge, September 22, 1838."
SHERIFF'S SALE.
"By virtue of two writs of Execution to me directed, from the Court
of Common Pleas of Guernsey County, at the suit of Nicholas Shipley,
against William Bernard, I will offer for sale at the late residence of the
said William Bernard, in Londonderry Township, in said county of Guern-
sey, on the 7th day of April next at 10 o'clock A. M., the following goods
and chattels, to-wit : One bedstead and chaff bed. three barrels, one tub, one
table, one churn, two crocks, one cream jug, one funnel, one pair of hand
bellows, five chairs, one reel, two small bags of flax-seed, a few bushels of
corn, eight brooms, a few bushels of potatoes, nine geese, five hogs, one
flax break, a quantity of hay in the barn, a few bushels of wheat in the sheaf,
one cow, one sheep, one pot, one shovel and one hay fork.
"Wm. Allison, Sheriff G. C.
"Sheriff's Office, Cambridge, March 22d, 1826."
Another absconding apprentice was thus disposed of by his irate mas-
ter, this advertisement appearing in the Times for July 19, 1834:
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 363
"FIVE CENTS REWARD.
"Ran away from the subscriber, living near Washington, Guernsey
county, Ohio, on Sunday, the sixth instant, an indented APPRENTICE, named
EDWARD KIRK, eighteen years of age, about five feet, six inches high,
with brown hair and gray eyes. He is somewhat pompous and foppish in
his manners, and had on and took away with him a light, cotton-drilling
roundabout, a black home-spun cloth coat, a black fur and a fine Palm-leaf
hat, one pair of Angola cassimere, and three pairs of Pittsburg-Cord Panta-
loons, a Valencia vest and three shirts. The above mentioned reward shall
be paid to the person taking up and returning said boy to me. Any person
harboring and employing him may expect to be prosecuted therefor.
"Samuel Bigger.
"Washington. July 17th, 1834."
Probably there is no one who has not heard of the curiosities known
as the "Siamese Twins." These peculiar freaks visited Cambridge in De-
cember, 1832, while making their tour of the United States. The following
advertisement appeared in the Times of November 30, 1832:
"SIAMESE TWINS.
"For Two Days Only.
"The ladies and gentlemen of Cambridge and its neighborhood are
very respectfully acquainted that the
SIAMESE TWIN BROTHERS
will be at Mr. Metcalf's hotel, in that Town, on Tuesday and Wednesday
next, the 4th and 5th of December.
"The Twin Brothers are in their twenty-second year, in the enjoyment
of excellent health — and have caused much surprise in this country, as well
as in Europe, from the extraordinary manner in which their bodies are joined
together.
"The price of Admission will be Twenty-five Cents.
"Their room will be open from 2 o'clock till 4 in the afternoon, and
from 6 to 8 in the evening.
"November 30th, 1832.
"Pamphlets containing an historical account, and a likeness of the Twins,
can be had in their room only — price, 12J/2 cts."
364
GI'KRXSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
STATE OF DACOTAH.
"The St. Louis Gazette mentions the probability that some time within
the next fifteen years, another star will be added to our constellation, with
the title of the State of Dacotah. It will extend, according that paper, over
the Prairie region north of Iowa, stretching probably from the Missouri
to the Mississippi river, embracing the country watered by the St. Peters,
the Sioux and the Jaques rivers, and include a part of the Coteau de Prairie.
Its latitude will be the same as Michigan, northern New York, Vermont and
New Hampshire, with a soil far superior to the average of these states taken
together."
— Guernsey Times, March 6, 1841.
CAMBRIDGE MARKETS.
( Gurriiscji Times. 1S54.)
Wheat, bu $1.03
Corn, do 40
Oats, do 37
Flax seed, do 75
Timothy, do 3.00
Clover, do 4.50
Beans, do 1.00
Onions, do 75
Potatoes, do 37
Corn meal, do 44
Coal, do 04
Flour, cwt 2.75
Flour, bbl 5.50
Hay, ton 8.00
Wood, cord 1.00
Eggs, doz 10
Socks, pair 31
Dried Peaches, 1.50
do. ..
fresh
Wool, lb $0.30345
6a 8
IS
3^a 4
4a 8
9
7
12
Bacon,
Butter,
Pork
Beef, do. .
Tallow, do.
Lard, do. .
Candles, do.
Beeswax, do. 25
Calf skins, do 6*4
Hides, do 4
Soap, do. 3
Feathers, do 33
Flannel, white, 50
Do., barred 62
Linsey 3^33
Linen 25a37
Rag carpet 25337
The price of produce of all kinds fluctuated greatly in the years imme-
diately preceding the great panic. Here are two reports taken from the
Guernsey Times of June and July, 1854:
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 365
"When we went to press last week, the price of wheat in the market
was one dollar and seventy cents per bushel. Since then, it has fallen to one
dollar and forty cents. We have heard of a few persons. who refused to sell
their wheat when it was one dollar and eighty cents, expecting a still higher
figure. These do not belong to the 'luck in leisure' class." — June 29, 1854.
"On Monday morning last the price of wheat came down to one dollar
per bushel." — July 6. 1854.
CAMBRIDGE MARKET, 1S37.
"Flour — This article is selling at six dollars and fifty cents per barrel
from stores and mills. Wagon price, six dollars.
"Corn — Is selling at fifty cents per bushel, and in great demand.
"Oats — Fifty cents per bushel is freely given. In great demand.
"Wheat has fallen to one dollar per bushel.
"Bacon — The hog round — from six to seven cents — hams, seven cents."
— Guernsey Times, May 6, 1837.
1840 — Wheat, forty cents; corn, twenty-four cents; oats, eighteen cents;
flax, seventy-five cents ; beans, seventy-five cents ; flour, per barrel, two dol-
lars and seventy-five cents ; salt, two dollars and seventy-five cents ; butter,
eight cents per pound; lard, six cents; bacon, six and one-fourth cents.
MARKET PRICES AT LATER DATES.
It may not be without interest to know of the market quotations in
Guernsey at different times in the history of the county. During the Civil
war the following prices obtained in 1865: Wheat, two dollars per bushel;
corn, eighty cents; oats, fifty-five cents; timothy seed, five dollars per bushel;
beans, two dollars; onions a dollar and a quarter; potatoes, seventy cents;
salt, three dollars and fifty cents per barrel ; flour, eleven dollars a barrel ;
hay, eighteen dollars per ton; rags, five cents per pound (for paper-mak-
ing); eggs, twenty-five cents per dozen; butter, forty cents; hogs, twelve
dollars per hundredweight; beef, ten dollars and fifty cents per hundred-
weight; candles, twenty-five cents per pound: tea, one dollar and fifty cents
to two dollars and fifty cents per pound ; sugar, twenty-five to thirty cents a
pound; country socks, fifty cents a pair; wood, two dollars and seventy-five
cents per cord. These prices were based on the greenback money and "shin-
plaster" money then commonly used ; gold was at a premium, running as
high as two dollars and eighty-eight cents. But our money was good. As a
366 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
contrast, we will give the current prices in Richmond, Virginia, in 1863,
when the war was at its midway stage :
Corn, eleven dollars per bushel ; oats, six dollars per bushel ; hav, ten
dollars per hundredweight; apples, forty-five cents apiece, or forty-five dol-
lars per barrel ; onions, sixty-five dollars per bushel ; lard, two dollars a
pound; butter, three dollars and fifty cents per pound; cheese, two dollars per
pound; fresh beef, seventy-five cents a pound by the quarter; Irish potatoes,
six dollars per bushel ; white beans, one dollar per bushel ; peanuts, twelve
dollars and fifty cents per bushel; cranberries, one dollar and fifty cents a
quart ; turkeys, twelve dollars each ; oysters, twelve dollars a gallon. This
was payable in Confederate money.
PRESENT PRICES.
The quotations of today — 1910 — may be of little interest to the present
reader, but will be read with interest by another generation, hence will be
subjoined. The following quotations are from Chicago markets largely :
Cattle, from four dollars and fifty cents to seven dollars and fifty cents;
calves, from seven dollars and twenty-five cents to nine dollars and twenty-
five cents ; hogs, six dollars and ninety-five cents ; sheep, three dollars and
fifty cents to four dollars and fifty cents ; wheat, ninety-one cents ; corn, for-
ty-four cents; oats, thirty-one cents; mess pork, six dollars and fifty cents.
Groceries in Cambridge, at retail, were : Flour, two dollars and sixty
cents per hundredweight; granulated sugar, eighteen pounds per dollar;
rolled oats, per pound, eight cents ; seeded rasins, ten cents ; tomatoes, eight
to ten cents per can ; corn, eight, ten and twelve cents per can ; crackers, seven
cents per pound ; potatoes, seventy cents ; rice, eight and ten cents : breakfast
bacon, twenty-five cents ; lard, sixteen cents.
CALIFORNIA GOLD FEVER HERE.
The following was published in the centennial history of this county
in the columns of the Jeffersonian, in 1876. and the author here makes use of
it again :
"At once after the discovery of gold in California, the fever for emi-
gration to the new Eldorado broke out in Guernsey county. Her people have
the reputation of being restless and ever on the move, which fact may be
traced to her former inefficient agricultural state and to the then and now
want of manufacturing enterprise. It has become a saying that Guernsey
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 36/
county people are found everywhere, Go where you will, some of them are
sure to confront you. and in connection with the California emigration of
1849-50, she shares the early honors with Posey county, Illinois, and Pike
county, Missouri.
"Posey county wagons will long he rememhered, and a Pike county, Mis-
souri, reminiscence of those days will long live in the song of Joe Bowers, in
which is related the terrible account of a black-headed Californian having
borne to him a red-headed baby. This doggerel will live as long as the more
pretentious poems of Joaquin Miller and his imitators.
"Guernsey county gave to California many names for sites of towns,
placers, valleys, etc., and Moore's Flat, named for Gen. J. G. Moore, who
led the first Guernsey company, will be remembered as long as there is a
California history to relate how the many worn and hungry emigrants poured
down from the mountains to the hospitable and generous cabins of the Cam-
bridge-California Mining Company, for by that name was the organization
known, having for its object, 'the accumulation of gold and silver by mining
and trafficking in the gold regions of California and Xew Mexico.'
"The company was organized March 31, 1849. ;U1(' was to continue two
years. It was the first company, we believe, which was organized in the state
for this purpose. The shares of the stock were one hundred dollars each,
and all members were to share alike in the accumulations, no matter if they
became physically unable to labor. Members were permitted to send dele-
gates, the agreements with whom were to be filed with the secretary. No
division of the accumulations was to be made until the proposed return in
185 1. It was "stipulated that no service was to be performed on the Sab-
bath day, except for the protection of the lives or property of the members
of the company, and that 'members should recognize each other as brothers,
by being affable and gentlemanly in their deportment.'
"No amendment was to be permitted to the constitution of the company,
except in 'full meeting and without one dissenting voice." Gambling, either
among themselves or with others, was prohibited, and the use of intoxicating
drinks, except under medical advice, was forbidden. This was perhaps the
first prohibition movement ever inaugurated in the county. These stipulations
were not rigidly adhered to by some of the members and delegates. Many of
the members never came back, some died, and others made California their
permanent residence, and their families have there become honourable mem-
bers of society, and been elevated to many official places of great trust. The
company as originally organized consisted of the following persons : Zaccheus
Beattv, J. G. Moore, Joseph Stoner, Andrew Ilanna, C. D. Bute. X. L. Wolv-
368 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
erton, Sol. Sunnafrank. George Chance, John Boyd, Henry Shively. James
Kirkpatrick. John McKelvey, Samuel M. Roberts, John Clark, Samuel John-
( Members who sent delegates.)
Members. Delegates.
Eliza Turner Benjamin Plummer
Boaz Lofland William Lofland
William Shaw James Allison
M. Green John Beall
A. E. Cook Alfred Cook
T. P. Tingle John Hutchison
William Abell
Noah Hyatt John X. Davis
Abraham Conrad
H. C. Ferguson Jacob Ferguson
John Sunnafrank William M. Rabe
Jenkin Mulvane Seth J. Dickinson
John Mulvane "
O. H. Davis Aron Patterson
William H. Craig "
E. Steese J. Ax
C. Basset "
William K. Davis James V. Davis
Charles Armor "
BOUND FOR THE LAND OF GOLD.
(Guernsey Times, March 26, 1852.)
"On Tuesday last the following persons departed from this place, bound
for California, by the overland route: Jeremiah Jefferson. Cambridge;
Milton Jefferson. Cambridge : Franklin Jefferson, Cambridge ; Josiah Mor-
gan, Cambridge: Thomas Bryan, Cambridge: John Morrow, Cambridge;
Andrew Cowen, Cambridge Township ; John Black, Cambridge Township :
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 369
Alex. McNary, Cambridge Township; Daniel Burton. Cambridge Township;
John McCulley, Knox Township; Alex. Johnston. Knox Township; J. W.
Dennison, Senecaville ; William Rigg, Jackson Township; Jesse Huggins,
Jackson Township; George Murphy, Westland Township; Spear McKinney,
Westland Township; John Elliott, Rich Hill, Muskingum; William Hutch-
ison, Rich Hill, Muskingum; Johnson Morgan, Rich Hill, Muskingum; Cal-
vin Morgan, Rich Hill, Muskingum ; Roseman Cox, Rich Hill, Muskingum."
[Times, April 2, 1S52.)
"On Monday last the following named persons left this place for Cali-
fornia, by the overland route: W. K. Davis, wife and five children; Joseph
Stoner, John Wharton, George W, Curtis, James Hammond, Francis Ham-
mond. Israel Jackson, Charles Scott, James Cochran, John F. Ellis, James
Pollard. All go in the employ of Messrs. Davis and Brown, who design driv-
ing a large number of stock across the plains to California."
THE PENNYROYAL REUNION SOCIETY.
What has come to be a very interesting reunion in this county, is known
as the Pennyroyal Reunion, which was organized and the first meeting held
in 1S80. The Guernsey Times of August 26th of that year speaks of its
history as follows :
"For Pennyroyaldom, my friends,
For Pennyroyaldom !
We'll take the cup of kindness yet.
For Pennyroyaldom !"
"The long anticipated Pennyroyal Reunion of the natives and former
and present residents of Oxford township took place last week. The fol-
lowing is a brief program of the proceedings :
"First day, Tuesday morning. — About ten o'clock President J. O.
Grimes came forward and announced that the time had arrived for the com-
mencement of the exercises, and, after prayer was offered by Rev. I. N.
White, in the absence of Rev. Hugh Forsythe, he introduced Hon. Newell
Kennon, who delivered a splendid address of welcome. He spoke feelingly
and with much dramatic intensity of the early pioneer days, now buried in
the past, recalled a number of interesting customs, detailed several reminis-
cences, and succeeded in rousing the enthusiasm of those present. To his
effective address, Rev. D. Paul, D. D., of Xew Concord, responded in an
(24)
3JO GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
energetic and affecting manner. Doctor Paul's marked style of oratory has
often been noted and admired, but never were his powers used to better pur-
pose than on this day. He succeeded in deeply impressing the audience gath-
ered around the stand, all scions of old Penny royaldom, a manly, noble race
indeed.
"President Grimes made a short but pleasing speech at this juncture,
thanking the managers of the association for the high honor bestowed upon
him in electing him to the presidency of a social reunion such as this. He
felt honored above his brethren, and did not know why he had been singled
out from others worthier and better fitted than himself. He spoke of the
palmy days of the National pike, Oxford's only public improvement, and
recommended further improvement of the roadway. The meeting was then
adjourned for dinner, and a more joyful crowd of men and women never
before picnicked in old Oxford. The spirit of reunion and happiness seemed
to pervade the assembly, and five hundred happy people gathered under the
forest trees, bringing up the memories of by-gone days, and diligently making
away with the chickens and other 'fixin's' prepared for the occasion.
"Tuesday Afternoon. — Promptly at one-thirty o'clock the exercises were
resumed, the crowd around the stand and through the grounds being greatly
increased by this time, until there was an audience of fourteen or fifteen hun-
dred, wild with enthusiasm and cheering vociferously. William Borton, Esq.,
was announced as first on the afternoon program, and delivered the 'History
of Pennyroyaldom,' which is briefly as follows: In the early days, shortly
after Ebenezer Zane had marked out what was known as Zane's Trace, com-
pliant to his instructions from the government, the grandfather of the
speaker, Benjamin Borton, emigrated to Oxford township. Here grew wild,
in large quantities, the pennyroyal which he had learned to distill in his na-
tive Xew Jersey. The pennyroyal plant is a native of North America, en-
tirely differing from the plant of the same name which is indigenous to Eng-
land, and possesses marked medicinal qualities. But the name Pennyroyal-
dom, as applied to Oxford township, originated in a reply of the worthy citi-
zen, Mr. Morris Morton, while commissioner of the county, to some complaint
in reference to high taxes, 'that when everything else failed, we could go
out and pull enough pennyroyal to pay them.' Out of this simple phrase rose
Pennyroyaldom, which has Oxford township for its birth-ground.
"Mr. Borton told of various incidents connected with the early history
of Guernsey county, and his remarks were received with an enthralled sil-
ence which bespoke an interest much deeper than uproarious applause can
evince.
(,r KR.XSKV COI'XTV, OHIO.
371
"Music for the occasion was furnished by the Fairview Cornet Band,
under the leadership of Prof. W. B. Lee, of Fredericktown, Ohio, and com-
posed of twelve young Oxfordites: Charlie Giffie, John Morton, Thomas
Bratton, Simeon Rosengrant, Rufus Hunt, Nathan H. Barber, Charlie Ham-
ilton, Charlie Gleeves, Edward Stevens, William H. Kesselring, Charlie 'fillet
and William Frost. They made good music, although they have had only
two years' experience.
"Mr. Robert B. Buchanan, in a well-modulated voice, read an original
poem on Pennyroyaldom, an exquisitely conceived roundelay, in fourteen
verses, which covered the subject thoroughly, and left nothing to be desired.
Never has so comprehensive a poem embraced a subject so vital as Penny-
royalism. His charming delivery added much to the effect of his poetic ad-
dress. Mr. John Kirkpatrick, secretary of the reunion, read letters of regret
and greeting from those who by force of circumstances were kept away. The
first letter submitted was from W. R. Wagstaff, Esq., of Paola, Kansas, once
editor of the Jeffersonicm. The next was from Henry Kennon, Esq., of
Princeton, Blinois, brother of Probate Judge Kennon. This interesting epistle
was followed by a letter from Dr. Stewart L. Henry, of New Orleans. The
president introduced Rev. W. H. Morton, of Cincinnati, who made a few
suitable remarks, at the close of which a beautiful selection fell upon the air,
tastefully rendered by the band. Then rose Rev. Samuel Forbes, of Sloan's
Station, Ohio, and his words were fraught with eloquence. After him came
D. D. Taylor, who made a short, humorous speech, at the same time apologiz-
ing for the absence of his brother, T. Corwin Taylor, of Washington, D. C.
Following these exercises, a grand volume of melody burst from the throats
of the 'Pennyroyal Choir,' led by Mr. E. C. Morton, singing 'Home, Sweet
Home," after which the band played again, and the crowd dispersed until
nine-thirty o'clock the next morning.
"Second Day, Wednesday Morning. — For Wednesday morning a special
business meeting had been announced, with the view to a permanent organi-
zation of a 'Pennyroyal Society.' The following committee was chosen for
the following year: W. H. Morton, Newell Kennon, J. D. Taylor, Joseph
Ferrell and William Borton. Secretary Kirkpatrick read a letter from ex-
Senator T. W. Tipton, of Brownsville, Nebraska, while the committee was
deliberating. A poem of no second merit, by Mr. Jesse Craig Weir, of Cadiz.
Ohio, was read by D. D. Taylor, who made an humorous explanation of Mr.
Weir's inability to read his own production, 'on account of native modesty.'
This was followed by a letter from John S. Taylor, of West Liberty, Iowa.
There were numerous other speakers, among whom may be mentioned J. O.
3/2 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Grimes, Rev. John Abies, Mr. Bethuel Abies, the first child born in Oxford
township, and songs were sung, and the band played.
"In the afternoon, the speakers, among whom may be mentioned Col.
John Ferguson. Mr. William Morton, -Doctor Paul, Col. J. D. Taylor, X. H.
Barber, Esq., Hon. William Lawrence, of Washington, Rev. J. T. Camp-
bell, of Hermon church, near Kimbolton, J. D. Henry, W. S. Heade, J. B.
Borton and D. D. Taylor. The closing song was 'Sweet Bye and Bye,' which
was joined in by all on the grounds in an imposing chorus. 'Praise God from
Whom all Blessings Flow,' and the benediction, pronounced by Rev. Mr.
Hollister, concluded one of the most notable meetings ever held in Guernsey
county."
These reunions have been held regularly to the present time and have
been a source of great value to old and young. Here, as at old settlers' re-
unions, the people gather from far and near and renew friendships. Many
states have been represented at these gatherings. Many men of ability and
rare talent have spoken on these occasions. Eloquent speeches and heart-
touching poems have been written and rendered here. With the passing of
the years the interest has lost none of its old-time vim, but grandchildren love
to keep sacred the memory of their forefathers in this way. An eighty-page
pamphlet souvenir of five of these reunions was published in 1885, giving.
many speeches and original poems on this unique reunion society. John Kirk-
patrick was the publisher of this interesting booklet. For many years it has
been a home-coming occasion.
A CURIOUS OLD PAPER.
Through the kindness of Bethuel Abies, Esq., of Oxford township, we
are able to give below a copy of the indentures that bound him as an appren-
tice to the blacksmith trade, more than half a century ago. The story this
paper tells of the customs, dress and requirements of that early day is an
interesting one.
"This indenture, made this twenty-third day of October, in the year of
our Lord one thousand eight hundred and twenty-two, Witnesseth :
"That Bethuel Abies, of Guernsey county and State of Ohio, by and with
the consent of his parent, John Abies, hath put himself an apprentice to David
Johnson, of the county and State aforesaid, to learn the art and mystery of
the blacksmith business in all the parts that the said Johnson follows, for the
term of five years, which term commences on the day and date above written
(the said Bethuel being aged sixteen years the 16th instant of October)
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 3JJ
and end the twenty-third day of October. Anno Domini one thousand eight
hundred and twenty-seven, during- which term the said Bethuel Abies the
said Johnson shall faithfully serve in all lawful business according to his
power, wit and ability as a dutiful apprentice ought to do. The said Bethuel
is not to follow any kind of gambling, nor waste his master's goods, his
secrets keep, and all lawful commands everywhere readily obey. Said John-
son is to teach and cause to lie taught the said Bethuel the art and mystery
of the blacksmith business in all the various parts that the said Johnson fol-
lows, according to their ability in teaching and being taught, and find the said
Bethuel in all wearing clothes, bedding and boarding and washing suitable
for an apprentice during said term ; also to get him the said Bethuel one coat,
vest-coat and pantaloons of factory cotton when he arrives at the age of
eighteen, and at the expiration of said term said Bethuel is to have one bel-
lows, one anvil, and one vise, and the liberty of the shop to make such small
tools as is necessary to start a shop with, also during said term said John-
son is to give said Bethuel six months schooling. For the true and faithful
fulfillment of the above engagements we have each of us set our hands and
seals the day and date above written.
Abraham Anderson. "David Johnson, (seal)
"Attest: "Bethuel Abies. (seal)
James Starr. "John Abies, (seal)"
— From Jeff crs oiuan, February, 1880.
EARLY HIGHWAY ROBBERY.
What is always referred to as the "Taylor Robbery" was committed in
1819 when John Tavlor, a wholesale merchant of Baltimore, Maryland, in the
fall of the year, was out on a soliciting and collecting tour through the West.
On his return journey East, carrying with him quite a large sum of money,
he stayed over night at the Black Bear tavern of Gen. Simon Beymer, in
Washington, this county. At this time Andrew Moore was keeping the old
tavern at "Smithstown," six miles east of Washington, on the old Wheeling
road. Mr. Tavlor had been a frequent guest at the Moore house. Two of the
Moore girls were visiting at the Beymer's and there met Mr. Taylor, who
told them that he would be at their house the next day for dinner. The girls
returned home earlv the next morning on horseback. Three miles east of
Washington they passed three men seated on the roadside, in a timber belt
known then and afterward as "Hubbard's woods." On reaching home the
Moore girls gave the information that they had met Mr. Taylor at Beymer's,
3£4 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
and that he would he there for dinner. As he had been a guest before, the
girls made some extra preparation for him at dinner. Dinner time came and
passed, and night came and no Air. Taylor yet. After late bedtime he came
to the house. He was admitted and acted so very different from his accus-
tomed frank and jovial manner, that Moore thought he was laboring under a
slight aberration of mind. He refused to tell where he had been or why he
had not been there for dinner. He seemd to be alarmed and weighted down
by a great mental strain. Moore kept insisting on his accounting for his
strange action, until he said that he was bound under an oath not to tell what
had caused his present condition. Moore still insisted that he should tell, and
that a promise or an oath to keep secret what had happened to him was not
binding. After much hesitation he told substantially the following: "As I was
riding along about three miles from Washington, I was halted by three men
who demanded my money, and taking my horse by the bridle led him off the
road some distance, and swearing that if I undertook to get off they would
kill me. I was taken off the horse and tied to a tree. They took my money
out of the saddlebags and divided it. They did not seem in a hurry to get
away and swore vengeance on me if I made any outcry. Two of the men
were for killing me and the horse as they did not want the horse. But the
other objected and said I should be left tied and the horse turned loose. We
were down in a deep hollow and it was getting dark. All this time I was
tied to the tree, my back against the tree, my arms tied around it. At last
they determined to leave and started off. I then made an appeal to not be
left there alone to die. One of them came back and untied my hands, after
I had made a promise that I would never tell that I had been robbed.
"He also made me promise that I would remain an hour after they left.
When it seemed to me the hour was up I made a move toward the horse,
which was tied near by. They had not left, and came to me, swearing they
would kill me, 'that dead men told no tales.* This so alarmed me that I
sank down to the ground overcome with fear. When I regained my senses, I
groped my way to the horse, and with much difficulty got to the road." When
Andrew Moore heard this story he at once gave the information to his son,
Robert B. Moore, who at once started to Washington and Cambridge to start
out a party to catch the robbers. Three squads were made up under the
leadership of General Moore, Colonel Beymer and Colonel Beatty. They
came to the conclusion that Taylor had been followed from the West and that
the men would take the back track. General Moore and Colonel Beatty
started for Coshocton taking different roads, Colonel Beymer starting for
Zanesville. In the evening of the second day they were overtaken by the
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GUERXSKY COUNTY, OHIO. ^J',
Moore and Beatty parties, near to
river. They showed tight, and Genei
witli his horse-pistol; the other tw<
had a bundle in which was the money, divided nearly equal. The amount
taken was over three thousand dollars. They were brought to Cambridge
and placed in the old log jail. After being in jail a short time, they, by some
means, raised a smoke in the cell, and called to the jailer that the cell was on
tire. This was a little after dark, the jailer opened the door to find out
what was the matter, they knocked him down, and were soon out in the dark-
ness to liberty. These robbers having followed Mr. Taylor from the West,
after passing through, taking the old Wheeling road, passing northeast and
west of the Steubenville road, could see that the nearest woods was north, so
they took from the jail in a northern direction.
The writer's mother, then a girl, was staying with Airs. Rev. Morris
during his absence from home, on the circuit. They were alarmed by the
outcry made, of "catch the thieves, this way, here they go." On going to the
door, a number of men passed by the cabin and stated to them that the
"Taylor robbers" had broke out of jail. They struck what was then known
as the "Gomber wood lot," and were never seen or heard tell of afterward.
Mr. Taylor on a return visit seemed pleased that they had made their escape.
He had got his money, and had liberally rewarded his captors, and said that
he left relieved that he did not have to appear against them as he felt that
his life was spared by his pledge made to say nothing. These robbers did
not give their true names and are only known in history as the "Taylor rob-
bers."
The above was selected from Colonel Sarchet's numerous historical
writings in the Cambridge newspapers many years ago.
HENRY CLAY IN CAMBRIDGE.
Many of the most distinguished statesmen of the nation in its early
existence passed over the National road, from their homes in the West to
the Capital and back, at the opening and closing of the sessions of Congress,
and on the inaugural occasions.
Jackson, Harrison, Taylor, Polk, Cass, Sam Houston, Davy Crockett,
Black Hawk (the renowned Indian chief), Antonio de Santa Anna were
among the most noted.
The Hon. Henry Clay was the great champion of the National road.
The reader will bear in mind that the National road and the Cumberland
3/6 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
road are one and the same. In Mallory's "Life of Henry Clay," it is stated
that lie advocated the policy of carrying forward the construction of the
Cumberland road as rapidly as possible, and we learn from his own account
that he had to beg, entreat and supplicate Congress, session after session,
to grant the necessary appropriations to complete the road. He said : "I
have toiled until my powers have become exhausted and prostrated, to pre-
vail on you to make the grant."
Hon. Henry Clay and his wife passed, in a private conveyance, through
Cambridge, Ohio, August 20, 1825, on his way to Washington, D. C. He
was accompanied by a colored driver and a body servant. There was also a
colored maid for Mrs. Clay. Great preparations had been made at Zanes-
ville to give him a grand ovation and public dinner, and many of the citizens
of Cambridge had made preparations to attend the great event.
But their joy was changed into sorrow when news came that he was
detained at Lebanon, Ohio, by the sickness of his daughter, who died there
August 11, 1825, and was buried in the old graveyard. A monument in the
old Lebanon graveyard still marks the resting place, on which is inscribed :
ELIZA L. CLAY
Died August 11, 1825.
Aged Twelve Years.
Erected by Henry and Letta Clay.
The construction of the National road was begun in 1825. The St.
Clairsville Gazette of August 26, 1825, says:
"The first division of the National road, from the Ohio river ten miles,
is now under contract, and undergoing the operation of grading."
Henry Clay passed through Cambridge November 28, 1833, in a char-
tered coach on his way to Washington, D. C. The Cumberland road was
then completed west to Zanesville, Ohio. He stopped at the old Wyatt
Hutchison house, located on the now National hotel site. He had just been
defeated in 1832 as the Whig candidate for President, by Gen. Andrew Jack-
son, in one of the most vindictive and bitter campaigns of the nation.
COLONEL SARCHET'S SEVENTY-THIRD BIRTHDAY BANQUET.
The publishers of this work deem it but appropriate to here insert a
description of the banquet tendered the author, Col. C. P. B. Sarchet, on
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 3/7
his seventy-third birthday anniversary, at the Noel house in Cambridge in
1901, the same being extracted from the local press:
As indicated in our last issue, the celebration of the seventy-third birth-
day anniversary of Col. C. P. B. Sarchet with a banquet at the Noel hotel
last Wednesday evening Was an affair full of pleasure to those present. The
guests were all above fifty years of age, with one or two exceptions. But on
this occasion they "renewed their youth" and jollity and good cheer reigned.
A number of the guests had been the associates and friends of Mr. Sarchet
for many years and this occasion served to more firmly weld that chain. A
tempting menu was furnished by Landlord Smith. At the request of Mr.
Sarchet, the Reverend Doctor Milligan was chosen master of ceremonies and
he filled the place well. Reverend Doctor McFarland invoked the blessing
and then the participants fell to feasting with an appetite like unto the days
of romping childhood and with almost the same gleeful spirit. Thus passed
an hour and then followed a season of speech-making. Doctor Milligan made
some pleasing introductory remarks and was followed by Mr. Sarchet, who
spoke as follows :
"It affords me the very highest degree of pleasure to look into the bright
smiling faces of so many old time friends. Many of you I have known all
my life long. Some of us were boys together. We sported in boyish glee.
In spring time, barefooted, riding stick horses and making music with walnut
bark whistles. In summer, down in the old swimming hole, we paddled and
splashed and kicked and swam and went under out of sight and didn't care
a fig whether school kept or not. In winter we coasted o'er the snow, on
sleds of our own make, down the hills for the pleasure of hauling them back-
up again. We skated on the ice above the old mill, cut our names in the ice,
cut circles forward and backward and played "high buck or low doe," "shin-
ney on your own side," now modern football, by day and by night. Then we
thought Old Father Time moved slowly ; we wanted to be men. As big
boys we began to go to the old time rag and candy parties, singing 'King
William' and 'Over the River to Charley,' kissing the girls and going home
with them. Then we thought that the farthest way around was the nearest
way home.
"When I look back through the years of the past to those days of boy-
hood and young manhood, the many happy hours of pleasure and social en-
joyment, and think that the great majority have passed from earth away, my
breast fills with emotions that I cannot find words to express. Many of us
entered upon the busy, surging sea of active life together, elbowing against
and pushing- each other in a manly strife for its honors and preferments, its
3/S GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
labors and rewards. Arrayed against each other we fought many fierce, hot-
blooded political battles, but when the smoke had cleared away there were no
dead or wounded to earn- off the field ; we were yet friends. And now around
this festal board, in these opening hours of the twentieth century. I greet you
as friends. I had almost said old friends — but no ! I greet you as boy friends,
we are boys again, to-night."
It was growing late for "old people" by this time and the exercises were
brought to a close by tendering Mr. Sarchet a vote of thanks and then there
was a closing prayer by Doctor Pope.
Colonel Sarchet was born in Cambridge and has spent nearly, if not all,
his long and useful life here. He has seen the town grow from a mere ham-
let to a growing city. He has kept in touch with its progress, and recorded
many interesting incidents along the way. He possesses a good memory and
a ready pen and with these has given in these columns from time to time
much valuable information relative to the history of the town and county,
even some adjoining counties. His writings have given him the title of the
"Guernsey historian" and it is deservedly conferred. His social qualities are
admirable and this in a great measure accounts for his popularity. He is a
good jolly fellow — a very companionable gentleman, though never afraid to
express condemnation for that which he considers wrong. That many more
years of sojourn here may be allotted him is the earnest wish of his host of
friends.
The register at the banquet shows the following persons present, together
with their ages : C. P. B. Sarchet, seventy-three ; J. W. Creswell, seventy-
four ; J. G. Black, seventy-five: James Stewart, sixty-seven; John Carlisle,
seventy-two ; T. S. Crow, sixty-nine ; James W. Moore, sixty-two ; E. Mc-
Collum, sixty-eight; James Patterson, sixty-seven; John S. Gallup, eighty-
one ; Ross Scott, seventy-five ; B. F. Fleming, seventy-six ; John Boyd, sixty-
three : Thomas H. Bell, seventy; William Johnston, seventy-three; T. G.
Brown, sixty-two; S. W. Luccock, seventy- four ; Alex. McCracken,
eighty-six ; James R. Barr, forty-six ; E. W. Mathews, sixty-nine ; Charles L.
Campbell, sixty ; J. P. Mahaffey, fifty-five ; S. J. McMahon, sixty-nine ; J. T.
Rainey. sixty-five ; Ross W. Anderson, sixty-two ; J. R. Keyes, fifty-six ; P. T.
Suit, sixty-eight; Russell B. Pope, fifty-six; J. P. Ogier, seventy-three; A. F.
Hubert, seventy; W. V. Milligan, seventy-three; A. J. Hutchison, seventy;
W. H. McFarland, sixty-eight and one-half; C. L. Blackburn, thirty-one;
John M. Amos, sixty-one; James O. Mcllyar. seventy; D. D. Taylor, fifty-
eight; William B. Kirk, seventy-eight.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 379
EARLY GUERNSEY COUNTY MARRIAGES.
(From the Times in 1903. i
"The first marriage ceremony performed by a minister in Guernsey county
was that of Thomas Sarchet, Jr., to 'Catty Markim,' September n, 1809,
by Rev. James Ouinn, elder Methodist Episcopal church, both of them of
Cambridge. Muskingum county, Ohio. There was some bad spelling by the
elder or clerk of record. This was the first marriage in Cambridge and should
read : Thomas Sarchet, Jr., to Catharine Marquand.
"The first marriage in Guernsey county was James Boler to Sally Leunce,
September 11, 1810, by Thomas Henderson, justice of the peace, of Oxford
township.
"We give some of the first marriages at Cambridge. John Robin to
Mary Hubert, September 20, 1810. by Thomas Knowles, justice of the peace,
both of Cambridge. Cyrus P. Beatty to Nancy Sarchet, June 11, 181 1, by
David Kirkpatrick. justice of the peace, both of Cambridge. Lloyd Talbot to
Nancy Sarchet, November 10, 181 1. by David Kirkpatrick, justice of the
peace, both of Cambridge. John Dixon to Elizabeth Bryan, December 7,
181 1, by David Kirkpatrick, justice of the peace, both of Cambridge. Thomas
Lenfesty, Jr., to Cartaretta Hubert, January 9, 18 12, by the Rev. William
Lambdin, of the Methodist Episcopal church, both of Cambridge. Thomas
Ogier to Rachel Marquand, May 28, 1812, by the Rev. William Lambdin. of
the Methodist Episcopal church, both of Cambridge. Thomas Metcalf to
Sarah Gomber, March 17. 1814, by David Kirkpatrick, justice of the peace,
both of Cambridge. Thomas Bryan to Joannah Olive, October 17, 18 14, by
David Kirkpatrick, justice of the peace, both of Cambridge."
A HUMAN TEAM.
"A novel spectacle, and, we may add, a moving one, was witnessed in
this place ten or twelve days since, exemplifying in one of the strongest points
of view a state of bodily degradation most painful and revolting to the feelings
of human nature. It consisted of a wagon filled with such articles of furni-
ture, etc., as usually belong to an emigrating establishment bound for the 'Far
West,' drawn by two men and a boy, all duly harnessed, acting in the capacity
and doing the work of a team of horses! The individuals thus engaged ap-
peared cheerful and patient in the exercise of their laborious employment.
Thev were ascertained to be emigrants from Germany, on their way to the
distant regions of the West." — Times, October 19, 1833.
380 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
METEORIC SHOWER OF 1 833.
The following appeared in the Times, by Mr. Sarchet, in November,
1890:
"The old house now being torn clown on North Eleventh street, at
the divergence of the street through the McCracken and Matthews additions,
is one of the early houses built in Cambridge.
"It was built by Peter Sarchet, Si". It was a freak of architecture, a
frame, the intervals between the studding being filled in with brick, and was
plastered on the outside in imitation of stone. Another house in the same
locality, which stood on the northwest corner of Eleventh street and Steuben-
ville avenue, was of similar build, except that it was lathed on the inside and
plastered. This house was built by John Torode. Neither of these houses
stood the test in our variable climate, and soon began to look ragged and
unsightly, by reason of the bond in the mortar or cement giving way and
falling off, but both, when new, were attractive looking houses.
"But it is to relate an incident well known in history, in connection with
the house then occupied by a Air. George Clark, that we began this reminis-
cence. In November, 1833, quite a number of citizens of Cambridge assembled
at Clark's, as was a custom, to engage in 'fighting the tiger." During this frolic
and carousal, toward the 'we sma' hours," one of their number went out and
returned with the alarming declaration 'that the world was coming to an end,
and the sky falling in." These midnight revelers looked upon a meteoric
scene that led them to think that home, rather than a gambler's den, was the
best place to be when the 'sky was falling in." So for home they made as
best they could, so suddenly awakened from a drunken debauch, to be ever
after during their lives living witnesses that the 'sky fell in."
"The New American Cyclopedia gives this description of that Novem-
ber night, I2th and 13th, 1833 : 'But the year 1833, on the night of November
1 2th and 13th, is memorable for the most magnificent display on record, and
was visible over all the United States, and over a part of Mexico and the
West India islands. Together with the small shooting stars, which fell like
snowflakes and produced phosphorescent lines along their course, there were
intermingled large balls of fire, which darted forth at intervals, leaving lumin-
ous trains, which remained in view several minutes, and sometimes half an
hour or more.' f f ; C
"The writer of this, then a boy seven years old, well remembers the
eventful night when the 'stars fell.' At our home we were all engaged in the
annual fall custom of making apple butter, which generally partook of the
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 38 1
nature of a neighborhood frolic, paring and cutting the apples and stirring
the butter until late into the night. Some one of the number, going out, re-
turned with the cry that the 'stars were falling." We all looked upon the
scene with wonder and amazement, and one of the number said, 'What's the
use of making apple butter, when the world is coming to an end."
"But the world did not come to an end, nor as yet have wonders ceased.
People come and go; one builds up, another tears down, and out of all we see
the onward march of destiny."
VARIOUS CYCEONES.
The Times of June 25, 1885, speaks as follows of a roaring cyclone:
"The village of Byesville was visited by a genuine cyclone last Sunday
evening. It was a veritable 'ring-tailed ripper and roarer,' to appropriate the
graphic' description of an impressed Byesvillian. It was of the old-fashioned
orthodox funnel-shape, with the little end down, and the big end several hun-
dred feet up in the air. It carried in its swirl boards, limbs, small trees and
general debris. It ambled in from the southwest at the rate of about five miles
an hour, and after a deliberate but rude caress to the orchards at the edge of
town it came hopping and hitting and skitting and slipping along through the
village, leaving destruction behind, going off to the northeast when it grew
tired.
"It was after four o'clock when something unusual was detected by the
villagers. The June afternoon was sultry, and the atmosphere oppressive.
A dead stillness pervaded the air. and the sun shone bright and hot. Then
there came a low rumbling sound from the southwest, growing rapidly into
an angry roar, that drew the villagers from their homes to look and listen.
Far to the southwest the tops of the trees were bending and breaking. A
dark-hazel cloud, compact and threatening, was flying above the tree tops to-
ward the town. A monster freight train seemed crashing through the forests.
Some few divined the cause and, foreseeing destruction, fled for refuge to cel-
lars. The consternation spread and, panic-stricken, the people rushed for the
cellars. It struck, and the angry roar was heard for miles. The town of
Byesville more than likely owes its escape from total destruction to the fact
that the cyclone only struck a corner of the town, and did not strike it with
its full volume. It unroofed stables and demolished outhouses, carried away
boards and timbers, as it was, and one house was moved eight feet off its
foundation. The house was occupied by Mr. Shields, the saddler, with his
wife and little daughter. They had fled to the house at the approach of the
382 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
cyclone, but had barely entered when the windy monster took the house in his
grasp, lifted it. and jammed it down. The shock loosened the chimney, and
the bricks came tumbling down into the room. All three were injured, more
or less, but none severely. These are the only injuries reported.
"The cyclone moved slowly, and there was something awful in its deliber-
ate majesty. All the way the hazel-cloud seemed topping it, going on before.
It struck the tall trees on the creek banks, bent them low, broke them or tore
them up, dipped dry the creek as it passed, and struck the hill that lies to the
northeast, as a sentinel over the village. The shock demoralized the cyclone,
as no further damage of consequence is reported. Its path was about fifty
yards wide when it passed through Byesville. It uprooted trees and nearly
destroyed several orchards in and about the town, among them the orchards of
Henry Wilson and Jesse Linkhorn. Shortly after the passage of the cyclone,
a terrific thunderstorm broke over the town, and for a little while the people
fancied that the long-predicted judgment day was come."
CYCLONE OF 189O.
(Jeffersonian, May 1, 1890.)
"The first genuine cyclone that has visited Guernsey county for many
years passed through Monroe township Saturday evening. About four o'clock
the citizens were aroused to a sense of danger by the appearance of a small
funnel-shaped cloud approaching from the southwest at terrific speed, ac-
companied by lightning and a terrible noise. The first account we have of
its devastation is when it struck what is known as the Lytle farm, on Irish
ridge. Here it leveled the barn and stable, unroofed and crushed in one end
of the brick residence; then, striking Commissioner John Thompson's farm,
a large amount of timber and fencing were blown down and one steer killed;
fences and timber were destroyed on Philip Randal's farm, but his buildings
were outside the path of the revolving terror and escaped. Mrs. Yarnell's
farm next lay in its path, and nearly all the timber and fences were leveled
to the earth and scattered about; Airs. Hollingsworth's farm met the same
fate, but the buildings on both farms escaped, being outside the track of the
storm. Jonathan Colley's farm was stripped of about five hundred panels of
fence and two acres of timber were leveled to the earth. The path of the storm
was a short distance from his buildings, and they escaped serious damage. It
then passed over the farms of Weston and Asbury George. On the former,
the fences were leveled and the barn unroofed, and on the latter an addition
recently built to his residence was blown away, together with milk house, corn
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 383
cribs, wagon shed and the grain scattered in every direction, the sheep house
removed from its foundation, six hogs killed, their mother's back broken and
a bureau carried from the part of the house blown away, to a distance of about
fifty yards, where it was lodged against a fence. All the buildings on David
Meek's property were unroofed, and a large orchard swept away, only four
trees left standing. A large amount of timber was destroyed along Laurel
creek. The storm passed on in an almost direct line to the northeast. The
path of the cyclone varied in width from ten to twenty-five rods. It seemed
to bound along like a ball of India rubber, passing over spaces, and wherever
it struck the earth carrying everything with it. Wheat was shaven off as by
a scythe, the furrows where sod had been broken, lifted and scattered about,
in some places lodged at quite a distance away."
A HAIL STORM IN 1 826.
(Guernsey Times. July, 1826.)
"A most tremendous storm of hail passed through this county on Satur-
day, the 1st inst., in a direction from northwest to southeast, about five miles
north of this place. Much injury has been sustained upon those farms which
were within range; fortunately, however, the vein was very narrow, from a
half mile to a mile in width; many of the hailstones were nearly the size of a
hen's egg. We have heard of some farmers who had every vestige of their
crops destroyed — corn that was nearly ready to tassel had the stalks entirely
cut to pieces, to within six inches of the ground; wheat ready to harvest was
completely threshed, and the straw cut to pieces and tangled together, so as
to destroy it entirely ; tobacco was wholly cut up, so as to appear as though it
had never been planted; the trees in the woods and orchards were stripped of
their leaves and fruit. We have not been able to ascertain the extent of the
injury in full, but from the best information we can receive, there certainly
never has been so destructive a visitation to the citizens of this community, in
proportion to its width."
COLD WEATHER STATISTICS.
(From the Jeffersonian. February, 1S99, by Colonel Sarchet.)
"Some time ago you said : 'Can you give us a little cold weather history?'
"We will go back to the beginning of Ohio history as a state. The win-
ter of 1807-8 is known in Ohio history as 'the cold winter." We are unable
to give the cold by degrees, as thermometers were not then in general use.
384 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
"My grandfather then resided in a cabin on the north end of what is now
the Guernsey National Bank lot, on North Seventh street. We have heard
our oldest uncles, who were then aged seventeen and thirteen years, say that
thev had two ways of keeping warm ; one was to cut and carry in wood to keep
up the fire, the other was to carry water to throw on the mud and stick chim-
ney, to keep from burning up the cabin. The water was carried from a spring,
west of Sixth street, near the residence of Hon. David D. Taylor, on North
Fifth street.
"The next was the winter of 1817-18. We have heard it said it was so
cold that a bucket of water thrown into the air would be frozen to ice before it
could fall to earth.
"The next was the winter of 1835-6. This comes within our recollec-
tion. There was snow from two to three feet deep. We well remember
wading through it when it came well up to the waist. My grandfather then
had a thermometer which he kept hanging on the south side of his house.
He came to our house on the coldest morning, and said to me : 'Boy, it's colder
than you are old.' I was then eight years old."
The writer then gave the temperature for the winter months from 1850 to
1865, but we will simply abridge and give his figures for the coldest day of the
several years : In 1850, coldest day was ten degrees above zero; 1851, in
December it was seven degrees below zero; 1852, January 20, it reached
seventeen below; 1853, January 27, one below; 1854, January 2$. at zero,
1855, December 27, two above; 1856, January 9. twelve below; 1857, Janu-
ary 26. six below; 1858, February 2^, seven below; 1859, February 1, five
below; i860, January 5, four below; 1861, February 8, zero; 1862, February
16, seven below ; 1863, January 18, four above ; 1864, "the coldest New Year's
day," the thermometer indicated a change of forty-six degrees from nine in the
evening until six in the morning, and went as low as eight below, and in the
following month reached nineteen degrees below.
The subjoined table shows the coldest weather from 1841 on to 1871, in
Cambridge, Ohio :
January 8, 1847, f°ur degrees below zero.
December 4, 1849, tw0 degrees below zero.
February, 1850, two below zero.
December, 1851, seven degrees below zero.
January 7, 1852, seventeen degrees below zero.
January, 1853, one degree below zero.
January, 1856, twelve degrees below zero.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 385
February, 1856, fourteen degrees below zero.
February, 1858, seven degrees below zero.
January, i860, four degrees below zero.
January 2. 1864, eigbt degrees below zero.
January 7, 1864, four degrees below zero.
February, 1866, four degrees below zero.
January, 1867, ten degrees below zero.
December, 1870, one degree below zero.
December 24, 1871, thirteen degrees below zero, making it among the
coldest days on record in the county.
THE OLDEST MAN IN THE COUNTY.
The oldest man who ever lived in this county is supposed to have been
Benjamin Berry, who died here in 1877. At that date many of the elderly
people here remembered him in their childhood as a middle aged man during
the war of 1812-14. Enquiry was made at his death and it was learned that
his age was one hundred and eleven years, having been born in 1765, as de-
termined from the muster rolls of the war of 1812. in which he took part as
a soldier. He also served in the Indian war prior to the war with England.
It is not believed that an older man has ever lived in this county and but few
in Ohio have attained so great an age.
GRAVE ROBBING IN GUERNSEY COUNTY.
(Jeffersonian, December 11, 1S79.)
"In 18 — there was considerable grave robbing in Guernsey county. An
incidental account is remembered of a body being brought through a toll gate
on the National road in a sleigh, head upright, between two men. The body
had an old coat thrown over it, and a hat put over its head. The gate keeper
was completely deceived. The body of a woman was also taken from a ceme-
tery within ten miles of the place from whence this body was brought. One
night, during some dissecting by medical students and others, some
women approached the place, probably with some suspicion of what was going
on, and moved by a curiosity to know the facts. They came so near, and
their knowledge was so apparent to those present, that the solidly frozen head
of a man was rolled toward them. They screamed and ran away. It was
afterward discovered that they had seen nothing and knew nothing, beyond
suspicion, and it was explained to them that a pumpkin had been rolled toward
(25)
386 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
them in the dark. If they had more suspicion, it was allayed, or their dread
remembrance of the scene, or other considerations, kept their mouths closed.
"Many readers of this will remember that, some years ago, an old barrel
lay by the side of a public road in this county. The stench that came from it
was so indescribably horrible that no one who ever passed by will fail to call it
to recollection now when they are told that the nauseating smell was from
fragments of human flesh, which had, in the colder weather, been thrown into
the barrel and hauled away in the night time and tumbled down bv the
roadside."
THE FIRST MAILS.
We take the following account of the first mails of the state from an
article written by Col. C. P. B. Sarchet for the Cambridge Daily Sun :
"The first mails carried in Ohio was in 1798, from Wheeling over the
Zane Trace to Limestone, now Maysville, Kentucky, and from Marietta to
McCullough's cabin at the ferry at the crossing of the Muskingum river, now
Zanesville. These were weekly mails, intersecting at McCullough's cabin. He
had the authority to open and assort the mails. The postoffice was opened at
Zanesville in 1803. In 1805 John Beatty, at the cabins at the crossing of big
Wills creek, had the authority to open the mails. In 1807 Cyrus P. Beatty
was appointed by Thomas Jefferson as postmaster at Cambridge, in Mus-
kingum county, Ohio. He held the office for a number of years. In these
early days there was but little letter writing. The postage was so much that
only business letters passed through the mails. We have in our possession
old letters showing postage paid of six and one-fourth, twelve and one-half,
eighteen and three-fourth, twenty-five and twenty-seven and one-half cents.
There was no prepayment, and many letters were sent to the dead letter office,
because the person addressed didn't have the money to pay the postage. Let-
ters were sent by travelers from town to town. This came to be done to such
an extent that Congress in 1817 passed a law making it a criminal offense for
anyone but mail carriers to carry letters. The next postmasters were Nicholas
Blaithache, Jacob Shaffner, William Ferguson, Isaiah Mcllyar, William
Smith, Robert Burns, James M. Smith, James O. Grimes, Francis Creighton,
Edwin R. Nice. William McDonald, C. L. Madison, D. D Taylor and W. H.
II. Mcllyar.
"Of these, nine were appointed as Whig, or Republican, and seven as
Democratic. We were acquainted with all of these but the first, and received
mail through their hands."
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 387
DARING MAIL ROBBERY.
"On the night of Friday, the 17th inst, as the mail stage was going from
Zanesville to Wheeling, one of the large mail bags was stolen from the boot
about one mile east of Washington in this county, the bag cut open and the
contents scattered in all directions. The robber, or robbers, however, made
but a water-haul, as fortunately the bag in question contained only newspapers.
We have not heard of a clue having been found yet, likely to lead to the detec-
tion of the daring perpetrator of this deed. — Guernsey Times, June 25, 1836.
POSTOFFICES IN 1895.
In the year 1895, before the many rural mail routes had been established,
the following was the list of postoffices and remuneration received at such
offices by the postmaster in charge :
Antrim, $190; Blue Bell, $41 ; Brown, $142; Byesville, $283; Birds Run,
$59; Brody, $50; Buffalo, $76; Cambridge, $1,700; Cumberland, $444;
Creighton, $36; Claysville, $104; Dysons, $103; Dan ford, $6.00; Fairview,
$265 ; Flat Ridge, $25 ; Galligher, $62 ; Gibson, $92 ; Guernsey, $65 ; Indian
Camp, $65; Kimbolton, $88; Londonderry, $125; Lore City, $136; Midway,
$35; Middlebourne, $84; Millinersville, $176; New Salem, $54; Odell, $^7;
Oldham, $27; Quaker City, $465; Salesville, $167; Senecaville, $270; Sutton,
$20; Spencer Station, $104 ; Sugar Tree, ^^y ; Tyner, $32 ; Washington, $385 ;
Clio and Prohibition, amount not given.
GUERNSEY COUNTYS MAN-WOMAN.
"Florence Goldsborough's adventures as a woman in man's clothing
through a period of sixteen eventful years cannot fail of partaking of the
strangeness of fiction and the wildness of romance. Such is the character
of the history of Florence F. Goldsborough, whose masculine name is Johnny
Howard, and whose wild and reckless career has been partly spent in Guern-
sey county.
"She was born near St. Clairsville, Belmont county, in 1847. Her father
being a farmer, she was taught to work in the fields.
"When about sixteen years of age, she was suspected and pronounced
guilty of stealing sixteen dollars from an uncle. For this crime, she served
three months in the county jail. While admitting many other crimes, she
has ever protested her innocence of this first charge. When she was released
from' jail, she donned man's clothing, and left home.
388 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
"Upon coming into this county, she first hired to work as a farm laborer,
for Rev. George W. Wharton, a Baptist preacher who resided north of Mid-
dletown. During the six months she remained with Rev. Wharton, she had
the benefit of morning and evening devotion, but without any apparent effect
upon her spiritual nature. At any rate, she had the benefit of early rising in
order to get the work done in time for prayers, and her health may have been
made the better for it, if nothing more.
"Quitting Reverend Wharton's place, she hired to labor on the farm of
Andrew Morton, a short distance west of Middletown, and she continued
with him about a year. During all that time, her sex was never suspected,
and she regularly slept with' Jacob Ducker and other farmhands who worked
for Mr. Morton.
"But soon she grew tired of farm life, and set out for Columbus, where
she found employment as a street-car driver. She continued in that vocation
for some time, but at last had a fight, and was sent to the station house for
thirty days. When she was released, she went to Bellaire. While there, she
was arrested for stealing money from Mr. N. B. Hayes, the late well known
stock dealer of this county. For this crime, she was convicted, and sent to
the Penitentiary for three years. Here her sex was discovered for the first
time after leaving home in 1863, and she was placed in the female department.
"When her term had expired, she went to Cincinnati, and engaged as sec-
ond clerk on the steamer 'Alaska,' plying between that place and New Or-
leans. After making three trips, and falling in the river once, she quit boat-
ing, and returned to Columbus.
"Since her return to that city, she has been variously engaged as bar-
tender, bell boy and farm hand and has served sentences to station-houses
and jails, in addition to two other terms in the penitentiary, the first for one
and the second for three years. Both crimes were stealing money, the last
one in 1875. The amount taken was five hundred dollars.
"Her term having expired on the 8th of the present month, she no
sooner got out than she put on her male attire, was arrested for so doing,
and put in the station house. She protests that she is now going to live a bat-
ter life, but will not give up men's clothing, as she prefers it to the garb of
women. She looks very much like a small, beardless boy, and the only
quality apt to betray her sex is her small hand. She is thirty-two years old,
carries her age well, and keeps good health for one who has endured so rugged
a life." — Jcifcrsonian, 1878.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 389
DAYS OF MOURNING.
Cambridge, in common with all the country, has had her days of true
mourning and here will be given brief accounts of how the citizens met these
national calamities and bow they were affected at the death of her fallen
statesmen and military heroes :
When James Monroe died in 1831, the column rules of the Times at
Cambridge were turned, as an indication of deep sorrow.
Upon the death of Hon. Henry Clay, June 29, 1852, and upon the de-
cease of Daniel Webster, the great New England statesman, on October 24,
1852, the same paper was deeply set in double-column turned rule.
DEATH OF PRESIDENT WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON.
President W. H. Harrison died at Washington on the 4th of April,
1 84 1. thirty minutes before one o'clock in the morning. Everywhere the
national bereavement was deplored by Whigs and Democrats .alike, and ser-
vices were held throughout the length and breadth of the land. In Cam-
bridge, according to the Guernsey Times of April 10, 1841, a discourse upon
the life, public services and character of William Henry Harrison was de-
livered by Rev. James Drummond, at the Methodist Episcopal church, on the
evening of Wednesday, April 14th, at early candle lighting.
president Lincoln's assassination.
"On Saturday last, about eight o'clock A. M., the sad intelligence of
the death of President Lincoln reached this place. Sorrow was depicted upon
every countenance as soon as it was known that the chief magistrate of the
nation was ho more. All felt the common calamity, and men of every shade
of political opinion mourned the loss of the dead President. The bells of
the village, whose iron tongues the day before had rung out their joyful
peals, now tolled a solemn requiem through the weary hours. Flags that had
floated gaily were clothed in mourning and drooped listlessly upon the sodden
air. The elements were in harmony with the general grief, and the sky was
overcast with dark and lowering clouds, which mingled their tears with tbose
of the bereaved people.
"In the afternoon a prayer-meeting was held in the Town Hall, where
solemn and impressive prayers were made by Reverend Milligan and others.
"On Sabbath day another meeting was held in the same place, when
390 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
speeches were made by Reverends Ellison, Forsythe and McConnell. The
remarks of the former gentleman were well-timed and appropriate, but we
are sorry to say that in the midst of the general grief, Mr. McConnell in-
dulged in remarks better suited to a political meeting than the solemn occasion
for which the people had assembled."
DEATH OF PRESIDENT GARFIELD.
For the second time in the history of this county, the citizens were called
upon to mourn the death of a President, who had fallen at the hands of an
assassin. It was in September, 1881. The news spread quickly and sorrow
was intense. All business was suspended in Cambridge. Public memorial
services were held. The bells of the city tolled and the streets were draped in
mourning emblems for the dead President — a beloved citizen and native son
of Ohio. Services were held at the United Presbyterian church and at the
Presbyterian church. These places were heavily draped in black, intermingled
with the flag. A motto was displayed reading: "God reigns, the nation
lives," which were Garfield's words in Xew York city in trying to quell the
mob after the assassination of Lincoln, and which words now became appro-
priate in his own case. Remarks were made by Professor McBurney, Rev-
erend Young, Rev. Hyde Forsythe, Rev. B. Y. Siegford, Reverend Darrow,
Judge Tingle and Col C. P. B. Sarchet. This was at the United Presbyterian
church.
At the Presbyterian church impressive services were held and the Ma-
sonic bodies were out in force. Prayer was offered by S. J. McMahon, Esq.,
and by Reverend Milligan. A song was rendered by Prof. John H. Sarchet
entitled, ''We'll Not Forget Our Buckeye Boy;" he was assisted by the Ma-
sonic Glee Club. Benediction was pronounced by Rev. E. S. Hoagland.
Services were at the same time held at the African Methodist Episcopal
church, Reverend Johnston officiating and made the point clear that mourning
was not for a white man's President, neither a black man's President, but for
"our President."
president's grant's memorial services.
When Gen. U. S. Grant, the soldier-President and retired fellow citi-
zen, another son of Ohio soil, had passed to the other shore, this county, in
common with the entire country, were again in deep sorrow. Though not
as sudden as other public calamities, for ex-President Grant had long suf-
fered and bis death was thought to lie inevitable, yet here in Guernsey, where
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 39 1
there were so many of his old army comrades and political friends, the news
was hard to realize — the man of an iron will who had marched to victory on
many a well fought field, and he who, after the war closed, had said: "Let
us have peace" — the man who had heen around the glohe and admired by all
peoples and tribes, finally had to succumb to the cold hand of death. On
August 8, 1885, at the hour when his body was being lowered into the grave,
memorial services were being held throughout the entire country. At Cam-
bridge the bells all tolled while Grant's remains were being lowered to the
earth at Riverside, in New York. Soon after two P. M. the Grand Army of
the Republic, with draped banners and flags, fell into line, headed by the Cam-
bridge Band. They passed to School Park, where a stand had been erected.
There might have been seen a picture of the illustrious American soldier-
President, surrounded by flags and crepe. The orator of the occasion was
Capt. J. B. Ferguson. Prayer was offered by Reverend Jennings. Dis-
patches were read from time to time, as the body of Grant was being taken
to its last resting place and while it was being lowered to the vault at River-
side.
Like services were held at Byesville, Cumberland, Fairview, Quaker City
and other places in the county.
DEATH OF PRESIDENT WILLIAM m'kINLEY.
Again, in Septemher. 1901. President McKinley, in extending- his hand
to a supposed friend, while visiting the great Pan-American Exposition, at
Buffalo, Xew York, was shot by an assassin and only survived eight days, the
date of his death being September 14. 1901. Memorial services were held in
this count}-. In Cambridge, at the Methodist Episcopal church, old and
young filled the house to overflowing. Many of those present had met in like
services at Hie death of the lamented Lincoln and Garfield. Church bells
tolled solemnly, and black and white draperies were in evidence throughout
the entire city. The floral offerings were all pure white. Mayor Baxter had
charge and welcomed the speakers. The front seats were reserved for the
old soldiers, including the Grand Army of the Republic, with its banners
draped in black. Doctor Milligan spoke touching]}- of the unspotted life and,
above all. of his beautiful love and tenderness for Mrs. McKinley. during the
years of her long illness or infirmity.
Resolutions were passed which contained these words, significant in
themselves :
"Resolved, Most sincerely do we record our confidence and pride in him
392 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
as a man; our admiration for his unspotted life and character, and above all,
our love for him because of his tender care of Mrs. McKinley during her
long years of infirmity.
"Resolved, That in his death our hearts are filled with an untold sorrow.
In this sad hour we have ceased to be Republicans, Democrats, Prohibition-
ists and Populists — Northern, Southern — but are simply American citizens of
a bereaved country, mourning a common loss."
SARCHET BROTHERS AND THEIR BIBLE.
"It is well known here that the Sarchets. who were among the first set-
tlers of Guernsey county, came from the isle of Guernsey, but we have an
item of their history beyond that. The original Sarchets were natives of
France, and during the Huguenot persecution two of the brothers were con-
verted from Catholicism and purchased a Protestant Bible, Calvin's trans-
lation to the French. Information was given to the priests that they were in
possession of this book, and to avoid arrest and punishment by the Inquisi-
tion they fled with the 'Word' to the island of Guernsey for safety. From
these heads sprang the two branches of the Sarchet family in this county, and
all of the name that we know anything about. To this day that same old
Bible remains intact, and is in the possession of Mrs. R. M. Beatty in Cam-
bridge. It is fully three hundred years old, and was brought to this place by
the oldest Thomas Sarchet known to this country, in 1806, who was in the
line of descent of the two brothers and who was awarded the custody of the
same. It is considered of great value as a family relic, and the older mem-
bers still inquire for the 'old book' whenever they visit Mrs. Beatty." — In
the Times, January, 1875.
AN OLD BRIDGE.
Just where the Cumberland and Senecaville creeks unite to form Wills
creek, on the old Pike road, between Buffalo (or Hartford) and Derwent.
is a very old bridge, said to be almost as old as the famous old bridge in
Cambridge. The details of its construction, its exact age, or any data con-
cerning it are unknown to the writer. It will be torn down the coming sea-
son and a new steel bridge constructed in its place.
CHAPTER XXXIX.
GENERAL REMINISCENCES PIONEER INCIDENTS.
In this chapter will be found several Interesting reminiscences by Col.
C. P. B. Sarchet and others who have been life-long residents of the county.
The Cambridge Times of September, 1825, contained this advertisement:
"salt for wheat.
"Wheat will be taken in exchange for salt, at the subscriber's works on
Wills creek, five miles below Cambridge, at the rate of one and a half bushels
of wheat for one of salt. "David Sarchet & Co.
"September 2, 1825."
the old. mill.
The following record was made of the old mill and of going away for
salt to get milling done, at an early day, in one of the Cambridge papers by
the author several years since :
In what year the old Gomber mill, located on Wills creek, near the junc-
tion of the Baltimore & Ohio and Columbus & Marietta railways, south of
the Cambridge cemetery, was erected, is not now certainly known. At the
time it was built there were two sites in view, the other one at the head of
Cedar ripple, north of Cambridge on the Colonel Taylor farm. It was claimed
this was the preferable site as there was a longer straight stretch of the
creek. The abrupt turn in the creek at the site finally selected, it was thought,
would give trouble with the dam. This theory was correct and the cutting
away of the bank may yet be seen.
The old toll bridge was built of logs and puncheons, but the Bridge house,
built in 1810-11 was a frame structure. The sawed lumber for it was pre-
pared at the Gomber mill. One of the conditions as to completing the first
county jail, built in 1810 was "the stage of water at the Gomber mill." There
is a record in the commissioners' journal of 18 10, of the road leading to the
Gomber mill. This authentic history makes it certain the mill was built prior
to the year 1810.
394 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
FLOUR AND SALT.
A corn and saw mill was first erected. The first essentials of the pioneer
settlers were flour of some sort and salt. To procure these was attended with
the danger of long pack horse journeys along the trails through the wilder-
ness. The nearest mill to Cambridge was called "Steers Mill," located on
Short creek in Jefferson county. It required four days to make the journey
with pack horses. Provisions for the journey had to be carried and some-
times the carrier had to wait a day or two days for his turn when the mill
was thronged. The flour and meal were inferior to the products of today,
but they were a decided improvement over the products of the hand mills.
Men preferred the long, tedious pack horse journey to a mill to the laborious
grinding of the hand mill. Turning the grind stone was the boys' work in
the harvest times when the cradle and the scythe were the harvesting imple-
ments. The boys, now sixty years old, recollect this back breaking exercise.
The nearest salt works were at Pittsburg, or the old Scioto salt works
in what is now Jackson county, Ohio. To go there for salt was. a long and
dangerous journey, and this salt at best was a dirty, black article, costing
from two dollars and fifty cents to four dollars a bushel of fifty pounds. It
was at the wells in Jackson county that the first salt in Ohio was made. It is
known that salt Was made there in 1755 by the Indians. Of the manufacture
of this salt, an account is given in the life of Daniel Boone, who in his boy-
hood was a prisoner among the Indians, and was compelled to work at the
wells in g'etting out and boiling the water. Jonathan Alder, who was a pris-
oner among the Seneca Indians for fifteen years, says he helped to make salt
with the Indians at these wells. A reservation six miles square of these salt
lands was made by the state, and the Legislature, in 1804, passed an act
providing for the leasing of these lands by the state.
"The "Old Salt-Boiler," Thomas Ewing, and Hon. Samuel F. Vinton,
were in later years engaged in salt manufacture at these works. The wells
were sunk down to the salt rock, giving water of great strength. The first
well was not more than thirty feet deep. Samuel F. Vinton was the first
Whig candidate for governor of Ohio, under the present constitution, and
was defeated by Hon. Reuben Wood, Democrat, who was the last g'overnor
under the old constitution. Hon. Samuel F. Vinton was a "French Yan-
kee," born in Massachusetts. The French name was Vintoine. He married
Romaine Madaline Bureau, a daughter of one of the French settlers at Galli-
polis. His daughter, Madeline Vinton, was the wife of Commodore Dahl-
gren, the inventor of the Dahlgren gun. Mr. Vinton, when in Congress, was
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 395
the author of the bill creating the department of the interior, and Hon.
Thomas Ewing was the first secretary of the department.
PACK SADDLE.
There was a term in use in the early days: "Shooting with a pack-
saddle." Pack-saddles were made with two forks, usually of dogwood, as it
was not apt to split. These were selected of such shape as not to rest
upon the horse's withers, or vertebrae. They were fastened to boards of
the proper length. The boards rested upon the horse's back, and were either
padded or underlaid with sheep skins. On the saddles, the sacks were not
liable to slip, and when well covered with sheep skins, made a good substitute
for a saddle. The open seated saddles of today are an improvement on the
old pack-saddles.
A packer made a journey to the Scioto salt works, and had to stay there
over night. His pack-saddle was a rough affair, and during the night the
workmen would burn them up. Failing to find his saddle in the morning,
the packer, believing the workmen had burned it, went away, determined upon
revenge. He made a saddle and loaded it with power, neatly plugging the
holes. The next time he visited the salt works, be gave little care to his
saddle, and remained over night in a cabin near the works. Not long after
he lay down there was a loud report and a great commotion among the em-
ployes. Kettles had been blown from the furnace. The packer was not
alarmed. He had demonstrated what had become of his other saddle, and
had had his revenge. And this is the origin of the saying, "Shooting with a
pack-saddle."
AN INDIAN WEDDING.
Alexander McCracken, when a young man, once was the witness of an
Indiana wedding, at which several fiery "bucks" were united in wedlock
with an equal number of befeathered "squaws." The Indian chief. "'White
Eyes," so named because of the peculiar color of his eyes, went through a
tremendous ceremony of gibberish, to which the painted "children of nature"
listened with rapt attention. At the end of the ceremony, he repeated the
following rather neat couplet :
"By the power and by the laws
I marry these Indians to these squaws,
Over the hills and through the levels
Salute your brides, you ugly devils."
396 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
EARLY WHISKEY-DOG TRIAL.
The following is from the pen of the author, as published a few years
since in the Cambridge Timess
"Your occasional correspondent, H. C. Black, of Freeport, is perhaps
our age. Judging from his name, Henry Clay, he was born about the time
of the great Clay and Jackson campaign of 1828. His father, Joseph Black.
Esq., was one of the early Whigs of Guernsey county. We remember well
when he lived in a double cabin north of Cambridge, Ohio, on land now
owned by Col. J. D. Taylor. There had been in early days a 'still house'
near the cabin. It may be that H. C. B. has some unwritten history of that
day. Old John Sarchet was the original proprietor of the three four-acre
lots on North Eighth street, Cambridge, Ohio, now owned by the Rev. Dr.
McFarland, O. M. Hoge and John M. Ogier. On the Hoge lot he had a
'still house,' for making whiskey, using the water of the now famous spring
that has afforded water in abundance for many purposes in Cambridge, and
perhaps in the whiskey-making days this water was not spared in giving the
rye and corn whiskey a 'bead.'
"John Sarchet built a two-room log cabin near the 'still house." In the
cabin lived old Robert Bell and his family. The head of this family is buried
in the old graveyard, aged one hundred and seven years. William Ferguson,
the grandfather of the Fergusons of Cambridge of today, boarded with the
Bell family. They were connected by marriage relations. Ferguson managed
the still house for John Sarchet. Some years after John Sarchet left Cam-
bridge, the lots were sold, and the 'still house' lot came into the possession of
Wyatt Hutchison. At that time, the still house had been abandoned. Wyatt
Hutchison's sister, Catherine, with the daughters of a brother, John Hutchi-
son, occupied the cabin. The spring and cabin came to be called 'Kittie Hutch-
ison's.' She had a sort of half-wolf dog. that would bounce out into the
road, and sometimes nip footmen and horses. Old 'Jim' Jenkins, a shoe-
maker, who lived on the Guernsey bridge, on Wills creek, came into town one
day to get family supplies and leather, riding an old family horse. When
readv to start home, late in the evening, he had his leather tied behind the
saddle, and the family supplies in one end of a three-bushel sack, and a
gallon jug of whiskey in the other for an 'evener.' This sack was thrown
over the saddle. Jenkins was usually 'full' when he started for home, and
this time he 'just had plenty.' He mounted his old nag and started for home.
On passing Kitty Hutchison's the dog bounced out and scared the old nag.
He jumped to one side, and the roll of leather flapped, and he jumped again,
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. ^)~
and off went Jenkins and the sack. In the midst of a good deal of swearing,
he gathered himself up out of the wreck, and examining the sack found that
the jug was broken and the whiskey gone. This raised his Irish ire to a
white heat and he vowed to kill the dog. He selected a good shillalah from
the wood pile nearby and, opening the gate, entered the yard. The dog
made at him, and he gave it a whack that sent it howling into the house, which
alarmed the inmates. Jenkins proceeded to follow on his errand of death.
He was met at the door by old John Hutchison, with the 'pokin' stick,' a stick
used in cabins to move the logs of wood in the fireplace. The old man was
prepared to defend his castle. Jenkins struck at Hutchison in his ire, which
old John resented by giving Jenkins a crack over the head. Jenkins re-
treated to the road, and a war of words was entered into by both men and
women. Jenkins finally gathered up his wreck sack and followed after his
nag, which was making its way home. This occurred on Saturday night.
Early on Monday morning Jenkins appeared before 'Squire W. W. Tracy, and
caused the issuing of a writ for assault and battery and damages. When the
day of trial came the Hutchisons swore out a writ of assault and trespass.
What was the result, we don't now remember, but this was one of the noted
dog-and-whisky trials in the early history of Cambridge."
county's pioneers (no. i).
(Herald, November 12, 1902.)
The early Guernsey emigrants had a two months' voyage on the ocean,
in a frail bark, and a land journey of almost two months, before they reached
their goal, not to rest, but to enter into a new and laborious work, to trans-
form the wilderness into places of habitation.
Their ocean voyage was one full of perils. Their frail bark, called the
"Eliza." was not fitted for the ocean service, and its captain, William Mc-
Crindell, was a distant relative of the Guernsey families who were on board.
He was a son-in-law of Peter Sarchet, who settled in Cambridge in 1S18.
and purchased a large body of land east of the town, on which is now lo-
cated the Cambridge Pottery, tin mill, glass works, Improvement Company's
addition and the Rue de Sarchet addition to the city of Cambridge. His name
will be found in the old records of the county, connected with the Peter Sar-
chet estate.
During the voyage, the ship was becalmed for eight days in midocean.
There was neither wind nor wave. The sails were tacked in every direction
39§ GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
to catch the least breeze, but none came. In the midst of the calm the captain
kept beastly drunk. The calm Was followed by a terrible storm, lasting for
many days and nights. The drunken captain rode the bridge, in his drunken
and delirious condition, and the ship was being drifted at the mercy of tbe
waves far out of its proper course. A meeting of the crew and emigrants
was called in the forecastle. It was decided to ask the captain to give up
the command of the ship. This he would not do. and all the while the ship
was being drifted farther from its course. A second meeting was called, and
it was decided to catch and handcuff him, and chain him in his cabin. This
was done, and it was decided that John Sarchet and the mate should take
charge of the ship. John Sarchet had had some experience as a sailor, and the
two, acting in concert, succeeded in safely riding the storm, and after many
days cast anchor at Norfolk, Virginia. At Norfolk the captain was set at
liberty, and the ship sailed up the Chesapeake bay, for Baltimore, Maryland,
which was the objective point of the voyage. At Baltimore preparations for
the land journey were made. Horses and wagons and provisions were pro-
cured, and at midday they passed up Howard street, on the 14th of June,
1806, the sun being in total eclipse and the town in partial darkness, lamps
lighted on the streets and candles burning in the houses and places of business.
For the first two hundred miles they traveled the "Old Braddock" road,
engineered by Col. George Washington, and later known as the National
road. As they were passing through the Alleghany mountains, they came
upon a waif, a girl fourteen or fifteen years old, sitting by the roadside,
crying. She gave her name as Betty Pallet, and said she had no home or
relations, and that she had run away from a Catholic school somewhere in
Pennsylvania. They took pity on the homeless girl, and brought her with
them to Cambridge.
After crossing the Ohio river, they went into camp in the Wheeling
creek bottom. Thus far the journey had been one of almost continuous rains
and storms, impeding their progress by washouts on the road and by large
trees being blown into and over the road. Few, if any, wagons had passed
on that line as far as the Ohio river. Most of the travel was by way of Pitts-
burg, and down the Ohio by boats, and west from the river by pack-horses.
Thev were rejoiced to see the sun shining once more. Now, amid the sun-
shine, the women began to wash their soiled clothing. If there was any "one
thing that a Guernsey Woman despised more than another it was dirt. They
opened their boxes and dried and aired the contents. They seemed to feel
that a new life was before them, and they sang around their campfires the
melodies of their far-awav island home. The men and boys of the party
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 399
assisted the farmers on the Wheeling creek valley to dry out their damaged
wheat and get it into ricks and to harvest their oats, much of which had to
be cut with a sickle. From the creek valley Thomas Sarchet, on horseback,
followed the Zane Trace west as far as Chillicothe. On his return to the
camp, preparation was made for their further journey. Their horses were
well rested, and had fared finely on the wild pea vines and the rich wild
grasses of the valley. When all was in readiness for the start, the horses
soon showed that they would rather browse on the Wheeling creek bottoms
than haul wagons. In order to get up Wheeling hill, they had to hire an
extra team to help. Late at night they reached Newell' s tavern, at Newells-
town, now St. Clairsville. It was then raining, and had been for a good part
of the afternoon. The next day it rained all day, and they remained at the
tavern. That day an extra team of four horses and wagon was hired. The
loads were adjusted the next morning, and a start made. Along in the after-
noon a fearful storm came on. thunder and lightning and wind sweeping
through the forest, felling trees, which hedged up the road in many places,
washing out the ravines and runs so that log bridges had to be made to fill
them up. The two Stillwater creeks had risen too high for fording, and
they were compelled to lay by a day until they receded. They had left
Wheeling creek bottom early on Monday, and it was late on Saturday after-
noon when they drove down the Zane Trace, which was north of the original
town plat of Cambridge, and went into camp on now North Fifth street,
and some distance north of Steubenville avenue.
county's pioneers (no. 2).
(Herald, November 19, 1902.)
Early on Sunday morning, John Beatty, Jacob Gomber and Grayham,
who lived in the cabins at the crossing of the Zane Trace over Wills creek,
were surprised to see smoke rising up through the forest on the north. There
were at that time but two houses erected on the town plat, both hewed log
houses, located on Main street, now Wheeling avenue. The John Beatty
house was located where the Cambridge wholesale grocery is located, and
the Judge Metcalf house, afterward the noted tavern, was located where now
is the Stoner block. It was then in an unfinished state. It was the custom
of the Guernsey settlers to rest on Sunday. The three men, Beatty, Gomber
and Grayham. at once visited the camp, and were surprised to see these strange
looking and strangely dressed people, composed in all of men, women and
children to the number of twenty-six. The women, with short dresses and
400 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
short gowns, belted around the waist, with large frilled caps on their heads,
were busy about the campfire, preparing their frugal morning meal. The
horses were hobbled, and browsing among the bushes, and the men, with
smock frocks, short breeches, to which were attached long stockings, with
heavy shoes, and white, broad-brimmed wool hats, were moving about the
wagons talking a strange language. John Sarchet was the most fluent with
the English tongue, and made the visitors to understand that they were
Norman-French, from the island of Guernsey, in Europe, seeking homes in
the new country. On this day of rest and sunshine, August 15, 1806, they
sang hymns of thanksgiving and rejoicing, written and compiled by Jean De
Caueteville, of the Wesleyan Methodist church. The French hymn book of
Thomas Sarchet the writer has in his possession, published in 1785, having on
the preface the endorsement of John Wesley.
On this Sabbath day, for the first time the strains of a Methodist hymn
echoed through the Wilderness at Cambridge, Ohio. During the day, the
three resident families of the town visited the camp of those strange looking
emigrants. The writer heard some of them say in after years how strange
they were in look, dress and language. These early first settlers had spent
two years almost entirely isolated from the world. They were rejoiced to
see the Guernsey people, the first who had come to Cambridge since their
settlement in it, and the Guernsey people were pleased to find these strangers
so friendly.
Before night, the Guernsey people looked upon a stranger people than
they, the Indians, and soon were daily visited by the Indian women, carrying
their papooses tied to a board, and swung on their backs.
On Monday morning the women decided that they would wash their
clothing. Their camp was near the now Lofland run, and between two large
flowing springs. In the afternoon, after the washing was done, the camp
was again visited by the women and children of the resident families of the
town, who used all the persuasive power that their language permitted in
urging the women to stop and settle in the new town. After their call at
the camp, the women held the first Woman's rights convention perhaps in the
state of Ohio, and decided that they would go no further west. In the mean-
time, the men were looking about the staked-off town and the out-lots. Only
the main street. Wheeling avenue, had the underbrush cut out of it. When
they returned to the camp, the women reported their action. The men pro-
tested, but their protest was of no avail. When a Guernsey woman puts her
Foot down.. it is there. The dye was cast and Cambridge was to be the
Guernsey town, and the name of Guernsey county was to perpetuate their
memory.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 40 1
They at once began to select lots and out-lots. Peter Sarchet chose the
two lots west of the public square, on West Eighth street, fronting on Main;
Thomas Sarchet chose two lots east and west of North Seventh street, front-
ing on Main; John Sarchet chose the lot opposite, now the Carnes corner;
Peter Sarchet chose out-lot No. 6, now the Judge Campbell addition to the
city; Thomas Sarchet chose six out-lots on North Tenth street, now the old
Orchard, McCollum and Meredith's addition to the city; John Sarchet chose
three out-lots on North Eighth street, now the McFarland, Bond & Company
and Ogier additions to the city. Two of Thomas Sarchet's out-lots and one
of John's were, as soon as cleared, planted in apple trees, brought on horse-
back from the Putnam nursery at Marietta. These orchards were the first
at Cambridge, and included varieties rarely seen at this day, Putnam Russets,
Rhode Island Greenings, English Peannain, Old Blue Streak, Golden Pippin,
Pomme Royal, English Belleflower. Newtown Pippin and others.
The next thing was to provide shelter for the coming winter. They con-
tinued in the camp, to which was added a brush tent, until the first cabin was
erected. This was built on the northeast corner of the west lot on Seventh
street, now the Carnes' livery stable corner. As soon as it was erected, before
it had either floor, door or chimney, they moved from the camp up to it. In it
were stored their boxes, chests and utensils, which were sparse. Near the
cabin, where the trees were cut, the brush was piled, and the women raked up
the leaves and burned the brush, and in the cleared space they raked and dug
in turnip seed. The turnips grew large and afforded all of the vegetables they
had during the winter. I have heard my uncles and aunts tell how they sat
around the big wood fire in the long winter nights, and scraped turnips, and
listened to the fierce winds sweeping through the trees, while packs of wolves
howled around the cabin. The second cabin was erected on the southeast
corner of the now old Orchard addition to the city.
While engaged in erecting this cabin, on the day of the "raising," in the
afternoon. Betty Pallet was left at the first cabin in charge of the children.
All hands, men, women and children, who could lift or push at a log, were
needed at the cabin raising. In the evening, when they returned to the
first cabin, they found that some person had been rummaging in the chests
and boxes, and from one of the chests a sack of gold coin was missing. Betty
was questioned. She denied having opened or searched the chests or boxes,
or of anyone being about the cabin, or that she had left the cabin. A theft
had evidently been committed, but by whom was yet to be found out. You
may bet there was a "hot old time" in the Guernsey camp that night.
(26)
CIKRXSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
county's pioneers (no. 3).
(Herald, November 2G, 1902.
Suspicion rested on Betty. She was guarded during the night. In the
morning search was made everywhere, in and out of the cabin, and around
the stumps, logs and roots or trees, but the sack of coin could not be found.
Word was sent to John Beatty and Jacob Gomber, who came to the camp,
and with them some men they had in their employ. Of these were George
Philips and Isaac Oldham. A statement was made of the loss of the coin,
and as Guernseymen could not in English fully cross-examine Betty, she was
turned over to Beatty and Gomber to pass through the "sweat box." During
this examination Betty again protested her innocence, and that she knew noth-
ing of the sack of coin. Some one on going for water found the sack of coin
sunk in the spring. This spring is located on the northeast corner of Peter
Dennis's lot on North Fifth street. When the sack was brought to the cabin,
Betty still denied knowing anything about it, or of how it got into the spring.
A statement was made that Betty had in the afternoon done an unusual thing;
she had carried from the spring enough water for all purposes, so that no
one would have to get water for use about the supper or cabin that night.
After further questioning, Betty confessed that she had taken the sack to the
spring, and intended to go to it during the night, and make off with it through
the wood. Where she intended to get to she never divulged. Now came the
question of what to do with Betty. There was no township organization at
Cambridge, nor justice of the peace nearer than Zanesville. Muskingum
county had just been formed, and had no jail or place for imprisonment.
John Beatty and Jacob Gomber, acting as a court, decided that Beatty, having
betrayed the trust committed to her by those who had befriended her and
provided protection in a time of need, should be whipped and driven out of
the camp and town. This action was taken from the fact that but a short
time before, two men, taken as counterfeiters, were publicly whipped at
Zanesville by George Beymer. sheriff, one receiving twenty-five lashes and
the other thirty-nine lashes, on their bare backs, well laid on. Peter Sarchet
was appointed to" do the whipping, on Betty's bare back, which he did with
a hickory rod, and Betty was started out into the wilderness just at nightfall,
like Hagar. "from the faces of those who had dealt heavily with her." She
was never heard of afterward, but it was supposed that she made her way
along the Zane Trace to a Catholic settlement located in what is now Perry
county, Ohio. I was seated at the bedside of a dying uncle, who was twelve
years old at the time of the whipping and witnessed it. He turned over in the
GUERNSEY COUNTi', OHIO. 4O3
bed and said,: "I do wonder what became of little Betty Pallet." I re-
marked, "Who was Betty Pallet." Then he related the story as above, and of
Betty being found wandering- in the mountains. Is it any wonder that that
old Christian man, eighty-four years old, who died the next day, should turn
back in thought to that boyhood scene in the wilderness, seeing Betty's bare
back, the welts and the blood? Certainly it seemed to him barbarous and in-
human treatment, as it would to us, yet such treatment was lawful punish-
ment for crime in those days of Ohio. Judge William Wilson, of Licking
county, who was the first judge of the common pleas court of Guernsey
county, was known throughout his district as the "whipping judge." Whip-
ping posts were erected in every county. On the southwest corner of the
public square, the whipping post of Guernsey county was erected, and was
standing within the memory of the writer, used as a horse rack. After the
formation of Guernsey county, Samuel Timmons. who was convicted on two
counts of "uttering base coin," was tied to the post and publicly whipped on
the bare back, thirty-nine lashes well laid on, on two different days, by order
of Judge William Wilson.
Game of all kinds was plentiful, and could be had from the Indians in
exchange for powder, tobacco and "whis." Beal laws were not yet. These
settlers had procured guns, and the boys soon became expert hunters and
could tell in after years of bringing down the bears, deer and turkeys. One
of the guns was a long-barrel rifle, with a flint lock, that would carry an ounce
ball. This gun was later the property of an old uncle. It was historic, hav-
ing passed through the war of 1S12, and the writer carried it to the front
when Governor Tod called out the "squirrel rifle men," to check the rebel
Gen. Kirbv Smith, on his raid to invade Cincinnati.
There was an abundance of wild grapes, crab apples, plums and papaws,
which afforded some luxuries, but sugar was a luxury almost beyond price,
and the grapes, crab apples and plums were only brought out upon great
occasions. Thomas and John Sarchet made trips to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania,
with pack horses, carrying back all needed supplies such as flour, that was
gotten at a mill on Yellow creek in Jefferson county, Ohio, salt, coffee, tea,
etc., as also iron and steel to be worked up into axes, mattocks, hoes and nails.
John Sarchet was a blacksmith. Peter Sarchet was a carpenter, and dressed
the puncheon floors, made the clap-board doors, with wooden hinges, door
latches, which answered the double purpose of latch and lock. The latch
string out. by pulling gave entrance; latch string in. locked the door. In
the cabins were the corner dressers, where the women displayed their silver,
pewter and brass plate, pots and kettles. In the first cabin, the families of
4O4 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Thomas and John Sarchet, in all fourteen, passed the first winter. In the
second cabin, the families of Peter Sarchet and Daniel Ferbrache, in all
twelve. My uncles have told me that the beds were three stories high, made
of poles set up in the corners, and that some nights the covering of snow kept
those in the upper tier warm, and that it was hard to tell where there was the
most snow, out of doors or in the cabin.
county's pioneers (no. 4).
During the winter and spring, preparation was made for the erection
of larger and better houses. The logs were all hewed and hauled to the sites.
Stone was hauled for the foundations, so that by the last of June they were
ready to commence the buildings.
The second colony came on in the latter part of June, 1807. Howe, in
his "History of Ohio," gives the coming of the Guernsey settlers all in June,
1806, and that when they arrived at Cambridge, it was the day of a public
sale of lots. That is not correct history. It was the coming of the second
colony that gave rise to that story. There never was a public sale of lots.
The first deeds made to any one of lots in Cambridge were to the Guernsey
settlers, and they are dated September 9, 1807, and are acknowledged before
Hans Morrison, who was a justice of the peace at Westbourne, now Zanes-
ville, Muskingum county, Ohio, and are of record in Muskingum county, and
by transfer of record, in Guernsey county, after its formation.
The first house to be built was that of Thomas Sarchet, a large two-and-
a-half-story house, corner of Main and Pine streets, now Seventh and Wheel-
ing avenue. Later there was an L frame attached to it, fronting on Seventh
street. The history of this house, which was torn away at different times, I
have heretofore given. It stood for three-quarters of a century, a land-
mark of pioneer days, and its history, if fully completed, would be a history
of Cambridge, from the wilderness to city full. Its place is taken by the
Mathews, Clark and Broom business blocks. This old corner was always a
business corner. The old house represents the first house in Cambridge,
opened in 1808. The next was the John Sarchet house, on the opposite side
of Main street, a one-story hewed log house. This house was also a land-
mark for many years, and was made notable as the restaurant of Isaac Nis-
wander, as notable in its day to Cambridge as Delmonico's to New York
City. John Sarchet later built a brick house on the west corner, one among
the first built in Cambridge. These two houses were his residences until he
removed to Philadelphia in the early twenties. After his removal to Phila-
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 4O5
delphia, he was largely engaged in the manufacture of ship's irons, chain
cables, anchors, etc. There seem to have been unions at that time. The Con-
gressional Records of 1833-34 show that he represented the "Iron Masters
Union of Pennsylvania," before the ways and means committee of Congress,
of which Henry Clay was chairman. He made a report in opposition to Mr.
Clay's tariff bill, as it affected the iron workers of Pennsylvania. Henry
Clay, in his speech in favor of his tariff bill, made an attack on John Sar-
chet's report read before the committee. He charged him with being a native
of the island of Guernsey, and that the principal business of its inhabitants
was smuggling, and said that John Sarchet came before the committee of'
ways and means with dirty hands. Albert Galliten, of Pennsylvania, in reply
to Mr. Clay, defended John Sarchet and his report, and declared Mr. Clay
had not answered it, nor could it be answered, and said if John Sarchet came
before the ways and means committee with "dirty hands," they were hands
made dirty with honest toil.
The next was Peter Sarchet's house on the first lot west of the public
square on Main street. It was a two-story hewed log house, built near the
centre of the lot, fronting to the east with a porch on that front full length
of the building. He later sold to George J. Jackson, who was in some way
connected with the Wyatt Hutchison family. He died in the house, and his
widow remarried. Mrs. Sarah Baldwin lived in it and died in it within the
memory of the writer. After the formation of Guernsey county, the two
upper rooms of the house were used for county offices, and were occupied by
the clerk, recorder, commissioners, sheriff and collector.
In 1826, while thus occupied, during the night it caught fire from a de-
fective chimney, wood being used for fuel. The fire was discovered by a
passerby, who gave the alarm. The fire had not made much headway and
was soon put out. Some of the logs behind the chimney were burnt off, and
others charred into charcoal. But for this midnight passerby, the building
and all of the county records would have been destroyed. The county com-
missioners, William McCracken, Turner G. Brown and William D. Frame,
decided to erect two fireproof offices west of and connecting with the old court
house. These were of brick, arched over head with brick, and floored with
brick. One was for the auditor and commissioners, and the other for the
clerk and recorder. Daniel Hubert, father of A. J., of this city, painted the
sign, costing five dollars. The first to occupy these offices were the com-
missioners above named, and Robert B. Moore, auditor, and Moses Sarchet,
appointed to succeed C. P. Beatty, clerk, and Jacob G. Metcalf, recorder.
Peter Sarchet, after he sold his property, removed to the "old salt
4-06 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
works," in Muskingum county, later known as the Chandler salt works, where
the three brothers were engaged in the manufacture of salt. These salt
springs, or seeps, had been used by the Indians in a very primitive manner
for making salt. The Sarchets sunk a well, to obtain more and stronger salt
brine, on the sayso of the Chandlers, who were then the owners of the land.
This venture did not improve or strengthen the salt water, and after some
years of hard labor, with but little profit, they threw up their lease, which
they had from the Chandlers, before its expiration, the result of which were
law suits by the Sarchets against the Chandlers for misrepresentations, and
•a suit by the Chandlers to compel a fulfillment of the lease, and the result
was, a loss to all hands and the engendering of bad blood.
Some years later the Chandlers began the boring of a well, and while
engaged at the work, a hoax was perpetrated, which is set down in Ohio
history as "The Disastrous Hoax." What is given here is condensed from
Hildreth's history. In 1820 Samuel Chandler was boring a salt well near
Chandlersville, nine miles southeast of Zanesville. Some ill-disposed person
dropped into the well some pieces of silver, and when the borings were
brought up. the sand when examined proved to be rich with silver. The dis-
covery of a silver mine spread like wildfire. A company was soon formed,
incorporated, and called, "The Muskingum Silver Mining Company." A
lease was secured from Chandler to sink a shaft down to the silver vein near
his salt well. After the company had expended ten thousand dollars in an
effort to develop the silver mine, the bubble burst. Chandler sued the com-
pany for damages to his salt well, which it had to pay. The above is the
history, but there is something between the lines which was always hinted at
by the mining company, but was never known, how much Chandler had to do
with the hoax, but first and last he received the benefit, and left the Musk-
ingum Silver Mining Company to hold the sack. Perhaps the phrase, "salt-
ing the mine," had its origin at the Chandler salt works. This silver mine
boax was many years ago, and is almost forgotten, but the salting of mines
still goes on. The wise man saith, "Lo, this only have I found, that God
hath made man upright; but they have sought out many inventions." Is this
salting of mines one?
county's pioneers (no. 5).
(Herald, December 10, 1902.)
The second Guernsey colony was composed of the families of James
Bichard, Sen., two William Ogier families, James Ogier's, Thomas Naftel's,
GUERNSEY' COUNTY, OHIO. 407
Thomas Lenfestey's, widow Mary Hubert's, and John Marquand's, and of
young men Peter Langloise, John Robin, Peter Corbet, Peter and Nicholas
Bichard, John and Peter Torode, Paul Robert, Nicholas Peodvin, John Carlo
and John DeLarue. These emigrants were in Cambridge in time to help at
the raising of the three Sarchet houses and to erect houses for themselves
for the coming of winter. At a raising of the Thomas Sarchet house a laige
log slipped off the skids, and struck James Bichard, grandfather of the writer,
on the head. For a long time he was thought to be killed. Pie revived, but
carried to his death a dent in his skull, as a reminder of that raising.
William Ogier built a cabin on the now John M. Ogier lot on Wheeling-
avenue. The Marquands, Huberts and Lenfesteys built cabins on the three
lots of the square next east. On the square opposite, on Wheeling' avenue,
the Bichards and Naftels built cabins. The prices of these town lots ranged
from thirty-two dollars and fifty cents to thirty-four dollars. Besides these,
George R. Tingle built a cabin on the now Odd Fellows block lot, and the
Mottie family a cabin on the middle Farrar lot on Wheeling avenue. The
John Beatty house, the Judge Metcalf house, and the Sarchet houses and
cabins, in addition to those mentioned, made up the Cambridge of the wilder-
ness in the winter of 1807-8.
The Marquand family later settled north on Wills creek. A few years
after the second colony, other Guernsey families came. Among these were
William Lashure, who built a house on the lot west of Noel hotel, Thomas
Ogier, who built a stone house on his farm north of Cambridge. He had been
detained in hiding from the wrath of the Cossack soldiers that were stationed
on the island, one of whom he had killed, while pillaging his orchard. Thomas
DeBartram bought lot 83, on which was a cabin, the first house built on Steu-
benville avenue. The lot is now occupied by the Presbyterian church, Doc-
tor Milligan's and Doctor Moore's residences. The lot had been used by
Sandy and Miller, Scotchmen, on which was erected a whip-saw mill and the
cabin. These men sawed the first lumber used about the cabins and the houses
of Cambridge. It would seem strange today to see two men whip-sawing
lumber, vet at the price, three dollars per hundred or half the lumber, they
made good wages. Thomas De Bartram was the first tailor, and had the dis-
tinction of bringing the first "goose" to Cambridge. James S. Reitilley bought
lot 16, now the Burgess, Schaser and Zahniser lot, on which was built a
cabin. Enoch Rush built a cabin on lot 28. now the Ramsey Cook lot, and
John Maffit a cabin on the east Farrar lot. So up to this time. 1S10, Cam-
bridge was a log-house town, with the Col. Z. A. Beatty frame house partly
built, located on the lot now occupied by the John M. Ogier residence, on
West Wheeling avenue.
4-08 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
John Robin married into the Hubert family, and Peter Langloise mar-
ried into the Bichard family. They both settled south on Wills creek. Daniel
Ferbrache settled on government land two miles north of Cambridge, and
paid for it with the gold coin Betty Pallet tried to steal. A Mr. Cumin, an
Englishman who traveled through the South and West, published a history
of his travels. Traveling from the West over the Zane trace, in 1808, in
what he called "the stage wagon," he stopped at the Harvey tavern over night,
at Zanesville. From there to Wheeling the stage wagon was in charge of
George Beymer. He was the senior brother of the Beymer family at Wash-
ington, and resided at this time in now Centre township, in a tavern cabin
located a short distance off the foot of the four-mile hill, Craig postoffice. Its
site was later known as the old Endley brick tavern, on the old Wheeling road,
kept by Major John Woodrow. The stage wagon reached the Enslow tavern,
located southeast of New Concord, which was in now Westland township.
The most of the early settlers west of Cambridge came by water, up the
Muskingum to Duncan's Falls or Zanesville. There were two traces west
from Cambridge, one to Duncan's Falls and the other to the falls above. The
Zane trace west from Cambridge followed an Indian trail, to what was called
"The Dead Man's Ripple," on the Muskingum river, so called because the
remains of Duncan were found there. He lived near the falls, a hermit life,
and it was supposed he was murdered by the Indians. Thus giving it the
double name, "Duncan's Falls," and "Dead Man's Ripple." Ebenezer Zane
was not pleased with the location, as he had the privilege of locating a sec-
tion of land at the crossing of the Muskingum river. He moved up to the
upper falls, and opened the trace back intersecting the other near the Enslow
tavern. There had been a settlement there as early as 1802, by Adam McMur-
die. He sold to Enslow in 1805. The deed of conveyance speaks of build-
ings and orchards. The tavern was on a high hill, later known as Frew's
tavern, where the stage wagon stopped for dinner. Cumin speaks of the
orchards, and of the splendid view he had from the hill top. At the tavern
was an extra horse, belonging to the proprietor of the stage wagon. Cumin
rode this horse ahead of the stage wagon to the Beymer tavern.
He speaks of the horrible road from Enslow's to Wills creek, and of the
beauty of the. landscape at Cambridge, as seen from the western hilltop as he
approached the town, and of crossing a rickety toll bridge over Wills creek.
That toll bridge was located at the bend in the creek, above the Baltimore &
Ohio railroad, being the point where the Zane Trace crossed the creek and
the Indian trail that led to Sandusky. It was near this point that the Indian
massacre occurred in 1791, and where the killed, Mr. Linn, Thomas Biggs
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 4O9
and Joseph Hedges, were buried. At the time Cumin crossed the toll-bridge
there was a ferry over the creek, south of the Cleveland & Marietta
depot. The ferry boat was made with two canoes, fastened together and
covered with puncheons. In 1809, Beatty and Gomber erected a toll bridge
at that point, which remained there until after the erection of the present old
bridge, in 1828. Cumin speaks of the cabin town of the Guernsey settlers,
and of their clean looking and thrifty surroundings. He also publishes a
letter written by a lady traveler from Cambridge in 1809, in which she
gives a glowing description of the "cabin town" and Guernsey settlers. He
says nothing of any mail on the Trace from Wheeling to Zanesville, but
there was no postoffice at Cambridge. Col. Z. A. Beatty and Cyrus P. Beatty,
who was the first postmaster, did not get to Cambridge until the fall of 1809.
But this mail was a sort of rural route, and the mail carrier distributed pack-
ages and letters along the line.
The heads of most of the Guernsey families brought with them certifi-
cates of good moral and Christian character as members of the Wesleyan
Methodist societies of the island, which gave as their sole reasons for leaving
the island "the fall of trade," signed by Jean De Caueteville, superintendent
of the Wesleyan Methodist societies, of Guernsey, Alderney, Jersey and Sark,
and on these certificates the Methodist Episcopal church was organized in
1808. The reader of French and English history will remember that in the
years 1805 and 1806 Napoleon Bonaparte was making preparations to invade
England, crossing the channel with a large army in boats. England, for pro-
tection, stationed troops on all her channel islands. On the island of Guern-
sev was a large force of Russian Cossack soldiers, who made it their prin-
cipal business to plunder from the small Guernsey farmers, to which class
most of the Guernsey farmers belonged. Strict embargo laws were in force,
the trade of the island, which was largely commercial, was cut off and the
business of the island was totally suspended. It was that depression, per-
haps the first, which caused the colonists to leave the island.
Many of the readers have read the interesting and descriptive letter of
John M. Ogier, of Cambridge, who visited the island last summer, describing
its beauty and great prosperity. Its immense daily trade with England of
fruits and vegetables, as well as its large commercial trade with other coun-
tries, would perhaps excite wonder that these Guernsey emigrants should leave
such a beautiful and prosperous island. But let another Napoleon arise in
France, and control all Europe with strict embargo laws enforced, close up all
of the commercial ports, and make preparations to invade England. Then
the Guernsey of todav would begin to decline, and its great productiveness and
4IO GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
trade would cease. General Sherman said a great truth in a blunt way when
he said, "War is hell," and the effects of this hell continues for years after
the war is over. The effects of the war of the Rebellion continued for more
than twenty years. William Berry, in his history of Guernsey, says that it
was more than twenty years after 1805 and 1806 until prosperity began to be
restored on the island.
county's pioneers (no. 6).
(Herald. December 17, 1902.)
The year 1807 was called the "hard year" by the early settlers. Thev
had just made some clearings, which they had planted in corn. Bread is the
first great necessity. Corn pone and mush wrere relied upon by most of the
settlers. The corn that they had planted was peeping through the hills when
there came a great horde of squirrels from the South. The corn patches were
literally alive with squirrels, digging up and eating the sprouted corn. Seed
corn was hard to get, and a long journey had to be made to get seed for plant-
ing, which put the second planting into June. When this second crop was
but matured into hard roasting ears, there came an early frost in September,
which cooked the fodder and corn into a black and withered state. I have
heard these settlers say that the mush and corn pone made from this corn
when ground was as black as a hat. And to make the matter worse, in the
early settlements in the East and South on the Ohio river, the wheat that was
harvested, threshed and ground into flour was not fit to eat by either man or
beast. This wheat goes down into history as "sick wheat."
The depredations of the squirrels led the Legislature of 1807-08 to pass
a law encouraging the killing of squirrels. This law made it imperative that
every person who was a taxpayer in the county should furnish a certain
number of squirrel scalps at the time of tax paying, the number to be fixed
by the township trustees, and any person delinquent was liable to the same
penalty as delinquent tax-payers on land or personal property, and any per-
son producing to the collector more than the required number was to receive
two cents for each scalp. This law is to be found in Volume 5, Ohio Laws.
The law was never enforced. An overruling providence sent on the squirrel
desperadoes the most severe winter of 1807-8, known in the history of Ohio
both for cold weather and snow, and the great horde of squirrels almost all
perished with hunger. These early Guernsey settlers subsisted through that
winter on game, black mush and black corn pone, potatoes, cabbage and turn-
ips. I have heard my uncles say that the people had two ways of keeping
GUERNSF.Y COUNTY, OHIO. .| I I
warm, one was to chop and carry in wood to keep up the fires day and night,
the other was to carry water from the distant springs to thrown on the chim-
neys tn keep the cabins from burning up.
War followed the advent of the Guernsey settlers to the western wilder-
ness. Grim-visaged war stared them in the face in their cabins and log
house homes. The war whoops of the Indians, encouraged by English emis-
saries, rang through the forest. The great chief Tecumseh, with his shrewd,
cunning and wily tread, was everywhere inciting the Indians to rapine and
murder. The Guernsey settlers carried their guns to their work in the clear-
ings, and moved about in pairs for protection. At night the cabin doors
were barricaded and they slept on their arms. Daily came the word from the
nearby frontiers of the capture of women and children and the burning of
homes. It may be that these Guernsey settlers looked back to their island
home with longing eyes. But few- of them were yet naturalized citizens, but
they did not hang their harps on the willows and cry out, "How can we sing
the Lord's song in a strange land?" They were made of sterner stuff. Great
Britian had no more loyal subjects than the Guernsey islanders, and here in
the country of their adoption, Ohio found no more loyal citizens. Amid the
dark and depressing hour the little Methodist spark was kept aglow. Few
they were, but true to their chosen church they clung together. William
Ogier was a local preacher, Peter Sarchet an exhorter, and Thomas Sarchet a
class leader, and regular Sunday school meetings were held at the different
houses, called "French meetings," and these social meetings in their own
tongues continued to be held for more than three years. The writer in boy-
hood attended these meetings, and has now a very distinct recollection of the
seeming fervour and zeal manifested, although understanding but little of the
hymns, prayers and preaching. Thomas Sarchet attended the first session
of the Ohio conference at Chillicothe in 1812, and brought back with him to
Cambridge -William Mitchell, the senior preacher of the Zanesville circuit,
who resided in his home for the next conference year, and who was the first
Methodist preacher to reside in Cambridge. John Strange, the junior preacher,
rode to the different charges, carrying a rifle on his shoulder. The stagna-
tion and depression caused by the war ceased, business began to revive, the
settlers were encouraged, emigration began to increase, and in 1823 Thomas
Sarchet. speaking of the church's early beginning, says: "We struggled on;
my wife and myself did all that we could to render the preachers comfort-
able, and to open up a way for their usefulness in the community." At length
the Americans began to come in, and the church to take a hold upon the peo-
ple. Among these Americans were Jacob Shaffner, J. S. White, Joseph Wood,
412 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Thomas Mcllyar, Andrew Metcalf, Daniel Davis, John Davis, Joseph Cock-
ed. Edward Mulkins, Hamilton Robb, Joseph Neeland, Levi Rhinehart and
others.
The National road was now located through Cambridge. Its completion
was to open up a market for surplus grain, which had no cash value before.
The gradation was made through Cambridge in 1827-28. Casper W. Weaver,
the superintendent, gave notice to all contractors that the road would be
open for through travel from Bridgeport to Zanesville, October 1, 1828.
Whether there was any formal demonstration made at Cambridge, there is
no record left to show. The Guernsey Times passed into the hands of Nicho-
las Bailhache during the years 1828-29, and of the two years there are no
files or local record to be found.
The great National highway, over which flowed the great moving tide
of emigration westward for thirty years, was to the state of Ohio what the
Appian Way was to ancient Rome, but with this difference, the Appian Way
was designed to gratify the pomp and vanity of emperors and empires, kings
and princes, consuls and pro-consuls, but the National road was designed to
meet the wants of a free and progressive people, and to aid in building up
and strengthening a great and growing republic. The Appian Way outlived
its nation. The old pike served in its day and generation, a complete suc-
cess, and when its glory departed as a national highway, the nation was all
the stronger because it had been made.
We hear no more of the clanking hoof.
And the stage coach rattled by ;
For the Steam King rules the traveled world.
And the "Old Pike's" left to die.
And now we have passed over more than twenty years of the trying
times of the Guernsey settlers, and down to the time when the dark cloud of
isolation began to be dispelled, and the dawn of brighter days to appear. For
the next quarter of a century the great tide of emigration, stage coaches, road
wagons, emigrant wagons, horsemen and footmen moved over the highway.
"Westward ho!" was still the cry. The other day a monument was erected
almost to the west line of the state of Indiana, to mark the center of popula-
tion of the republic for 1890. Where will the next center be? Still farther
west, the answer might be, but there is no longer any west. West is a mere
relative term. The answer must be. "The boundless continent is ours," and
we are again sailing over the seas from whence the star of empire took its
westward way.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 413
LOCAL HISTORICAL SKETCH.
(Jeffersonian, November 22, 189S.)
We have a very distinct recollection of a moving day in the spring; of
1833, "hen my father moved from the old house, corner of Seventh street
and Wheeling avenue, in which the writer was born, and a part of which
still remains a connecting link between the past and the present, to our new
home, corner of West Eighth street and Steubenville avenue, Cambridge.
These three score years of Cambridge life, measuring up its growth, with
some historical reminiscences, social, political, religious and otherwise, we
wish to give to the readers of the Jeffersonian, in a series of papers, as there
are but few links now in Cambridge that can bind together 1833 and 1893 in
one continuous chain of events. Of our new home, now the Burgess prop-
erty, we wish to speak from our boyhood remembrance.
We saw it grow from the clay and water in the mortar box, tramped
by oxen, paddled and tempered with spade, the brick hand moulded, and
hacked and dried ready for the kiln, and from the wood-heated arches, after
being cooled, carried and laid one by one in the wall.
"Mort and more mort, brick and more brick," was the cry of the masons
on the scaffold, as the hod carriers scaled the long, inclined, slatted gangway,
sweating under their loads, as the walls raised up from pudlock to pudlock
to completion. The old pudlock way, with scaffold on the outside, bound to-
gether by poles and withes, is a thing of the past, as is also the header and
stretcher bond of the wall. Then the wall went up round by round, giving
to the whole structure a gradual, equal settling.
Now the walls are run up on outside course first, by a skilled workman.
Then comes a slashing of mortar and brick behind, and the result is that
few. if any, of the brick houses of today are without cracked walls and
cracked plastering, the result of an unequal settling and an improper bond.
We live today, we say, in a new age, an age of progress, but in it is much
that is shoddy, much that is superficial, that won't stand the blast of time.
There is a change of architecture. It is not the imposing Doric, the graceful
Ionic, the magnificent Corinthian, or the arch-surmounting Etruscan, but a
blending together, destroying the distinct features of each in a conglomeration
of designs, that was to be seen everywhere in the Columbian architecture of the
late White City on the lake. But enough of this. The growth of Cambridge,
from 1806 to 1833, had been slow. Emigration was deterred from fear of
the Indians, though they had been subdued and brought to terms of peace in
their defeat by General Wayne, in 1794. and had entered into the "treaty of
4I4 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Greenville," vet they roamed about filled with hatred and revenge at the en-
croachments of the whites into the occupancy of their hunting grounds.
The war of 1812-15 had a stagnating effect. All efforts toward im-
provement were checked. The men flew to arms for the protection of their
families and firesides, but uncertainty and distrust reigned among those who
were left behind to await the results of the arbitrament of war.
"The blast of war had blown." "Peace hath her victories no less re-
nowned than war," and a new life seemed to open upon the frontier settlers,
and the click of the axe and the whack of the mattock meant war for civiliza-
tion, for home and native land.
The country was now a purely protected one. Cambridge was a pro-
tected town; consumer and producer stood side by side. The inhabitants
could not say, "No pent up Utica confines our powers, the boundless universe
is ours." They were shut in, so far as traffic was concerned. A then resi-
dent said "that his boys made a quarter apiece every Sunday, trading pen-
knives." So it was the trade went on, but the capital stock remained the same.
There had to be a reciprocity, a looking out for new fields for trade and
traffic, and the hopes of the people were exultant when the projected "Cum-
berland road," fathered by Henry Clay, sprang into life and began to make
its way through the wilderness. New life, new vigor, inspired the citizens of
Cambridge. The labor in building this road made a market for surplus that
had a money value, and the citizens began to prepare for better homes.
Among the first, after the completion of the National road in 1830,
was our home, where twenty and more years of our life of boyhood and
young manhood centers, as the ever memorable "halcyon days of youth."
The Cambridge then platted contained one hundred and forty lots. On Main
street, north side, thirty-four lots, south side, thirty-six; on Steubenville
street, on the north side, thirty-six, on the south side, thirty-four. The cross
streets, from east to west, were named Walnut, Spruce, Pine. Market, Chest-
nut. Mulberry and Lombardy.
The old court house stood in the square, and the old log gaol, the terror
of evil-doers, stood by its side. From the one, justice, tempered with mercy,
flowed: in the other, punishment, shorn of wrath, was administered to all as
equals before the law.
There were on the lots and streets forty-eight dwellings and shops. Of
the dwellers and their avocations begins the story of three score years of
life in Cambridge.
■We begin at the west end, south side. The first three lots contained the
Beattv tanvard. The old house on the corner of the alley is a part of the
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 415
original house. Christopher Duniver, the head tanner, lived in this house.
Of this family, there are now living- in Cambridge Mrs. Lemuel Bonnell and
Mrs. George D. Gallup. "Chris" Duniver had been the wagoner of Capt.
C. P. Beatty's company in the war of 1812. And when a war-cloud again rose
in the northwest, and the call to arms was made by Governor Robert Lucas in
1835, drum and fife, in martial strains, inspired the latent patriotic spark to
blood heat, "Chris" again kept step, as a recruit, to go and hurl the invading
"Wolverines" from Ohio's sacred soil. This war cloud blew away, but its
heroes still live in history.
On the next three lots Col. Z. A. Beatty, one of the proprietors of the
town, had chosen his home, where the McPherson home now is. He built
the first frame house in Cambridge. There he lived and died in 1835. On
the lots were planted apple, peach and pear trees, the earliest in the town, and
the garden and lawn, fronting the street, was adorned with the choicest shrubs
and flowers of the day.
The National road was a complete and perfect bed of limestone, made so
by rolling and filling in the ruts with the displaced stone, until it was impervi-
ous to water and as smooth as a pavement. It was the only pavement to walk
on for many years in the history of Cambridge.
EARLY DAYS ON WILLS CREEK.
(Jeffersonian, December 12, 1895.) {:..-,
The northwest part of Guernsey county was perhaps the scene of more
exploits among the Indians than any other locality in the county. From the
place where Bird's run flows into Wills creek, now Bridgeville. the creek
makes a long, circuitous route, and flows a distance of fourteen miles to where
the waters of Marlatt run are discharged into it. The distance between the
mouths of these two tributaries in a straight line would not exceed three
miles. This shorter route was much traveled by the Miami, Delaware and
other Indian tribes during the Indian war of 1790-95, when their anxiety was
to reach the settlements at Marietta. Only a few years ago their trace could
lie noticed in manv places from Marlatt's run to the mouth of Bird's run,
thence up to Indian Camp, Wills creek and Trail run, thence over the divide,
and di lira Duck creek and the Little Muskingum.
As early as the year 1810, one James Miskimins, a native of Virginia,
settled on Wills creek, and took up a large quantity of land near the mouth
of Marlatt's run. Having made his location, he returned to Virginia and
operated a large distillery, until he had accumulated enough means to make
4l6 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
him comfortable. He then returned to his land on Wills creek, being one of
the first settlers. As it was his custom to make money, he was soon engaged
in a good business in buying fur from the Indians, rather trading with them.
His only market then was at Zanesville. For the purpose of carrying his fur
to market, and his corn to a horse mill, he made a large canoe, in which he
could float down the creek and river to Zanesville, do his trading and return
with his corn meal and a good supply of whiskey. For the purpose of keep-
ing things dry, he built a commodious warehouse on the bank of Wills creek,
where he could store his fur and whiskey, and it soon became famous as a
trading post among the Indians, as well as the few white people who had set-
tled there.
On one occasion he was longer in making his trip to Zanesville and return
than usual, which induced Doughty, the Indian chief, in company with others
of the tribes, to start down the creek to see what had become of "Skimmer,"
as they called him. They met Miskimins on his return near the mouth of
White Eyes creek, and beckoned him in a friendly way to come on shore, and
let them have a drink of fire water (whiskey). At their request, Miskimins
landed his canoe, and treated the Indians with one drink each, then hastened
on his journey up the creek, as he wished to reach his warehouse before night.
Just as he was working his canoe back into the middle of the stream, one
stalwart Indian who had not had enough drink, became unruly and threatened
to shoot Miskimins if he did not return to the shore. Doughty told Miskimins
he had better land, as the Indian was bad, and would shoot him if he did not.
Miskimins again landed his canoe, and walked right up to the pesky Indian,
jerked his gun from his hands, knocked him down with it, then threw the
gun into the creek where the water was deep. He then started up the creek
with his canoe, and reached home the same evening, without further molesta-
tion from the Indian.
The next morning when Miskimins got up. he found six burly Indians
standing against his cabin, three on each side of the door. He expected to
have an uneven encounter with them, but that did not deter him from inviting"
them in. They very good-humouredly went in, and then told him that the
Indian he had knocked down the day before was a bad Indian, but he had a
big family to maintain, that he now had no gun and nothing to buy one with,
and that he ( Miskimins) must give the Indian a gun, and all would be right.
To this demand Miskimins readily assented. After receiving the gun and a
drink, the Indians departed in peace.
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. -jJJ
SARCHET GIVES SOME HISTORY.
(Times, November 12. 1903.)
The late reception by the Methodist Episcopal church to Doctor Wallace
and Rev. W. B. Winters and their wives, calls up this history of how recep-
tions were given to the preachers of the long ago. There was then no know-
ing who was to be the preacher or preachers in advance of their coming to
the charge. In 1819 Rev. Thomas A. Morris, afterward an honoured bishop,
was sent as the senior preacher by the Ohio conference to Zanesville circuit.
of which Cambridge was one of the appointments. He moved to Cambridge,
where he resided the two years he was on the circuit. He lived in a house
on the now Margaret Thompson lot on East Steubenville avenue. The preach-
ing place was in the grand jury room in the old court house, which was
reached by two flights of stairs from the old court room below. It was
seated with slab benches, with here and there a chair brought by a member for
his or her special use. Reverend Morris preached his first sermon, and at its
close stated that Rev. Charles Elliott, the junior preacher, would preach in
three weeks. The day for the junior preacher came. The little congrega-
tion was assembled,- and patiently awaiting his advent. The time passed
slowly on, past the appointed hour, and no preacher came. Then, after some
consultation, it was decided that as it was the spring of the year, and the roads
very bad, he would be unable to get there, and that before separating they
would have a prayer meeting. One of the brothers took the stand and an-
nounced a hymn. The congregation rose, and sang the hymn, the leader
timing out two lines at a time. While they were singing, a rough, uncouth-
looking man stood at the head of one of the stairways. When the singing
was finished, and they knelt in prayer, with the leader, the strange, uncouth
man knelt also. When the prayer was over, and the congregation resumed
their seats and the leader was about to give out another hymn, the strange
man walked forward to the stand, and standing with his back to the congre-
gation, began to disrobe. Laying down his riding whip, taking off his great-
coat, which was all bedraggled with mud. and his leggings and overshoes of
buffalo-hide, he turned, facing the congregation, and said. "I am the junior
preacher, Charles Elliott," and opening the Bible, he read as a text Judges
third and twentieth. "I have a message from God unto thee."
After the sermon, closing hymn, and prayer, the congregation gathered
around the stand, greeting the young preacher, and giving their names. The
most of them were the French Guernsey settlers. He was taken in charge
by Thomas Sarchet. His horse, which was tied to a stump in the square, was
(27)
4l8 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
taken to the stable by one of the Sarchet boys. The greeting and reception
was over, and the young preacher had found a home, where he continued to
stay while on the east end of the circuit. A young boy present at this recep-
tion went home, and told his parents "that a man came in while they were
singing, and knelt at the head of the stairs, during prayer, and that everybody
thought he Was a hog-driver; but behold, he turned out to be the preacher!"
This supposed "hog-driver" preacher became one of the prominent men of
western Methodism, and as editor of the Pittsburg Advocate Journal and
Western Christian Advocate sent out weekly messages to the homes of west-
ern Methodists.
GENERAL JACKSON'S VISIT TO CAMBRIDGE.
(C. P. B. Sarchet, in Times, March 22, 1906.)
When General Jackson, then President of the United States, passed
through Cambridge in the fall of 1831, on his way east to Washington City,
the new bridge over Wills creek, now the old bridge on Dewey avenue, was
just receiving its second coat of paint inside and out, also the roof. It was
somewhat barricaded with scaffolding and the general travel had to be directed
to the old Beatty and Gomber toll bridge, located a short distance west of the
new bridge.
General Jackson was travelling in a private carriage, with a colored
driver and a colored servant mounted on top as a postillion. Behind the car-
riage there followed a colored boy mounted on the General's old white war
horse. The cavalcade stopped at the old "Bridge House" tavern, kept by
David Ballantine. There the General changed his dress of travel into the
full suit of a major-general of the United States army. The old war horse
was fully caparisoned with military saddle, saddle blanket, bridle and housing,
all of these bespangled with shining stars and fringed with red trappings.
At the "Bridge House" he was met by an improvised drum corps and a
number of the old soldiers of the war of 1812, and his Democratic adherents
of the town and nearby country. The Whigs and Democrats of that day
were like the Jews and Samaritans of old, politically they had no assimilations
with the Democrats, and especially for Andy Jackson, who had beaten the
Whig idol of Ohio, Henry Clay.
Major James Dunlap, an officer of the Pennsylvania militia in the war
of 1812, then a citizen of Cambridge, was marshal of the parade, assisted by
Ancil Briggs, his son-in-law, who was later the first governor of the state
of Iowa. The Major had two sons, George Washington and Andrew Jack-
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 4I9
son. These were conspicuous in the parade. George beat the base drum and
"Fat Jack,'' dressed in his best bib and tucker, walked by the side of his father,
at the head of the procession.
When all was in readiness, the marshal headed the column, followed by
Old Glory flaunting" in the breeze, followed by the drum corps. Then came
General Jackson, mounted on the white war horse, with the trappings and
stars and spangles glittering in the morning sunlight, followed by the car-
riages, soldiers and, citizens.
The Cambridge postmaster, Jacob Schaffner, was conspicuous in the drum
corps, playing the snare drum. As the column moved through Wheeling
avenue, General Jackson, with his three-cocked hat, surmounted with a long
white plume, in his hand, waved it right and left to the onlookers, whilst his
long white locks fluttered in the breeze. At the top of the east hill the change
was made back to the regular traveling mode.
"from hen to mouth."
Old Major Bute, grandfather of J. B. Ferguson, Esq., of this city, was a
frequent horse-back traveller on the old pike. These horse-back travellers
usually got up early at the tavern where they spent the night, and rode five
or more miles to another tavern early in the morning to take breakfast. The
Major told this story :
He had ridden some miles in the early morning, and reached a tavern
where he stopped to feed his horse and eat his breakfast. After washing and
getting ready for breakfast, he took a seat on the porch in front of the tavern.
While seated there the hall door was opened, and he heard a boy call, "Mother,
the old hen is on!" The landlord came out, and took a seat by the Major.
After waiting some time, the Major asked the landlord if breakfast would
soon be ready. The reply was, "Yes. in a short time."
Then the Major heard the boy call, "Mother, the old hen's off. and I've
got the eggs." The landlord went in, but soon came out and invited the
Major to breakfast. On the table was "ham and egg."
The Major remarked that he had often heard of people living from hand
to mouth, but that was the first time in his experience he had heard of anyone
living from "hen to mouth."
the old pike and early inns.
(From Reminiscences published in the local press by Colonel Sarchet.)
A few miles west of Fairview old Billy Armstrong kept a notable tavern
and wagon stand, on the top of the hill, then known as the "Taylor Hill." on
420 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
the old pike. He kept a team on the road. He was a jolly old Irishman. It
was a famous place and the wagoners often drove late at night to reach Arm-
strong's, as did other travelers.
It was said that an Irishman, traveling on foot, stayed there over night,
and in the morning after breakfast told old Billy that he had no money to pay
his bill. "Why didn't you tell me that last night?" said old Billy. The Irish-
man said : "And faith, I'm sorry enough to tell you this morning." This
Irish wit so tickled old Billy that he gave him a parting drink and bade him
proceed on his journey with good luck.
Old Billy was a great Jackson man and a Democrat, and would argue
that Jackson did more for the old pike than did Henry Clay, its great cham-
pion. His Democratic friends of Oxford township for his party loyalty ele-
vated him to the high and honorable dignity of esquire. .He was now no
longer called old Billy, but "Squire Billy." Toward the end of the palmy
days of the old pike, he was further rewarded by his party and was elected
from the Guernsey-Monroe district to the Senate of Ohio.
In the Senate at that time was a leading Democrat named Aiken. He
was fond of a joke and concluded to play one on old Billy. His name on the
Senate roll came just before Armstrong's. He conceived the idea that old
Billy always voted as he did on all questions, whether political or local. One
day a measure came up to be voted on of some political character. Aiken's
name was called and he voted with the Whigs. Armstrong's was called and
he voted the same way. After the vote was completed the Democrats gathered
around Aiken's desk to know why he had voted with the Whigs. He replied
that he was setting a trap. The next morning, after the journal was read,
Aiken rose up and asked to change his vote to the Democratic side, which was
granted. Then old Billy, who sat some distance away, rose up and asked
that his vote be changed to the Democratic side, which was granted. And
now with the Whigs old Billy came to be known as "the follower of the file
leader."
At the old Hoover tavern, then kept by David Holtz. the writer first saw
old Pete Jackson, colored, who was later a historic darkey of Cambridge.
He married "Tempy" Mitchell, and Pete and Tempy had many warm times.
Pete would get drunk and try to clear the kitchen and break the dishes, and
Tempy would drive Pete off. When he was asked why he did not stay with
Tempy, Pete would say: "Oh, there is a coolness now, but it will warm up
again when the moon changes."
Pete worked a good many years at the old Cambridge foundry, carried
on by Clark Robinson and B. A. Albright. They finally disagreed and dis-
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 42 I
solved partnership, and had many lawsuits. Pete was one of the witnesses.
In one of the cases a question was prepared by Billy Mil Iyer, a pettifoging
attorney engaged in the case. He stated the question to Pete and said, "Now
you must answer the question by yes or no." Pete studied a little and then
said: "I wouldn't believe that lie it I swore to it myself."
Some distance northwest of Middleton lives old Isaiah Parlett. He was
one of the very "old timers" wagoning to Baltimore, which is more than three
hundred miles from where he lived. The usual average day's drive was fif-
teen miles, and in winter and bad weather was less, so that almost a month and
a half was taken to make a trip.
At Middleton and near it were a good many old wagoners. Many of
these hauled east to Cumberland, Maryland, after the Baltimore & Ohio rail-
road had been completed that far west. Among these were William Parlett,
William and Andrew Moore, William and Thomas Dunn. The most of these
only hauled east as far as the Ohio river at Bridgeport and Wheeling and
west from there to the towns along and adjacent to the old pike, as far west
as the Ohio canal. The teams in Ohio, west of the Ohio river, that east of
Wheeling would have been called "sharpshooters" were called "militia teams."
That the old pike was a first class highway was evidenced by incidents
given of wagoners who left it with loads for the adjacent towns.
We give this incident taken from the "Old Pike :" Daniel Barcus agreed
to deliver, from Baltimore in 1838, a load of merchandise weighing eight
thousand three hundred pounds, to Mt. Vernon, Ohio, in good condition at
the end of thirty days at four dollars and twenty-five cents per hundredweight.
He left the old pike at Jacktown, west of Zanesville. From Jacktown to Mt.
Vernon was thirty-two miles, the whole distance being three hundred and
ninety-seven miles. At Mt. Vernon he loaded back with tobacco in hogs-
heads, seven thousand two hundred pounds, at two dollars and seventy-five
cents per hundredweight. On the way back before reaching Jacktown, he
upset, without any damage except the detention. The expense of getting his
wagon turned up and re-loaded was a jug, ten cents, and one gallon of whisky,
thirty cents. Barcus says that when he struck the National road at Jacktown
he felt at home again.
Barcus says that he often stayed at the Wallace tavern near Brownsville.
Pennsylvania, and one night after taking care of his team, he accompanied
the two daughters to a country party, where they danced all night, till broad
daylight, and walked home with the girls in the morning. These social par-
ties were frequent on the old pike both east and west. Many of the old wagon-
ers were good fiddlers. Most of the old tavern keepers kept a fiddle.
422 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
Major James Dunlap, who was the first marshal of the incorporated vil-
lage of Cambridge, and one of its prominent and respected citizens, kept a
tavern on the old pike east of Washington, Pennsylvania, called the "Mt.
Vernon House." He was keeping that house as early as 1816. This is what
the "Old Pike" says of him : "Major Dunlap was a prominent man of his day,
and brigade inspector of the Washington county militia, an officer of no little
consequence in the history of Pennsylvania. He later kept the 'Jackson
House' in Washington."
The writer has heard Major Dunlap and Joseph L. Noble, who kept a
tavern on what was known as "Egg Nog Hill," and who was later a citizen
of Cambridge, tell of the winter frolics at the old taverns in the mountains.
There was a noted tavern called the "Three Gals' House." It was kept by
three maiden ladies, and thus its name. One of the "gals" played the fiddle,
and fandangoes and hoedowns were of frequent occurrence at the Three Gals'
Tavern. Old Sam Smith was a wagoner and kept a tavern at Elizabethtown
on the old pike east of Washington. He \vas one of the celebrated Smith
families, tavern keepers, stage drivers and wagoners on the pike, east of the
Ohio river. These Smiths followed the fortunes of the old pike west into
Ohio. Part of the old Smith tavern is still standing as a relic of its past
glories. It was a place where tobacco was brought in from the south by the
"militia teams," to be re-loaded for the east, and was a well-patronized tavern.
Teams of some character were to be seen day and night in the Smith wagon
yard.
After the busy days of the old pike were over, and Sam Smith slept in
the village grave yard, old Billy Richards lived in the old tavern. He had a
boy that was not bright. The late Dr. J. T. Clark told this story :
Richards burnt wood for his fires and had a large wood yard in front of
his house. The wood had been cut up in the yard, leaving many chips to be
gathered up. The Doctor said as he was passing one day on his professional
business, he noticed the Richards boy going to the house with a big arm load
of chips. When he reached the door, he threw down the load and said:
"Damned if I carry chips." Moral — don't quit too soon.
Samuel Jackson, known in the early history of Cambridge as General
Jackson, was an old wagoner on the road east of Wheeling before the Nation-
al road was constructed. He drifted west along with the old stone bridge
builders, the firm of Kinkeade & Beck, who built the celebrated "S" bridge
on the pike west of Washington, Pennsylvania. Near this bridge was the
celebrated tavern of the widow Caldwell. Cumrine, in his history of Wash-
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 423
ington county, gives many of the enlivening scenes that took place at the
Caldwell tavern.
In the opening chapter of "The Old Pike," by the Hon. L. B. Seabright,
the Hon. James G. Blaine, who was a student at Washington and Jefferson
College, says: "Caldwell's tavern (we did not use the high-sounding 'hotel,'
but the good old Anglo-Saxon 'tavern'), with its wide open fireplace in the
cheerful bar-room, and the bountiful spread in the dining room, and the long
porch for summer loafers, and the immense stabling with its wealth of horse-
flesh, and the great open yard for the wagons ! How real and vivid it all seems
to me at this moment ! All the reminiscences of the old pike, for which you
are an enthusiast, are heartily shared by me."
This firm of Kinkeade & Beck built the crooked stone bridge east of
Cambridge, and did the stone work of the old bridge over Wills creek on
Dewey avenue of this city and the crooked stone bridge over Crooked creek
west of this city.
With these bridge builders General Jackson came to Cambridge as a
wagoner, and first resided in a log cabin which was located on the high ground
south of Wills creek and east of the old bridge. After the completion of the
National road west to Cambridge, he began again wagoning to the East on the
pike, which he continued for many years, and was followed in his old days
by his son. Samuel, who took for a wife Miss Phoebe Valentine, daughter of
John Valentine, a noted tavern keeper of West Alexander, Pennsylvania.
Of him the "Old Pike" says: "If he had a predecessor or successor in
this house, his name is totally eclipsed by that of John Valentine.'' This fam-
ily of Jackson, father, mother, son and wife, rest in their graves in the old
"Hutchison" graveyard, in Adams township.
Some time ago, in a conversation with Rev. Dr. Milligan, he inquired if
we had read a book in the Cambridge library, entitled "Claysville on the Old
Pike." We replied that we had not. He then said, "You ought to get it
and read it, I think it would interest you." So we took his advice and with
his assistance in finding it in the new library room, we took it out and read
it with a good deal of interest. It was written by Rev. Dr. Birch, of New
York. It was a history of the old Claysville Presbyterian church, and in it the
author gives some of the enlivening scenes of the old pike, as witnessed in his
bovhood and while a student at Washington and Jefferson college.
There was much in it that we had heard in our boyhood about the old
pike. He gave the names of many of the wagoners, and described their old
broad-wheeled wagons, and the names of many of the old stage coaches, stage
drivers and descriptions of some of his stage rides on top of the coaches with
424 GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO.
the drivers from Washington to Wheeling. He gives a reminiscence of old
Joseph Lawson, father of Mrs. Isaac Lofland, of this city, and his famous
tavern in West Alexander, and calls up from the dead past the celebrated
"Gretna Green" and the old justice of the peace, Joseph F. Mayes, who mar-
ried nineteen hundred and eighteen eloping couples, from 1861 to 1881, and in
all, from 1835 to J885. more than five thousand.
He speaks of the old Reed tavern at "Coon Island." The point is now
Vienna station on the Baltimore and Ohio railroad. Think of an old stage
driver or wagoner going back to "Coon Island" to find himself "a mere
looker-on in Vienna." He speaks of the relay house at "Rooney's Point" and
of the "Clay monument" and other historic points on the west end of the old
pike. Among the stage drivers he mentions is the redoubtable Archie McNeil,
whom the writer knew in boyhood.
His father, Archibald McNeil, carried on blacksmithing at the old Sarchet
salt works on Wills creek, five miles north of Cambridge. Around the salt
works and his father's shop, young Archie spent his boyhood days. He was
a great lover of horses and would run away from the blacksmith shop and
sneak off with a bridle or halter to the large bottom farm of the writer's
father, Moses Sarchet, who at that date kept a large number of colts, aged
from one to three years. Archie would drive them into a log stable and catch
the first one he could, without regard to age, and ride it about the pasture field.
So while Archie continued around all the colts, year after year, were broken to
ride. Archie finally drifted to Cambridge, and began to lead extra stage
horses from station to station on the old pike, and at times ride back and forth
with the stage drivers on the box. He soon began to handle the reins and be-
came a noted driver. He drifted east on the old pike, east of Wheeling.
This is what Hon. T. B. Searight says of Archie in the "Old Pike:"
"Archie McXeil was of the class of merry stage drivers and enlivened the
road with his quaint tricks and humorous jokes. An unsophisticated youth
from the back country, of ungainly form and manners, sauntered into Wash-
ington, Pennsylvania, to seek employment, with an ambition not uncommon
among young men of that day to became a stage driver. He fell in with
Archie McNeil and made known the object of his visit. Archie, ever ready
for a joke, encouraged the aspirations of the young 'greenhorn.'
"Opposite the 'National House' there was a long shed into which empty
coaches were run for shelter. Archie proposed to the young fellow that he
furnish a practical demonstration of his talent as a driver, to which he readily
assented. He was directed to climb up on the driver's seat; then Archie
fastened a full set of reins to the end of the coach tongue and handed them
GUERNSEY COUNTY, OHIO. 42^
to the young fellow, and also a driver's whip and told him to show what he
could do.
"The coach bodies, be it remembered, were placed on long, stout and
wide leather springs, which caused gentle rocking when in motion. The
young fellow, fully equipped as a driver, swayed himself back and forth,
cracked the whip first on one side and then on the other of the tongue, rocked
the coach and manipulated the reins, with great pomp, and continued to exer-
cise himself in this manner for a time, without evincing the slightest con-
sciousness that he was the victim of a joke.
"A number of persons, the writer included, witnessed this ludicrous
scene, and heartily enjoyed the fun. Among the spectators was James G.
Blaine, then a student at Washington College.
"McNeil was a son-in-law of Jack Bayliss, the old stage driver from
Washington to Claysville."
James Bayliss, an old stage-driver here at Cambridge, was a son of Jack
Bayliss. Henry Bayliss and the Misses Bayliss, of this city, are children of
James Bayliss.
This is an old song that the writer heard William Sheets, an old stage
driver and wagoner, sing in the tavern of George W. Hoan, at Fairfield, Iowa,
a half century ago. G. W. Hoan was a former tavern keeper at Cambridge.
"Oh, the songs they would sing and the tales they would spin.
As they lounged in the light of the old country inn.
But a day came at last when the stage brought no load
To the gate as it rolled up the long dusty road.
And lo ! at the sunrise a shrill whistle blew
O'er the fields — and the old yielded place to the new —
And a merciless age with its discord and din
Made wreck, as it passed, of the pioneer inn."
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